2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-动词的时态和语态
高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲
高考英语动词时态和语态考点精讲在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考察固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，着重在上下文语境中考察时态和语态。
要认识几种时态的一些惯例规则，答题时要研读题干，搜寻出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，特别要注意时态的响应状况。
时态主动语态形式被动语态形式一般此刻时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done一般过去时was/were/did was/were done此刻达成时has/have done has/have been done此刻达成进行时has/have been doing /此刻进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done过去达成时had done had been done未来达成时will/shall have done will /shall have been donewill /shall doam/is/are going to dowill /shall be done一般未来时am/is/are coming/leavingam/is/are to be doneam/is/are to doam/is/are about to dowould dowas going to dowould be done过去未来时was coming/leavingwas/were to be donewas to dowas about to do未来进行时will /shall be doing /考点 1 一般此刻时一般此刻时表示动作的常常性或真谛；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、退步状语从句顶用一般此刻时或此刻达成时表示未来；表示估计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且所有倒装时，用一般此刻时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学议论中。
2012年高考英语试题分项版解析Ⅰ专题06 动词的时态和语态(教师版)
2012年全国与各地高考英语分类精品解析系列简介单项选择题分类解析系列专题01单项选择题分类解析〔冠词、名词和主谓一致〕专题02单项选择题分类解析〔代词〕专题03单项选择题分类解析〔介词和介词短语〕专题04单项选择题分类解析〔形容词和副词〕专题05单项选择题分类解析〔动词和动词短语〕专题06单项选择题分类解析〔动词的时态和语态〕专题07单项选择题分类解析〔情态动词和虚拟语气〕专题08单项选择题分类解析〔非谓语动词〕专题09单项选择题分类解析〔定语从句〕专题10单项选择题分类解析〔连词和状语从句〕专题11单项选择题分类解析〔名词性从句〕专题12单项选择题分类解析〔特殊句式〕专题13单项选择题分类解析〔交际用语〕完形填空题分类解析系列专题01记叙文完形填空专题02夹叙夹议完形填空阅读理解题分类解析系列专题01人物传记、故事类阅读理解专题02新闻报道、广告类阅读理解专题03社会生活、说理议论类阅读理解专题04科普类阅读理解专题05新题型阅读理解书面表达题分类与选择讲评专题01书面表达题分类与选择讲评〔文字提纲式〕专题02书面表达题分类与选择讲评〔图画式〕专题03书面表达题分类与选择讲评〔开放式〕1.(2012课标卷)23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step 〞A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。
上下文讲的是哲理性的话，上文用的是一般现在时，下文回答时也用同样时态。
不要受“Granny used to say〞的影响，因为是直接引语。
句意：奶奶过去常常说：生活就像在雪地中行走，因为每一步都能看见。
2.(2012课标卷)33.I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and thenumbersbefore my eyes.A. swim B .swum C. swam D. had swum3.(2012大纲卷)14.—Did you ask Sophia for help ?—I ________ need to. I managed perfectly well on my own.A. wouldn’tB. don’tC. didn’tD. won’t【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
cook, draw等, 常与well, easily,
这件衬衫不好洗。
smoothly等副词连用
open, close, lock, move, keep等动词常 The drawer won't lock.
