高二英语Unit 23(2)北师大版知识精讲

高二英语Unit 23〔2〕北师大版
[本讲教育信息]
一. 教学内容：
Unit 23〔2〕
二. 具体过程
〔一〕Some useful expressions.
stand up for 维护，拥护，支持
Everyone should be ready at all times to stand up for the truth.
He insisted that something must have gone wrong but nobody stand up for him.
talk sth. over with sb. 与……详细讨论……
Let’s talk over the case with the lawyer./ Let’s talk it over with the lawyer.
We talked him over to our side.
talk about谈论Let’s talk about love at this special time.
talk of 提到The man he talked of at the meeting is the very person to do the job.
put forward提出She put forward several interesting plans.
I am going to put it forward to everyone in my class.
The project he put forward was turned down by his boss.
make a scene 大吵大闹，当众吵闹
Anyway you shouldn’t make a scene for such a thing.
put up with忍受，容忍I can’t put up with the cold weather.
How could you put up with him for such a long time?
I think nobody will put up with your behavior any longer.
表示此意的词语还有：She can’t stand the hot weather.
I have tolerated you long enough.
I can’t bear that words.
I can’t do with the noise.
subscribe vi. 订阅，订购subscribe to / for
subscribe to / for a newspaper / dictionary / 1000 shares
accuse 指责，控告The man was accused of murdering a lady.
Sorry, they accuse you of making noises at deep night.
You are accused of theft in the supermarket.
charge sb. with sth.
〔二〕Reading.
1. Do chuc is a forty-eight-year-old Vietnamese farmer whose two daughters and an aunt were killed by American soldiers in My Lai that day.
Together with other villagers they were marched a few hundred meters into the village square where they were told to sit.
这两个句子都和定语从句有关。

Is this factory ______________________we used to work?
_______________________ we used to visit?
Is this the factory ____________________we used to work in?
___________________we used to visit?
Tom is not a person whose promise you can rely on.
I would like to buy that book whose cover is green.
2. Then in surprise he watched as the soldiers set up a machine gun. The calm ended. The people began weeping and begging.
set up成立，设立，Where shall we set up our tent?
The government has set up a mittee for the investigation.
You must set up the software before you can use it.
weep小声地哭，有泪无声
Moved by the play, I can’t help weeping.
Mother didn’t want him to see her weep, so she turned over to wipe the tears.
cry 因各种情绪而哭，有泪有声
sob 低声啜泣，抽噎
sniffle哭泣时抽泣
wail 连续大声地痛哭
The parents are _____________ over the death of their only child.
She kept ______________while weeping.
Don’t _______________ over the spilled milk.
3. We were on the frontier and on the Christmas morning we stuck up a board with “ A Merry Christmas〞on it. Two of our men then threw their equipment off and climbed out of the trench with their hands above their heads as our representatives.
stick up竖起。

stick伸出，粘贴He stuck a piece of meat with his fork.
A nail stuck in the tire of my car.
Don’t stick your head out of the window .
Forgetting to take an umbrella with him, he got stuck in the heavy rain.
throw off扔掉Why are you still keeping it? You should throw it off.
throw away
throw up 呕吐You would throw up if you see her in person.
4. By the look of them, their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.
by表示凭借或途径。

It is unfair to judge a person by his look./ appearance.
Parents can’t educate children by beating.
What is the time by your watch?
By what you have said, I think you are a open-minded person.
in a state 处于……状态
The whole country is in a state of peace.
She was then in a state of mental confusion.
凌乱I can let you in because your dress is in a state.
兴奋，紧X不安She didn’t perform it well partly because she was in a state.
5. One of their men, speaking in English, remarked that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.
be fed up with 对……感到厌烦be fed up to the neck with 对……感到非常厌烦
I am fed up to the neck with your old tricks.
= be tired of / be sick of / be bored (to death) with
I am bored to death with waiting for you every time.
6. Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot. The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas in peace until midnight.
distribute 分发They distributed all the food among the team members.
The teacher is distributing the homework to every student.
散布，分布People in China are distributed in large cities in the south.
e to an understanding 达成一致
All the people in the world have e to an understanding that global warming is a threat to the earth.
e to an agreement/ a full stop/ a conclusion / a decision / fame/ power/ nothing / an end
in peace 和平地，和睦地I believe you can live in peace.
in surprise in fear in pain in silence
7. We formed a bond and during the whole of Boxing Day we never fired a shot and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling.
…and they the same 省略句，省略了did
Somebody lives for money and somebody for love.
The boys are watching the game and the girls the TV play.
He gave her coffee and me tea.
set the ball rolling 开球，开始
In the meeting, no one wants to set the ball rolling. 在会议上没有人愿意先发言。

