【英语】 八年级英语上册语法填空单元练习题(含答案)1

【英语】八年级英语上册语法填空单元练习题(含答案)1
一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Helen is in Grade Eight. She smiles at everyone and she's always glad to help others. But do you know she had a sad story?
Helen's parents died in ________fire when she was nine years old. After that, her aunt and uncle adopted（收养）her. They sent her to a new school. In that school, Helen________（know）nothing about her new classmates. She didn't talk too much and she was________（shy）and quieter than most kids. That made________difficult for her to make friends, so she had few friends at school. Her aunt and uncle worried about her.________（lucky）, Helen met a funny girl named Sandy. After making friends________Sandy, Helen became more outgoing________before. Sandy usually tells jokes to make her laugh and Helen often helps Sandy with her studies. Now they are good friends.
Helen is really hard-working and she always________（get） A's in her subjects. Sandy says, "Helen studies very hard. She often helps me with my homework. Now I'm getting better________（grade） with her help________she is different from me, I like her very much.【答案】 a；knew；shyer；it；Luckily；with；than；gets；grades；Though/ Although
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述海伦九岁时父母死于火灾。

在那之后，她叔叔婶婶收养了她。

他们送她去了一所新学校。

在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。

她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。

这使她很难交到朋友，所以她在学校很少有朋友。

她叔叔婶婶很担心她。

幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。

在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。

桑迪经常讲笑话逗她笑，海伦经常帮助桑迪学习。

现在他们是好朋友了。

海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。

桑迪说：“海伦学习很努力。

她经常帮我做作业。

现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。

虽然她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。

（1）考查不定冠词。

句意：海伦九岁时父母死于一场火灾。

fire火灾，可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。

（2）考查一般过去时。

句意：在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。

know知道，动词。

本段都是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。

know的过去式knew，故答案为：knew。

（3）考查形容词。

句意：她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。

空格后有... and quieter than，可知有and连接并列形容词比较级。

形容词shy的比较级shyer，故答案为：shyer。

（4）考查代词。

句意：这使她很难交到朋友。

make使，让，使役动词，此处结构为make+宾语+宾补（形容词）。

固定结构。

此处是不定式短语作真正宾语，要放在句末，用it作形式宾语，故答案为：it。

（5）考查副词。

句意：幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。

由逗号与句子隔开，修饰整个句子作状语。

形容词lucky的副词为luckily。

故答案为：Luckily。

（6）考查介词。

句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。

make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，固定短语。

故答案为：with。

（7）考查连词。

句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。

根据more outgoing和before，可知那时与以前相比，要用比较级+than句型，故答案为：than。

（8）考查一般现在时。

句意：海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。

always总是，频率副词，常与一般现在时连用。

主语she，第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数gets。

故答案为：gets。

（9）考查名词复数。

句意：现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。

grade，成绩，可数名词。

空格前有形容词better，后接名词。

空格前没有不定冠词，要用复数grades表示一类事物。

故答案为：grades。

（10）考查连词。

句意：虽尽管她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。

根据前后句意思，可知前后句是让步关系，要用从属连词though/although。

故答案为：Though/ Although。

【点评】考查语法填空。

考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Summer was coming and it was getting hotter. Mrs, King got ________early one morning and went to the market after she ________ （have） breakfast. She knew that everything was cheap there before eight o'clock. She wanted to buy many ________ （vegetable）for her family. Suddenly she saw there were a ________ of people around a farmer. She hurried there and found that he was selling some beef.
"How ________ does it cost? "a woman asked.
"Two dollars a kilo."
"Oh, how cheap it is!"Mrs. King said to herself. "John ________ （like） beef very much. I'd better buy some here,"
When she got ________ with five kilos of beef, her son was happy but her husband got angry. "What a silly woman!" said Mr. King.↑"How shall we k eep it fresh in such hot weather?"
"Your aunt is very rich," said Mrs. King. "Why not go and borrow some money________ her? Then we'll be able to buy a fridge."
Mr. King agreed and they began to teach their five year-old son what ________（say） when they were at his aunt's house.
"John," Mr. King said, "how can we keep the beef fresh?"
"That's easy," the boy said________ （happy）. "By eating it!"
【答案】up；had；vegetables；group/ lot/ number；much；likes；home；from；to say；happily
【解析】【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉，John说可以通过吃了牛肉来保存。