与won't, can't, wouldn't 连用
这个抽屉锁不上。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
意义 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, 单
一致 enemy, party, crew, audience, committee, government, majority, 复
原则 group等强调整体时谓语动词用单数, 指个体成员时谓语动词用 数
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点三 主谓一致3原则
原则
主语
谓语
语法 单数
单数
一致 原则
复数
复数
就近 一致 原则
由or, either... or..., neither... nor...,
not only... but (also)..., not... but... 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上 保持一致
2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-动词的时态和语态[教师版]
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2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。
设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。
见下表：（一）一般现在时1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用We always care for each other and help each other.2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制)The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时；The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可以用shall或will表“意愿”，不表示时态；I’ll go there after I finish my work.If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.3.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
（二）一般过去时1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。
2.表达过去发生的动作We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。
2012届高三英语一轮复习语法精讲：专题6 时态和语态(北师大版)
专题六时态和语态时态英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。
时间主要有四个主要部分，即现在、过去、将来和过去将来。
动作方面也有四种，即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。
中学课本中常见的时态有以下几种：时态构成用法一般现在时主语＋动词(单数第三人称＋s或es)表示现在的特征、状态、经常性动作或客观事实等现在进行时主语＋am (is，are)＋现在分词表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作现在将来时(1)主语＋will(shall)＋动词原形(2)主语＋am (is, are)＋goingto ＋动词原形表示在现在看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态现在完成时主语＋have (has)＋过去分词(1)动作发生于过去，一直持续到现在，可以和表示持续性的时间状语连用。
(2)动作发生于过去，已经完成，但这个动作对现在有影响，一般没有明显的时间状语，主要通过上下文来理解。
时态构成用法一般过去时主语＋动词的过去式表示过去某时发生动作(包括过去习惯性的动作)或存在的状态过去进行时主语＋was (were)＋现在分词表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作过去将来时主语＋would ＋动词原形表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态过去完成时主语＋had ＋过去分词既可以表示在过去某一个时间或动作之前就发生或完成的动作，也可表示过去发生的某一动作一直持续到过去的另一个时间或动作。
现在完成进行时主语＋have (has) been ＋现在分词现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。
现在这个动作可能刚刚终止，也可能仍在进行。
语态语态是表示主语和动词之间语法关系及语义关系的动词形式，有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。
英语中的语态和时态是不可分割的，每种时态都有其相应的语态形式语态构成例句一般现在时的被动语态主语＋am(is, are)＋过去分词The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a symbol of courage and power.现在进行时的被动语态主语＋am(is, are)＋being＋过去分词My car is being repaired at present.现在将来时的被动语态主语＋will(shall) be ＋过去分词/主语＋am(is, are)＋goingto be＋过去分词The new bridge will be completedat the end of the year.现在完成时的被动语态主语＋have(has) been＋过去分词I am surprised that you should have beenfooled by such a simple trick.一般过去时的被动语态主语＋was (were)＋过去分词Marie Curie took little notice of the honorsthat were given to her in her later years.过去进行时的被动语态主语＋was (were) ＋being ＋过去分词I had the distinct impression that I was beingfollowed.过去将来时的被动语态主语＋would be＋过去分词The workers scented changes that would bemade in the company.过去完成时的被动语态主语＋had been ＋过去分词The new suspension bridge had beendesigned by the end of last month.一、时态动词的时态是英语语法的重中之重，因为它们与句子结构、句子表达、语言逻辑紧密相连，无论是单选、完形、阅读还是书面表达都离不开时态。
高考英语必考语法精讲精练专题八：动词的时态和语态 Word版含解析
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题八：动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。
时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。
各种时态构成表：（以do为例）一、一般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。
（1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes（2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：carry→car ries（3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches，finish→finishes2．功能：（1）表现在的事实、状态或动作。
例如：①I have a dream.②She loves music.③Mary's parents get up very early.（2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，occasionally，frequently，seldom 等时间副词连用。
2012动词时态和语态汇编高中英语高三高考含答案解析
2012英语分类汇编----动词时态和语态动词时态和语态在高考中的考查重点：1.对下列十种时态的考查：一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来时2.既考查时态又考查语态；3.考查动词的及物与不及物；4.考查主动形式表示被动意义；5.考查动词词组在被动语态中的介词问题；6.对被动语态习惯句型的考查。
