高三英语二轮复习专题能力提升练 七 单项填空.7情态动词和虚拟语气

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专题能力提升练七
限时15分钟
情态动词
1. (2015·杭州模拟)That night, trapped alone in the mountain, she felt cold, hungry and scared. She______.
A. should have cried
B. might cry
C. would cry
D. could have cried
【解析】选D。

句意: 那天晚上, 她只身一人被困在山中, 感到冷、饿和恐惧。

她可能哭过了。

与过去有关应使用“情态动词+have done”结构, could have done过去可能做过某事; should have done本应该做某事(实际上未做)。

2. —I didn’t tell the truth to my head teacher in his office.
—You______. Honesty is the best policy.
A. could
B. should
C. could have
D. should have
【解析】选D。

考查情态动词表虚拟。

句意: ——在校长办公室我没对他说实话。

——你理应说实话的。

诚实是最好的策略。

根据句意可知第一个说话人应该说实话而没有说, 故用should have done,表示“本应该做某事, 而实际没这样做”。

3. —How do you find the movie we saw just now?
—I______it─it will give me terrible dr eams.
A. shouldn’t watch
B. may not watch
C. shouldn’t have watched
D. can’t have watched
【解析】选C。

考查情态动词。

由答句句意“我本不应看的, 那会让我做噩梦”知, C项正确。

4. —Who______it be that is knocking at the door?
—It______be Father, but I’m not sure.
A. can; must
B. can; may
C. must; can
D. may; must
【解析】选B。

考查情态动词表推测。

can表示推测, “可能”, 主要用于疑问句和否定句; may表示推测, “可能”, 可能性比can/could小。

5. (2015·湖州模拟)—You didn’t invite Mary to the ball?
—______her?
A. Must I invite
B. Would I have invited
C. Must I have invited
D. Should I have invited
【解析】选D。

句意: ——你没有邀请玛丽参加舞会吗? ——我本应该邀请她吗? 由You didn’t invite Mary to the ball? 可知此处与过去有关, 因此用情态动词+have done, 根据句意可知D项正确。

6. As you studied late yesterday, you______have got up so early to see me off this morning.
A. shouldn’t
B. ne edn’t
C. can’t
D. mustn’t
【解析】选B。

考查情态动词。

句意: 昨天你学习学到很晚, 今天早上你本没有必要起早来送我。

needn’t have done本没有必要做(事实上已做了)。

7. —The fire in the supermarket last night was terrible!
—They______have taken some measures to prevent it occurring.
A. must
B. will
C. would
D. should
【解析】选D。

考查情态动词。

答句句意为: 他们本应该采取措施来阻止其发生。

should have done本来应该做某事, 而实际没做。

8. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it______be very slow.
A. should
B. must
C. will
D. can
【解析】选D。

考查情态动词。

can用在陈述句中, 表示暂时的可能性。

【加固训练】
(2015·西安二模)Nuclear______be really dangerous at times even though it’s a nice energy in general.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must
【解析】选C。

考查情态动词。

can用在肯定句中表示暂时的可能性。

9. —Mum, my mobile phone is nowhere to be found.
—______it in the locker room of the gym?
A. May you leave
B. Can you have left
C. Could you leave
D. Must you have left
【解析】选B。

句意: ——妈妈, 我的手机找不到了。

——你将它放在体育馆更衣室了吗? must表示肯定推测, 用于肯定句中。

can(not)+ have +过去分词表示对过去事实的否定推测和疑问推测, 用于否定句和疑问句中。

根据语境放在体育馆更衣室应该是对过去的推测。

故选B。

10. If you______leave in this bad weather, please take an umbrella in case.
A. must
B. shall
C. would
D. should
【解析】选A。

考查情态动词。

must在此表示“偏要、硬要”做某事。

句意: 要是你非要在这样恶劣的天气时离开, 请带把雨伞以防万一。

11. Mary, what’s the matter with you? You______have finished your homewor k by 9 o’clock.
A. would
B. should
C. can
D. must
【解析】选B。

考查情态动词。

should have finished“本应该完成(事实上没完成)”。

12. ______you keep it a secret for the time being? It’s just between us.
A. Must
B. Can
C. Should
D. May
【解析】选B。

考查情态动词。

can用在疑问句中表示请求和允许。

13. When camping in woodland, avoid standing under dead trees, which______fall on a windy night.
A. will
B. must
C. should
D. may
【解析】选D。

考查情态动词表示推测。

may可能。

句意: 在森林里野营时, 不要站在枯树下, 在刮风的晚上它们可能会被刮倒。

虚拟语气
14. In order to do something meaningful, it’s necessa ry that you______determine what is really important.
A. must
B. will
C. need
D. should
【解析】选D。

考查虚拟语气。

句意: 为了做一些有意义的事情, 你去决定什么是真正重要的很必要。

这里使用了句型: it’s necessary that+从句, 从句中用should do表示虚拟语气, should可以省略, 所以选D项。

15. —Did Jack take the doctor’s ad vice that he______in bed for another three days?
—If only he______.
A. lie; did
B. lie; had
C. lies; does
D. lies; would
【解析】选B。

考查虚拟语气。

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气, 其构成是“(should+)动词原形”。

if on ly“但愿”, 后接虚拟语气, 表示对过去情况的假设, 用过去完成时。

16. If he should come here tomorrow, the problem______.
A. will be settled
B. will settle
C. would be settled
D. would settle
【解析】选C。

考查虚拟语气。

条件与将来事实相反, 从句谓语用should do/were to do/一般过去式(be多用were); 主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形。

17. —What do you think of the Huawei P7?
—Terrific. I would buy one if I______an iPhone 6 Plus last year.
A. didn’t buy
B. don’t buy
C. hadn’t bought
D. haven’t bought
【解析】选C。

考查虚拟语气。

答句句意: 极好。

如果去年我没买苹果6 Plus的话, 我就会买一个(华为P7)。

从句是和过去情况相反的虚拟, 应用had+过去分词, 选C。

【加固训练】
(2015·天津二模)If you had had everything ready yesterday, you______in such a hurry now.
A. wouldn’t have been
B. wouldn’t be
C. hadn’t been
D. haven’t been
【解析】选B。

考查虚拟语气。

条件与过去事实相反, 从句谓语用过去完成时had+过去分词; 主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟, 谓语动词用would+动词原形。

18. ______the strong winds continue, part of the highway would still be temporarily closed.
A. Could
B. Would
C. Should
D. Might
【解析】选C。

本句是对将来的虚拟, 如果从句谓语动词中包含were, had, should, 可省略if进行部分倒装。

19. My parents are talking about their school days as if they______back at school.
A. are
B. were
C. have been
D. had been
【解析】选B。

句意: 我的父母谈到他们的学校时光就好像他们回到了他们的学校。

as if后跟过去时, 表示与现在事实相反的情况。

故选B。

20. (2015·南开二模)Allen didn’t attend the meeting, otherwise he______some useful suggestions.
A. had put forward
B. would put forward
C. would have put forward
D. put forward
【解析】选C。

考查虚拟语气。

条件暗含在otherwise中, 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 主句谓语用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。

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