英语阅读理解精读100篇UNIT23

TEXT ONE
Traditional media may be declining in much of the rich world, but in poor countries it is booming. The growth in private media in developing countries has spurred much of the demand, as has new technology. That is stoking journalism training in far-flung places, in many shapes and sizes. They range from full degree programmes to the short-term specialist training offered widely across Asia, Africa and Latin America. Groups offering such courses include the BBC World Service Trust, the Reuters and Thomson Foundations, the Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR) and Internews Network, a media-development charity based in America.
These days the donors are particularly interested in niches, such as investigative reporting and science writing. But that approach sometimes flops. The need for basic reporting skills is still central. Trainers stress the need for flexibility. Participants in the courses praise the results, while complaining about the lack of focus and co-ordination among some providers. Shapi Shacinda, the Reuters correspondent in Zambia and chairman of the press club in the capital, Lusaka, says that foreign-backed training in business and economic reporting has helped bring more sceptical coverage. Previously, news stories used to be taken straight from officials' statements, he says.
But governments are harder to teach. Encouraging students to probe sensitive topics may threaten their lives or livelihoods. An Iraqi journalist trained by and working with the IWPR was shot dead earlier this year. Just this week, Zambia's minister of information asserted that state-run media should not criticise the government. In Russia, an organisation founded by Internews has been closed by the authorities, who were apparently suspicious of its American backing. Rich-country governments can be a problem too. Some try to influence the “messages” that trainers deliver, for example by insisting that their diplomats talk to classes on a regular basis. The big training groups insist that they control their own content. Blurring the boundaries can be dangerous both for journalists and the programmes that support them, he notes. But others may be less choosy.
More is not always better. Quality varies wildly. Places like Bangladesh and Rwanda have been showered with training in recent years. Gratitude is mixed with the wish for better co-ordination. David Okwemba of Kenya's The Nation newspaper, who also helps train journalists, bemoans overlap between courses and providers' failure to share information.
Some courses aspire loftily to build democratic societies through a free press. The BBC trust says it aims to give a say to the common man by holding institutions—public and private—to account. Such a range of goals makes measuring
results difficult. Teaching how to point a camera or write a news story may be easy compared to raising awareness of broader issues such as HIV/AIDS.
Many old news hands scoff at the notion of formal journalism education. A well-stocked and inquiring mind plus sharp penmanship are the main assets, they reckon. But even the most grizzled veterans of rich-world journalism still seem glad to earn extra money tutoring tyros in poor countries.
1. Traditional media is booming in poor countries because of the following reason except_____
[A] the private media is developing at a fast pace.
[B] the new technology provides technical foundation.
[C] there are many journalism trainings in various shapes and sizes.
[D] the demand for traditional media has been in steady increase.
2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the present training in those poor countries?
[A] The trainers are paying more attention on skills of investigative reporting and science writing.
[B] The courses are mostly extensive rather than being insentive.
[C] The training puts emphasis on the flexibility of basic reporting skills.
[D] Some trainees are satisfactory with the training courses while some are complaining.
3. Shapi Shacinda think foreign-backed training in business and economic reporting has helped bring more skeptical coverage because_____
[A] there is a conservative tradition of news reporting in these countries.
[B] the foreign-backed training is skeptical about the previous news stories in these countries.
[C] there exist some problems in the concept of news report in these countries.
[D] the governments order that news stories should be taken from officials’ statements.
4. From the third paragraph, it can be inferred that Shapi Shacinda thinks_____
[A] the training is in short of teaching the tactics to deal with different government.
[B] it is still common for governments of less-developed countries to interfere with journalism.
[C] the training had better not involve itself into unnecessary disputes.
[D] the training should stress more on journalism independence from the government. 5．Towards the journalism training , the attitudes of veterans of journalism can be said to be _____
[A] critical.
[B] despicable.
[C] inconsistent.
[D] supportive.
篇章剖析：
这篇文章主要讲述了贫穷国家传统媒体培训的情况。

第一段讲述了目前在贫穷国家传统媒体培训盛行；第二段讲述受训者的看法；第三段讲述这些国家新闻报道存在的问题；第四段讲述培训的质量问题；第五段讲述一些课程的目的；第五段讲述资格较老新闻记者对培训的态度。