2012年时态1.（安徽高考，26）In order to find the missing child, villagers _____ all they can over the past five hours.A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing2.（安徽高考，33）Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _____ some of its stores open 20 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.A. keepsB. keepC. have keptD. had kept3.（全国高考I，23）“Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step _____.’A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed4.（全国高考I，33）I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _____ before my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum5.（重庆高考，22）―Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?―Well, I _____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.A. will takeB. tookC. had takenD. take6.（重庆高考，27）Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _____. We must act immediately before there’s none left.A. have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out7.（湖南高考，25）Close the door of fear behind you, and you _____ the door of faith open before you.A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. are seeing8.（湖南高考，27）“The moment _____ soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. cameB. has comeC. was comingD. is coming9.（湖南高考，33）―I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?―Sorry, I _____ the piano for years.A. don’t playB. wasn’t playingC. haven’t playedD. hadn’t played10.（福建高考，24）─When did the computer crash?─This morning, while I _____ the reading materials downloaded from some websites.A. have sortedB. was sortingC. am sortingD. had sorted11.（北京高考，22）By the time you have finished this book, your meal _____ cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD. is getting12.（北京高考，30）Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.A. had developedB. was developingC. would developD. developed13.（天津高考，12）The three of us _____ around Europe for about a month last summer.A. traveledB. have traveledC. had traveledD. travel（模块二第2单元grammar）14.（江西高考，26）—Look! Somebody _____ the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has cleanedD. had cleaned15.（陕西高考，24）—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I _____ to Beijing. How about give.A. flyB. will flyC. will be flyingD. am flying16.（四川高考，3）—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. _____.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will17.（四川高考，9）—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I _____ a text message just now.A. had answeredB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering18.（辽宁高考，31）I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I _____ to Shanghai.A. will be flyingB. will flyC. have been flyingD. have flown19.（山东高考，28）After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _____ working on his project.A. had startedB. has startedC. startedD. starts20.（山东高考，34）The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _____.A. will leaveB. are leavingC. have leftD. were leaving21.（江苏高考，32）The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _____ some European business partners.A. would meetB. is meetingC. meetsD. had met22.（江苏高考，34）The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _____.A. has startedB. startsC. startedD. will start23.（上海高考，30）—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves24.（浙江高考，13）Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.A. had abandonedB. abandonedC. abandonD. will abandon25.（浙江高考，16）—Alvin, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected _____.A. has come upB. was coming upC. had come upD. would come up26.（北京高考，25）George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he _____.A. wouldn’tB. didn’tC. hasn’tD. hadn’tDACCB BCDCB CDACC DDACD DCABA B语态1.（安徽高考，35）After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it _____.A. was decoratedB. had decoratedC. had been decoratedD. was being decorated2.（湖南高考，22）Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid3.（北京高考，29）─Have you heard about that fire in the market?─Yes, fortunately no one _____.A. hurtB. was hurtC. has hurtD. had been hurt4.（上海高考，26）Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught5.（天津高考，2）The letters for the boss _____ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three days later.A. were putB. was putC. putD. has put6.（四川高考，11）They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _____.A. is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt7.（辽宁高考，35）Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _____ on Friday.A. get paidB. got paidC. have paidD. had been paidDABCA AA虚拟语气1.（安徽高考，31）Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she _____ there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. has livedD. were to live2.（湖南高考，29）Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had3.（福建高考，31）We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _____ more places of interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited4.（天津高考，15）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _____ us a ride home.A. didn’t offerB. wouldn’t offerC. hasn’t offeredD. hadn’t offered5.（陕西高考，17）If my car _____ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be6.（辽宁高考，33）Jaok is a great talker. It is high time that he _____ something instead of just talking.A. will doB. had doneC. doD. did7.（山东高考，30）If we _____ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.A. haven’t madeB. wouldn’t makeC. didn’t makeD. hadn’t made8.（浙江高考，19）Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. might have had9.（北京高考，35）Don’t handle the vase as if it _____ made of steel.A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had beenDDDDB DDDB。
