2015年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题_真题-无答案

2015年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题
(总分100,考试时间120分钟)
V ocabulary and Grammar
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that **pletes the sentence.
1. The plans for the new office and apartment building were ________ a few weeks ago.
A. drawn to recede
B. drawn out
C. drawn up
D. drawn in
2. TV, if properly used, can ________ a child‟s imagination.
A. stimulate
B. arouse
C. incite
D. arise
3. Those battered old trousers of his are a ________ joke to all his friends.
A. steady
B. standing
C. stable
D. persisting
4. We wondered how the information was ________ to the press before it was officially announced.
A. dropped
B. seeped
C. leaked
D. dripped
5. As you can see, this is a highly ________ computer system.
A. intelligible
B. absorbing
C. harmonized
D. sophisticated
6. It‟s widely known that first aid is________ important and you can save lives if the right action is taken.
A. terribly
B. hardly
C. scarcely
D. rarely
7.  ________ they sometimes swim alone, dolphins usually congregate in large groups, often numbering in the hundreds.
A. Why
B. Although
C. Even
D. Nevertheless
8. Louisa May Alcott published her first book, Flower Fables, ________ of fairy tales,in 1854.
A. which a collection
B. a collection was
C. a collection
D. in which a collection
9. Copper ________ used by humans and is second only to iron in its utility through the ages.
A. the first metal
B. was the first metal
C. the first metal that
D. being the first metal
10. Shoddy goods at the exhibition will be sold at a reduced rate on a ________ bases.
A. money
B. change
C. dollar
D. cash
11. The students are allowed to take only such books ________ really necessary.
A. as are
B. as they are
C. as when
D. as if
12. ________ his parents‟ objections, he would have become an artist.
A. It had not been for
B. Hadn‟t it been for
C. Had it not been for
D. If had not been for
13. Under no circumstances ________ to sell the land.
A. will agree
B. they will agree
C. will agree they
D. will they agree
14. It suddenly ________ on me that I had turned to the wrong person for help.
A. dawned
B. occurred
C. happened
D. known
15. During his next race, in the last 100 meters he________ power and was beaten.
A. came out of
B. ran out of
C. became out of
D. went out of
16. Writing has given her a broader ________ on human nature.
A. prospect
B. aspect
C. perspective
D. interpretation
17. Cars are involved in many accidents, and they ________ heart disease.
A. contribute to
B. attribute to
C. tribute to
D. result from
18. Because he did a very poor job and came up with bad results, his boss felt that he hadn‟t ________his responsibilities.
A. lived up to
B. put up with
C. looked forward to
D. gone in for
19. The bad news deprived them________ the hope that there was a safe and socially approved road to success and happiness.
A. from
B. with
C. about
D. of
20. Barnes ________ to involuntary manslaughter, and on May 29, 1981, a judge gave him three years in prison.
A. pleaded guilt
B. admitted guilt
C. pleaded guilty
D. admitted guilty
21. The early chill of approaching winter mingles with the ________ warmth of summer so that on dry days the air becomes alive.
A. remaining
B. delaying
C. loitering
D. lingering
22. I‟m afraid that cloth with a loose ________ will not wash well.
A. shape
B. texture
C. material
D. structure
23. One of the problems our government has to deal with is the ________ of the growing number of plastic containers.
A. dissolution
B. disposal
C. disappearance
D. disposition
24. The tap is ________ because it needs a new washer.
A. dribbling
B. ripping
C. running
D. dripping
25. Has he changed his mind again? I wish he‟d at least be ________.
A. persistent
B. consistent
C. constant
D. compatible
26. She obviously had no ________ of discouraging the individual growth and self-respect of the students.
A. desire
B. intention
C. ambition
D. willingness
27. We are not sure why she didn‟t go into the advanced class, but we ________ she failed the English Proficiency Test.
A. predict
B. deduce
C. induce
D. suspect
28. The unfair criticism left Norman quite ________ with anger.
A. spellbound
B. speechless
C. silent
D. mute
29. The zoo attendant opened the cage and tried hard to ________ the tigers back in.
A. pacify
B. reassure
C. induce
D. coax
30. As a rule, Dad is generous, but as a businessman, he usually drives a hard ________.
A. negotiation
B. deal
C. bargain
D. agreement
Reading Comprehension
Section 1
Directions: Read the following passages and then choose the best answer in each of the questions following them.
Passage AWhich is safer—staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about **pared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal(1984).Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal.Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵）,which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction on exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.
31. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home.
B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.
C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.
D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
32. Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ________.
A. they are very rare
B. they often cause loss of life
C. they always occur in big cities
D. they arouse the interest of all the readers
33. According to passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ________.
A. Texas city
B. Flixborough
C. Seveso
D. Mexico City
34. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ________.
