裕兴版新概念英语第二册笔记第二课

Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
单词讲解
关键句型
课文讲解
练习
温习
补充内容
一．单词讲解
New words and expressions
until prep. 直到
outside adv. 外面
ring （rang rung）v. （铃、等）响
aunt n. 姑、姨、婶、舅妈
repeat v. 重复
★1. until
prep. 直到。

时候
till 直到（多用于口语）
eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺倒吃午饭的时刻。

The street is full of cars from morning till/to night. 这条街上从早到晚的挤满了车辆。

conj. 直到。

时候（后面加句子）
eg. I stayed in bed until he woke me up. 直到他把我唤醒我一直躺在床上。

I didn’t get up until he woke me up. 直到他把我唤醒我才起床。

until 主句中动词为延续性动词时用until
not…until 主句中动词为非延续性动词时用not…until
eg. I will wait for you until you come back. 我会一直等到你回来。

I won’t leave until you come back. 直到你回来我是可不能走的。

eg. We stayed until the rain stopped. 咱们一直等到雨停为止。

We didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了咱们才动身。

★n./adj./adv./prep.
1) n.
eg. the outside of the house 屋子的外面
2) adj.
eg. an outside toilet 户外的茅厕
outside help 外来的帮忙
3）adv.
eg. It was dark outside. 外面很黑。

Please wait outside. 请在外面等候。

Don’t go outside because it’s too cold. 不要出去因为太冷了。

4）prep.
eg. It’s outside my business. 这不关我的事。

反义词：inside n./adj./adv./prep.
★3. ring
1) n. 环状物，（尤指）戒指
a wedding ring 婚戒 a diamond ring 钻戒 a gold ring
dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈
ring-road 环状公路
ring finger 无名指
大拇指：thumb 食指：index finger; the first finger; pointer
中指：middle finger; the second finger; 无名指：ring finger; the third ginger 小拇指：little finger; pinkie
have a ring on the middle finger （engaged 订亲）
have a ring on the third finger (married 已婚)
2）v. (铃，等)响
ring – rang – rung
eg. The door bell rang just now. 方才门铃响了。

I rang the bell. 我按响了门铃。

Will you answer the phone when it rings? 响的时候你去接好吗？
3）v. (=. call) 打
ring sb (up) 给某人打
=call sb (up) = phone sb = telephone sb
give sb a phone call
eg. I’ll ring you later. 我会晚点给你打。

ring off: put down the receiver; hang off 挂断
eg. He rang off before I could explain. 我还没说明他就挂断了。

★n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母
uncle 叔叔，舅舅，姨父，姑父
brother sister
nephew 侄子，外甥
niece 侄女，外甥女
cousin 堂（表）兄弟姐妹
eg. a country cousin （贬）乡下人，乡巴佬
★v.
（say or write again, more than once）重复说，或写某事物，反复重申eg. “I’m having breakfast,”I repeated. 我重复说：“我正在吃早饭呢。

”eg. I repeated the question several times. 那个问题我重复了好几遍了。

eg. Am I repeating myself? 我以前说过这件情形吗？
repetition n. 重复，反复，重说，重写
learn by repetition 通过反复学习
二．关键句型
Key structures
一样此刻时和此刻进行时的用法
----一样此刻时
动词组成：谓语动词利用动词原形；系动词为am, is, are 的形式。

主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需有转变：
1）直接加“s”；
gives takes asks
2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”；
carry – carries
3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh,”结尾的动词加“es”。

goes dresses watches brushes
功能：1）表达适应性，规律性的动作
eg. I never get up early on Sundays. 礼拜天我从来都不早起。

I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺倒吃午饭的时刻。

2）表达此刻的事实状态或动作
eg. We all like football. 咱们都喜爱足球。

Birds fly. 鸟会飞。

This picture is of great value. 这幅画具有极大的价值。

3）表达客观真理，格言警语或事实
eg. The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。

Two and two makes four. 二加二等于四。

Seeing is believing. 目击为实。

常常搭配的副词：
often sometimes usually always
every year seldom occasionally frequently
副词的位置：通常放在实义动词之前，助动词以后。

eg. He doesn’t always come by train. 他不老是坐火车来。

Do you ever read in bed? 你在床上躺着看过书吗？
I never like jazz. 我从来都不喜爱爵士乐。

He rarely gets up before 10 o’clock. 在10点之前他很少起床。

We frequently have lunch at this restaurant. 咱们总在这家餐馆用饭。

----此刻进行时
组成：am / is /are + doing…
功能：
表示此刻，目前正在做某事，正在进行的动作。

eg. It is raining. 正在下雨。

I am still having breakfast. 我正在吃早饭。

What are you doing? 你干吗呢？
We are enjoying our lunch. 咱们正在享用午饭。

表示现时期正在进行的动作。

eg. We are studying English this summer. 今年夏天咱们在学英语。

He is taking physics this semester. 这一学期他正在学物理。

可用进行时态来表示即将开始的动作
go come leave arrive land meet die start return join eg. I am coming to see you. 我就来看你了。