2012年高考英语试题分类解析 动词时态与语态
动词与动词时态1. 【2012湖南卷22】Don't worry. The hard work that you do now ______ later in life.A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。
句意：别担心。
你现在的艰苦工作,会在后来的生活中偿还。
题中信息―Don't worry. later in life‖表明空格处用一般将来时的被动语态。
【语言学习】repay(1). 偿还钱款或债务；归还某人When will you repay me the $500 I lent you last week? 我上周借给你的五百美元你什么时候还给我?(2). 报答；回报；报复I can never repay you for your kindness. 你对我的恩情我永远也报答不完。
(3). 补偿；偿付The company will repay you for your travelling expenses. 公司会给你报销旅差费。
2.【2012江苏卷34】The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he______.A. has startedB. startsC. startedD. will start【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。
句意：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。
根据句意可知，总统开始上任是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。
【语言学习】better off经济状况好的，富裕的；状况好的It’s natural to compare ourselves with others, and many of us tend to compare ourselves with those who are better off. 把我们自己和别人相比较是非常正常的，并且我们中的许多人往往倾向于和比我们好的人相比。
【最新】2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题九动词的时态和语态
minutes when a bus
或状态， 常和 for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 finally came. ③ They had
类别
意义
例句
2
现 现 1.表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续 在 在 到现在，现在可能刚刚结束，也可能仍要继 时 完 续。 态 成 2. 表示瞬间意义的动词不能用于现在完成进
进 行时。 行 时
① I've been sitting here all day. ② Now that she is out of a job, Lucy has been considering going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
在 般 客观事实等。 2. 用在时间状语从句和条件状语 well, but I haven't had
时 现 从句中， 表示将来。 3.少数表示动作起止的动 time to play since the new
态 在 词有时也可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，
year. ②If it rains
时 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。 tomorrow, will you still
时 完 by ， before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句 pictures
from
the
态 成 来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示， spaceship. ② I had been
时 还可能通过上下文来表示。 2. 表示由过去的某 at the bus stop for 20
一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作
时 进 never 等连用时示厌恶或赞扬等的感情色
2012高考英语语法精品集：动词的语态.pdf
一、动词的语态的种类：主动语态和被动语态。
二、被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时should/would + be done情态动词情态动词 + be + 过去分词E.g. (1)一般现在时：Now English is taught in all middle schools in our country. (2)一般过去时：The Great hall of the People was built in 1959. (3)一般将来时: When will the work be finished? (4) )过去将来时：He told us that the work would be finished the next day. (5)现在进行时：Your tractor is being repaired now. (6)过去进行时：The child was being examined by the doctor when they came in. (7)现在完成时：The work hasn’t been finished yet. (8)过去完成: The new plan had been carried out before the second experiment began. (9)情态动词: Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 三、主动语态转换为被动语态要注意的几点：1、带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，若主动语态动词后又有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，.一般是将间接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将直接宾语保留在原处。
但若将直接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，则将间接宾语保留在原处时，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to（此类动词为:bring,hand,leave,lend,read,pass,promise,refuse,return,send,shoe,tell,throw,write）或 for（此类动词为：buy,do,get,make,order,pay,play,sing）等。
高考英语(第七讲 动词的时态和语态)语法精讲精练 教师版
动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。
设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。
见下表：（一）一般现在时1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用We always care for each other and help each other.2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制)The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时；The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可以用shall或will表“意愿”，不表示时态；I’ll go there after I finish my work.If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.3.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
（二）一般过去时1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。
2.表达过去发生的动作We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。
