高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 专项语法突破3 新人教版1

2014《走向高考》高三人教英语一轮总复习
第一部分专项语法突破5
动词不定式
1.Volunteering gives you a chance__________lives, including your own.
A. change
B. changing
C. changed
D. to change（2013北京）
2.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _______.（2013新课标I）
A. not to do
B. not to
C. not do
D. do not
3.The engine just won't start. Something seems wrong with it. （2013重庆）
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
4． ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. （2013湖南）
A. Staying
B. Stayed
C. To stay
D. Stay
5.I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.（2013山东）
A. take
B. taking
C. to take
D. taken
6.The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A. being completed
B. to be completed
C. completed
D. having been completed(2013四川)
7.Let those in need that we will go all out to help them. （2013陕西）
A. to understand
B. understand
C. understanding
D. understood （DBBCCBB）
回顾2012
1．(2012·安徽)I remembered________the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
A．locking B．to lock
C．having locked D．to have locked
答案：B 句意：我在离开办公室以前，记着了要锁门，但是忘了要关灯。

remember to do sth.“记着要做某事”；remember doing sth.“记着做过某事”。

由句意可知，B项符合题意。

2．(2012·北京)Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds________away.
A．to stay B．staying
C．stayed D．stay
答案：A other birds与stay away之间是主动关系且根据句意“鸟叫有时候是警告其他的鸟儿离开。

”可知选A项。

不定式在此表示目的。

3．(2012·湖南)We've had a good start, but next，more work needs ________ to achieve the final success.
A．being done B．do
C．to be done D．to do
答案：C 句意：我们已经有了一个很好的开端，但要想获得最终的成功，接下来还有更多的工作要做。

此处谓语动词为needs，表示“需要”，而其主语more work与后面的do 存在被动关系，故要用动词­ing形式的主动形式(doing)或者不定式的被动形式(to be done)。

故C项正确。

4．(2012·江西) Having finished her project, she was invited by the school________to the new students.
A．speaking B．having spoken
C．to speak D．to have spoken
答案：C 句意；完成她的工程以后，她被学校邀请给新生做演讲。

“做演讲”发生在was invited之后，所以用动词不定式的一般式作主语补足语。

5．(2012·山东) George returned after the war, only ________that his wife had left him.
A．to be told B．telling
C．being told D．told
答案：A only＋to do sth.表示意想不到的结果；doing表示自然的结果。

句意：乔治战后回来，却被告知妻子已离他而去了。

being done通常表示正在被……；done表示被动完成。

结合句意，故选A项。

6．(2012·陕西)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but ________an even greater challenge.
A．meets B．meeting
C．meet D．to meet
答案：D have no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事之外别无选择”。

句意：如果接受这份工作，除了接受更大的挑战之外他别无选择。

7．(2012·四川)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only ________ his plane high up in the sky.
A．finding B．to find
C．being found D．to have found
答案：B only后接不定式形式表示意想不到的结果。

to have done表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，与句意矛盾。

句意：汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现飞机已经飞在高空了。

8．(2012·浙江)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better ________ silent.
A．remain B．be remaining
C．having remained D．to remain
答案：D when在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。

9．(2012·重庆)We're having a meeting in half an hour.
The decision________ at the meeting will influence thefuture of our company.
A．to be made B．being made
C．made D．having been made
答案：A 根据第一句“in half an hour”可知，会议还没有开始，因此决定还没有做出，只是将要做出，故排除B、C、D三项；动词不定式表将来，符合题意。

句意：半小时后我们将举行一次会议，在会议上将要做出的决定会影响我们公司的将来。

故选A项。

10．(2012·全国Ⅱ)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________anything that happened to be on.
A．to watch B．watching
C．watched D．to have watched
答案：A 本句中的happy...是形容词短语作状语，修饰句子主语The old man的状态。