The bus is coming. 公共汽车就要来了。

The plane is leaving for Shanghai. 飞机就要飞往上海了。

The old man is very ill and he is dying. 那个老人病的超级严峻，他此刻就快要死了。

有些副词用在进行时中间，表示说话人带有情感色彩，如赞赏，厌恶等。

always forever continually constantly
eg. He is always lying. 他老是在扯谎。

You are constantly complaining. 你老是在抱怨。

The girl is always thinking of others. 那个女孩老是考虑他人。

The naughty boy is continually making noises. 那个调皮的小孩老是在制造噪音。

以下表示状态，感觉，情绪，精神活动的动词不用于进行时态。

用一样此刻时。

Believe doubt see hear know understand belong to think consider feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like hate love detest desire
此刻进行时通常搭配以下副词
now at present at this time these days
----Exercise A
1．I am looking out of my window. I can see some children in the street. The children ________ (play) football. They always ________ (play) football in the street. Now a little boy ________ (kick) the ball. Anther boy ________ (run) after him but he cannot catch him.
are playing play is kicking is running
2．I carried my bags into the hall.
“What you ________ (do)?” my landlady asked.
“I ________ (leave), Mrs. Lynch,” I answered.
“Why you ________ (leave)?” she asked. “You have been here only a week.”“A week is too long, Mrs. Lynch,” I said. “There are too many rules in this house. My friends never ________ (come) to visit me. Dinner is always at seven o’clock, so I frequently ________ (go) to bed hungry. You don’t like noise, so I rarely ________ (listen) to the radio. The heating doesn’t work, so I always ________ (feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Goodbye, Mrs. Lynch.”
Landlady 女房主
are you doing am leaving are you leaving come go listen feel
----Exercise B
My friends never come to visit me.
I frequently go to bed hungry.
I rarely listen to the radio.
I always feel cold.
I never get up early on Sundays.
I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.
She answers my letters. (rarely)
She rarely answers my letters.
We work after six o’clock. (never)
We never work after six o’clock.
The shops close on Saturday afternoons. (always)
The shops always close on Saturday afternoons.
Do you go to work by car? (always)
Do you always go to work by car?
Our teacher collects our exercise books. (frequently)
Our teacher frequently collects our exercise books.
We spend our holidays abroad. (sometimes)
We sometimes spend holidays abroad.
7．I buy CDs. (often)
I often buy CDs.
8．Do you buy CDs? (ever)
Do you ever buy CDs?
三．课文讲解
Text
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. “What a day!” I thought. “It’s raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. “I’ve just arrived by train,” she said. “I’m coming to see you.”
“But I’m still having breakfast,” I said.
“What are you doing?” she asked.
“I’m having breakfast,” I repeated.
“Dear me,” she said. “Do you always get up so late? It’s one o’clock!”
1. It was Sunday. 过去式那是个礼拜天。

2. I never get up early on Sundays. 礼拜天我从来不早起。

never 从未，不曾，永不
eg. I have never been abroad. 我从没出过国。

eg. Would you do that?
Never.
eg. I never get up before 10 o’clock in mornings. 我从不在早上10前起床。

eg. Never fear. 别可怕。

Never give up. 永不舍弃。

Never say die. 永不言败。

Never lose heart. 绝不要悲观丧气。

early adj. / adv.
an early morning 一大早
eg. The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟能捉到虫。

捷足先登。

eg. I got up early this morning. 今天早晨我起得很早。

3. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有时候我一直躺到吃午饭的时刻。

stay in bed 躺在床上
stay at home 呆在家里
sometimes 有时候some times 几回，几倍
some time 一段时刻sometime 以后或过去的某个时候
eg. I will be somebody sometime in the future. 总有一天我将是个大人物。

4. Last Sunday I got up very late.
get up 起床go to bed 睡觉fall asleep/go to sleep 睡着了
late adj. /adv. 晚
eg. I’m sorry for being late. 对不起我迟到了。

adj.
I got up very late. 我起床起得很晚。

adv.
stay up late 熬夜，醒着，不去睡
lately: recently 最近
eg. Have you been abroad lately? 你最近出过国吗？
I bought a new car lately. 最近我买了辆新车。

Lately 通常放在此刻完成时和一样过去时中。

5. I looked out of the window.
look out of 向。

外看
look out of the window 向窗外看
look out of the door 向门外看
look into
1向。

里看
look into the box 向盒子里面看
2 调查，分析
eg. The police are looking into the case. 警察正在调查那个案件。

look out! 警惕，当心
eg. Look out! The car nearly knocked you over. 当心！那个车差点撞到你。

6. It was dark outside. “What a day!” I thought.
What a day! 感叹句What a terrible day!
What a wonderful day! 天气多好啊！
What a lovely day!
What a beautiful day!
7. “It’s raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.
just then: at that moment 就在那一刻
It 虚主语，无法确信是男性仍是女性的时候用it 来代替。