1.有些动词如：think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为，原来想，原计划”。
2012高考英语语法：动词精讲精练（带答案）
2012高考英语语法：动词精讲精练（带答案）高考英语动词语态详解动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
被动语态结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
时态被动语态结构一般现在时 am/is/are done一般过去时 was/were done现在进行时 am/is/are being done过去进行时 was/were being done一般将来时shall/will/be going to be done过去将来时 Would be done现在完成时 have/has been done过去完成时 had been doneEg.Some people attacked the towers.S V OThe towers were attacked by some people.S V1) A car knocked him down yesterday.-He was knocked down by a car yesterday.2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team. The medical team is made up of by two….3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree.A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.4)We’ll put on the play next Sunday.The play will be put on next Sunday.5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school.A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school.6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year.The railway had been completed by the end of last year.7)We should protect the earth.The earth should be protected.8)You need to paint the wall.The wall needs to be painted.几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday.I was given a gift on my birthday.A gift was given to me on my birthday.2.We often hear him play guitar.He is often heard to play guitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带to。
高中英语语法必备之谓语动词的时态和语态详解
高中英语动词的时态语态详解在英语中，句子不仅有时间状语说明动作发生的时间，其谓语动词本身也有形式的变化来指示时间，这种表明谓语动词发生时间的动词形式称为时态。
语态是表现主语和谓语关系的另一种动词形式。
一动词的时态一般说来，发生在现在的事情用现在的时态进行描述；发生在过去的事情用过去的时态进行描述；将要发生的事情用将来的时态进行描述。
英语中的时态共计16种，但常用的有11种。
(以动词do 为例)1．一般现在时（do/does)；2．一般过去时(did)；3．一般将来时( will do/ shall do）；4．一般过去将来时( would do/should do)；5．现在进行时( am/is/are doing)；6．过去进行时(was/were doing)；7．将来进行时( will/shall be doing)；8．现在完成时(have/has done)；9．过去完成时( had done)；10．将来完成时( will/shall have done)；11．现在完成进行时( have/has been doing)；1.一般现在时（1）一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态常用时间状语：sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom，every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night（2）表示经常发生的动作,习惯性的动作或存在的状态I usually get up at four every morning when it’s still dark.He always goes to work late,which makes his boss angry and disappointed.（3）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实及自然现象The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Trees turn green in spring. Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough.（4）表示格言或警句中Pride goes before a fall.Knowledge is power．Practice makes perfect.（5）一般现在时表将来表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且一定要做的事情。
高考英语语法：动词的时态和语态
高考英语语法：动词的时态和语态一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。
2、表示眼下或当前等现在时间所发生的动作或存有的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、*等情节介绍，图片的说明等。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时能够用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存有的状态。
Here comes the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没相关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time等。
2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态，与现在没相关系。
3、用used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明，但实际上是“刚才，刚刚”发生的，属于过去时间，应使用过去时态。
常见的有I didn’t know…或I forgot…等。
5、一般过去时可与today, this week, this month等时间状语连用。
三、一般将来时1、will/shall do（1）表示将来会出现的动作或状态。
常用的时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next week/month…,at the end of this term, in a few minutes等。
英语语法 动词的时态和语态如何表达喜好和能力
英语语法动词的时态和语态如何表达喜好和能力动词的时态和语态在英语语法中可以用来表达喜好和能力。
时态用于表示动作发生的时间，而语态则用于表示动作的主动或被动性质。
下面我将详细解释时态和语态在表达喜好和能力方面的应用。
1. 时态在表达喜好和能力方面的应用：-现在时态（Simple Present Tense）：现在时态常用于表达经常性的喜好和能力。
例如：-喜好：I like to read books in my free time.（我喜欢在空闲时间阅读书籍。
）-能力：She speaks three languages fluently.（她能流利地说三种语言。
）-进行时态（Present Continuous Tense）：进行时态可以用来表达当前正在进行的喜好和能力。
例如：-喜好：They are playing soccer in the park.（他们正在公园踢足球。
）-能力：He is learning to play the piano.（他正在学习弹钢琴。
）-过去时态（Simple Past Tense）：过去时态可以用来表达过去的喜好和能力。
例如：-喜好：I enjoyed watching movies when I was a child.（小时候我喜欢看电影。
）-能力：She could swim when she was five years old.（她五岁的时候就会游泳了。
）2. 语态在表达喜好和能力方面的应用：-被动语态（Passive Voice）：被动语态可以用来强调动作的接受者或受事者的喜好和能力。
例如：-喜好：Jazz music is loved by many people.（很多人喜欢爵士音乐。
）-能力：English is spoken by millions of people around the world.（全世界有数百万人说英语。
）需要注意的是，时态和语态的选择不仅取决于表达喜好和能力，还取决于语境和句子结构。
2012高考英语一轮复习语法课件(人教版)：专题7 动词的时态、语态
现在进行时 过去进行时
am(is, are)+现在分词 was(were)+现在分词
now, during these days, etc. at eight（this time） yesterday, etc. already, just, yet, since, for..., etc. by...,before, etc. for..., since..., etc.