（1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。

get op起床，固定搭配，故填up。

（2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。

时态是一般过去时，所以have用had，故填had。

（3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。

vegetable蔬菜，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数vegetables。

（4）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群/许多人。

a group of一群......，a lot/number of许多......，固定搭配，故填group/ lot/ number。

（5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用how much，故填much。

（6）句意：John非常喜欢牛肉。

时态是一般现在时，主语是单数John，所以buy用单三式buys，故填buys。

（7）句意：当她带着5千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。

get home到家，固定搭配，故填home。

（8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？borrow...from从……借……，固定搭配，故填from。

（9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们5岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。

特殊疑问词+to do不定式，固定搭配，故填to say。

（10）句意：男孩高兴地说。

副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词happy 的副词happily，高兴地，故填happily。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

In 1990, when I ________ nine years old, I wanted very much to find ________pen pal, I found Ashley's address in a magazine, and decided ________ （write） to her.
I sent off my letter with a little hope. Very quickly, I received her letter.________ my surprise, Ashley was only one month ________ （old） than me, I learned some new expressions from her. ________（real） liked this new friend.
Letter after letter, year after year, Ashley and I continued to write to one another. A letter would be received and I'd write back right, away. We would send each other birthday and Christmas ________ （gift）.
Eight years later, my parents decided it was time ________ me to meet this friend. They drove me down to Mississippi for a few days. We ________ （have） a fun time together. We did the things that teenage girls love to do.
Twenty-five years after the ________ （one）litter, Ashley and I still have an amazing friendship.
Although we don't write letters now, we communicate through mobile phones and the Internet.【答案】 was；a；to write；To；older；really；gifts；for；had；first
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者在1990年想找到一个笔友，之后找到了笔友Ashley，并且现在一直通过手机和因特网联系。

（1）句意：在1990年，当我9岁时，我想发现一个笔友。

表达某人几岁用主语+be+基数词，时态是一般过去时，主语是I，所以用was；pal是单数名词，pen以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填was，a。

（2）句意：我在杂志上发现Ashley的地址，决定写信给她。

decide to do sth.决定做某事，固定搭配，故填to write。

（3）句意：令我惊讶的是，Ashley仅仅比我大一个月。

to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定搭配，than是比较级标志词，was后面用形容词，所以用形容词的比较级，old大的，形容词，其比较级是older，故填To，older。

（4）句意：我真喜欢这个新朋友。

副词修饰实义动词，liked是实义动词，所以用形容词real的副词really，真地，故填really。

（5）句意：我们总是相互送生日和圣诞节礼物。

gift礼物，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数gifts，故填gifts。

（6）句意：8年后，我父母决定对于我来说是时候见见这个朋友了。

it+be+time for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说到了做某事的时间了，固定搭配，故填for。

（7）句意：我们一起玩得高兴。

时态是一般过去时，所以have用过去式had，故填had。

（8）句意：在第一胎出生25年后，我和艾希礼仍然有着惊人的友谊。

the后面用序数词，one是基数词，其序数词是first，故填first。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

4．语法填空
Students these days often have a lot of ________ （worry）. Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork, and sometimes with their friends. What can they do about this? Some people believe the ________（bad） thing is to do nothing. Laura Mills,________ teenager from London, agrees. "Problems are normal in life," says Laura. "But I think talking to someone helps a lot. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse."
Laura once lost her wallet and she ________ （be）afraid to tell her parents about it. She worried for days and didn't know ________ to solve the problem. She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have ________ （some）money. She just kept thinking, "________I tell my parents, they'll be angry!"________（final）, she talked to her parents and they were really ________（understand）. They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. "I will always remember to share my problems in the future!" Laura says. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes ________ （him）.
【答案】 worries；worst；a；was；how；any；If；Finally；understanding；himself
【解析】【分析】主要讲了当我们遇到问题时应该学会和他人交流。

