上海外国语大学翻译专业研究生历年真题

[hide][/hide]1991年上外研究生翻译考试真题
Translate the following passage into Chinese.（25%）
Thus far, our holiday has been simply a friendly sign of the survival of the love of letters amongst a people too busy to give to letters any more. As such it is precious as the sign of an indestructible instinct. Perhaps the
time is already come when it ought to be, and will be, something else; when the sluggard intellect of this continent will look from under its iron lids and fill the postponed expectation of the world with something better than the exertions of mechanical skill. Our day of dependence, our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands, draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life, cannot always be fed on the mere remains of foreign harvests. Events, actions arise, that must be sung, that will sing themselves. Who can doubt that poetry will revive lead in a new age, as the star in the constellation Harp, which now flames in our zenith, astronomers announce, shall one day be the polestar for a thousand years?
(Excerpted from The American Scholar by R.W. Emerson)
II.
Translate the following passage into English.（25%）
海风微微的吹过岛上，白日里剩下的热气全吹走了。

夜晚是很静寂的。

全个岛落在一层柔软的黑暗的网里。

只有深蓝色的天空中闪烁着无数的明星，这里的星似乎比在别的地方都明亮。

人们常常这样说：白天的太阳使这个岛特别明亮，夜里是星子使这个岛特别灿烂。

灯光渐次的灭了。

一些建筑稀落的耸立在黑暗里，被茂盛的树木掩盖着。

路是几条螺旋形的山路，交缠着，从岩石般的山顶蜿蜒的伸下来，到了下面便是比较热闹的街市，这时沿街的商店已经大半关了门。

路再伸过去，那外面一层，靠着码头一带，便是几家旅馆，都是些三层的楼房，从这些新式窗户里射出来较多的灯光在海面上。

1997年上外研究生考试翻译真题
I.
Translate the following passage into Chinese.（25%）
To a professional critic (I have been one myself) theatre-going is the curse of Adam. The play is the evil he is paid to endure in the sweat of his brow, and the sooner it is over, the better. This would seem to place him in irreconcilable opposition to the paying playgoer, from whose point of view the longer the play, the more entertainment he gets for his money. It does in fact so place him, especially in the provinces, where the playgoer goes to the theatre for the sake of the play solely, and insists to effectively on a certain number of hours‟ entertainment that touring managers are sometimes seriously embarrassed by the brevity of the London plays they have to deal in.
For in London the critics are reinforced by a considerable body of person who go to the theatre as many others go to church, to display their best clothes and compare them with other people‟s; to be in the fashion, and have something to talk about at dinner parties; to adore a pet performer; to pass the evening anywhere rather than at home; in short, for any or every reason except interest in dramatic art as such. In fashionable centers the number of irreligious people who go to church, of unmusical people who go to concerts and operas, and of undramatic people who go to the theatre,
is so prodigious that sermons have been cut down to ten minutes and plays to two hours; and, even at that, congregations sit longing for the benediction and audiences for the final curtain, so that they may get away to the lunch or supper they really crave for, after arriving as late as late as (or later than) the hour of beginning can possibly be made for them.
Thus from the stalls and in the Press an atmosphere of hypocrisy spreads. Nobody says
straight out that genuine drama is a tedious nuisance, and that to ask people to endure more than two hours of it (with two long intervals of reliet) is an intolerable imposition.
II.
Translate the following passage into English.（25%）
这几天心里颇不宁静。

