宾语从句(object clause)

He asked who could answer the question. 谁能回答这个问题 Do you know whom they are waiting for. 他们在等谁吗? 他们在等谁吗 He asked whose handwriting was the best in class. 谁的书法是班上最好的 Do you know which one is smaller , the earth or the moon? 地球和月亮， 地球和月亮，哪一个比较小 I haven’t decided what I should buy for my Mom. 我还没决定应该给妈妈买什么
He knew
翻译比较
He knows
Tom will go to Xi’an . Tom was ill. Tom likes English. Tom was reading a book . Tom has had supper already.
Tom would go to Xi’an . Tom was ill . He knew Tom liked English Tom was reading a book . Tom had had supper already . He knows that the earth runs around the sun. He knew there is a will, there is a way.
Special 2 could
既是can 的过去式， could 既是can 的过去式，用于一般过去 又可以表委婉，此时could could引导主句为 时， 又可以表委婉，此时could引导主句为 一般现在时, 从句时态自主。 一般现在时, 从句时态自主。
请动词适当形式填空
Could you find out who_____my book took yesterday( take?) want Could you tell me what you_____?( want)
Please tell me when we’ll have a meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会 Can you tell me where he is . 你能告诉我他在哪儿 Could you tell me how I can get to the station. 你能告诉我该怎么去车站 Would you tell me why the train is late ? 你能告诉我为什么火车迟到了 I can not remember how much the coat is. 我不记的他多大了
3) 宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是 客观存在的真理
从句不用受到主句时态的限制， 从句不用受到主句时态的限制，一律用一般现在时 态
C ---Do you know___? ---Next year. A. when will he come B. when he comes C. when he will come D. when he would come C The teacher asked us_______ ? A. When will we finish the homework B. When we will finish the homework C. When we would finished the homework D. when we had finished the hoework
小结３ 小结３： 宾语从句时态
1) 当主句是一般现在时
宾语从句的时态不作限制， 宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根 据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。
2) 主句是一般过去时
宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从 宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态， 而达到主句和从句的相互一致。 而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
Object Clause (Part I)
目标
掌握宾语从句的引导词 掌握宾语从句语序时态 掌握宾语从句的其他要点
翻译下列句子
I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 我听说一小时后他会回来 I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us 我想知道他是否跟我们一起去公园 Ask him whether (if) he can come 问问他是否能来 I don’t know whether it is going to rain or not 我不知道是否要下雨
找出每组中划线句子的不同
A. Who is he? Could you tell me who he is? B. Where are they going? I don’t know when they are going. C. What can you do? I can’t remember what you can do.
判断正误
1. 我认为明天不会下雨 I think it will not rain tomorrow. (F) I don’t think it will rain tomorrow. (T) 2. 我认为小明不是个好孩子 I don’t think Xiao Ming is a good boy. (T) I think Xiao Ming isn’t a good boy. (F)
小结２ 小结２：宾语从句语序
陈述语序: 主句+连接词 主语+谓语 陈述语序 主句 连接词 主语 谓语 连接词+主语
+其它成分 其它成分
判断下列句子的正误并改正
• Do you know what is her name? Ｆ what her name is • He didn’t know when they would go to London. T • She asked Lin Tao how long had he been here. Ｆ he had been
Байду номын сангаас
翻译比较
He knows
Tom will go to Xi’an . Tom was ill. Tom likes English. Tom was reading a book . Tom has had supper already. Tom would go to Xi’an . Tom was ill . Tom liked English Tom was reading a book . Tom had had supper already .
if/whether:
what, whom, whose, which, what when, where, how, why, how+adj., how+adv: 充当成分 充当成分,
有具体意义,不可省 有具体意义 不可省. 不可省
翻译下列句子
Do you know if he will come? 你知道他来不来吗? 你知道他来不来吗 He will come if he is free. 如果他有空, 他会来的. 如果他有空 他会来的 Could you tell me when Tom arrived here last night? 你能告诉我汤姆昨晚什么时候到这的吗? 你能告诉我汤姆昨晚什么时候到这的吗 I was studying when you came in. 当你进来的时候我正在学习
Special 1. if & when
if
既是宾语从句的引导词, 既是宾语从句的引导词 表示 “是 宾语从句的引导词 又是条件状语从句的引导词， 条件状语从句的引导词 否”；又是条件状语从句的引导词，表 如果” 示 “如果”。 既是宾语从句的引导词, 表示“ 既是宾语从句的引导词, 表示“什 宾语从句的引导词 么时候” 又是时间状语从句 时间状语从句的引导 么时候”，又是时间状语从句的引导 表示“ 时候” 词，表示“当…时候”。
小结１ 小结１：宾语从句引导词特征
在从句中不能充当成分， that : that 在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无 实际意义,在句中可以省略 实际意义 在句中可以省略. 在句中可以省略 在从句中不充当成分，但有实际意义 在从句中不充当成分，但有实际意义, 不充当成分 是否” 所以不可省. 和 表“是否”, 所以不可省 if和whether 通常可以互换, 但当句末为or not时， 通常可以互换 但当句末为 时 引导词只能用whether而不能用 而不能用if. 引导词只能用 而不能用
Special 3 think
否定转移
翻译下列句子
Could you tell me what you like? Could you tell me when you came back yesterday? Could you tell me when you will come back? Could you tell me if you have finished the homework? Could you tell me what you are doing? Could you tell me what you were doing at 8 yesterday?
观察下列句子并总结
I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us. Ask him whether (if) he can come . I don’t know whether it is going to rain or not. He asked who could answer the question. Do you know whom they are waiting for. He asked whose handwriting was the best in class. Do you know which one is smaller , the earth or the moon? I haven’t decided what I should buy for my Mom. Please tell me when we’ll have a meeting. Can you tell me where he is . Could you tell me how I can get to the station. Would you tell me why the train is late ? I can not remember how much the coat is.
when
找出每组中划线句子的不同
A. Who is he? Could you tell me who he is? B. Where are they going? I don’t know when they are going. C. What can you do? I can’t remember what you can do.
翻译下列句子
Could you tell me what you like? Could you tell me when you came back yesterday? Could you tell me when you will come back? Could you tell me if you have finished the homework? Could you tell me what you are doing? Could you tell me what you were doing at 8 yesterday?