（1）句意：现在的学生经常有许多担心。

a lot of修饰可数名词复数，worry的复数是worries，故填worries。

（2）句意：一些人认为最糟糕的事情是无所事事。

the+最高级，bad的最高级是worst，
故填worst。

（3）句意：Laura Mills——一个来自伦敦的青少年，同意。

teenager是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（4）句意：她害怕告诉她的父母关于它。

时态是一般过去时，主语是she，所以用was，故填was。

（5）句意：她担心了几天，并且不知道怎样解决这个问题。

根据句意可知是不知道怎样解决，所以用how，故填how。

（6）句意：因为她没有钱。

句子是否定句，所以用any，故填any。

（7）句意：如果我告诉我的父母，他们将是生气的。

根据句意可知前句表示假设，即如果，所以用if，故填If。

（8）句意：最后，她和她的父母交流。

根据句意可知是最后finally，故填Finally。

（9）句意：他们真地是善解意义的。

be+形容词，understand的形容词是understanding，故填understanding。

（10）句意：她爸爸说他有时自己也犯粗心的错误。

根据句意可知是爸爸自己也犯错误，所以用him的反身代词himself，故填himself。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

5．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

（每空不多于3个单词）
The Internet is very important in our life. But do you know about________ （it） history？The Internet can't work without computers. Enid invented（发明）the ________ （one）computer in 1946. But it was large and heavy. It was as large as________ room. In the 1960s, the ________（scientist） started to study the Internet. At that time, only the army（军队） could use it________（save）, send and receive information .In the 1970s, the Internet came ________ offices, banks, hospitals and so on. Computers were still very expensive ________ the Internet was difficult to use. ________people couldn't use it at that time. In the 1990s, scientists made it into use and it soon ________（become）popular. Today it is easy to get online and millions of people use the Internet in China every day. Sending e-mails is more and more popular among people. The Internet is becoming one of the________ （important）parts of people's life.
The Internet really makes our life happy, easy and colorful.
【答案】 its；first；a；scientists；to save；into；and；Most；became；most important 【解析】【分析】主要讲了因特网的历史。

（1）句意：但是你知道它的历史吗？history是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，it 的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its。

（2）句意：Enid在1964年发明了第一个计算机。

the+序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。

（3）句意：它和一个房子那样大。

room是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（4）句意：科学家们开始研究因特网。

根据句意可知是多个科学家，所以用复数scientists，故填scientists。

（5）句意：仅仅军队可以用它保存、发送和接受信息。

use sth. to do sth.用......做某事，故填to save。

（6）句意：因特网进入办公室.银行和医院等等。

come into进入，故填into。

（7）句意：计算机仍然是非常昂贵的，并且因特网是难用的。

根据句意可知表示顺承，所以用and，故填and。

（8）句意：在那时大部分人不能用它。

most people大部分人，故填Most。

（9）句意：它很快变得受欢迎。

made是过去式，所以become也用过去式became，故填became。

（10）句意：因特网正在成为人们生活中最重要的部分。

one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，最……之一，important的最高级是the most important，故填most important。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。