8. This is really turned me off to begin with: “Let’s clean up the ward because we have got VIPs ing in. Well the VIPs happened to be a general and a group of about 12 people. …and this time he’d had both his legs blown off--- he was all of about 20 years old.
turn off 使厌烦Do you know your idea turn me off.
关闭Remember turn off all the lights before you go out.
拐入He turned off into another Hutong quickly.
happen to碰巧The manager happened to be my old friend.
I happened to be on the spot when the car accident happened.
Do you happen to know his telephone number?
I happened to be passing by when he referred to my name.
It so happened that we were friends.
I happened to have seen the film.
blow off炸掉We must blow the bridge off.
吹灭Make a wish before you blow the candles off.
There is dust on the desk, and he wants to blow it off.
吹走 A strong wind blew his car off the highway.
The wind blew the bird off the tree.
all of 实足，不少于+n. (s)
There are all of 24 hours left to finish it.
I have all of 30 dollars for the rest 3 days.
9. I swear that it was the only time I let somebody see what I felt. It took a lot for him to do that, and it sort of said what this war was all about to me.
sort of 有点，有几分I sort of hope he will e.
You are sort of smart.
美语中常用kind of She kind of hates you.
She is kind of cute.
sort v. 分类I want to sort my books. Would you help me?
n. 种类 a sort of / a kind of
[模拟试题]
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese munist Party was founded?
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
5.That is the day ______I’ll never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
6.The factory ______we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year
B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year
D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked
B. which you talked
C. about that you talked
D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which
B. in which
C. on which
D. by which
11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom
B. who
C. which
D. that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom
B. on whom
C. with which
D. with whom
13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who
B. who’s
C. which
D. whose
14.I’m interested in ______you have said.
A. all that
B. all what
C. that
D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which
B. who
C. what
D. as
16.He isn’t such a man ______he used to be.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. as
17.He is good at English, ______we all know.
18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with
B. with whom I went
C. with who I went
D.I went with him
19.I don’t like ______ as you read.
A. the novels
B. the such novels
C. such novels
D. same novels
20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. what
21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. who
22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
A. them
B. which
C. whom
D. who
23.You’re the only person ______I’ve ever met ______could do it.
A. who;/
B./; whom
C. whom;/
D./; who
24.I lost a book, ______I can’t remember now.
A. whose title
B. its title
C. the title of it
D. the title of that
st summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which
B. for that
C. in which
D. what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which
B. which; when
C. what; that
D. on which; when
28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which
B. whose
C. what
D./
29.This is the reason ______he didn’t e to the meeting.
A. in which
B. with which
C. that
D. for which
30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked
B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after
D. I have looked after
31.The reason ______he didn’t e was ______he was ill.
A. why; that
B.that;why
C. for that;that
D.for which;what
32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that
B.which
C.for which
D.who
33.That is not the way ______I do it.
A./
B.which
C.for which
D.with which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which
B. either of which
C. both of that
D. both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was
B. which was
C. as were
D. which
36.My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.
A. that
B. which
C. from that
D. from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. /
B. why
C. when
D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is nevertheless very popular.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. though
[参考答案]
1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2. C. “和谁讲话〞要说speak to sb.此题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。

whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5. A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。

其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

6. C. 解析同第5题。

7. A. 解析见第3题。

8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是复数概念，其谓语动词应用复数的被动语态have beenshown。

如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，那么the one应该视为先行词。

9. A. “谈到某事物〞应说talk aboutsth.。

about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10. A. with which是“介词+关系代词〞的结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有“用〞的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
11. C. in front of which 即in frontof a farmhouse. in front of which在从句中作状语.
12. D. with whom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.
13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.
14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.
15. D. the same…as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as 作从句的主语.
16. D. such… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在此题中,as作表语.
17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。

这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。

as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。

从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。

在本句中,as作宾语.
18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.
19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as的固定搭配，其中such和same 修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。

as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。

such修饰单数名词时,要用such a…,此题中such novels, such直接修饰复数名词.
20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.
21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.
22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.
23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it. who在从句中作主语,不可省略.
24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which
25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语be famous for “以……而闻名〞.
26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. as在本从句中作主语.
27. A. 两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.
28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which〞、when或where，而that常可省略。

29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.
30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.
31. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为〞的含义。

32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
33. A. 解释见28题.
34. D. 主句中的two说明不能选A.从句中的are说明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.
35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…s或thesame…as的固定搭配，其中such和same 修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。

as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。

此题中as作从句的主语.
36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
37. D.
38. D. 解析见35题.
39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.
40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.。