今晚在院子里坐着乘凉，忽然想起日日走过的荷塘，在这满月的光里，总该另有一番样子吧。

月亮渐渐地升高了，墙外马路上孩子们的欢笑，已经听不见了；妻在屋里拍着闰儿，迷迷糊糊地哼着眠歌。

我悄悄地披了大衫，带上门出去。

沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。

这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。

荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。

路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树。

没有月光的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。

今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。

路上只我一个人，背着手踱着。

这一片天地好像是我的；我也像超出了平常的自己，到了另一世界里。

我爱热闹，也爱冷静；爱群居，也爱独处。

像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人。

白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。

这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了。

1999 年上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into Chinese（25%）
At this last presidential inauguration of the 20th century, let us lift our eyes toward the challenges that await us in the next century. It is our great good fortune that time and chance have put us not only at the edge of a new century, in a new millennium, but on the edge of a bright new prospect in human affairs -- a moment that will define our course, and our character, for decades to come. We must keep our old democracy forever young. Guided by the ancient vision of a promised land, let us set our sights upon a land of new promise.
The promise of America was born in the 18th century out of the bold conviction that we are all created equal. It was extended and preserved in the 19th century, when our nation spread across the continent, saved the union, and abolished the awful scourge of slavery.
Then, in turmoil and triumph, that promise exploded onto the world stage to make this the American Century. And what a
century it
has
been. America became the world's
mightiest industrial power; saved the world from tyranny in two world wars and a long cold war; and time and again, reached out across the globe to millions who, like us, longed for the blessings of liberty.
Along the way, Americans produced a great middle class and security in old age; built unrivaled centers of learning and opened public schools to all; split the atom and explored the heavens; invented the computer and the microchip; and deepened the wellspring of justice by making a
revolution in civil rights for African Americans and all minorities, and extending the circle of citizenship, opportunity and dignity to women..
Now, for the third time, a new century is upon us, and another time to choose. We began the 19th century with a choice, to spread our nation from coast to coast. We began the 20th century with a choice, to harness the Industrial Revolution to our values of free enterprise, conservation, and human decency. Those choices made all the difference. At the dawn of the 21st century a free people must now choose to shape the forces of the Information Age and the global society, to unleash the limitless potential of all our people, and, yes, to form a more perfect union.
2.
Translate the following into English（25%）
要全面认识公有制经济的含义，公有制经济不仅包括国有经济和集体经济，还包括混合所有制经济中的国有成分和集体成分。

公有制的主体地位主要体现在，公有资产在社会总资产中占优势：国有经济控制国民经济命脉，对经济发展起主导作用。

这是就全国而言，有的地方，有的产业可以有所差别。

公有资产占优势，要有量的优势，更要注重质的提高。

只要坚持公有制为主体，国家控制国民经济命脉，国有经济的控制力和竞争力得到加强，在这个前提下，国有经济比重减少一些，不会影响我国的社会主义性质。

集体所有制经济是公有制经济的重要组成部分。

集体经济可以体现共同致富原则，可以广泛吸收社会分散资金，缓解就业压力，增加公共积累和国家税收。

要支持、鼓励和帮助城乡多种形式集体经济的发展。

这对发挥公有制经济的主体作用意义重大。

2000年上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into Chinese（50%）
It is simple enough to say that since books have classes —— fiction, biography, poetry —— we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticise at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being nulike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a novel —— if we consider how to read a novel first —— are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building: but words are more impalpable than bricks; reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you —— how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.
2.
Translate the following into English（50%）
我们必须从理论上搞懂，资本主义与社会主义的区分不在于是计划还是市场这样的问题。

社会主义也有市场经济，资本主义也有计划控制。

不要以为搞点市场经济就是资本主义道路，没有那么回事。

计划和市场都得要。

不搞市场，连世界上的信息都不知道，是自甘落后。

不要怕冒一点风险。

我们已经形成了一种能力，承担风险的能力。

为什么这次治理通货膨胀能够见效这么快，而且市场没有受多大影响，货币也没有受多大影响？原因就是有这十一二年改革开放的基础。

改革开放越前进，承担和抵抗风险的能力就越强。

我们处理问题，要完全没有风险不可能，冒点风险不怕。

沿海如何帮助内地，这是一个大问题。

可以由沿海一个省包内地一个省或两个省，也不要一下子负担太重，开始时可以做某些技术转让。

共同致富，我们从改革一开始就讲，将来总有一天要成为中心课题。

社会主义不是少数人富起来、大多数人穷，不是那个样子。

社会主义最大的优越性就是共同富裕，这是体现社会主义本质的一个东西。

如果搞两极分化，情况就不同了，民族矛盾、区域间矛盾、阶级矛盾都会发展，相应地中央和地方的矛盾也会发展，就可能出乱子。

2001年上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into English（50%）
中国是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。