8. “I’ve just arrived by train,” she said.
by train 坐火车by bus by plane/by air by ship/by sea/by water by car
on foot
eg. I came here on foot. (I walked here.) 我走路来的。

eg. We got into the mountain on horseback. 咱们骑马上山。

take a train 乘坐火车take a bus/take a car take a plane take a ship 表示交通方式的时候用by 直接加交通工具，不加冠词
强调动作本身，用take加冠词，在加工具本身。

eg. In order to go to school on time, I took a taxi. 为了准时上学去，我打了一辆车。

9. “I’m coming to see you.”我就来看你了。

用进行时表示以后时。

10. “But I’m still having breakfast,” I said.
have breakfast have lunch have supper have dinner
have a meal 吃一顿饭
“What are you doing?” she asked.
“I’m having breakfast.” I repeated.
11. “Dear me.” She said. “Do you always get up so late? It’s one o’clock!”
Dear me! 天哪！Oh my god! Good heavens! Goodness me!
It 做虚主语
It was Sunday.
It was my aunt Lucy.
It was dark outside.
It’s one o’clock!
It做虚主语能够表达
It’s one o’clock. (时刻)
It’s cold in winter. (气候)
It’s only me. (人)
It’s a long way from here. (距离)
It’s very dirty here. (环境)
●Special Difficulties----感叹句
英文中表达感叹句能够用What引导，也能够用How引导。

What + a/an + adj. + n. +主+谓！
eg. What a terrible day (it is)! 天气是何等糟糕！
How + adj. + a/an + n. +主+谓！
eg. How terrible a day (it is)!
what 修饰的中心词是名词，how修饰的中心词是形容词副词本身，eg. This is a wonderful garden!
What a wonderful garden this is!
How wonderful a garden this is!
eg. This is a surprise! 这是一个惊喜！
What a surprise this is!
没有形容词和副词不可能用how来引导
eg. He is causing a lot of trouble! 他正在致使许多麻烦！
What a lot of trouble he is causing!
eg. They are wonderful actors! 他们是极棒的演员！
What wonderful actors they are!
复数名词，通常情形用what来引导。

eg. She is a hard-working woman!
What a hard-working woman she is!
How hard-working a woman she is!
eg. It is a tall building! 这是一栋高楼
What a tall building it is!
How tall a building it is!
eg. It’s a terrible film! 这是一部很糟糕的电影。

What a terrible film it is!
How terrible a film it is!
eg. You are a clever boy! 你是个伶俐的小孩！
What a clever boy it is!
How clever a boy it is!
eg. She is a pretty girl! 她是个漂亮的女小孩！
What a pretty girl she is!
How pretty a girl she is!
eg. He is a strange guy! 他是个奇怪的家伙！
What a strange guy he is!
How strange a guy he is!
eg. She is a lovely girl! 她是个可爱的女孩！
What a lovely girl she is!
How lovely a girl she is!
eg. This is an interesting play! 这是一部有趣的戏！
What an interesting play this is!
How interesting a play this is!
eg. He is a rude fellow! 他是个粗鲁的家伙！
What a rude fellow he is!
How rude a fellow he is!
eg. She is an amusing girl! 她是个有趣的女孩！
What an amusing girl she is!
How amusing a girl she is!
eg. Those are horrible dresses! 那是一些恐怖的衣服难看的衣服。

What horrible dresses those are!
四练习
Exercises
He doesn’t get up early on Sundays.
He gets up ____.
A late
B lately
C slowly
D hardly
晚的最近慢几乎不 A
2. Just then, the telephone rang.
It rang ____.
A at once
B immediately
C again
D at that moment
A和B立刻，马上再一次就在那个适合D
3. Breakfast is the first ____ of the day.
A food
B dinner
C lunch
D meal
晚餐，正餐一顿饭D
4. A child has ____ trust in its mother.
A absolute
B reliable
C preferable
D countless
绝对的完全的靠得住的更好的无数的A
温习
Review
1. 一样此刻时和此刻完成时
1) 一样此刻时通常表示适应性，规律性动作；此刻的事实，状态，或客观真理，格言警语等。

通常搭配表示频率的副词：
often sometimes usually never always
every year seldom occasionally frequently
eg. I never get up early on Sundays.
2) 此刻进行时表示此刻或先时期正在做某事。

eg. I’m having breakfast. 我正在吃早饭呢。

2. Main Points:
until 直到
not…until 直到….才
假设句中动词是一个延续性动词，用until；
假设句中动词是非延续性动词用not…until。

ring n. 环状物，戒指
打，铃响，响
eg. I’ll ring you later. 我以后会给你打的。

eg. The bell rang. 铃响了。

stay in bed 躺在床上
What a day! 什么鬼天气！
eg. How terrible a day it is! 何等恐怖的天气啊！
补充内容
量词
1. an armful of (双臂或单臂)一抱的
eg. She came back with an armful of books. 她抱着一抱书回来了。

2. an article of 一件
an article of furniture 一件家具an article of luggage 一件行李。