词汇注释：
flop v. 彻底失败bemoan v. 哀叹
scoff v. 嘲笑penmanship n. 写作技巧
grizzled adj. 头发灰白的tyro n. 新手
难句突破：
(1)Shapi Shacinda, the Reuters correspondent in Zambia and chairman of the press
club in the capital, Lusaka, says that foreign-backed training in business and economic reporting has helped bring more sceptical coverage.
[主体句式] Shapi Shacinda says that …
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，that引导的是宾语从句。

The Reuter…是主语的同
位语。

[句子译文] Shapi Shacinda是路透社驻赞比亚的记者，也是赞比亚首都卢萨卡新闻局的主席，他认为外国公司提供的商业、经济新闻报道培训会使学员们学会以质疑的态度去报道新闻。

(2)David Okwemba of Kenya's The Nation newspaper, who also helps train journalists,
bemoans overlap between courses and providers' failure to share information.
[主体句式] David Okwemba bemoasn overlap…
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，who引导的是定语从句修饰主语。

[句子译文] 肯尼亚报纸《国家》的David
Okwemba也参与了对记者的培训，他哀叹道这些培训机构一方面提供了课程，而另一方面培训师却没能与学员共享信息。

题目分析：
[答案] C
[难度系数]☆☆☆
[分析] 根据第一段“Traditional media may be declining in much of the rich world, but in poor countries it is booming. The growth in private media in developing countries has spurred much of the demand, as has new technology”，因此A、B、D 选项都符合该行业在贫穷国家兴盛的原因。

而C选项是以上趋势发展的结果，而不是原因，因此C选项是正确答案。

[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆☆
[分析] 推理题。

B选项为正确答案，因为文中提到“The need for basic reporting skills is still central. Trainers stress the need for flexibility”以及“the lack of focus and co-ordination”，可见培训CONTENT涉及到了基本的技巧，但是不够深入和集中。

A选项错误是因为这只是培训者们的态度，而不是培训的实际情况。

C错误在于“flexibility of basic reporting skills”，文中“flexibility”和“basic reporting skills”是并列的关系。

D是干扰选项，对应于文章的“Trainers stress the need for flexibility. Participants in the courses praise the results, while complaining about the lack of focus and co-ordination among some providers”，可见满意和抱怨的是同一批人，不是两种人。

[答案]A
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 推理题。

根据第二段，因为这些报道和以前的这类报道来源和风格都不同，以前直接官方文件中提取，因此比较保守，结合第四段可以得出就是因为这种保守的传统才使得这种报道很可疑。

答案为A选项。

[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆ [分析] 推理题。

第三段中Shapi Shacinda
认为后台是外国的商业、经济新闻报道培训会带来更为怀疑的报道，而且该段中也举了很多例子说明各国政府（包括发达国家和发展中国家）如何控制媒体和新闻报道，因此可以看出，在这些国家新闻行业仍然受到政府控制。

答案为B 选项。

[答案]B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆☆ [分析] 推理题。

根据最后一段“Many old news hands scoff at the notion of formal journalism education”，他们嘲笑正是的新闻教育这个概念，因此其态度是否定和蔑视的。

选项A 有一定的干扰性，因为说他们的态度是critical 某种程度上也是说得通的，但是不如B 选项更加精确和恰当。

参考译文：
在许多富有国家，传统媒体可能已经在走下坡路了，但是在一些贫穷国家这个行业却依然兴盛。

发展中国家私有媒体的增长刺激了对科技的需求。

在许多地方都出现了各种形式和规模的新闻培训。

在亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲既有完整
的学位课程，也有短期的专家培训。

提供这些课程的机构包括BBC世界服务信托公司、路透社和汤姆森基金会、战争与和平报道协会以及总部设在美国的发展慈善机构“新闻网”。

最近，参加新闻培训的学员对一些特殊领域特别感兴趣，比如研究式的报道和科学写作。

但是这种方法有时却会遭到彻底失败。

核心CONTENT还应该是最基本的报道技巧。

同时培训师也强调灵活的必要性。

参加这些课程的学员们对还是满意的，但却抱怨一些培训师没有集中的主题，缺乏配合。

Shapi Shacinda是路透社驻赞比亚的记者，也是赞比亚首都卢萨卡新闻局的主席，他认为外国公司提供的商业、经济新闻报道培训会使学员们学会以质疑的态度去报道新闻。