注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或用括号中单词的正确形式填空。

When Esther left school at the age of sixteen, her aunt Flory gave her 500 dollars. Most of Esther's friends decided to go to college, ________, Esther used the money to start business（生意）. She bought fruits, ________（sugar） and some jars（罐子） and began making the jam. She sold the jam for 5 dollars a jar ________ her friends and soon she got 1000 dollars.
At first, her parents didn't want Esther to spend her time making jam. They thought that she should get further education. And they ________（hope） that one day she would be a teacher ________ a doctor.
But Esther had ________ own idea. She kept on making jam. After a few months, she started ________（sell） it to supermarkets. Then she began to make orange juice and sold it to some schools. It sold very ________（good）. Two years later, he business got very large. She was so busy that she had to make someone ________（work）for her. When her parents saw she became ________（success）, they changed their mind. They thought their daughter did a right thing to do.
【答案】 However
；sugar；to；hoped；or；to sell
；her
；well
；work
；successful
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Esther是怎样成功的。

（1）句意：然而，Esther用钱做生意。

根据Most of Esther's friends decided to go to college 可知大部分朋友决定去上大学，而Esther决定做生意，所以前后表示转折，所以用
however，故填However。

（2）句意：她买了水果、糖和一些罐子。

sugar是不可数名词，所以用sugar，故填sugar。

（3）句意：她把果酱一罐子5美元卖给她的朋友。

sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人，故填to。

（4）句意：他们希望一天她将成为一名老师或者医生。

时态是一般过去时，所以hope用过去式hoped；成为一名老师或者医生，表示选择，所以用or，故填hoped，or。

（5）句意：但是Esther有自己的想法。

one's own某人自己的，主语是Esther，所以one's 用形容词修物主代词her，故填her。

（6）句意：她开始把它卖给超市。

start to do sth. 开始去做另一件事情，故填to sell。

（7）句意：它卖得非常好。

副词修饰实义动词，sold是实义动词，所以good用副词well，故填well。

（8）句意：她是如此忙碌以至于她不得不让人为她工作。

make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，所以用work，故填work。

（9）句意：当她的父母看见她成功时，他们改变了他们的想法。

became是系动词，意思是变得，后面用形容词，success的形容词是successful，故填successful。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

7．语法填空
Hi, Jane! I saw your name and address in Pen-friend magazine, and I would like________ （be）your pen-friend. First, I will tell you some things about________ （my）. My name is Sidney. I'm fourteen years old. I'm about five________ （foot）tall. I have short black hair and brown eyes. My hobbies are playing computer games and playing chess.
I live with my parents. They________ （come） to England from Hong Kong about 30 years ago. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle. I was born in Newcastle in 1993. I can speak Chinese,________ I can't write it very well. I have a brother called Edwin. He is 23 and works________ an architect（建筑师）in London.
I'm in Walker School. It is near my house, and so I can walk to school. I like my school because the teachers are ________（friend） to me. I like sports very much. I enjoy ________（play）badminton in winter, and tennis in summer. As for subjects, I like physics________（well） of all.
I want to be________ engineer.
I expect you will write to me soon, and tell me all about you.
【答案】 to be；myself；feet；came；but；as；friendly；playing；best；an
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane，告诉她自己的一些信息。

（1）句意：我想成为你的笔友。

would like to do sth.想要做某事。

故填to be。

（2）句意：首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。

根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情，主语是I，其反身代词是myself，故填myself。

（3）句意：我大约5尺高。

5后面用可数名词复数，foot的复数是feet，故填feet。

（4）句意：大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。

30 years ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用come的过去式came，故填came。

（5）句意：我会说英语但是我写得不好。

根据句意可知前后句表示转折，所以用连词but，故填but。

（6）句意：他23岁，在伦敦是一名建筑师。

work as作为，故填as。

（7）句意：因为老师们对我很友好。

be friendly to对......友好，故填friendly。

（8）句意：我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。

enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，故填playing。

（9）句意：我最喜欢物理。

根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上，所以用最高级，所以用well的最高级best，故填best。