中国各族人民共同创造了光辉灿烂的文化，具有光荣的革命传统。

一八四〇年以后，封建的中国逐渐变成半殖民地、半封建的国家。

中国人民为国家独立、民族解放和**自由进行了前仆后继的英勇奋斗。

二十世纪，中国发生了翻天覆地的伟大历史变革。

一九一一年孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，废除了封建帝制，创立了中华民国。

但是，中国人民反对帝国主义和封建主义的历史任务还没有完成。

一九四九年，以毛泽东主席为领袖的中国**领导中国各族人民，在经历了长期的艰难曲折的武装斗争和其他形式的斗争以后，终于推翻了帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的统治，取得了新**主义革命的伟大胜利，建立了中华人民共和国。

从此，中国人民掌握了国家的权力，成为国家的主人。

中华人民共和国成立以后，我国社会逐步实现了由新**主义到社会主义的过渡。

生产资料私有制的社会主义改造已经完成，人剥削人的制度已经消灭，社会主义制度已经确立。

工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民****，实质上即无产阶级**，得到巩固和发展。

中国人民和中国人民解放军战胜了帝国主义、霸权主义的侵略、破坏和武装挑衅，维护了国家的独立和安全，增强了国防。

经济建设取得了重大的成就，独立的、比较完整的社会主义工业体系已经基本形成，农业生产显著提高。

教育、科学、文化等事业有了很大的发展，社会主义思想教育取得了明显的成效。

广大人民的生活有了较大的改善。

中国新**主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，是中国**领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。

我国将长期处于社会主义初级阶段。

国家的根本任务是，沿着中国特色社会主义道路，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。

中国各族人民将继续在中国**领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、**理论和“三个代表”重要思想指引下，坚持人民****，坚持社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义市场经济，发展社会主义**，健全社会主义法制，
自力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，推动物质文明、政治文明和精神文明协调发展，把我国建设成为富强、**、文明的社会主义国家。

在我国，剥削阶级作为阶级已经消灭，但是阶级斗争还将在一定范围内长期存在。

中国人民对敌视和破坏我国社会主义制度的国内外的敌对势力和敌对分子，必须进行斗争。

台湾是中华人民共和国的神圣领土的一部分。

完成统一祖国的大业是包括台湾同胞在内的全中国人民的神圣职责。

2.
Translate the following into Chinese（50%）
A man may usually be known by the b**ads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.
A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness, amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.
Men often discover their affinity to each other by the love they have each for a book. The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together and he, in them.
A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a man's life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters.
Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author's minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.
Books introduce us into the best society, they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe.
The great and good do not die even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens. Hence we ever remain under the influence of the great men of old. The imperial intellects of the world are as
much alive now as they were ages ago.
2002年上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into English（50%）
发展社会主义文化的根本任务，是培养一代又一代有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民。

要坚持以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以高尚的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人。

坚持和巩固马克思主义的指导地位，帮助人们树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，
坚定对马克思主义的信仰、坚定对社会主义的信念、增强对改革开放和现代化建设的信心、增强对党和政府的信任，增强自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、**法制意识和开拓创新精神。

坚持实施科教兴国战略，进一步普及教育，提高教育素质和全社会的教育水平；大力发展科学文化事业。

加强科学知识、科学方法、科学思想、科学精神的宣传教育。

唱响社会主义文化的主旋律，坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务，实行百花齐放、百家争鸣，是发展先进文化必须贯彻的重要方针。

要努力掌握和发展各种现代传播手段，积极推动先进文化的传播。

加强社会主义思想道德建设，是发展先进文化的重要内容和中心环节。

必须认识到，如果只讲物质利益，只讲金钱，不讲理想，不讲道德，人们就会失去共同的奋斗目标，失去行为的正确规范。

要把依法治国同以德治国结合起来，为社会保持良好的秩序和风尚营造高尚的思想道德基础。

要在全社会倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想，增强全国人民的民族自尊心、自信心、自豪感，激励他们为振兴中华而不懈奋斗。

