仁爱英语八年级U4T1综合复习讲义

Unit 4Topic 1 What's the strongest animal on the farm？
重点短语、句型复习
短语：
22 没有别的地方
句型：
1.I think the countryside is much quieter than the city, too.我认为乡下也比城市更加安静。

2.I think the sheep are the nicest of all.我认为绵羊是最好的。

3.The pigs must be the fattest and laziest animals on the farm.猪一定是农场里面最胖最懒的动物。

4.But now, rain-forests are becoming smaller and smaller.但是现在，雨林正在变得越来越少。

5.--Which do you like better, plants or animals? --I like animals better. --你比较喜欢植物还是动物？--我比较喜欢动物。

6.People can enjoy the beauty of nature there.人们在哪儿可以享受到自然美。

7.They are both important to us. 它们都对我们很重要。

知识精讲
1. 名词复数特殊的几种：
（1）单复数同形的名词有：fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊，Chinese中国人; Japanese
（2）不规则变化：child---children；foot---feet，tooth---teeth牙齿；goose---geese 鹅
mouse---mice老鼠；man---men；woman---women
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如：
an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German（德国人）不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；
（3）只有复数形式的名词：trousers裤子，pants裤子，shorts短裤glasses眼镜，
2. I‘m th inking about life in the countryside. 我在思索乡村生活。

think about意为“考虑，思考”；think of有“考虑，想起”之意，也可表示“认为……怎么样”，表示“考虑时”，二者可互换；think over意为“仔细考虑，深思熟虑”。

如：
仿句：你认为经典音乐怎么样？
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3. They give us joy. 它们给我们快乐。

give us joy = give us happiness/ pleasure (joy= happiness= pleasure 表快乐，都是名词)
4. We share the world with them.
share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物，如：I want to share my happiness with you.
5. Insects feed on plants.
①feed on 以… 为食；Tigers feed on meat. ②live on 以食… 为生：We live on rive
③feed 喂: My job is to feed animals.
feed喂，养feed sth. to sb./sth.把...喂给...吃feed sb./sth. with sth.拿...来喂...
6. Rainforests cover 6% of the earth’s surface.
(1)cover 覆盖；(2) cover… with…, 用…覆盖…,如：He covered his face with a newspaper.
(3) be covered with… 被…覆盖：The land is covered with snow.
数词% +of+可数名词复数,动词用复数;数词% +of+可数名词单数/不可数名词,动词用单数。

Eg: 50% of the students in our class are boys. 70% of the earth is water.
仿句：在冬天大地被雪覆盖。

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7.Which do you like better, plants or animals?你更喜欢哪个，动物还是植物？
like... better更喜欢... Eg:I like apples better.我更喜欢苹果。

like...best最喜欢... Eg: I like bananas best.我最喜欢香蕉。

此句为选择疑问句。

选择疑问句表示说话者对问题提出两个或两个以上的答案，供对方选择其一。

这种疑问句有两种形式：一种以一般疑问句为基础，另一种以特殊疑问句为基础。

供选择的部分用or连接。

Is your mother a teacher or a doctor?你母亲是教师还是医生？
How shall we go there,on foot or by bike?我们怎么去那里，步行还是骑车？
8. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
thousands of 成千上万的… thousands and thousands of 千千万万的（比前者更多）
hundred,thousand,million等接介词of时，为泛指，要加s；若它们前面是基数词，则不能加s，且不能再接介词of。

如：
仿句：我们学校有有两千个学生。

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每年成千上万的人在车祸中丧生了。

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词组：9.both ... and...：表示“…和…(两者)都”。

其谓语动词用复数。

Eg:Both Jane and Tom love this movie.
仿句：她和我都擅长弹钢琴。

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10.be important to sb.对某人来讲很重要
The money is important to everyone,but it’s not the most important.钱对每个人来讲都很重要，但是它却不是最重要的。

11.as we know=it is well known that众所周知
12. They also help to control the climate.
control the climate 控制气候
13. They can’t live without water.
Without 没有，是介词，后不能接句子，只接名词，动名词或代词。

如：
I won’t be happy without her.
14. In fact, water makes up the largest part of the human body.
make up 组成，be made up of 由… 组成, 如：Our team is made up of 11 players.
比较：be made of (from )由…制成
15. We must save every drop of water.
save(1) 节约save money (2) 救save one’s life 救某人的命
drop(1) 动词，掉A bottle dropped onto the floor. (2) 名词，滴a drop of water.
16. Without water, there could be no life on earth.
on earth (1) = in the world 在世界上（2）用于疑问词或否定词后，表“究竟，到底”，如：What on earth did you do that for ?
词组：17.different kinds of各种各样的
18.over = more than 多于,超过Eg:Our class has over/more than50 students.
19. play an important part ( in sth.)在某事中起重要作用
play a part ( in sth.)：（在某事中）起作用;参与（某事）
Eg: He plays an active part in class activities.他积极参加班级活动。

