2014新目标英语八年级下册Unit8单元重点短语和知识点总结

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island？
一、重点短语
1. on page 25 在第 2 5 页
2. the back of the book 书的背面
3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙
4. in two weeks 在两周之内
5. go out to sea 出海
6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿
7. write about 写作关于……的内容8. finish doing sth. 做完某事
9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
11. learn to grow fruits and vegetables 学习种水果和蔬菜12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前
13.arrive on the island 登岛14. Lose one’s life 失去某人的生命
15. build a house 建了一间房子make a boat 造了一条船
16.kill animals and birds for food 杀…作为食物17. a piece of land 一块陆地in the middle of …..在….中央
另一个人的脚印14. not long after that 不久之后
13. the marks of another man’ s feet
15. run towards sp. 跑向某地16. use... to do sth. 用……来做某事
17. signs left behind by someone某人留下的标记18. read the newspaper 看报
19. science fiction 科幻小说20. can’ t w
ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法22.the number of people 人数
23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事24. study abroad 在国外学习
25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事26. come to realize 开始意识到
27. science and technology 科技28. fight over sth.就…争吵fight with sb.与…斗争
fight against sth. 与…对抗fight against difficulty
29.write a short summary 写一个总结/概要30. a song full of feelings about returning home 一首充满回家感觉的歌31. a fan of…….迷32. the home of country music 乡村音乐的故乡
33. the importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性
34. bring sb. back to +时间，地点将….带回到…. 35. the good old days 过去的美好时光
36.be kind/friendly to sb. 对…友好/友善37. each other=one another 彼此trust one another 互相信任38. ever since then 自从那时起39. the southern states of America美国的南部地区
40. belong to 属于belong to a group 集体归属41. be kind to each other 善待彼此
42. trust one another 互相信任43. the beauty of nature 大自然的美
44. have been to sp. 去过某地45. do some research on sth. 对……做研究
46. hope to do sth. 希望做某事47. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事
48. the firs t line in the song歌曲的第一行49. enjoy success in在方面，在某地享受成功
50. at the end of the day傍晚的时候51. introduce sb.sth. to sb. 将…介绍给…
52.self-introduction自我介绍53. sing live 现场演唱play live 现场演奏
Alice in Wonderland艾莉丝漫游奇景Robinson Crusoe鲁滨逊漂流记
Little Women小妇人Tom Sawyer汤姆. 索娅历险记Olive Twist 雾都孤儿
二、重点句型
1. Have you.... yet? I have /has already read Little Women.
— Have you read Little Women yet?你读过《小妇人》吗— Yes，I have. /N o, I haven’ t.
2. Has... yet? — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？
— Yes, she has. She thinks it ’ s fantastic. 是的，她读过。

她觉得它很棒。

我依然还没读完它。

（注意yet）
3.I haven’t finished reading it yet.
I’ve already finished reading it.我已经读完它了。

（注意already）
I have read five books already.我已经读了5本书了。

（注意already）
4. 问观点，看法的句子。

How is it ? 它怎么样？What’s it like?
What do you think of it ? How do you like it? 你认为他怎么样？答句：I think it’s fantastic.
5. . . . came to realize how much...She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

6. It was really good, so I couldn’t put it down.
它（指书）真的很好，所以我不能放下它。

7.The book report is due in two weeks.读书报告定于两周后。

8.When I first arrived on this island, I had nothing.当我最初登上岛屿的时候，我一无所有。

9.Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life.虽然我已失去一切，但我还没有失去生命。

10.So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.因此，我不会放弃，我将等待另外的船。

11.I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food.
我几乎每天都带着枪出去，杀动物和鸟儿当食物。

12.Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.
那之后不久，我看到有些食人肉者奋力追杀两个来自于一艘破船的人。

13.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她逐渐意识到，她其实是多么地思念他们所有的人。

14.Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music.从那以后，她就成了美国乡村音乐迷。

15.However, country music brings us back to the “good old days”when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.然而，乡村音乐把我们带回了“过去的美好时光”，那时，人们彼此友爱，彼此信任。

16.It reminds us that the best things in life are free— laughter, friends, family, and the beauty of nature and the countryside.它让我们想起，生命中最美好的事物是自由——笑声，朋友，家庭还有自然和乡村美景。

it is her dream to go there one day. Sarah
17.Sarah hasn’t been to Nashville yet, but
Sarah没有去过Nashville，但是她的梦想就是总有一天去那儿。

18.I hope to see him sing live one day.我希望有一天看他现场唱歌。

三、语法讲解。

1. Have you read Little Woman yet? 你读过《小妇人》这本书吗？
【解析】现在完成时现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式：主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词现在完成时的主要用法
1）.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

常和副词already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等连用。

.
I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
2）.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点，
for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。

I have learnt English for more than ten years.
我已经学了10多年的英语。

(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
She has swum since half an hour before.我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游) already/ yet的区别：
a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。