A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can‟t be stored in a great quantity
C. poisonous substance, which can‟t be used in overcrowded areas
D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks
35. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that ________.
A. to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry
C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken
D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
Passage BWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such **plex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems.Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the m other‟s blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we cannot see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than **plicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute,and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest.The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.
36. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.
B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.
C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.
D. There are no connection between mother‟s nervous systems and her unborn child‟s.
37. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ________.
A. she is emotionally shocked
B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance
C. she takes part in all kind of activities
D. she sticks to studying
38. According to the passage, a child may inherit ________.
A. everything from his mother
B. knowledge of mathematics
C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence
D. her mother‟s musical ability
39. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ________.
A. surely become musician
B. mostly become a poet
C. possibly become a teacher
D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music
40. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Role of Inheritance.
B. An Unborn Child.
C. Function of instincts.
D. Inherited Talents.
Section 2
Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and forma. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the **mon talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society‟s moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people‟s lives.Live Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction, the show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual‟s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your workweek, to getting to know your pared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show‟s main target audiences are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life‟s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show‟s exploitation.While the two sh ows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
41. What do you think of the Jerry Springer and the Oprah **pared with other TV talk shows? List some words to support yourselves.
42. What kinds of characteristics are contained in Jerry Springer talks and Oprah Winfrey talks respectively?
43. Why are Jerry Springer talks and Oprah Winfrey talks so popular?
If you want to know why Denmark is the world‟s leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen—mind the bicyclists—to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland. You‟ll fell it as you cross the 6.8 km—long Great Belt Bridge: Denmark‟s bountiful wind, so fierce even on a calm summer‟s day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below. But wind itself is only part of the reason. In Lem, workers in factories the size of aircraft hangers build the wind turbines sold by Vestas, the **pany that has emerged as the industry‟s top manufacturer around the globe. The work is both gross and fine; employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building, and assemble engine housings that hold some 18,000 separate parts. Most impressive are the turbine‟s blades, which scoop the wind with each sweeping revolution. As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection, each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg, and they‟re what help make vestas‟ turbines the best in the world. “The blade is where the secret is,” says Erik Therkelsen, a vestas executive. “I f we can make a turbine, it‟s sold.”But technology, like the wind itself, is just one more part of the reason for Denmark‟s dominance. In the end, it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader—and to follow through. Beginning in 1979, the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry. Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs, and guarantees loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas. It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price—thus guaranteeing investors a customer base. Energy taxes were channeled into research centers, where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas‟ 3-magawatt (MW) V90 turbine.As a result, wind turbines now dot Denmark. The country gets more than 19% of its electricity from the breeze (Spain and Portugal, the next highest countries, get about 10%) and **panies control one-third of the global wind market, earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch. “They were out early in driving renewables, and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job-creation leader,” says Jake Schmidt, international climate policy director for the New York City-based Natural Resources Defense Council. “They have always been one or two steps ahead of others.”The challenge now for Denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up. Beyond wind, the country (pop. 5.5 million) is a world leader in energy efficiency, getting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E.U. Carbon emissions are down 13.3% from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved, even as Denmark‟s eco nomy continued to grow at a healthy clip. With Copenhagen set to host all-important U.N. climate change talks in December—where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol—and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere, Denmark‟s example couldn‟t be more timely. “We‟ll try to make Denmark a showroom,” says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen. “You can reduce energy use and carbon emission, and achieve economic growth.&rd quo;It‟s tempting to assume that Denmark is innately green, with the kind of Scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a
pleasant global citizen since, oh, the whole Viking thing. But the country‟s policies were actually born from a different emotion, one now in common currency: fear. When the 1973 oil crisis hit, 90% of Denmark‟s energy came from petroleum, almost all of it imported. Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world, Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation, to the point of introducing car-free Sundays and asking business to switch off lights during closing hours. Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again, and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea. It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient. But unlike most other countries, Denmark never forgot the lessons of 1973, and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply. The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standard to support more efficient buildings. “It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment,” says Svend Auken, the former head of Denmark‟s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country‟s environmental policies in the 1990s. “But today there‟s a consensus that we need to build renewable power.”To the rest of the world, Denmark has the power of its example, showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time. “Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience, not just painful,” says NRDC‟s Schmidt. The real pain **e from failing to follow in their footsteps.
44. What does the author mean by “Denmark‟s example couldn‟t be more timely”?
45. According to the passage, what is the origination of Denmark‟s energy-saving policies? Writing
46. For this part, you are required to write a composition of about 400 words entitled “Say No to Chinese in English Class”.。