他说以前有的报道经常是直接从官方文件中摘抄过来的。

但是要教育政府是很困难的。

而鼓励学生去探究敏感话题可能威胁到他们的生命或是使他们丢掉工作。

曾接受过战争与和平报道协会的培训并为此工作的一位伊拉克记者今年年初被枪杀了。

就在本周，赞比亚信息大臣称国家运营的媒体不应当批评政府。

在俄罗斯，由“因特新闻”创立的一个机构已经被当局关闭，显然是当局怀疑其美国背景。

富裕国家的政府也可能是一个问题。

一些国家试图对学员报道的“信息”施加影响，比如说这些国家会坚持让其外交官经常与各阶层的人谈话。

大型培训机构坚持认为他们能够控制自己的CONTENT。

混淆界限对于记者或者支持他们的项目来说都是很危险的。

但是其他人可能就不那么挑剔了。

更多并不意味着更好。

其中质量有很大差异。

近年来孟加拉国和卢旺达等地涌现了大量的新闻培训。

人们在感激之余，又企盼这些项目能有更好的协作。

肯尼亚报纸《国家》的David Okwemba也参与了对记者的培训，他哀叹道这些培训机构一方面提供了课程，而另一方面培训师却没能与学员共享信息。

一些课程希望通过自由的媒体可以建立民主社会。

BBC信托认为其目标就是通过举办公共或私人机构来赋予普通民众说话的权利。

这样的目标使得评价效果非常困难。

与提高公众对于更为广泛的问题（如艾滋病）的意识相比，教授如何瞄准相机或者撰写一篇新闻故事更简单一些
许多新闻老手都嘲笑正式新闻教育这个理念。

他们认为博学、好问的头脑加上好的写作技巧，这才是最重要的资本。

但是对于在贫穷国家教授新手来取得外快这样的好事，即使是新闻界资格最老的记者也会乐于此类兼职。

TEXT TWO
Like a medieval holy man, or modern hippie, Robert Macfarlane sets out for the remote parts of the northern and western British isles, sea-sprayed islands, craggy mountains and great bog plains. He wants to experience wildness. There is not an icy pool he will not plunge into or tree he would not climb. He picks up shards of roughened granite and smooth flints and turns them in his hand. He says: “We have in many ways forgotten what the world feels like.”
A Cambridge academic, who has previously written about men's fascination with mountains, Mr Macfarlane does not forsake civilisation. On the two occasions that the elements threaten him—on the summit of Scotland's northernmost mountain and at the foot of a remote Hebridean climb—he briskly retreats. In scholarly fashion, his urge is to map, to classify and to name. He present s his travels as a “story map” (medieval forebear of the Ordnance Survey grid map) connected by incident and historical anecdote. As a narrative ruse, it is a little too cute. As, indeed, is Mr Macfarlane's beautifully worked but sometimes monotonous prose. Nonetheless, this is indeed a good book, replete with wonderful tales.
Like that of Schiehallion: a Scottish mountain so resembling an isosceles triangle that an 18th-century mapmaker used its measurements to estimate the density of the Earth. Or of W.H. Murray, a chronicler of Scotland's hills, who kept his sanity in a Nazi prison-camp by describing them on toilet paper. Or, perhaps the strangest, a metaphoric connection that Mr Macfarlane makes between the holloways of Dorset—lanes deep-trodden into its yellow sandstone—and the 16th-century recusant Catholics who skulked in the county.
Predictably, Mr Macfarlane comes to realise that every place in Britain's crowded archipelago is swamped in human history. Its empty margins have been cleansed of large populations: western Ireland by 19th-century famine and emigration; northern Scotland by 19th-century emigration and evictions. He adjusts his idea of wildness. It is not nature unsullied, but nature itself: “the sheer force of ongoing organic existence, vi gorous and chaotic.”
Like many English poets, he comes to find “visions in ditches”. A lichen-encrusted hawthorn trunk appears as a “shaggy centaur's leg”. But British nature is everywhere depleted. Of 6,000 acres (2,400 hectares) of surface limestone pavement, 200 remain undefaced. Since the second world war, a quarter of a million miles (about 400,000km) of hedgerows have been erased; another 2,000 miles disappear each year.