由句子中的happy可知其后应接动词不定式表原因，即(the old man is)happy to...。

故选A项。

2014《走向高考》高三人教英语一轮总复习
第一部分专项语法突破6
分词（动名词）
1.________the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A. Find
B. Finding
C. To find
D. Found（2013北京）
2.Lionel Messi the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. （2013江苏）
A. set
B. setting
C. to set
D. having set
3.If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A. asked
B. to ask
C. asking
D. having asked (2013江西)
4.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington.
A.caught
B.to have caught
C.to catch
D.having caught （2013新课标II）
5.The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground.
A. throwing
B. being thrown
C. to throw
D. to be thrown（2013新课标I）
6.When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I till asleep （2013重庆）
A.having told
B. telling
C.told
D. to tell
7.When we saw the road__________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A. block
B. to block
C. blocking
D. blocked（2013北京）
8.They might just have a place _______ on the writing course — why don't you give it a try? （2013课标I）
A. leave
B. left
C. leaving
D. to leave
9. in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. （2013安徽）
A. To found
B. Founding
C. Founded
D. Having founded
10.The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.
A. bathed
B. bathing
C. to have bathed
D. have bathed （2013湖南）
11. 29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.
A. offering
B. to offer
C. having offered
D. offered （2013湖南）
12. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner. (2013山东)
A. standing
B. to stand
C. stands
D. stood
13.______ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. A. Having
eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating （2013山东）
14.In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words in daily
conversations. （2013天津）
A. using
B. to use
C. having used
D. used
15._______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing
B. Knowing not
C. Not known
D. Known not (2013四川)
16. _______ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
A Hearing
B Hear
C Having heard
D To be hearing
17 A good listener takes part in the conversation, _______ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing. （2013浙江）
A realizing
B copying
C offering
D misunderstanding
18. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.（2013浙江）
A not treated
B not being treated
C not to be treated
D not have been treated
19._____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known
B. Having known
C. Knowing
D. Being known （2013福建）
20.Anyone, once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.（2013福建）
A. to be tested
B. being tested
C. tested
D. to test
ura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ______for her.（2013辽宁）
A. waited
B. to wait
C. waiting
D. was waiting
22. The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.(2013陕西)
A. questioned
B. being questioned
C. to be questioned
D. having questioned （1-5：BDADA 6-10：BDBCB 11-15：DAADA 16-20：ABABC 21-25：CA）
回顾2012
1.(2012·北京)One learns a language by making mistakes and________them.
A．corrects B．correct
C．to correct D．correcting
答案：D and前后连接两个并列成分，根据making可知此处填correcting。

句意：“一个人在犯错和纠错中学会一种语言。

”
2．(2012·福建)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ________ in the South China Sea.
A．attacking B．having attacked
C．being attacked D．having been attacked
答案：C 由于Chinese fishing boats与attack之间存在被动关系，所以排除表示主动的A项(attacking)和B项(having attacked)；由句意“最近中国加紧对黄岩岛附近水域的控制来阻止中国渔船在中国南海受到进攻”可知attack的动作并没有发生，因此排除表示完成的D项(having been attacked)。

故选C项。

3．(2012·福建)Pressed from his parents，and ________that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.
A．realizing B．realized
C．to realize D．being realized
答案：A 由于此处的并列连词and是连接两个分词短语，所以第二个空也应该选择非谓语动词。

又主句的主语the boy与realize之间存在主动关系，故排除表示被动的B项和D项；动词不定式短语位于句首作状语时，多作目的状语，排除C项。

此处用现在分词短语表示原因。

故选A项。

4．(2012·湖南)The lecture，________ at 700 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A．starting B．being started
C．to start D．to be started
答案：A 句意：昨晚7点开始的演讲结束之后，紧跟着的是对月球用望远镜进行了一次观测。

此处start用作不及物动词，表示“开始”，故用现在分词作后置定语，其形式相当于which started...而不定式的一般式多表示将来的动作；若start用作及物动词，则此处要用被动形式，而B项being started表示正在开始，D项to be started表示将来的动作，均与原题中last night不符。

故选A项。

5．(2012·江苏) ________ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A．Based B．Basing
C．Base D．To base
答案：B base...on...意为“把……建立在……基础上”。

由于逗号前后没有关联词，可排除构成祈使句的C项；该句主语you与base为主动关系，可排除A项，此项表示被动
的过去分词形式，不定式在句首通常表示目的，不合逻辑，可排除D项；答案为B项，现在分词形式作条件状语。

句意：如果你把一个重要的决定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你迟早会后悔的。

6．(2012·江西)John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ________him it.
A．offered B．offering
C．to offer D．to be offered
答案：B 该题容易误选A项，因为大家一般认为letter与offer存在被动关系，但此处offer后面有两个宾语，显然，应使用offer sb.sth.的主动形式作后置定语修饰the official letter，说明信的内容。

7．(2012·辽宁)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ them.
A．to follow B．following
C．followed D．follows
答案：B 句意：这对老年夫妇经常晚饭后去公园散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。

此处是with的复合结构，宾语dog与作宾语补足语的follow存在逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随情况，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。

8．(2012·课标全国)The party will be held in the garden, weather ________.
A．permitting B．to permit
C．permitted D．permit
答案：A 由于逗号前后没有关联词，所以只能用非谓语形式，根据weather和permit 的逻辑关系判断应选用现在分词形式构成独立主格结构，表示“天气允许的话”。

9．(2012·陕西)________ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
A．Standing B．To stand
C．Stood D．Stand
答案：A 句意：我们排在长长的队伍中，等着商店开门买一台新的平板电脑。

分析句子结构可知所填部分在句中作伴随状语，且句子的主语we与stand之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。