2. Translate the following into Chinese（50%）
Journey into old age
On a May morning in 1979, I opened the door of my New York City apartment and stepped nervously into the hall. As an 85-year-old woman, I was apprehensive. I extended my cane, feeling carefully for the first step of
the stairs.
My legs strained awkwardly. One step…two…three…breathe hard against the wall to catch my breath.
So far, so good, I said to myself.
And then I stopped. Was I overdoing it? Would I really get away with this act? For I w asn‟t really 85. Underneath the trappings of my aged body was the real me, a 26-year-old woman. I was pretending to be so much older because I wanted to find out what it is like to be elderly, and to discover firsthand the problems faced by the elderly.
A s a start I learned how to “age” myself—a complicated procedure requiring four hours. With latex foam giving my face its folds and wrinkles, a heavy fabric binding my body, and an gray wig on my head, I became 60 years older and ready to set forth on my grand adventure.
My destination that first day was a conference ageing in Columbus, Ohio. Out on the street I tried to signal a cab for the airport. Taxi after taxi flashed past, all empty. Did they feel that old ladies don‟t tip well? Finally one stopped.
At the airline ticket counter, I found myself in a line of young business man. “Good morning, sir！” the agent exclaimed brightly to each one. “Have a pleasant trip.” When old-lady-me peered up at him through thick spectacles, however, all I got was a look at my ticker, a mutter of “Columbus” and an abrupt “Next.”
The whole purpose of the conference, attended mostly by young professional, was to study the problems of the elderly. Yet, incredibly, the participants seemed to ignore the only “old lady” in their midst. When one of the young males offered coffee to a group of women, I found myself thinking, What about me? If I were young, he would offer me coffee too.
By day‟s end, I was angry. I had been condescended to, ignored, counted out in a way I had neve r known before. People, I felt, really do judge a book by its cover.
The experience was repeated in my neighborhood drugstore when, as a meek and dowdy old woman, I asked for a stomach
medicine. The owner
merely jerked a
thumb over his shoulder.
”Back there, bottom shelf.”
Peering around, I quavered, “Can you help me find it?”
He looked u in annoyance, walked to the shelf and pointed down. I stooped to pick up a bottle and tried to decipher the small type. “Could you please read the directions for me?” I pleaded.
In irritation, he rattled them off, and them dismissed me with,”OK, that it?” I was afraid to ask him anything more.
The next morning, I returned to the store as confident, 26-year-old Pat Moor.
“Good morning,” the owner greeted me cheerfully.“How can we help you today?”
I used exactly the same words in asking for the stomach medicine.
“Oh,” he said, smiling, “it‟s right over here.” Escorting me to the shelf, he kneeled down, picked up a bottle and carefully explained the directions, the sizes in which it came and the priced, Then he rang up the same and wished me a fine day.
As I walked out of the store, my heart cried for the older woman. I could understand how she would become defensive and intimidated.
2003 年上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into English（75 分）
丁玲幼年就领略了世态炎凉，目睹过封建社会人们悲惨的遭遇。

