2019-2020新课堂英语选修八北师大版讲义：Unit 23-2 Word版含答案

Period Two Lesson 2Conflict Resolution
Ⅰ.单词自测
1．subscribe v i.订阅(杂志或报纸)
2．appoint v t.任命，委任
appointment n．任命，委任；约定
3．union n．联合会，工会
4．commercial n．(电视)广告
5．nutrition n．营养
6．tip n．有用的建议
7．possession n．私有物品
possess v t.拥有；占有
8．contradict v t.反驳，纠正
contradiction n．反驳，驳斥
Ⅱ.短语自测
1．stand_up_for保护，维护
2．talk_sth.over_with_sb.与……详细讨论……
3．put_forward提议，提出
4．from_then_on从那时起，以后
5．give_in让步，屈服
6．send_for派人去叫……
7．call_in请(某人)
8．have_a_gift_for有……的天赋
9．keep_off减去
10．hold_out(在困境中)坚持
11．by_and_by不久以后
12．call_on要求……介入
13．look_down_on看不起……
14．keep_one's_word遵守诺言
15．come_about发生
1．The_first_time she asks her brother to change channels she is patient.
第一次要求她哥哥换频道时，她很有耐心。

2．The worst thing to_do when someone is angry is to be angry back.
当有人生气时，最坏的事情就是向对方发火。

1．You subscribe to a magazine and you keep getting it late.
你订阅了一份杂志，你一直很晚才拿到。

[归纳拓展]
subscribe v i.订阅；同意，赞成v t.&v i.签名；捐助
subscribe to...订阅……；同意……
subscribe...to...在……上签……；向……捐……
(1)Which journals will the library subscribe_to next year?
图书馆明年会订阅哪些报刊？
(2)To my surprise，he did not subscribe_to_my_proposal.
令我吃惊的是，他不赞同我的提议。

(3)Our manager subscribed_his_name_to the document.
经理在文件上签了名。

(4)He subscribed_a_large_sum_of_money_to the local charity.
他向当地慈善机构捐了一大笔钱。

[语境串记]
We applied to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work.The department manager subscribed to it and subscribed his name to the application form.
我们申请订阅几本对我们的工作有用的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求，并在申请表上签了他的名字。

[即时跟踪]
翻译句子
①I subscribe to one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.
我订了一份日报和一份周刊。

②Tom subscribes to an environmental action group.
汤姆定期捐款给一个环保组织。

2．Do you know I was appointed head of the student union?
你知道我被任命为学生会主席了吗？
[归纳拓展]
(1)appoint v t.任命，委任；约定；指定
appoint sb.(as/to be)...任命某人(为……)
appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n.约会；约定；委任
make/have an appointment with sb.约见某人；与某人约会
(1)One of the duties of the person to be appointed is taking charge of research work.
那个人被指定的任务之一就是负责研究工作。

(2)Rex Tillerson was_appointed_(as/to_be) Secretary of the United States.
雷克斯·蒂勒森被任命为美国的国务卿。

(3)I_make/have_an_appointment_with Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.
我与史密斯医生有约，但是我需要更改一下。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用appoint的正确形式填空
①The manager won't see you unless you make an appointment with him.
②Mr.Black is a careful and experienced engineer，so he is often appointed to finish some challenging tasks.
(2)完成句子
③他任命威廉姆斯作为他在约克市的代理人。

He appointed Williams as/to_be his deputy in the city of York.
④谁将被委任去帮他们完成工程？
Who will_be_appointed_to_help_them with the project?
2．You're always going off with my possessions and not giving them back.
你总是拿走我的物品并且不把它们还给我。

[归纳拓展]
(1)possession n .私有物品；拥有，占有
take possession of 占有，拥有in possession of (某人)占有，拥有
in the possession of sb.＝in one's possession 为某人所有(2)possess v t .具有；控制
be possessed of 拥有，具有，占有
(1)We can't take_possession_of the house until all the papers have been signed.
所有的文件都签字以后，我们才能拥有这房子。

(2)Those buildings are now in_the_possession_of our school.
现在这些楼房归我们学校所有。

(3)She was_possessed_of exceptional powers of concentration.
她有高超的专注能力。

[名师点津]
(1)in possession of “拥有，占有”的主语常是人，表主动。

(2)in the possession of 主语常是事物，表达“被……占有(拥有)”。

[即时跟踪]
(1)句型转换
①Jack is in possession of the keys.
→The keys are in the possession of_Jack.
→The keys are in Jack's possession.
(2)完成句子
②那张画在汤姆手里。