As the climate warms, more terrible change is threatened. Scottish sea-bird colonies are already starving, as their prey heads north for colder waters. Every year, almost an acre of Essex salt-marsh, a precious flood-defence, is lost to the rising seas. England's last great beech woods, Mr Macfarlane worries, may wither in his lifetime: 50-year-old trees are showing signs of a decline typically found in trees three times as old.
There may be no hope of arresting this change. Yet Mr Macfarlane consoles himself with the thought that nature, endlessly changing, will not all die. The beech woods, too, will move north. And when people are gone, nature will remain. “The wild prefaced us, and it will outlive us.” It is a depressing hope.
1．According to the passage, Robert Macfarlane went traveling in the remote areas of Britain in order to_____
[A] make a story map similar to the Ordnance Survey grid map.
[B] combine trips to nature with academic concerns.
[C] explore the areas with no trace of human beings.
[D] release the fascination of nature that is forgotten by humans.
2. The word “forsake” (Line 2, Paragraph 2) probably mean _____
[A] dislike.
[B] abandon.
[C] detach.
[D] disconnect.
3. According to the passage, the story of Schiehallion is _____
[A] similar to those which are represented in Mr Macfarlane’s book.
[B] a fictitious one in the Ordnance Survey grid map.
[C] a historical tale adopted into Mr Macfarlane’s book.
[D] a story in the history book on 18th-century.
4. From the fact that Mr Macfarlane described a hawthorn trunk as a “shaggy centaur’s leg”, it can be inferred that_____
[A] he is a good story teller.
[B] he is a poet full of imagination.
[C] he is always indulged in fantasy.
[D] he is very romantic.
5. Towards the future of the nature, Mr Macfarlane’s attitude can be described
as_____
[A] pessimistic.
[B] optimistic.
[C] ambiguous.
[D] unclear.
篇章剖析：
这篇文章主要讲述了Robert Macfarlane的探险旅行。

第一段讲述了Robert Macfarlane旅行的一些基本情况；第二段讲述Macfarlane的叙述风格；第三段讲述书中具体的故事；第四、五段描述了书中的一些CONTENT；第六段讲述目前自然发生的一些变化；第七段讲述Macfarlane对这些变化的看法。

词汇注释：
shard n. 碎片granite n. 花岗岩
flint n. 燧石forsake v. 抛弃ruse n.诡计
isosceles triangle n. 等腰三角形metaphoric adj. 隐喻性的, 比喻性的recusant adj. 不服权威的skulk v. 躲藏
archipelago n. 群岛eviction n. 驱逐
lichen n. 青苔hawthorn n 山楂
centaur n 人首马身的怪物deface v. 损坏外观
难句突破：
(1)Or, perhaps the strangest, a metaphoric connection that Mr Macfarlane makes
between the holloways of Dorset—lanes deep-trodden into its yellow sandstone—and the 16th-century recusant Catholics who skulked in the county. [主体句式] Or perhaps the strangest, a metaphoric connection.
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，也是一个省略句，省略了is；that 引导的是定语
从句修饰connection; who 引导的定语从句用来修饰Catholics。

[句子译文] 最奇怪的或许是Macfarlane将Dorset 道路——即一种深陷在黄色砂岩的小路——与16世纪不服权威的天主教徒躲藏在乡村里做了一种隐喻性的联系。

(2) England's last great beech woods, Mr Macfarlane worries, may wither in his lifetime: 50-year-old trees are showing signs of a decline typically found in trees three times as old.
[主体句式] England’s last great beech woods, Mr Macfarlane worries, may wither …[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，Engliand’s last great beech wood may wither…是句子的宾语从句。

[句子译文] Macfarlane先生担心英国最后的大毛榉树森林可能会在他的有生之年消失殆尽，而仅有50年树龄的树木竟出现了本来三倍于该年龄的树上才会有的衰退迹象。