（10）句意：我想成为一名工程师。

engineer是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。

注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

8．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（1 个单词），或括号内单词的正确形式。

I have many good friends at school. I think Gina is my ________（good）friend. She is 1 years older ________me. We live in the same town and we are classmates now. Gina is taller and ________ outgoing than me. We are both interested in sports, but she always plays table tennis ________ （good）, so she always wins. ________we have the same hobbies and interests, we also have some ________（difference）.
Gina always exercises and she ________（read）books every day. ________, she never eats junk food and stays up late. ________, I like eating junk food and never helps ________housework.
【答案】best；than；more；better；Although；differences；reads；Also；However；with 【解析】【分析】本篇短文介绍了我和好朋友Gina,并介绍了我们两个之间的一些不同点和相同之处。

（1）句意：我任务Gina 是我最好的朋友。

根据第一句 I have many good friends at school.我有很多好朋友可知是多个范围的比较，应该用比较级，此处是修饰后面的名词friend,应该是形容词的最高级，good 的最高级是best。

故答案为best。

（2）句意：她比我大一岁。

根据空前面的1 years older 和后面的me可知此处缺少表示比较的than,故答案为than。

（3）句意：她比我高也比我外向。

根据前面的taller and 和后面的than me 可知此处应该是并列的比较，outgoing 的比较级是前面加more。

故答案为more。

（4）句意：我们都喜欢运动，但她的乒乓球打得（比我）好，她总是赢。

根据前面的都喜欢运动和后面的她总是赢可知此处是和我作比较，所以应为比较级，又是修饰动词play,所以要用副词形式，good 的副词是well ,所以应是well 的比较级better,故答案为better。

（5）句意：虽然我们有相同的爱好和兴趣，但我们也有一些不同之处。

根据上文的相同点和下文的不同之处可知此处应为转折词,although,尽管，虽然，表转折，由是句首，所以大
写首字母，故答案为Although。

（6）句意：但是我们也有一些不同之处。

difference名词不同点，不同之处，可数名词。

some 修饰可数名词的复数形式，故答案为differences。

（7）句意：Gina 每天总是锻炼和读书。

句子是一般现在时，主语又是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应该用单三形式，read的第三人称单数是reads。

故答案为reads .
（8）句意：她也不吃垃圾食品和熬夜。

这里都是描述Gina 的健康生活方式，应该和上文是并列关系，also ，也，表并列。

句首字母应大写，故答案为Also。

（9）句意：然而，我喜欢吃垃圾食品也从来不帮忙做家务。

根据句意我的不好的生活和上文应该是转折关系，however,然而，表转折，并需用逗号与上文隔开，句子开头首字母要大写，故答案为However。

（10）句意：我从来不帮忙做家务。

help with sth.帮忙做某事，固定短语。

故答案为with。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用。

已给出的单词要在语境中对词性进行必要的变形。

没有根据单词的，要根据句意，找到合适的单词，然后根据上下文确定句子的时态语态，主谓一致等，再把单词做必要的变化。

还要考虑到固定短语的搭配和一些基本的句型。

二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
It was Tom's birthday, and he was five years old. He got quite a lot of presents from his family. His grandpa gave him a beautiful big drum（鼓）. Of all the presents, Tom liked his drum best. He made terrible noise with it, but his mother didn't mind. His father was working in the daytime and Tom was in bed when he got home in the evening. So he didn't hear the noise. But one of his neighbors didn't like the noise. So one morning she took a knife and went to Tom's house when he was hitting his drum. She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum? Here is a knife. Open the drum and let's find it.”
（1）How old was Tom?
A. He was fifteen years old.
B. He was five.
C. He was fifty.
D. He was half past five.（2）What did his mother think of his making terrible noise with the drum?
A. She couldn't stand it.
B. She was pleased（满意）with his behavior（行为）.
C. She didn't mind.
D. We don't know.
（3）Who didn't like the noise?
A. Tom's mother.
B. Tom's neighbor.
C. Tom's father.
D. Tom's grandpa.（4）How did Tom's neighbor deal with（处理） his drum?
A. She lied to Tom that something nice was inside his drum.
B. She cut the drum open with a knife.
C. She called the police.
D. She didn't mind it.
（5）Was there anything very nice in the drum really?
A. No，there was.
B. Yes，there wasn't.
C. No，there wasn't.
D. Yes，there was.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Tom5岁生日是爷爷送给他一个鼓，并且敲鼓弄出噪音，邻居不喜欢，并且告诉他鼓里面有好东西。