一般将来时
过去将来时
will/shall be done should/would be done
am/is/are being done
过去完成时
将来完成时
had been done
will have been done
现在进行时
含有情态动词 can/must/may.. .be done 的
四、被动语态和系表结构的区别 (1)被动语态表示动作，而系表结构表状态； The cup was broken by a boy. (被动语态) The cup is broken. (系表结构) (2)被动语态可有多种时态，而系表结构只有一般现在时和过去时； My bike is being/will be/was repaired. He is/was interested in his work. (3)被动语态可跟by短语，表动作的执行者。 The dress was made by my mother.
一般将来时
will(shall)+动词原 形be going to+动 词原形
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next..., in two days, etc.
过去将来时
高考英语复习 语法专题精讲精练 动词的时态和语态(含练习习题及解析)
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练动词的时态和语态（含练习习题及解析）时态构成基本用法一般现在时do/does,（连系动词is/am/are）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
He takes a walk after supper every day.他每天晚饭后散步。
We always care for each other and help each other.我们总是相互关心相互帮助。
一般过去时did,（连系动词was/were）①过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态；He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。
②表达过去发生的动作。
We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。
一般将来时will/shall dois/am/are going to dois/am/are(about)to do①表示将来的动作和存在的状态；The first time we’ll send you with an experience d reporter.第一次我们要派有经验的记者陪同你一起去。
②表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。
Oil will float on water.油会浮在水上面。
Crops will die without water.没有水庄稼会死亡。
现在进行时is/am/are doing ①表示现在正在进行的动作；It is raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.现在正下着大雨，因此我们必须呆在家里。
②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作；My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.长江水滚滚向东流。
大学英语语法应用教程-动词的时态和语态(Tense and Voice)
第一节 动词的时态(Tense) 第二节 时态呼应(The Sequence of Tenses) 第三节 动词的语态(Voice)
动词的时态和语态(Tense and Voice)
第一节 动词的时态(Tense)
动词的时态和语态(Tense and Voice)
动词的时态和语态(Tense and Voice)
(4) 比较一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时，例如：
3．一般将来时 一般将来时主要用来表示： (1) 将要发生的动作或情况。例如： We shall start right away. He will speak at the meeting. (2) 习惯动作或未来的倾向。例如： Wherever he goes, he will take an umbrella with him. Without TV, families will rediscover more active pastimes.
动词的时态和语态(Tense and Voice)
2．一般过去时和现在完成时 (1) 一般过去时主要用来表示： ① 过去发生的动作或情况。例如： After graduation San worked in a shirt factory as a consultant for a short period. In 1966, sixty-five-year-old Chichester went alone on his voyage round the world. Jane was here a moment ago. ② 过去的习惯动作，常和never, often, usually等状语连用。例如： Ken never smoked. Barbara usually prepared her lessons in the library. 也可用used to表示。例如： I used to sleep late. ③ 在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。例如： I missed that exciting game, because mother said I couldn't watch before my homework was finished. Father promised to buy me a bike if he got a raise.动词的时态和语(Tense and Voice)
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英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。
见下表：时态名称构成一般现在时do/does,（连系动词is/am/are）一般过去时did,（连系动词was/were）一般将来时will/shall dois/am/are going to do is/am/are(about)to do现在进行时is/am/are doing过去进行时was/were doing将来进行时will be doing现在完成时has/have done过去完成时had done将来完成时will/shall have done 现在完成进行时has/have been doing过去将来时would/should dowas/were going to do was/were(about)to do（一）一般现在时1.表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用行为动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用We always care for each other and help each other.2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制)The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，只用一般现在时；The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。
但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中有时可以用shall或will表“意愿”，不表示时态；I’ll go there after I finish my work.If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.3.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There comes the bus.汽车来了。
Here she comes.她来了。
（二）一般过去时1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。