题目分析：
[答案] C
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 推理题。

根据第一段和第二段“There is not an icy pool he will not plunge into or tree he would not climb. He picks up shards of roughened granite and smooth flints and turns them in his hand. He says: “We have in many ways forgotten what the world feels like.”和“On the two occasions that the elements threaten him—on the summit of Scotland's northernmost mountain and at the foot of a remote Hebridean climb—he briskly retreats”，可见Robert Macfarlane想要经历荒野的感觉这才是
[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆ [分析] 猜词题。

根据文章第二段，“A Cambridge academic, who has previously written about men's fascination with mountains, Mr Macfarlane does not forsake civilisation”，文章接下来谈到虽然他迷恋自然，但是却用非常精细的语言描述它（in scholarly fashion ），可见他也没有因为对自然的热爱而放弃文明，因此正确答案为B 选项。

[答案] C
[难度系数] ☆ [分析] 推理题。

根据第三段和第四段过渡的部分“Nonetheless, this is indeed a good book, replete with wonderful
tales”和“Like that of Schiehallion: a Scottish mountain so resembling an isosceles triangle that an 18th-century mapmaker used its measurements to estimate the density of the Earth”，首先第三段最后说他的书中有许多奇妙的故事，接着第四段就举了这样的例子，因此，答案为C 选项。

[答案]C
[难度系数] ☆☆
[分析] 推理题。

根据第六段提到Like many English poets, he comes to find “visions in ditches”，也就是说Macfarlane先生像诗人一样，诗人总是充满幻想，因此，C选项最为符合。

B选项具有较大的干扰性，但是要注意Macfarlane 先生并不是一个诗人。

[答案] A
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 态度题。

根据最后一段“There may be no hope of arresting this change. Yet Mr Macfarlane consoles himself with the thought that nature, endlessly changing, will not all die”，从这句话中看出他的态度似乎还是有一点点乐观的，但是文章紧接着又指出“The beech woods, too, will move north. And when people are gone, nature will remain. “The wild prefaced us, and it will outlive us.””以及“It is a depressing hope”，可见只有人类消失了自然才能够恢复，可见他的态度还是相当悲观的，这在最后“depressing”这个词也可以看出。

答案为A。

参考译文：
Robert Macfarlane像个生活在中世纪的神人，又像是现代嬉皮士，他奔向英国北部和西部岛屿最荒凉的地，海水泼溅着岛屿，陆地上是崎岖的大山和巨大的沼泽地。