He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。

My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet.
2.What’s it like? 它怎么样？
【解析】某物怎么样？ What’s +物+like? How+be + 物？
某人怎么样？What’s +人+like? 用来提问人的性格
What do / does +人 + look like?用来提问人的外表。

— What does Anna look like? — _________.
kind B. She’ｓ
tall C. She likes skating
A. She’ｓ
3. Oliver Twist is about a boy who went out to sea and found an Island full of treasures.
《雾都孤儿》讲的是一个小男孩出海并发现了一个满是珠宝的小岛的故事。

【解析】full of 充满 be full of = be filled with 充满The cup is full of water =The cup is filled with water.
be full for 对…很忙This week is full for me .
4. It’s about four sisters growing up.它讲述的是四个姐妹的成长故事。

【解析】grow up 长大；成长 I grew up in Beijing. grow into 长大成为 Mary grew into a beautiful girl.
5. You should hurry up . 你得快点。

【解析】hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事） (用在口语中，用来催促别人快走）
in a hurry=in one’s hurry匆忙地 hurry to do sth 匆忙去做 hurry sb. 催促某人
6. The book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后就要到期了。

【解析1】due adj. 预期；预定 , 通常只用作表语。

be due to do sth/（for sth.）预期做某事
You are due to hand in your composition on Friday afternoon.
sth. be due +时间某事预期在什么时候The homework is due tomorrow.
Due to sth. sb. =because of sth. sb. 由于…. Due to our parents, we have a good life.
【解析2】in two weeks “两周之后”，in意为“在......以后”，“in+一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在......（时间）后”。

He will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。

【注意】：after 常用在一般过去式的句子中。

He got to Beijing after two hours. 他是两个下时候到北京的。

7. When I first arrived on this island , I had nothing. 当我第一次到这个岛上的时候，我一无所有。

7. Who else is on my island?是谁在我的岛上？【解析】else 其他的；别的【辨析】other /else
(1)other adj.“别的；其他的”修饰n. 放名词前作定语。

On the other hand “另一方面”
(2) else adv.“别的；其他的”放疑问词或不定代词之后。

①. What _____ do you want to say? ②. What ______ thing do you want? A. other B. others C. else
8. How long have they been here? 他们来这里多久了。

【解析】have been (in) 待在某地
⑴have/has gone to“已经去某地了”，说话时该人不在现场，在去的途中或目的地
—Where is Jim？———吉姆在哪里？—He has gone to England．—他去英国了。

（尚未回来）
⑵ have/has been to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。

My father has been to Beijing twice．我父亲去过北京两次。

⑶ have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。

I have been in Shanghai for three years．—Why are you worried? I’m expecting a call from my daughter. She ______ New for three days.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. has been in
D. has come in
—I’d like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia. —I’m sorry, but neither Jack nor I ____ there.
A. have been
B. had been
C. have gone
D. has gone
—Is Tom at home? —No, he ______ to town.A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. will go
9. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. 他们中的一个人死了，另一个朝我的房子这边跑过来了。

【解析1】the other 另一个 , one …the other一个….另一个(仅用两者间)
词条含义用法
other 泛指其他的人、物作形容词或代词，其后接名词的复数形式
the other 指两个人或物中的一个通常用于固定短语one...the other ...中
others 泛指另外几个，其余的是other的复数形式，在句中作主语、宾语
the others 其他东西；其余的人们特指某一范围的“其他的人或物”
another 其他的；再一个；另一个只能用于三个或更多的人或物
10. My family has two dogs. One is white, ________ is black. A. otherB. another C. the other D. others
towards prep. 朝；向；对着（移向某处，只表方向） go/ walk towards ... “走向......”drive towards ... “向.....开去”(辨析) towards / to towards 表示“向着某个方向”，没有“到达”之意
to 一般接在come, go, move 等动词之后，表示“向、往”，有“到达”之意。

11. I named his Friday because that was the day I met him. 我给他起名叫“星期五”、因为我是在（星期五）那天遇到了他。

【解析】name v 命名call 叫做.,.. n. 名字；名称
adj. 位于所修饰的名词之后, “名为......的” = named a boy named Tom=a boy called Tom 一个叫Tom的小孩
12. What do you think of them?你觉得它们怎么样？
【解析】What do you think of,? 你认为,,怎么样？
— What do you think of the documentary A Bite ofChina — ________. It has attracted lots of TV audiences.
A. Enjoy yourself
B. Many thanks
C. Pretty good
D. It's hard to say
【拓展】 think of / think about / think over辨析：
（1）think of, 固定短语，表示“提到（某人、某物、某事或某主意等），考虑，思考，对，.有某种看法”，后接名词，代词、动词-ing形式。

--- What do you think of your Chinese teacher? --- I like her very much.
(2) think of 表示“思考，考虑，对，.有某种看法”时，可以与think about 互换。

