2020-2021学年英语人教版必修3课件：Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar

11．Time is like a burning candle, and ________ not be wasted. However, that doesn't necessarily mean you have to spend all your time working.
12．—________ you make so much noise? —Sorry. I'll take care not to. 13．—Is there any flight to New York? —I think there ________ be, for it is snowing so heavily.
8．—Your colleague said she couldn't help me because she had got much work to do.
—Well, she ________ say that because she always uses that excuse.
9．—We want someone to design the art museum for us. —________ the young fellow have a try? 10．—What do you mean by this? —No need for you to worry about your money and be angry with me. You ________ get it this afternoon.
考点五 must 的用法 1．表示“必须”，语气比 should, ought to 强烈。其否定形 式为 mustn't (不准，禁止)。以 must 开头的一般疑问句的肯定回 答中要用 must, 否定回答中要用 needn't/don't have to。如： You must practise your spoken English if you want to improve. 如果你想提高，就必须练习英语口语。 —Must we hand in our exercises today? 我们必须今天交作业吗？ —Yes, you must./No, you needn't. 是的，必须交。/不，不必交。
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2．表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would 表示 更委婉的语气。如：
Would you mind opening the window for me? 请你为我打开窗户好吗？
3．表示习惯、倾向，意思是“总是，习惯于”。will 指现 在，would 指过去。如：
Fish will die without water. 鱼离开水总是要死的。 She would sit there for hours watching ships. 她过去总是坐在那里几个钟头看船。
(2)用于第一、第三人称的疑问句，表示征求对方意见。如： Shall I fetch the hammer? 要我去拿锤子吗？ Shall those goods be sent to you at once? 这些货马上给你送过去吗？
2．should 的用法 (1)表示劝告或建议，意思是“应该”。如： Children should be told the truth. 孩子应该得知事实。 (2)用于第一人称时，可表示说话人谦逊、客气、委婉的语 气。如： I should advise you not to follow his words. 我应该建议你不要听他的话。
4．—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. 5．The children ________(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. 6．It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. 7．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ________(drink) too much at the party last night.
考点四 shall 与 should 的用法 1．shall 的用法 (1)用于陈述句的第二、第三人称，表示允许、许诺、警告、 命令、决心、威胁等。如： You shall have that book tomorrow. 你明天可以拿到那本书。(许诺) You shall fail if you don't work harder. 如果你不更加努力学习，你就会不及格。(警告)
2．表示猜测，意为“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句。 此时 could 是 can 的过去式。如：
—Can the news be true? 这消息是真的吗？ —It can't be true. 它不可能是真的。
表示能力时 be able to 和 can 可换用；但 be able to 可用 于多种时态，且可指经过努力才“能够”，can 无此用法。
Unit 1
Festivals around the world
Section Ⅲ Grammar
语法详解 ——情态动词(Ⅰ)—— 考点一 can 与 could 的用法 1．表示能力，意为“能，能够”。此时 could 是 can 的 过去式。如： I can speak English while he can't. 我会说英语而他不会。
14．I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
15．—The bus left five minutes ago. —I am sorry. I ought ________ have waked you up.
3．may 用于祈使句表示愿望或祝愿。如： May you have a good journey! 祝你旅行愉快！ May you succeed! 祝你成功！
考点三 will 与 would 的用法 1．表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称，will 指现在，would 指 过去。如： I will tell you all about it. 我乐意告诉你一切。 She said that she would buy a car. 她说她想买辆汽车。
2．表示把握很大的肯定推测，只能用在肯定句中，意思是 “一定，准是”。如：
She must be tired after such a long walk. 走了这么长的路，她一定累了。 He must be sleeping now. 现在他肯定正在睡觉。
3．表示固执，意为“偏要”，指不愉快的事。如： The machine must break down at this busy hour. 正忙的时候机器偏偏坏了。
would/used to
He would go to the park as soon as he was free. 过去，他一有空就去公园。(现在有可能还去) And from that day on, Mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice. 从那天起，妈妈总是躲进做针线活的房间练习。(具有反复 性) She used to get up at six in the morning. 她过去常常早上六点起床。(过去的习惯动作) Father used not to be so forgetful. 父亲过去没这么健忘。(父亲现在很健忘)
1．The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed. 2．—What are you doing this Saturday? —I'm not sure, but I ______ go to the Rolling Stones concert. 3．—You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain. —Well, I don't know. It ________ do.
答案与解析 1．wouldn't would 表示一种倾向或性能， would 指过去。 句意：无论她怎么用力推，门都不好打开。根据句意可知填 wouldn't。
2．might 根据 I'm not sure 可知用 might (也许，大概)。句 意：——你打算本周六做什么？——我不清楚，但我也许会去听 Rolling Stones 的音乐会。
(3)表示对现在、将来、过去情况的推测，意为“可能，该”。 如：
They should be there by now, I think. 我想他们现在可能在那儿了。 (4)表示惊异，意为“竟然”。如： It's strange that he should have done such a thing. 他做这样的事太奇怪了。
4．表示惊异、怀疑或不相信的态度，主要用于疑问句和否 定句。如：
How can you be so impolite? 你怎么能这么没礼貌？ 5．表示某地或某人一时的特点，意为“可能会”。如： The machine can be hard to operate. 这台机器有时候会很难操作。
考点二 may 与 might 的用法 1．表示允许、许可。might 在语气上比 may 更委婉。对以 may/might 开头的问句的肯定回答用 may/can，否定回答可用 can not，表示明确的禁止时可用 mustn't。如： You may keep the book for 2 weeks. 这本书你可以看两周。 —May I use your telephone? ——我可以用你的电话吗？ —Yes, you may./No, I'm afraid you can not. ——是的，可以。/不，恐怕不可以。
2．表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”。用于肯定句。might 语气更加不肯定，指现在或将来。如：
I think he may/might come tomorrow. 我认为明天他可能会来。 I thought you might like something to read, so I bought some books for you. 我想你可能喜欢读点东西，因此我买了些书给你。
6．couldn't couldn't “不可能”。句意：不可能是词汇引 起练习中的困难，因为你知道很多词。
3．表示请求和许可。此时 could 不是过去式，而是表示更 委婉的语气，回答时只能用 can。如：
You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 —Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的电脑吗？ —Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。
3．might might 表示“大概，也许”。句意：——你不必 带伞。天不会下雨。——噢，我不知道。也许会吧。
4．can't can't have done “不可能发生过”。句意：——你 的眼睛为什么那么红？你昨晚肯定没睡好。——是的，我熬夜在 写一篇报道。
5．must have got must have done “过去肯定发生过某 事”。句意：孩子们肯定在树林里迷了路；否则，他们会按原计 划在湖边野营。