That picture is in_the_possession_of Tom.
③外国游客必须持有护照。

Foreign visitors are required to be in_possession_of a passport.
1．Do you stand_up_for yourself?
你会自我保护吗？
[归纳拓展]
stand up for 保护，维护；支持
stand by 袖手旁观，无动于衷
stand for 支持；代表；意指；象征；容忍
stand out 显眼；出色；突出
(1)Didn't anyone stand_up_for James and say it wasn't his fault?
难道没有人支持詹姆斯，说那不是他的错？
(2)We are not prepared to stand_by and let them close our school.
我们无意袖手旁观，听任他们关闭我们的学校。

(3)We will not stand_for this sort of behaviour，young man!
小伙子，我们不会容忍这种行为！
[即时跟踪]
用适当的介、副词填空
①As is known to all，the letters PLA stand for the People's Liberation Army.
②Yao Ming's height makes him stand out in the crowd and any one can recognize him even in the distance.
2．Do you talk it over with them and put_forward a solution?
你会和他们详细讨论并且提出解决的方法吗？
[归纳拓展]
put forward提出；推荐；将……提前；把钟表拨快
put aside保留；把……放在一边；留出(一段时间)；储存(备用)
put up建造；张贴；安排住宿
put off推迟，延期
(1)She sought out a veteran worker，who put_forward a good idea.
她找到一位老工人，他出了一个好主意。

(2)Charles put_aside his newspaper and got up to answer the door.
查尔斯放下他的报纸起身去开门。

(3)They can put_up at least 6 people for the night at a pinch.
必要时他们至少可以留宿六个人。

[即时跟踪]
(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义
①He put forward a new theory on universe.提出
②He has been put forward as the best man for the job.推举
③My watch was slow，so I put it forward.把(钟表)向前拨
④He was a little annoyed because the proposal he put forward was turned down again.提议
⑤The warm weather has put the harvest forward.提前
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
⑥Don't put off_till tomorrow what should be done today.
⑦The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.
3．Do you give_in and lend them to her?
你会让步并且把它们借给她吗？
[归纳拓展]
give in让步，屈服(to)；上交
give away捐赠，赠送；颁发；泄露
give back归还，送还
give off发出，放出(气味、光、热等)
give out分发；发表，公布；发出(光、热等)；用完，耗尽
give up放弃，中止
(1)They argued back and forth until finally Buzz gave_in.
他们反复争论，直到最后布兹让步为止。

(2)The authorities have shown no sign of giving_in_to the kidnappers'demands.
当局对绑架者的要求没有丝毫让步的迹象。

(3)The news was given_out that our school had done a good job in the 2017 College Entrance Examination.
我们学校在2017年高考中成绩出色的消息已经公布。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①Eventually I gave in and accepted the work on their terms.
②Don't give away to the public when we will start.
③The doctor advised him to give up drinking.
(2)单句改错
④It is difficult to give in smoking.in→up
⑤Although Jane agreed with me on most points，there was one on which she was unwilling to give up.up→in
4．Do you accuse your neighbour of stealing and tell her you'll call_in the police next time?
你会指责你的邻居偷盗并告诉她下一次你会叫警察吗？
[归纳拓展]
call in请(某人)；下令收回，要求退回
call on要求……介入；拜访(某人)；号召
call at停留，停靠；拜访(某地)
call for要求；需要；(去)接(某人)
call off取消；停止进行
call up给……打电话；使想起(往事)；征召(服役)
(1)Police have_been_called_in to help find missing Sandra Day，aged 7.
已经请警察帮忙寻找失踪的七岁小孩Sandra Day。

(2)The government called_on_every_one_of_us_to_protect our environment.
政府号召我们每个人都要保护环境。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①Mary called me _up and said that she would first call at John's house，call for him at seven o'clock in the morning and then call on their English teacher.
玛丽给我打电话说她上午7点钟先到约翰家接约翰，然后一起去拜访他们的英语老师。