是“五四”运动的浪潮，把她推向广阔的社会，青年时代的丁玲一步入文坛，就显露出非凡的才华。

三十年代“左联”时代血与火的洗礼造就了她更坚强的性格。

她曾遭受敌人的绑架囚禁，也曾活跃在西北战场的枪林弹雨中。

华北农村土地改革的风浪孕育了长篇名著《太阳照在桑干河上》。

新中国诞生后，她满腔热情地为繁荣社会主义文艺事业辛勤奔波。

她脚下的路过于崎岖。

多次错误的批判，横空飞来的“**”、“右派”帽子，曾严重地伤害过她。

在北大荒，在狱中，在太行山，丁玲顶着巨大的压力，默默无闻地工作着，送走了二十多年宝贵的光阴。

然而，谈起往事，丁玲总是说：“我受难的时候，党和人民也在受难”，“我搜索自己的感情，实在找不到更多的抱怨。

”
七十五岁时重返文坛，丁玲没有时间为自己的遭遇呻吟叹息。

她就像年轻人一样急切地捧出了一枝报春的红杏——《杜晚香》，忘情地投入新的生活和创作。

她奔波于大江南北，游历于欧、美、澳大陆，会见各种人，发表演说，奋笔疾书，写散文，写评论，每年都有十多万字的新作，每年都有新书问世。

晚年的丁玲，迎来了一个宝贵的创作旺盛期。

她珍惜夕阳的余辉，计划在有生之年一生再写三本书：《魍魉地狱》、《在严寒的日子里》和《风雪人间》。

她要把自己一生几个重要时期的经历和感受，把对人民的爱，对敌人的恨，都熔入笔端倾泻在新作中。

2.
Translate the following into Chinese. （75分）
What‟s Your Best Time of Day?
Most of us seem to reach our peak of alertness around noon. Soon after that, alterness declines, and sleepiness may set in by mid-afternoon.
Your short-term memory is best during the morning —— in fact, about 15 percent more efficient than at any other time of day. So, students, take heed; when faced with a morning exam, it really does pay to review your notes right before the test is given.
Long-term memory is different. Afternoon is the best time for learning material that you want to recall days, weeks or months later. Politicians, business executives or others who must learn speeches would be smart to do their memorizing during that time of day. If you are a student, you would be wise to schedule your more difficult classes in the afternoon, rather than in the morning. You should also try to do most of your studying in the afternoon, rather than late at night. Many students believe they memorize better while burning the midnight oil because their short-term recall is better during the wee hours of the morning than in the afternoon. But short-term memory won‟t help them mu ch several days later, when they face the exam.
By contrast, we tend to do best on cognitive tasks —— things that require the juggling of words and figures in one‟s head ——during the morning hours. This might be a good time, say, to balance a checkbook. Your manual dexterity ——the speed and coordination with which you perform complicated tasks with your hands —— peaks during the afternoon hours. Such work as carpentry, typing or sewing will be a little easier at this time of day.
What about sports? During afternoon and early evening, your coordination is at its peak, and you‟re able to react the quickest to an outside stimulus —— like a baseball speeding toward you at home plate. Studies have also shown that late in the day, when your body temperature is peaking, you will perceive a physical workout to be easier and less fatiguing ——whether it actually is or not. That means you are more likely to work harder during a late afternoon or early evening workout, and therefore benefit
more from
it. Studies involving swimmers, runners, short-putters and rowing crews have shown consistently that performance is better in the evening
than in the morning.
In fact, all of your senses —— taste, sight, hearing, touch and smell —— may be at their keenest during late afternoon and early evening. That could be why dinner usually tastes better to us than breakfast and why night lights irritate us.
Even our perception of time changes from hour to hour. Not only does time seem to fly when you‟re having fun, but it also seem s to fly even faster if you are having that fun in the late afternoon or early evening, when your body temperature is also peaking..
While all of us follow the same general pattern of ups and downs, the exact timing varies from person to person. It all de pends on how your “biological” day is structured —— how much of a morning or night person you are. The earlier your biological day gets going, the earlier you are likely to enter ——and exit ——the peak times for performing various tasks. An extreme morning person and an extreme night person may have circadian cycles that are a few hours apart. Each of us can increase our knowledge about our individual rhythms. Learn how to listen to the
inner beats of your body; let them set the pace of your day. You will live a healthier —— and happier —— life.
2005上外研究生考试翻译真题
1.
Translate the following into English（75分）
孔子曰：“三人行，则必有我师。

”老师和学生并没有什么不可逾越的界限。

在这门知识上老师高于学生，在另一门知识上，学生也可能高于老师；今天老师高于学生，明天学生可能高过老师。

这也是辩证法，对立面的统一。

礼记的《学记》有一段著名的话，意思也和这相近：“学然后知不足，教然后知困。

知不足，然后能自反也。

知困，然后能自强也。

故曰：教学相长也。

” 这就是在今天说来，也还是颠扑不破的。

“教育者必先受教育”，这个道理说来很浅显，但是人们在实际生活中却很不容易承认。

特别是当老师当久了的人，就很不容易接受这个辩证法。

老师们不容易接受这个道理，倒也事出有因。

“弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子”，虽是封建思想的代表者韩愈所提出来的一个观点，但是在封建时代却并不通入。