10．(2012·四川)I looked and noticed a snake________ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
A．to wind B．wind
C．winding D．wound
答案：C 句意：我抬起头来，注意到一条蛇正盘旋着往树上爬，去捕捉它的早餐。

snake
和wind之间为主动关系，注意到蛇在往树上爬，表示动作正在进行。

故选C项。

11. (2012·天津)He got up late and hurried to his office, ________the breakfast untouched.
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
答案：C 句意：他起床晚了，匆忙赶往办公室，早餐一动没动。

现在分词短语在此处作结果状语。

12．(2012·全国Ⅱ)Tony lent me the money, ________ that I'd do as much for him.
A．hoping B．to hope
C．hoped D．having hoped
答案：A 由空前的“，”可排除B项，因为动词不定式作目的状语时其前不加“，”；如果选择C项(hoped)则应在空前加and；希望的动作并不是发生在“托尼借给我钱”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony与hope之间存在主动关系，故选择现在分词hoping作状语。

13．(2012·湖南)Time,________ correctly, is money in the bank.
A．to use B．used
C．using D．use
答案：B 句意：时间如果运用得当，就会变成银行里的钱。

此处是非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语time与use之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。

14．(2012·课标全国)Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________ such art forms as music and painting.
A．having compared to B．comparing to
C．compare to D．compared to
答案：D compare...to...意为“把……和……进行比较”，在该题when后面为非谓语形式，由于句子主语film和compare为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式，此处是when it (film) is compared to such art forms as music and painting的省略。

15．(2012·山东)After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A．providing B．provided
C．having provided D．provide
答案：B 所填词应在此作定语修饰envelope，而且和envelope构成被动关系，故选用provided表示被动。

providing表示主动；having provided也是主动形式，表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前；provide为动词原形，形式错误。

句意：在完成表格并签字后，请用提供的信封把表格寄回给我们。

故选B项。

16．(2012·浙江)“I t's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table________for customers.
A．to be reserved B．having reserved
C．reserving D．reserved
答案：D 分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词修饰table，“桌子”是“被预订或保留”的，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。

17．(2012·北京东城期末)Last Monday, I was asked to give the new students a test ________ their English level.
A．evaluating B．to have evaluated
C．to evaluate D．having evaluated
答案：C 句意：上周一我应邀给新生进行了一次测试来评估一下他们的英语水平。

此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示目的。

18．(2012·西安第一次质检)Raymond entered college at the age of eighteen, ________four years later as the head of his class.
A．graduating B．graduated
C．to graduate D．having graduated
答案：A 本句的后半句是现在分词作状语，Raymond与graduate之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。

Raymond是先上大学，后毕业，所以D项错误。

19．(2012·南京一模)In the job interviews，job applicants often find themselves________unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.
A．to ask B．asked
C．to be asked D．asking
答案：B 分析句子结构可知，ask和themselves是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作find的宾语补足语。

20．(2012·合肥第一次质检)How pleased the girl was ________that she got the first place in the English speech contest!
A．learn B．learned
C．to learning D．to learn
答案：D 句意：当女孩得知她获得了英语演讲比赛第一名时，她多么高兴啊！本句陈述句形式是“The girl was pleased to learn that she got the first place in the English speech contest.”。

21．(2012·郑州第一次质量预测)When ________ about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worth seeing a second time.
A．asked B．asking
C．being asked D．to be asked
答案：A 此题可使用还原法，补全后为“When she was asked about...”，ask与she 之间是动宾关系，故选A项。

22．(2012·北京东城期末)Liu Xiang attended an importantmeeting ________in the Great Hall of the People lastmonth.
A．held B．to have held
C．to be held D．holding
答案：A 由于hold和meeting之间为动宾关系故用过去分词作后置定语，表示完成和被动含义。

23．( 2012·浙江六校联盟第一次联考)Train tickets soldonline or by telephone have topped 2 million daily, ________ that around one­third of passengers don't have towait for several hours to get a ticket.
A．meaning B．means
C．to mean D．meant
答案：A 句意：网络和电话售的火车票每天高达两百万张，这意味着大约三分之一的乘客不用排几个小时的队就能买到票。

meaning在句中是现在分词短语作状语，表主动。

24．(2012·山东潍坊一模)This restaurant，________ by an oldcouple，has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.
A．owning B．to own C．having owned D．owned
答案：D 由于restaurant和own之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。

25．(2012·北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展示)In Bangkok severe flooding, many major roads ________north, towards the areas worst affected by the flooding, were largely impassable.
A．to lead B．leading C．led D．to be led
答案：B 句意：在曼谷的大洪水中，许多通往北方、朝向受洪水影响最严重地区的道路，大部分都无法通行。

此处是­ing分词短语作后置定语，修饰roads。

roads与lead之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。

26．(2012·浙江调研测试)________ how mirrors produce images, we need to know what light does.
A．Understanding B．Understood C．To understand D．Having understood 答案：C 句意：想要理解镜子如何成像，我们需要知道光的作用。

此处是不定式短语作目的状语。