(2)完成句子
②成功需要努力。

Success calls_for hard work.
③比赛因天气恶劣被取消。

The game was called_off because of the bad weather.
5．You wanted tips on how to keep_off the weight you've put on watching so much TV!
你需要一些如何减去因为看这么多的电视而增加的体重的建议！
[归纳拓展]
keep off减去；(使……)不接近；远离；避免(吃、喝或吸)……
keep up保持
keep on继续
keep away (from sb./sth.)避开，远离
keep back阻止；隐瞒；扣留
keep up with并驾齐驱；跟上
(1)They decided to keep the shirts 10% off.
他们决定把衬衫减价10%销售。

(2)We've kept_up_our_friendship for over twenty years now.
我们之间的友谊保持了20多年了
(3)It's hard to _keep_up_with the changes in computer technology.
要跟上电脑技术的发展不容易。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用keep短语的正确形式填空
①I'm happy to just keep_on until it is finished.
②The programme is aimed to keep teenagers off drugs.
(2)完成句子
③I don't think I can keep_this_up_any_longer(这事我再也坚持不下去了)．
④The notice said，“Keep_off_the_grass(勿踏草地)”．
6．They just hope that if they hold_out for long enough things will get better by and by. 他们只是希望如果他们坚持得足够久的话，不久之后，事情会慢慢变好起来的。

[归纳拓展]
hold out(在困境中)坚持；伸出(手等)；抱有(希望等)；(食品等)维持
hold on稍等
hold on to紧紧抓住；守住
hold back阻止，阻碍；控制
hold up举起；支撑；耽搁
(1)The doctors hold_out little hope of his recovery.
医生们对他的康复不抱多大希望。

(2)How long will our food supplies hold_out?
我们的粮食还能维持多久？
(3)We held_on_to the original plan to the end.
我们坚持了最初的计划。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①The earthquake in Ya'an can't hold us back!
②Hold on to your dreams and never let go of them.
③I got held up in the traffic on my way here.
(2)完成句子
④我们可以在这里一直呆到我们的储备品用完。

We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold_out.
⑤反叛分子在山区顽抗了很多年。

The rebels held_out in the mountains for several years.
7．If you agree to do something，then make sure it comes_about.
如果你同意做一件事，就要保证它发生。

[归纳拓展]
come about 发生
come across (偶然)碰上；被理解；发现
come to 被想出；共计；达到come up 发生；破土而出；升起；被提及
come out 出现，露出；开花；出版，发行；显出；冲洗(照片等)
(1)I don't know how it came_about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.
我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有一个凹痕。

(2)He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't come_across.
他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。

(3)It suddenly came_to her that she had been wrong all along.
她突然想到她一开始就错了。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①I came across an old friend at the party last night.
②My first novel came out while I was at college.
③Many a quarrel has come about through a misunderstanding.
(2)单句改错
④I wonder how it came
over that he studied very hard but didn't pass this important exam.over →about
⑤I'll be late home tonight because something has just come out at work.out →up
1．The_first_time she asks her brother to change channels she is patient.
第一次要求她哥哥换频道时，她很有耐心。

[归纳拓展]
(1)The_first_time I saw him
我第一次见到他时，他正在努力地工作。

(2)The_day he returned home，his father had passed away.
他到家的那天，他父亲就已经去世了。

(3)He was much better the_last_time I saw him.
上次我见到他时，他好多了。

[即时跟踪]
(1)句型转换
①You are welcome to come back whenever you want to.
→Any_time you want to，you are welcome to come back.
②I knew father was coming as soon as I heard the voice.
→The_moment/minute/instant/second I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.
(2)单句改错
③I thought her nice and honest the first time I had met her.删除had
2．The worst thing to_do when someone is angry is to be angry back.
当有人生气时，最坏的事情就是向对方发火。

[归纳拓展]
(1)I am always the first person to_get_to_the_office.
我总是第一个到办公室的人。

(2)He was the last one to_leave_the_classroom yesterday evening.
昨晚他是最后一个离开教室的人。

(3)She was the only one to_pass_the_driving_test among her classmates.
在她的同学中她是唯一一个通过驾驶考试的人。