正好相反，“天地君亲师”，在封建时代，老师是同“天地君亲”在一起，居高临下。

老师毕竟是老师，师道尊严，神圣不可侵犯。

这个观点相沿成习。

新的师生关系，是“不耻相师”，彼此平等，不分尊卑，真正是“道之所存，师之所存”，谁有学问谁就是老师。

圣人无常师，师亦无常道，就是当老师的并不经常等于真理。

一个当老师的人，既要勇于坚持自己的真理，又要勇于承认自己的非真理，同学生们一道来为科学真理奋斗。

2.
Translate the following into Chinese（75分）
Outside my window the night is struggling to wake; in the moonlight, the blinded garden dreams so vividly of its lost colours. The white-washed wall is brilliant against the dark-blue sky. The white walls of the house coldly reverberate the lunar radiance. The moon is full.
The moon is a stone; but it is a highly numinous stone. Or, to be more precise, it is a stone about which and because of which men and women have numinous feelings. Thus, there is a soft moonlight that can give us the peace that passes understanding. There is a moonlight that inspires a kind of awe. There is a cold and austere moonlight that tells the soul of its loneliness and desperate isolation, its insignificance or its uncleanness. There is an amorous moonlight prompting to love - to love not only for an individual but sometimes even for the whole universe. But the moon shines on the body as well as, through the windows of the eyes, within the mind. It affects the soul directly; but it can affect it also by obscure and circuitous ways - through the blood. Half the human race lives in manifest obedience to the lunar rhythm; and there is evidence to show that the physiological and therefore the spiritual life, not only of women, but of men too, mysteriously ebbs and flows with the changes of the moon. There are unreasoned joys, inexplicable miseries, laughters and remorses without a cause. Their sudden and fantastic alternations constitute the ordinary weather of our minds. These moods, are the children of the blood and humours. But the blood and humours obey, among many other masters, the changing moon. Touching the soul directly through the eyes and, indirectly, along the dark channels of the blood, the moon is doublya divinity.
Even if we think of the moon as only a stone, we shall find its very stoniness potentially a numen.
A stone gone cold. An airless, waterless stone and the prophetic image of our own earth when, some few million years from now, the senescent sun shall have lost its present fostering power.... And so on. This passage could easily be prolonged-a Study in Purple. But I forbear. Let every reader lay on as much of the royal rhetorical colour as he finds to his taste. Anyhow, purple or no purple, there the stone is-stony. You cannot think about it for long without finding, yourself invaded by one or other of several essentially numinous sentiments. These sentiments belong to one or other of two contrasted and complementary groups Sentiments of Human Insignificance Sentiments of Human Greatness.
2006年上外研究生考试翻译真题
英汉互译
I. Translate the following into English (75分)
我们搭小火轮去广州。

晚上十点钟离开香港。

开船的时候，朋友A在舱外唤我。

我走出舱去，便听见A说：“香港的夜是很美丽的，你不可不看。

”
我站在舱外，身子靠着栏杆，望着那渐渐退去的香港。

海是黑的，天也是黑的。

天上有些星子，但大半都不明亮。

只有对面的香港成了万颗星点的聚合。

山上有灯，街市上有灯，建筑物上有灯。

每一盏灯就像一颗星，在我的肉眼里它比星子更明亮，更光辉。

它们密密麻麻的排列着，像是一座星的山，放射着万丈光芒的星的山。

夜是静寂的，柔和的。

从对面我听不见一点声音。

香港似乎闭了它的大口。

但是当我注意到那一座光芒万丈的星的山的时候，我又仿佛听见那许多灯光的私语了。

因为船的移动，灯光也似乎移动起来。

而且电车汽车上的灯也在飞跑。

我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像他们在追逐，在说话。

我的视觉和听觉混合起来。

我仿佛造用眼睛听了。

那一座星的山并不是沉默的，在那里正奏着伟大的交响乐。

我差不多到了忘我的境界……
船似乎在转弯。

星的山愈过愈变得窄小了。

但我的眼里还留着一片金光，还响着那美丽的交响乐。

II. Translate the following into Chinese (75分)
The fact is that, as a writer, Faulkner is no more interested in solving problems than he is tempted to indulge in sociological comments on the sudden changes in the economic position of the southern states. The defeat and the consequences of defeat are merely the soil out of which his epics grow. He is not fascinated by men as a community but by man in the community, the individual as a final unity in himself, curiously unmoved by external conditions. The tragedies of these individuals have nothing in common with Greek tragedy: they are led to their inexorable end by passions caused by inheritance, traditions, and environment, passions which are expressed either in a sudden outburst or in a slow liberation from perhaps generations-old restrictions. With almost every new work Faulkner penetrates deeper into the human psyche, into man‟s greatness and powers of self-sacrifice, lust for power, cupidity, spiritual poverty, narrow-mindedness, burlesque obstinacy, anguish, terror, and degenerate aberrations. As a probing psychologist he is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelists. Neither do any of his。