他想要经历荒野的感觉。

遇到任何一个冰湖他都会投身而入，看到任何一棵树他也都会纵身跳跃。

他会捡起粗糙的花岗岩碎片和平滑的碎石放在手里。

他说: “我们在很多方面都忘记了世界是什么样子的了。

”
作为剑桥大学的一位学者，Macfarlane之前写过人们对于山的迷恋，他并不抛弃文明。

他曾经受到过两次生命威胁，一次是在苏格兰最北面的山峰上，还有一次在赫布里底群岛的山脚下，但是他都迅速地逃过了危险。

他以学术派的风格来勘查、分类和命名。

他将自己的旅行描述为“故事图”（陆地测量部网格地图的中世纪鼻祖），旨在把历史和偶发性事件串联起来的。

作为一种叙述技法，这好像有点过于装腔作势。

实际上，Macfarlane那精美但有时有些单调的文字也存在这样的问题。

不过，这实际上是一本充满了奇思妙想的好书。

比如Schiehallion的故事，这座苏格兰山脉太像等腰三角形了，一位18世纪的绘图人曾用它的尺寸来测量地球的深度。

W.H. Murray的故事也很有意思，他
是一位苏格兰山脉的年代记编者，被关在纳粹集中营时，他通过在草纸上记录这些山脉来保持自己的心智清醒。

最奇怪的或许是Macfarlane将Dorset 道路——即一种深陷在黄色砂岩的小路——与16世纪不服权威的天主教徒躲藏在乡村里做了一种隐喻性的联系。

Macfarlane先生后来意识到英国人居住的每个群岛都有人类的历史。

因为西爱尔兰在19世纪的饥荒和迁徙，以及北苏格兰在19世纪的迁徙和驱逐，空旷的边远地区已经被抹去了人口繁茂的迹象。

他由此改变了自己对于荒野的看法，认为荒野不是没有被玷污过的自然，而是自然本身：“使有机存在持续下去的那种有力而混乱的绝对力量。

”
像许多英国诗人一样，他发现了“沟壑中的幻想”。

一颗布满青苔的山楂树看起来就好像是“怪兽毛茸茸的腿”。

但是英国的自然到处都呈衰败的状态。

6000英亩（2400公顷）石灰石公路中只有200英亩的外观没有被损坏。

二次世界大战后，100万英里的灌木树篱中有1/4（约40万公里）被清除掉了，之后每年消失2000英里。

随着气温的升高，我们受到更多可怕变化的威胁。

苏格兰海鸟群已经在逐渐饿死，因为它们的猎物都到北方去寻求更冰冷的水。

每年都有几乎一大片艾塞克斯的含盐沼泽地因为海平面升高而消失，而那是珍贵的洪水防堤。

Macfarlane先生担心英国最后的大毛榉树森林可能会在他的有生之年消失殆尽，而仅有50年树龄的树木竟出现了本来三倍于该年龄的树上才会有的衰退迹象。

也许没有希望阻止这种变化了。

但是Macfarlane先生安慰自己说，自然在永无止尽地变化着，不会死亡的。

而毛榉树林也会向北移动。

当人们都消失的时候，自然就会恢复了。

“荒野揭开了我们的序幕，也会比我们存活时间更长。

”这是多么让人压抑的希望啊。

TEXT THREE
The past few years have not been kind to Wall Street's equity analysts. Accused of helping to inflate the internet bubble, new regulations were imposed upon them after it popped. Research budgets subsequently tumbled. Fund managers are increasingly bypassing the widely distributed wares of traditional research providers, turning to specialist firms instead. Less than six months ago, Merrill Lynch's head of research complained that Wall Street analysis was being “Napsterised”, or pirated. Some big financial firms, such as Prudential, have closed their research arms. Others are pondering their future in the business. To cap it all, a recent study suggested that it was all too easy for companies to buy the loyalty of those who cover their stock. The analyst's heyday would seem to be long gone.
But times are changing again. As markets sputter, analysts are regaining some clout. American shares plummeted on August 28th partly because Merrill Lynch's Guy Moszkowski cut his rating on several banks. Another Merrill analyst had earlier caused an even bigger quake by downgrading Countrywide, a big mortgage lender. And shares in Bear Stearns leapt when Dick Bove, an analyst with Punk Ziegel, merely pondered the possibility that the broker might receive a cash infusion from a foreign investor.
One explanation for this revival of influence is that, with markets so febrile, any shift in opinion is bound to have an exaggerated effect. But there may be more to it than that. As uncertainty grows, investors seem to be placing a higher value on research than they did only months ago. There is nothing new in this, reckons Mr Bove, a 40-year veteran of the industry. He asserts that nobody cares what analysts think in the good times, when what matters is deploying your money as quickly as possible. But the tables quickly turn when markets fall, as investors seek to steady their portfolios. Mr Bove argues that the golden age for equity analysts was the long bear market of the 1960s and 1970s, when advice on how to avoid losing money was highly treasured.
Another factor is the loss of faith in “quant” funds, which trade using complex computer models. Their recent problems have pushed investors back towards “more bottom-up, fundamental analysis”, says Lara Warner, head of American research at Credit S uisse. “People suddenly want to understand what they're holding.”
Recent structural changes also play a part. Since the “Global Settlement” of 2003, which severed the links between investment banks' dealmakers and their research departments, the banks have begun to tie analysts' pay more closely to performance. Bold calls earn bigger bonuses, if they prove correct. Ideas that stand out, and are thus valuable to hedge funds seeking “alpha” (above-market) returns, are also rewarded. The audacity of some analysts stands in contrast to the spinelessness of Moody's and Standard & Poor's, which showered complex structured products with top-notch ratings and then twiddled their thumbs until they could no longer avoid downgrading them. By growing too cosy with their paymasters in structured products—the banks that package them—the rating agencies have ended up hopelessly in knots. A bit like equity analysts during the dotcom boom, in fact.
1. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statement is true about the Wall Street’s equity analysts?
[A] Their value were severely doubted and criticized by all.
[B] They were accursed of exaggerating the values of the internet stocks.
[C] They were facing the reverse trend of their business popularity.
[D] Big firms were beginning to abandon them.
2. The result of the study mentioned in the first paragraph implies that_____
[A] the company need not Wall Strett’s equity analysis any more.
[B] the stock holders are less depandent on the equity analysts.
[C] suggestions by the Wall Street euqity analysts are worthless.
[D] shareholders are more sophisticated after the internet bubble popped.
3. The analysts are regaining their influence recently because of the following reasons except_____
[A] the investors need more suggestions on their portfolios.
[B] the market is now turning to be more tolerant of analysts’ exaggeration.
[C] the analysts are separated with the banks.
[D] the quant funds have some problems in trading.
4. Who are more likely getting high pays f rom the banks after the “Global Settlement”?
[A] analysts who provide bold calls on the equity.
[B] analysts who could bring good returns for the funds.
[C] analysts who could provide correct evaluations.
[D] analysts who could hedge funds.
5. The rating agencies are a bit like equity analysts during the dotcom boom in
that_____
[A] they tend to inflate the value of internet stocks.
[B] they have too close association with their clients.
[C] they have not evaluated the structrued products properly.
[D] they were reluctant to downgrade their products.
篇章剖析：
这篇文章讲述了华尔街股票分析师面临的一些情况；第一段讲述了人们对股票分析师的批评；第二段讲述目前大家对股票分析师的态度又有了新改变；第三、四、五段是发生新变化的原因；第六段讲述分析师目前的特点。