[即时跟踪]
用所给动词的正确形式填空
①—The last one to_arrive(arrive) pays the meal.
—Agreed!
②That is the only way we can imagine to_reduce(reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
③Adam Smith was the first person to_see(see) the importance of the division of the labor.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They _appointed_(任命)a new headmaster at our school the other day.
2．What newspaper do you subscribe(订阅) to?
3．The possession(私有物品) of a happiest man may not be the best，but he knows how to enjoy what he has.
4．Your actions contradicted(违背) your principles.
5．Steve gave me some useful tips(建议) on how to take good pictures.
Ⅱ.选词填空
stand up for，put forward，come about，keep one's word，send for
1．The child is running a high fever.We must send_for_a doctor at once.
2．We stand_up_for the cause of liberty and justice.
3．At the meeting，he put_forward a solution to the problem.
4．How did it come_about that he was late for school?
5．The best way to keep_one's_word is not to give it.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这位助手工作非常努力。

她总是第一个来，最后一个离开。

The assistant works very hard.She is always the first to_come and the last to_leave.
2．大多数出色的律师和推销员都有劝说他人的天分。

Most of the best lawyers and salespeople really have_a_gift_for persuasion.
3．现在那些楼房归我们大学所有。

Those buildings are_now_in_the_possession_of our university.
4．第一次和他谈话时，我就知道他会成功。

The_first_time I talked with him，I knew he would succeed.
5．我们吃饭时与他们详谈这件事吗？
Shall we talk_it_over_with them over dinner？
Ⅰ.语境填词
A)用所提供单词的正确形式填空
1．I fell in love with you the moment I saw(see) you.
2．Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her.
3．The gang was caught in possession(possess) of stolen goods.
4．We had to think of a way to_keep(keep) off the infection.
5．Apart from anything else，he comes near to contradicting(contradict) himself.
B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)
6．This morning someone called up from downtown and asked to see me at two o'clock.
7．—Come on！I know you have a gift for music.
—Sorry.But I'm in a bad mood today.
8．I'll go tomorrow and talk it over with Professor Wang.
9．You'll get what you want by and by.
10．She looks down on people who haven't been to college.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It had been more than 25 years since my mom last saw her，and I had never seen her.We had been to Boston many times，but this trip was different.
My mother is white，and my father is black，and her family didn't approve of their marriage.So I've grown up really knowing only my mom's three cousins.I was 14 that summer and meeting my great-aunt Virginia for the first time.We had a nice lunch on Cape Cod.At first it was a bit awkward，as she was talking about other family members I didn't know.As we spent more time talking，I became more and more interested in the stories she was telling.Afterward，we went to her house for dessert.My mom and great-aunt reminisced (追忆往事)，but for my mom it became a reminder of all the lost years.While they were talking，my brother and I went into the basement.She was getting ready to move，and there wasn't much down there，but an old，green metal box caught my attention.Aunt Virginia told me I could have whatever I wanted.She said the first-aid kit (成套工具) was her late husband's，and that he had been a World War II soldier.When I opened the box，all the original medical tools and bandages were intact (完好无损的)．
Many years ago，it was used to treat wounds on the battlefield; now it stays in my room.I'd like to think that it's playing some part in my family ties starting to heal.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

婶祖母送给作者的急救箱让家庭关系开始缓和。

11．What can be inferred about the author's parents?
A．They do not have many friends.
B．They often fight with each other.
C．They moved to Boston after getting married.
D．They have little association with their relatives.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

由第二段中的I've grown up really knowing only my mom's three cousins.I was 14 that summer and meeting my great-aunt Virginia for the first time可知，作者父母的婚姻没有得到外祖父母的同意，所以婚后他们与母亲的亲戚很少来往。

12．What do we know about the first-aid kit?
A．It was damaged in World War II.
B．It was great-aunt Virginia's treasure.
C．It strengthens the author's family ties.
D．It helps the author know more medicines.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

由最后一段中的I'd like to think that it's playing some part in my family ties starting to heal可知，作者认为这个急救药箱使得他的家庭关系开始缓和。

13．What would be the best title for the text?
A．An unforgettable trip to Boston
B．Family stories from World War II
C．My first meeting with great-aunt Virginia
D．A first-aid kit begins to heal a divided family
答案 D
解析标题归纳题。

本文主要讲述了作者的父母因肤色不同结婚而遭到外祖父母的反对，从此家庭关系变得疏远；当作者第一次见婶祖母时，婶祖母送给他一个急救药箱，这使得他们的家庭关系开始缓和。