2.表达过去发生的动作We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。
1.有些动词如：think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为，原来想，原计划”。
I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的，但是事实并非如此。
2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时Hello, I _______you were in London. How long _________here?A. don’t know; were youB. hadn’t known; are youC. haven’t known; areD. didn’t know; have you been【解析】非常容易误选B。
其实答案为D，因为“didn’t know” 强调的是见面前不知道，即指过去不知道。
（三）一般将来时1.表示将来的动作和存在的状态The first time we’ll send you with an experienced reporter.第一次我们要派有经验的记者陪同你一起去。
2.表示一种倾向或习惯性动作Oil will float on water.油会浮在水面上。
Crops will die without water.没有水庄稼会死亡一般将来时几种特殊表达形式的区别1.be going to：表示打算做某事或有迹象表明即将发生某事I am going to visit my friend in hospital.我将去看望住在医院的朋友。
It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好象要下雨了。
2.be about to：表示即时的将来。
一般不与时间状语连用Now ladies and gentleman, you’re about to hear the most incredible tale.女士们，先生们，你们马上就要听到一个难以置信的故事。
3.be to：可用来表示计划、安排（通常是正式的安排）；指令；（表示可能）会做……，可能；必定会发生或已发生了某事；发布命令或告之规则Their daughter is to get married soon.他们的女儿可能不久就要结婚了。
（四）现在进行时1.表示现在正在进行的动作；It is raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.现在正下着大雨，因此我们必须呆在家里。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作；My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
现在进行时与always, often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩Why are always forgetting his name?为啥你总是记他的名字呢？（五）过去进行时1.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
2.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.昨天一整天他都在准备他的演讲。
3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生I was writing while he was watching TV. 我在写东西而他在看电视。
4.表示过去将来动作He said she was arriving the next.day.他说他将在第二天到达。
考生有时用现在完成时或用一般过去时代替过去进行时。
①—Hey, look where you are going!—Oh, I’m terribly sorry._______.A. I’m not noticing.B. I wasn’t noticing.C. I have n’t noticed.D. I don’t notice.【解析】非常容易误选C。
其实答案为B。
因为对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情，应该用过去进行时。
②He ______a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he _____it.A. wrote; has finishedB. was writing; has finishedC. was writing; had finishedD. wrote; will finish【解析】非常容易误选A。
其实答案为B。
从“I don’t know if he has finished it”推断，他去年一直在写，应该用过去进行时。
（六）将来进行时1.表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语When he comes to my house tomorrow, I will be writing the report.他明天来我家的时候，我将正在写报告。
2.表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.我想她做这个实验将会一直做到明天早上。
3.表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测Stop the child or he will be falling over.拦住那孩子，不然他会摔下去的。
将来进行时和一般将来时的区别1.一般将来时不仅表示“将来”，还含有“意志、意愿”等的意思I’ll try my best to hard work at English.我将尽全力努力学习英语。
（含意愿的意思）I’ll be studying English next term.下学期我将学习英语。
（表示单纯的将来）2.跟一般将来时连用的时间状语比较模糊，而跟进来进行时连用的时间状语非常具体I’ll write a letter to my father tomorrow.我明天要给父亲写信。
I’ll be writing a letter to my father this time tomorrow.明天这个时候，我会给父亲写信的。
（七）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，说话时已完成的动作。
I have finished the report. 我已经完成了这个报告。
She has cleaned the room.她已经打扫干净了这个房间。
1.表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”,“since...”表述的一段时间状语连用。
He has learned English for six years.他学英语已经六年了。
They have worked here since they left college.他们大学毕业以后就在这里工作。
2.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”。
—Where is Li Hua?—李华在哪里？－He has gone to the reading-room.—他去阅览室了。
—She knows a lot about Shanghai.—关于上海，她懂很多。
－She has been there.—她去过那里。
短暂动词（即瞬间动词），如：join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin, start, break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
要翻译“他已参军已经三年了”。
不能说：He has joined the army for three years.而要用以下三种方法：①“ago法”：He joined the army three years ago.②“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years.③“since法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army.（八）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。