词汇注释：
heyday n. 全盛期clout n. 影响
sputter v. 发劈啪声febrile adj. 发热的
portfolio n. 资金组合quant n. 运用数学和相关学科的专家
难句突破：
(1) And shares in Bear Stearns leapt when Dick Bove, an analyst with Punk Ziegel, merely pondered the possibility that the broker might receive a cash infusion from a foreign investor.
[主体句式] And shares in Bear Sterns leapt when Dick Bove merely pondered the possibility…
[结构分析]
这是一个复合句，when引导的是句子的时间状语；在该时间状语中that
引导的是possibility的佟韦钰从句。

[句子译文] 而Punk Ziegel 的分析师Dick Bove仅仅考虑了股票经纪人有可能会接受外国投资者的融资，这就使得Bear Stearn股票出现了震荡。

(2) Mr Bove argues that the golden age for equity analysts was the long bear market of the 1960s and 1970s, when advice on how to avoid losing money was highly treasured.
[主体句式] Mr Bove argues that…
[结构分析] 这是一个复合句，that
引导的是宾语从句；该从句中，when引导的是时间状语从句。

[句子译文]
Bove先生认为股票分析师的黄金时期是上世纪60年代到70年代的长期熊市，当时那些有关如何避免资金损失的建议得到很高的评价。

题目分析：
[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆☆
[分析] 细节题。

主要要理解 “helping to inflate the internet bubble”
的意思，“吹大了网络泡沫”，就是将网络股票估值过高。

因此答案为B选项。

A 和D选项的表述都过于绝对，不符合文章的原文。

C选项有一定的干扰性，但是要注意文章第一段最后一句话指出“The analyst's heyday would seem to be long gone”，从would seem to 可以看出这是一个虚拟语气、表示假设的状况，因此该选项错误。

[答案] D
[难度系数] ☆
[分析]推理题。

第一段提到“To cap it all, a recent study suggested that it was all too easy for companies to buy the loyalty of those who cover their stock”，即
研究表明公司们以前想要买到股民们的忠诚真是太简单了，那么现在股民们就不会这样了，因此，选项中D符合题意。

[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 细节题。

A选项，文章第三段中提到了这点；D选项,
第四段提到了这点；C选项，第五段提到了这点。

而B对应于第三段的“One explanation for this revival of influence is that, with markets so febrile, any shift in
opinion is bound to have an exaggerated
effect”，即“这种影响重新恢复的原因是市场处于高热状态，任何观点的变化都会产生扩大的效果”，这与选项的表述相左。