D项作标题能够概括文章主旨。

B
So many women in this country are obsessed with their weight，and carry around a sad sense that their bodies are never good enough.The crazy idea that being thinner is better is so familiar to most of us.It is the soundtrack we live with：“If I just lost 10 or 20 or 30 pounds，my life would
fall into place—I would finally be in control.” But for some，that low level fixation (痴迷) grows and grows，until it takes over，crossing a line into illness.
Dr.Annie Brewster notes that about 10 million people in the U．S.have an eating disorder，according to the National Institutes of Health，and that 90% are women，and that about 4% of college-aged females have bulimia (贪食症)．About 4.5 % of all American high school students reported in a recent survey admitted that they had vomited (呕吐) or used laxatives (泻药) as a means to lose weight in the past 30 days.According to the Youth Risk Behavior Survey,35% of adolescent girls believed they were overweight and 60% were trying to lose weight.The vast majority of eating disorders go untreated.
But the numbers don't get serious consequences of what an eating disorder involves.For our Listening to Patients series，Dr.Brewster recently conducted and edited an interview with Elizabeth，a 19-year-old college student with bulimia.“ To fully grasp that terror of an eating disorder would take much more than an hour-long interview，” Elizabeth said.“ The struggle for perfection is destructive and unbearable.Not only is this goal an impossible one，but the process is harmful and fatal.An eating disorder makes you feel imperfect，unworthy，ugly，fat and horrible.It strips you of your health，your selfesteem，your life and your soul.It blames you for everything that goes wrong and criticizes you if you can't fix it.You do not need to fix everything.It is not your fault.You don't need to be perfect.You just need to be the best you can be and you don't need to be afraid of who you are.That is true beauty.”
【语篇导读】很多女性为了追求苗条，常常选择一些不利于健康的方式，从而导致身体机能受损。

14．Why are many women not content with their weight?
A．They have broken marriages.
B．They are driven by a social idea.
C．They are dying for good jobs.
D．They have suffered from illness.
答案 B
解析推理判断题。

根据第一段的第二句“The crazy idea that being thinner is better is so familiar to most of us”可知，“越瘦越好”这个荒唐的想法对于我们中的大多数人是那么熟悉。

由此可以推断，很多女性对自己的体重不满意是因为社会认可了“越瘦越好”的观点，故选项B正确。

15．What do the data show in the second paragraph?
A．Most women used laxatives to lose weight.
B．Most college girl students suffered from bulimia.
C．The eating disorder has affected millions of women's lives.
D．Many students with an eating disorder are being treated.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据第二段的“about 10 million people...90% are women”可知，在美国有约1千万受进食障碍影响，其中90%都是女性，由此可知选项C正确。

16．What can we know from Elizabeth's words?
A．She dislikes being interviewed.
B．The eating disorder can't be treated forever.
C．The idea for perfection is a mistake.
D．Health is more important than anything else.
答案 D
解析推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Elizabeth的话可推知，过分追求身材的完美有害于健康，由此可知选项D正确。

Ⅲ.七选五
Not next to me，please!
When you are traveling by plane，there are some passengers you just don't want to have next to you.
A__17__
Perhaps you normally like them，but when you are sitting next to them on a plane it's a different thing.They usually spend all the flight (飞行) moving around and dropping their toys on the floor，and when they're drinking their orange juice it ends up on your trousers.__18__ So you can't have the little sleep that you were planning.
B Conversation makers
You recognize this type as soon as you sit down.They immediately start talking about the plane，or the weather，or they ask you a personal question.It's very difficult not to talk to these people.__19__
C Nervous fliers
These are the people with white faces who sit down and immediately ask for something to drink.Every five minutes they call a flight attendant(服务员)to ask if there are any problems with the plane.__20__The best thing to do is to pretend to sleep.
D Space invaders
__21__But they have a terrible habit of taking up all their room，and some of your room too.They usually sit so that you can't move，with their arms and legs in your space.
A．Small children
B．Careless parents
C．They also tell you about air disasters.
D．These people are not necessarily very big.
E．Then they decide they want to play with you.
F．Some people want to talk all through the flight.
G．You'll probably have to keep talking until the plane lands. 答案17.A18.E19.G20.C21.D。