20. They are the oldest type of tigers living in the world.
living in the world（正生活在世界上的）现在分词短语可放所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句(that are) living in the world.
21. They are in danger now.
be + in +名词，用来表示“处于…之中”如：be in danger, be in trouble, be in health.
out of danger脱离危险；英语中，in+表示情绪或者处境的名词：处于某种心态或境地。

in fear处于恐惧中in anger生着气in need在患难中
22. The plants in Picture One are more beautiful than those in Picture Two.
those 在此指代“the plants”。

包含比较级的句子必须是同类事物才能比较，为了避免重复，用that（代单数名词）或those (代复数名词) 代替前面出现的词或短语:
The climate of Kunming is better than Beijing. (改错,天气不能和北京比)→ The climate of Kunming is better than that of Beijing. (that= the climate)
练习：
一、单项选择
1.-Every year _____ of visitors travel to Mount Huang.
-That's right. There were more than two_____ visitors there yesterday.
A. thousand; thousand
B. thousands; thousands
C.thousand;thousands
D.thousands;thousand
2. —____ animals ____ plants can’t live without water. —Quite right!
A.Between; and
B. Both; or
C. Either; or
D. Both; and
3. He shares a mooncake ____ his little sister.
A. for
B. with
C. to
D. on
4.—Zhou Fang, can you finish your homework better with _______ time? —I think I can.
A. few
B. fewer
C. little
D. less
5. It’s hot here. Please keep the windows _______.
A. closing
B. open
C. closed
D. opened
6. It’s ____ to run in the weather with ____ fog.
A. dangerous; thin
B. danger; thin
C. dangerous; thick
D. safe; thick
7. Jim would like to find _______ job because he doesn’t want to work here.
A. a
B. the other
C. one
D. another
8. The eggs in this box are heavier than ____ in that box.
A. those
B. that
C. these
D. the eggs
二、用介词填空
1.It would be very dangerous to play _____fire.
2.You should share your happiness _____your friends.It's important _____them.
3.They will provide us____ money, while we only need to provide places and workers ____make toys.
4.-Do you know that some people kills elephants____their teeth？
-Yes，they're too cruel（残忍的）.
5.It's dark. We have to find a room to live____.
6.Look.A bus is coming！The boy is_____danger.
7.The visitors feed monkeys____ bananas in the zoo.
8.-Why do you keep silent（沉默）？
-Because I am thinking _____what to say.
9. Rainforests provide people____many useful things such as wood, fruit, medicine and so on.
10.The Internet is playing an important part_____ people's everyday life now.
11. They will provide us____ money, but we only need provide places and workers_____ make toys.
12. We should try our best to protect this kind of plant, or they will die____.
13.-What do insects feed____? -They eat plants.
重点语法
一、形容词与副词比较等级的基本用法
【特别注意】比较级前面可以加much, a little, even, far, still, a lot, a bit等来修饰比较级
最高级前面要加the，当最高级前有物主代词或者所有格时不加the
二、形容词与副词比较等级的构成
1.规则变化：
（1.）一般在词尾加—er或—est.如：fresh—fresher—freshest.
（2.）以字母e结尾的形容词，加r或st,如：late—later—latest.
（3.）以重读闭音节结尾的词，词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应双写这一辅音字母，再加er或est.如：big—bigger—biggest.
（4.）以辅音字母＋y结尾的双音节词，先改y为i，再加er 或est.如：happy—happier—happiest.
（5.）部分双音节词和多音节词前面加more或most构成比较级或最高级。

如：careful—more careful—most careful,beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful.
2.不规则变化：
good/well—better—best,little—less—least,many/much—more—most,bad/ill—worse—worst,far—farther/further
—farthest/furthest.
（二.）形容词的比较级和最高级的用法
比较级Ａ＜Ｂ或Ａ＞Ｂ，经常与than搭配，或给出比较的二个内容。