因此，答案为B选项。

[答案] B
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析]
细节题。

根据第五段，那些观点正确且声音很大的分析师收益高，A只涉及一个方面；对套期保值基金有价值的的分析师的意见也可以由高回报，那么B选项是正确的。

[答案] C
[难度系数] ☆☆☆
[分析] 推理题。

根据最后一段“By growing too cosy with their paymasters in structured products—the banks that package them—the rating agencies have ended up hopelessly in knots. A bit like equity analysts during the dotcom boom, in
fact”，评级机构和结构产品的发薪商过于勾结，最终不能给予产品正确评级，就和网络时代分析师过高评估股票一样，因此答案为C选项。

参考译文：
过去的几年对于华尔街的股票分析师们可不是好过的日子。

他们被人们指责过分夸大了网络泡沫，因此在泡沫破灭后政府就出台了限制他们的一些法规。

研究预算下降了，基金经理不再关心传统研究提供那种到处都有的服务了，而是转向了专业公司。

6个月前，美林公司研发主任抱怨说华尔街的分析是“孤注一掷的”，或者说是剽窃的。

一些大的金融公司如Prudential已经关闭了其研究部门。

其他的也正在考虑该行业的未来会如何发展。

近期的一项研究表明，公司们想要买到股民们的忠诚真是太简单了。

分析师的全盛时期已经不复存在了。

但是形势又发生了变化。

随着市场的回转，分析师又开始产生了一定的影响。

因为美林公司的Guy Moszkowsk调低了对几家银行的评级，美国股票于8月28日大幅下跌。

另外一位美林公司的分析师因为降低了大型抵押贷款公司Countrywide的评级，引发了更大的震动。

而Punk Ziegel 的分析师Dick Bove仅仅考虑了股票经纪人有可能会接受外国投资者的融资，这就使得Bear Stearn股票出现了震荡。

分析师影响重新恢复的原因在于市场处于高热状态，任何观点的变化都会产生扩大的效果。

但是可能还有别的原因。

随着不确定性的增加，投资者现在比以前更加看重研究。

该行业一位有着40年经验的Bove先生认为这不是什么新现象。

他认为在经济好的时候没有人关心分析师们在想什么，那时候关键就是如何最快地部署资金。

但是一旦市场砸盘，一切就都变了，投资者们就开始寻求如何将自己的资金组合稳定住。

Bove先生认为股票分析师的黄金时期是上世纪60年代到70年代的长期熊市，当时那些有关如何避免资金损失的建议得到很高的评价。

另外一个因素就是人们丧失了对“理学”基金的信心，这些基金利用复杂的计算模式来进行投资。

基金最近出现的问题将投资者推回到“更加至下而上的基础分析”，美国瑞士信贷研究主任Lara Warner说。

“人们忽然想要知道他们手里拿的是什么了。

”
最近的结构变化也起到了一定的作用。

2003年的“全球调整”切断了投资银行和研究部门的联系，自此后银行开始将分析师的公司与其业绩更加紧密联系在一起。

如果观点正确的话，声音越大赚的红包就越多。

而比较突出的对那些寻求a利润（高于市场）的基金那些有价值的突出想法也受到奖励。

一些分析师的大胆与穆迪以及标准普尔指数的分析师的胆小形成了对比，后者摆出高等级的复杂结构产品，然后开始扭手指直到不得不降级。

因为在结构产品中与发薪商（打包结构产品的银行）过于勾结，评级机构最终得到的都是失望。

就好像在网络繁荣时代的股票分析师一样。

TEXT FOUR
Photosynthesis is the basis of life on Earth. Thermodynamics is the order and disorder in the universe. Put them together and you have the makings of a book that may re-order the way you think about the world. And that is what Oliver Morton, news editor at Nature (and who once worked for this paper), has done.
Mr Morton's thesis is that modern biology has become so focused on the movement of information, in the form of genes, that it has neglected the processes needed to move that information around: in essence, thermodynamics. People talk glibly of “using up”。