What do you think of the movie? = What do you think about the movie?
(3) think of 表示“相出，想着，想起”时，不可用think about 代替。

I always think of my childhood.
(4) think over意为“仔细考虑，认真考虑”，强调思考的程度比think of/ about深。

相当于think about,.. carefully. 其中over是副词，宾语若是名词，则可位于over之前或之后；当宾语是代词时，则必须放在over之前。

Think it over before you do it. 三思而后行
13. When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.
当萨拉还是一个青少年的时候，她常常几乎所有事情都和她的家人争吵。

fight over 就方面,,争吵 fight for + 抽象名词（事业、自由、权利）等“为......而斗争”
get into/have a fight with 和......打了一架
14. But five years ago , while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio. 但是五年前，当她在英国留学时，她在收音机上听到一首充满思乡之情的歌曲。

【解析1】abroad adv 在国外；到国外 My father often goes abroad. abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，
前面不加介词。

go abroad 出国 live abroad 住在国外 at home and abroad 在国内外
【解析2】return = come / go back返回 = give sth back 归还
forget to return it to the library.
returen ... to ... 把.......归还给....... Don’ｔ
【解析3】on the radio 在收音机里；通过无线广播介词on 表示“以......方式”
on the Internet 通过因特网；在网上 on the telephone 通过电话 on TV 通过电视
15. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到事实上她是多么想念他们。

【解析】actually 真实地，事实上 actually 和 in fact 用法的区别 actually adv.
① (无比较级、最高级)实际上,事实上,实际
He looks unpleasant, but actually he is very kind. 他看起来板着面孔,但事实上很和蔼。

in fact 相当于really, truly
No one believed it, but in fact, Mary did pass her exam. 尽管没有人相信，但实际上玛丽确实考试及格了。

前者通常作状语，用于书面语，修饰副词不可单独使用。

后者可作状语或表语，可单独使用，既可用于书面也可
用于口语中。

( ) ________the earth is actually a bit nearer to the sun during our winter. A. actually B. in fact C. real D. /
16. Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music。

从那以后，她成了一名美国乡村音乐爱好者。

【解析】ever since 自从,,以来
ever since 作连词时=since, ever起强调作用 ,主句常用现在完成时.
heard from him ever since last year.
I haven’t heard from him since last year. =I haven’ｔ
Since 后接表示时间点的名词，短语或句子（一般过去式）since 2012 since three years (错误表达)
Since the war/ earthquake, the village has changed a lot. 战争，地震之后，村庄改变了很多。

17. However， country music brings us back to the “good old days “ when people were kind to each other and trusted on
e another. 然而，乡村音乐把我们带回人们彼此友好、彼此信任的“美好旧时代”。

【解析】be kind to 对,,友好= be friendly to kind of “有点儿，有几分”相当于 a little 或a bit
a kind of “一种”all kinds of “各种各样的” different kinds of“不同种类的”
what kind of ,.的种类(用来询问事物的类别) What kind of music do you like?
18. He’s sold more than 120 million records. 他的唱片销量已经超过 1.2亿张。

【解析】million 一百万 hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的 thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的
million n 百万 millions of成百万的【注】：(1)当million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式 (2)当million 后与of 连用时用复数形式， millions of 是数百万的意思，前面不能加数词
【口诀】：具体的不加s 也不加of，不具体的加s 也加of 【记】Three million workers have planted millions of trees 19. I hope to see him sing live one day! 我希望有一天能现场听他唱歌！【解析1】hope v 希望
(1)hope to do sth. 希望做某事I hope ______ (see) you again. (2)hope +that 从句I hope you may succeed
(3)I hope so 我希望是这样 (4)I hope not 我希望不是这样【注】：不能说 hope sb. to do sth
但可以说 wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事 hope/wish辨析:
wish一般表示某种强烈而又难以实现的―愿望， hope表示的是可以实现或能达到的―希望。

①I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快就见到你。

② I wish I （be）back home, I don’t like this place.
【解析2】live 现场直播地；实况直播地
I hope to see the Olypic Games live in 2016! 我希望2016年能到现场去看奥运会。

20. The number of records he has sold. 他已售出唱片的数量。

【解析】 the number of
⑴the number of 表示“,,的数目”，后跟名词复数或代词，其后的谓语动词用单数。

⑵a number of 表示“大量的，许多”，后跟复数名词，其后谓语动词用复数。

a great number of
( ) — A number of students ____ in the dinning hall. — Let me count. The number of the students _____ about 400.
A. are is
B. is are
C. are; are
21. Have you introduced this singer/ writer to other? 你给其他人介绍过这个歌手/作家吗？
introduce v 介绍；引进 (1) introduce oneself to sb. 向某人作自我介绍Let me introduce myself to you.
(2) introduce A to B.把A介绍给 B May I introduce my friend Jim to you?。