高三各类从句评析.ppt
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1、定义：状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修 饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。
2、状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。 3、种类：状语从句按其用途可九种。
一、时间状语从句 二、原因状语从句 三、条件状语从句 四、让步状语从句 五、比较状语从句 六、目的状语从句 七、结果状语从句 八、地点状语从句 九、方式状语从句
It is eight years since he died. It has been two years since I taught English. It is three years since he was a doctor.
as soon as (一…..就……)
I will call you as soon as I get there. Give Lucy the message as soon as you see her.
❖ the minute, the moment, the instant,the second The moment I get there, I will call you.
❖ immediately, instantly, directly…
The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
Let's put off the meeting till tomorrow since so many people are absent.
As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.
No sooner …than… hardly…when… scarcely…when …从句常用一般过去时，主句用过 去完成时
She had no sooner sat down than the bus started. Hardly had they started to work when it began to rain.
部分表示时间的名词也可作从属连词引导时间状语从 句。 the minute, the moment, the instant, the day, the week, the year, the first time, any time, next time, every time,each time, by the time 及少数副词也可作连词 immediately, instantly, directly… He called on me the day he arrived. He fell in love with her the first time he saw her.
A.when B.before
C.after
D.until
They have been good friends C______they entered middle school.
A.because B.before
C.since D.after
__B__ he came to Beijing on business, he would call on me.
III. While 1.表示“在……一段时间里” 通常只能与延 续性动词连用 While he was walking in the street, he met Tim. Strike while the iron is hot. 2. while doing
3.while 还可表示“虽然”，“而” I was busy working ____ he was sleeping.
时间状语从句中，其谓语动词的时态通常用一般 现在时替代将来时。 “主将从现”
I will visit you when you come back.
时间状语从句中要注意的一些从属连词的用法： when , while, as until, till before since as soon as after
It was an exciting moment year, __D__for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when
It is(was)not until…that
It was not until the old worker came in that we began the experiment. 5.在句首多用until，而较少使用till。
Until he was sixteen he had never been away from his native village.
3.注意not until置于句首，主句中的主谓要部分倒装
Not until I shouted at the top of my voice did Tom turn his head. 4.在使用“It is(或was)…that”这类强调结构时，如果 要强调until状语部分，not需要提前，构成
I. When （“当……时候”）
1)既可指某一瞬间，又可指某段时间， When he came in, the teacher was speaking. When I lived there, I used to get up early.
2) when=at that time(就在那时) be about to do… when… be on the point of doing… when… had done sth when was/were doing sth when
after They went home after they had gone to the store.
➢ after doing sth after being done
After being heated, the iron will expand.
by the time (到…..末为止）
since (自从…..到现在，自从……以来) 1. since引导的从句用一般用过去时，主句用 现在完成时。
I have worked here since I graduated from the university.
2. it is/has been +一段时间+since+…瞬间 动词 翻译为“自从某事开始已经有…时间 了”。 It is five years since he left. it is/has been +一段时间+since+…延续性 动词 翻译为“自从某事结束已经有…时间了”
A.By the time B.Each time
C.While D.Before
It is five days __C____I received your letter. A.when B.until C.since D.till
The children don't go to school __D_____ they are seven.
II. as指一个动作过程，常和主句动作同时 发生，并且都是持续发生
1.当……时候
As/While/When they were picking tea, the girls were singing happily.
2.一边...一边…
She sang as she worked.
3.随着
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
A.after B.before C.when D.till
原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有
because, as,since, seeing (that), now (that)(既然), in that（在于），given (that), considering (that)
Seeing that it is twelve o'clock, we won't wait for Mary any longer. Now (that) you mention it, I do remember it. Considering (that) you are old, we decide to let you retire.
We had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
3） when doing/done Be careful when crossing the street. When asked by the police ,she looked very nervous.
before
1.before 常被翻译为“还没来得及做某事” The day began to break before we got to the village. The bus had left before we got to the bus stop. 2. It will be +a period of time(一段时间)+before… “过一段时间某事才会发生” It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment. It was +a period of time(一段时间)+before… “过了一段时间某事就发生了” It was three days before he finished this task.
Because位置句首或句末都可，语气最强 Since 语气比because弱，且其引导的从句多放在句首 ， 通常双方都明确的原因，since一般译为“既然”
as和since引导原因状语从句，其含义差别不大，只是 since比as更正式。as表示原因的语气最弱 for常用作并列连词。它引导的句子只是对其前的内容 加以解释或表示由产生的结果来推断造成这种结果的 理由，而不表示直接因果关系。For只能放在句末。 如果for 表示原因，可与because 替换使用，只能放在 句末。
_____ I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
-I’m going to the post office. --___B_you’re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If
until/till 1.主句为肯定形式时，主句中的动词所表示的动
作是持续性的
He waited until/till the rain stopped.
They worked till /until it was dark. 2.当主句为否定形式时，主句的动词通常为瞬间
动词 “直到…才”
He will not go to bed until/till his mother comes.
By the time he arrived,the train had already gone.
By the time you grow up, you will have understood your parents.
It was not long ___B___he got to know it.
1. for 是不是从属连词?
Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school. He must be ill, for he isn’t at school today.
for 是并列连词,连接并列的两个句子， 而不是主从句。
2. because、since、as、for用法区别
2、状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。 3、种类：状语从句按其用途可九种。
一、时间状语从句 二、原因状语从句 三、条件状语从句 四、让步状语从句 五、比较状语从句 六、目的状语从句 七、结果状语从句 八、地点状语从句 九、方式状语从句
It is eight years since he died. It has been two years since I taught English. It is three years since he was a doctor.
as soon as (一…..就……)
I will call you as soon as I get there. Give Lucy the message as soon as you see her.
❖ the minute, the moment, the instant,the second The moment I get there, I will call you.
❖ immediately, instantly, directly…
The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
Let's put off the meeting till tomorrow since so many people are absent.
As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.
No sooner …than… hardly…when… scarcely…when …从句常用一般过去时，主句用过 去完成时
She had no sooner sat down than the bus started. Hardly had they started to work when it began to rain.
部分表示时间的名词也可作从属连词引导时间状语从 句。 the minute, the moment, the instant, the day, the week, the year, the first time, any time, next time, every time,each time, by the time 及少数副词也可作连词 immediately, instantly, directly… He called on me the day he arrived. He fell in love with her the first time he saw her.
A.when B.before
C.after
D.until
They have been good friends C______they entered middle school.
A.because B.before
C.since D.after
__B__ he came to Beijing on business, he would call on me.
III. While 1.表示“在……一段时间里” 通常只能与延 续性动词连用 While he was walking in the street, he met Tim. Strike while the iron is hot. 2. while doing
3.while 还可表示“虽然”，“而” I was busy working ____ he was sleeping.
时间状语从句中，其谓语动词的时态通常用一般 现在时替代将来时。 “主将从现”
I will visit you when you come back.
时间状语从句中要注意的一些从属连词的用法： when , while, as until, till before since as soon as after
It was an exciting moment year, __D__for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when
It is(was)not until…that
It was not until the old worker came in that we began the experiment. 5.在句首多用until，而较少使用till。
Until he was sixteen he had never been away from his native village.
3.注意not until置于句首，主句中的主谓要部分倒装
Not until I shouted at the top of my voice did Tom turn his head. 4.在使用“It is(或was)…that”这类强调结构时，如果 要强调until状语部分，not需要提前，构成
I. When （“当……时候”）
1)既可指某一瞬间，又可指某段时间， When he came in, the teacher was speaking. When I lived there, I used to get up early.
2) when=at that time(就在那时) be about to do… when… be on the point of doing… when… had done sth when was/were doing sth when
after They went home after they had gone to the store.
➢ after doing sth after being done
After being heated, the iron will expand.
by the time (到…..末为止）
since (自从…..到现在，自从……以来) 1. since引导的从句用一般用过去时，主句用 现在完成时。
I have worked here since I graduated from the university.
2. it is/has been +一段时间+since+…瞬间 动词 翻译为“自从某事开始已经有…时间 了”。 It is five years since he left. it is/has been +一段时间+since+…延续性 动词 翻译为“自从某事结束已经有…时间了”
A.By the time B.Each time
C.While D.Before
It is five days __C____I received your letter. A.when B.until C.since D.till
The children don't go to school __D_____ they are seven.
II. as指一个动作过程，常和主句动作同时 发生，并且都是持续发生
1.当……时候
As/While/When they were picking tea, the girls were singing happily.
2.一边...一边…
She sang as she worked.
3.随着
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
A.after B.before C.when D.till
原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有
because, as,since, seeing (that), now (that)(既然), in that（在于），given (that), considering (that)
Seeing that it is twelve o'clock, we won't wait for Mary any longer. Now (that) you mention it, I do remember it. Considering (that) you are old, we decide to let you retire.
We had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
3） when doing/done Be careful when crossing the street. When asked by the police ,she looked very nervous.
before
1.before 常被翻译为“还没来得及做某事” The day began to break before we got to the village. The bus had left before we got to the bus stop. 2. It will be +a period of time(一段时间)+before… “过一段时间某事才会发生” It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment. It was +a period of time(一段时间)+before… “过了一段时间某事就发生了” It was three days before he finished this task.
Because位置句首或句末都可，语气最强 Since 语气比because弱，且其引导的从句多放在句首 ， 通常双方都明确的原因，since一般译为“既然”
as和since引导原因状语从句，其含义差别不大，只是 since比as更正式。as表示原因的语气最弱 for常用作并列连词。它引导的句子只是对其前的内容 加以解释或表示由产生的结果来推断造成这种结果的 理由，而不表示直接因果关系。For只能放在句末。 如果for 表示原因，可与because 替换使用，只能放在 句末。
_____ I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
-I’m going to the post office. --___B_you’re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If
until/till 1.主句为肯定形式时，主句中的动词所表示的动
作是持续性的
He waited until/till the rain stopped.
They worked till /until it was dark. 2.当主句为否定形式时，主句的动词通常为瞬间
动词 “直到…才”
He will not go to bed until/till his mother comes.
By the time he arrived,the train had already gone.
By the time you grow up, you will have understood your parents.
It was not long ___B___he got to know it.
1. for 是不是从属连词?
Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school. He must be ill, for he isn’t at school today.
for 是并列连词,连接并列的两个句子， 而不是主从句。
2. because、since、as、for用法区别