可用much和a little修饰．三者或三者以上比较用最高级，一般给出比较范围．如：of（in）＋…。

(1)例句：①I’m happier than you.我比你更快乐。

②Plants are much more beautiful than animals.植物比动物漂亮的多。

(２)例句：①The boy is the tallest in my class.这个男孩是我们班最高的。

②Lesson Two is the most important of all.第二课是所有中最重要的。

三、形容词与副词比较等级的拓展用法
1.比较级＋and＋比较级或more and more＋比较级（多音节词）“越来越… ”
Eg. richer and richer, more and more interesting
2.The +比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语“越…，越…”
Eg. The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it.
3. Of the two…, the+比较级“两者中较…的” a/an+最高级“非常，很…”
Eg. Of the two apples, he like the bigger.
4.Which is+ 比较级，A or B? “哪个更…”（两者）
Which is+ the+ 最高级，A, B or C? “哪个最…”（三者）
5.one of + the+最高级+复数名词“最…之一”
6. the+ 序数词+ 最高级+ 名词“第几…”
Eg. The yellow River is the second longest river in China.
7.倍数表达方式（比较等级）
A +谓语+倍数+as+原级+as +B
A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than +B
A+谓语+倍数+the+ size/height/ length/width +of + B
Eg. Your school is three times as big as ours.
Your school is three times bigger than ours.
Your school is three times the size of ours.
语法练习①
一、用of, than, in, as填空
1. This table is as big _____ that one.
2. The yellow book is bigger_____ the blue one.
3. Tom is the best student_____ the class.
4.He is the most popular _____ the three.
5.He is the most athletic _____ all.
6.Please do ______ carefully as me.
二、单项选择
( )1. John is my_____ friend of all the classmates.
A. good
B. better
C. best
D. the best
( )2. E-mailing is much _____than long-distance calling.
A. cheap
B. cheaper
C. cheapest
D. the cheapest
( )3. The coat i bought last week is too big for me. I’d like to change it for a_____ on e.
A. small
B. larger
C. nicer
D. smaller
( )4. You know ________ about it than Tom does.
A. even little
B. even less
C. more little
D. more less
( )5. The fifth orange is ________ of all . Give it to that small child.
A. big
B. bigger
C. the bigger
D. the biggest
( )6. This garden is ________ that one.
A. ten times as long as
B. ten times longer as
C. ten times longer as
D. as long as ten times
( )7. Beijing is one of_____ cities in China.
A. very beautiful
B. much beautiful
C. more beautiful
D. the most beautiful
( )8. Who is the _____ , Jim, Li Lei or Ling Feng?
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. much taller ( )9. The earth is getting ________ .
A. warm and warmer
B. warmer and warm
C. warmer and warmer
D. warm and warm
( )10. Allan is one of ________ popular teachers in the school.
A. more
B. the more
C. most
D. the most
三、写出下列形容词的比较级及最高级
四、不定代词用法拓展
原文重现：I like cats best because they are cuter than other animals. other + 名词复数= others
another + 名词单数
another + 数词+ 名词复数
one ... the other ... 一个……另一个……（两个）
some ... (the) others ... 一些……另一些（有无范围）
1.用other、the other、another、others填空
（1）Here are two apples, one is for me, ________ is for you. （2）Children should be taught how to get on well with _______.
（3）What ________ things can you see in the picture?
（4） Would you like ________ cup of tea?
（5）There are forty-five students in our class. Twenty of them are boys, ________ are girls.
（6）He is taller than any ___________ student in his class.
课堂练习②
一、单项选择
1.Blue whales are the largest and heaviest animals in the world, but they _______ the smallest sea animals.
A. feed in
B. live in
C. feed on
D. fed on
2.As we know, water is very important _______ us.
A. of
B. to
C. on
D. with
3.We saw a plane _____ our room.
A. on
B. over
C. above
D. B and C
4.There were _______ animals in the forest many years ago.
A. thousand of
B. thousands of
C. three thousand of
D. three thousands of
5.—You said so much.Do you have________else to say?
—_______ more.
A．something；Anything B．anything；Something C．anything；Nothing
6.It's quite important______us______the wild animals.
A．for；to protect B．to；protecting C．for；protecting
7.（2020·松北模拟）Less is more. People should play ________active part in saving the earth instead of wanting too much from the earth.
A. an
B. /
C. the
8.Trees can protect themselves producing a chemical.
A. by
B. from
C. with
D. in
9.Sometimes Mr. Li feeds his little dog meat and bones. Sometimes he feeds something else it.
A. to; to
B. on; with
C. with; to
D. with; for
10.We should protect the animals ______ danger.
A.on
B.in
C.of
D.at
二、完形填空
Many animals use some kind of “language”. They use signals(信号)and the signals have meanings. For example, when a bee(蜜蜂) has found some food, it goes 1 home. It is 2 for a bee to tell 3 bees where the food is by speaking to 4 , but it can do a little dancing. This tells the bees where the food is and 5 it is.
Some animals show how they feel by making sounds. It is not difficult to 6 . If a dog is angry, it barks(吠). Birds make several different sounds and 7 has its own meaning. Sometimes we humans make sounds 8 . We make sounds like“Oh!”or“Ouch!”to show how we feel about something or when we 9 something on our feet.
We humans have languages. We have words. These words have the meaning of things，actions(行动), feelings or ideas. We 10 give each other information. Writing down words，we can remember what has happened or send messages to people far away.
( )1.A.out of B.on with C.away from D.back
( )2.A.important B.difficult C.necessary D.impossible
( )3.A.each other B.another C.other D.others
( )4.A.it B.him C.them D.themselves
( )5.A.how long B.how far C.how many D.how old
( )6.A.watch B.see C.look D.tell
( )7.A.each B.every C.all D.some
( )8.A.in the same sound B.by different sounds
C.in the same way
D.by different ways
( )9.A.put B.drop C.fall D.set
( )10.A.could B.are able to C.couldn’t D.be able to
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The beauty looks much _______ (thin) than the fat girl, but the fatter girl looks healthier.
2. The baby stopped crying as soon as his young mother _______ (feed) him.
3. It’s easy for people to be ill to live in _______ (wet) places.
4. The hens on the farm _______ (die) last week because of some kind of disease.
5. We must do something to protect the animals from _______ (dangerous).
三、完成句子
仿句：谁是我们班高的学生？
_____________________________________________________________ 仿句：天气变得越来越冷了。

_____________________________________________________________仿句：老虎以肉为食。

_____________________________________________________________ 仿句：东北虎在数量上越来越少。

_____________________________________________________________。