（1）细节题。

根据and he was five years old.可知Tom5岁了，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据but his mother didn't mind.可知Tom的妈妈不介意，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据But one of his neighbors didn't like the noise可知Tom的邻居不喜欢，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum?可知邻居骗Tom说里面有好东西，故选A。

（5）细节题。

根据She said to him, “Hello, Tom, do you know there is something very nice inside your drum?可知鼓里面没有好东西，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B
Ladies and gentlemen, I returned to this year in a time machine. In the year 2500, we are able to travel through time to any year in the history of the earth. This year is your last chance to change your lifestyle to save the earth.
Beginning in the middle of the 20th century, a few people were worried about polluting the earth's water and air, but most people did not change their way of life. Instead, they continued to pour（倒） dangerous chemicals and other waste into lakes and seas, to drive more and more cars and trucks, and to cut down trees.
By the year 2200, the earth's water was completely polluted. Scientists said that in the future there might be too many people on the earth. People could no longer drink water, and they had to use other types of liquids（液体）.
So, by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. There was no water to grow food and all of the fish in the lakes and seas died because of pollution Terrier wars（战争） broke out between the rich and the poor. Scientists were working very hard to find another planet in space where humans could live on.
By the year 2400, the air was too polluted for humans to breathe. So we had to leave earth but only the rich were able to leave. Where did we go? Nowhere. And everywhere. You see scientists did not find another safe planet, so now we must travel around the universe in our space ships. We are still looking for a place to call our home.
So, it is up to you to change history. There is still hope. You must change your lifestyle now, before it is too late.
（1）Which problem is not talked about in Paragraph 2?
A. Water.
B. Air.
C. Lifestyle.
D. Food
（2）What's the meaning of 'scarce' in Paragraph 4 in Chinese?
A. 昂贵的
B. 充足的
C. 缺乏的
D. 特殊的（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Only a few people changed their lifestyle in the 20th century.
B. There wasn't enough water for people to drink by the year 2200.
C. All the animals died because of pollution by the year 2300.
D. We found a new home in another planet by the year 2400.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要以拟人的手法讲述了环境污染的严重事实，作者通过时间隧道从2500年穿越回到了20到25世纪的不同时代，并描述了各个不同时代的污染的严重性，提醒人类保护环境，爱护人类自己。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文第二段a few people were worried about polluting the earth's water and air, but most people did not change their way of life.内容可知，本段主要涉及到了空气质量、水资源和人类的生活方式，唯独没有提到食物方面的问题，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据本句内容So by the year 2300, there were so many people that food became scarce. 可知，本句中包含一短语so...that...，意为截止到2300年，地球上的人类是如此之多以致于食物变得太少。

再加上下一句There was no water to grow food，可知食物应该是不够人类吃的，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。

根据短文第二段but most people did not change their way of life.可知，A 选项表述正确；第三段By the year 2200, the earth's water was completely polluted. People could no longer drink water,可知，B项的描述也是正确的；第四段all of the fish in lakes and seas died because of pollution. 可知C项内容正确；倒数第二段内容说到了2400年，只有富人才有机会离开不适宜人类生存的地球，但是也没有可以适宜人类其他星球供人类居住，可知D项内容不正确；故选D。

【点评】本文是科普环保类短语阅读。

阅读能力是中学生学习英语应具备的一种基本能力。

学习英语的一个重要目的在于获取信息。

通过阅读这一重要手段，我们可以大量地获取知识，拓展知识面，还可以增强语感，培养敏捷的思维能力。

11．根据短文内容，选择正确答案
B
We can not live a modern life without travelling. The fastest way of travelling is by air. With a。