简单句和并列句(二)

比较： 比较： The river is not safe to swim. The river is not safe to swim in. She is pleasant to talk. She is pleasant to talk with.
3) be + 形容词 + to（to 为介词） to（ 为介词） 如：similar, equal, dear, close, respectful, sensitive, true, superior, inferior, loyal, sincere, kind, due, accustomed, subject… He is blind to his own mistake. She is indifferent to such trifles. He is opposed to the plan.
方式状语: 方式状语: He faces the accident calmly. She entered the room nervously. He did the work in a casual way. He cooked in the English style. He posted the letter air mail. They dressed the boy cowboy style.
4) be + 形容词 + at clever, pleased, no good, good, surprised, brilliant, better, astonished, puzzled, angry, bad, delighted. He is not expert at English. I am disgusted at his words. She is alarmed at the sound.
介词短语: 介词短语: She did it for her own good. In case of fire, call the police. With your help, I am sure to succeed. But for the advice, he would have gone astray. In the event of snow, the match will be cancelled. He did all this with a view to making her happy.
2) be + 形容词 + 不定式 Nice, useful, ready, dangerous, fit, pleasant, convenient, sufficient, cheap, awkward, easy, expensive, horrible, simple, hard awful, amusing, impossible, strange, funny, interesting, extraordinary… 如： The essay is difficult to read. Her words are hard to understand. The water is not fit to drink.
1． 简单句基本句型： 简单句基本句型：
Bird fly. The early bird catches the worm. They are birds of a feather. I heard the birds singing merrily. She bought the bird a cage.
with 结构： 结构： A woman with a baby in her arm entered the room. An old man with some teeth missing was sitting under the tree. Along the road she saw all kinds of flowers with their heads nodding in the wind.
分词: 分词: He was gazing into the distance, lost in thought. He sat on a huge rock, with his gun laid by. Considering his age, the work is well done. Meeting anywhere else, they wouldn’t have recognized each other.
分词： 分词： The room facing the yard is her study. The book being studied is a classical novel. The student, scolded by the teacher, is her brother. The letter written in the eighteenth century is now very valuable.
(3) 表语的扩展 1）be + 形容词 + 不定式 eager, prepared, amazed, unable, contented, sorry, sure, liable, determined, keen, reluctant, lucky, ready, anxious, apt, hesitant, mad, friendly, pride, crazy, polite… 如： She is willing to lend me the money. He is stupid to say that. She is pleased to see him back. He is grieved to hear the news.
并列主语： 并列主语： Fame, money and position are what he aspires. Playing football and dancing are his favorites. To die or not to die is the question.
同位语： 同位语： Every one, me included, would rather have coffee. Animals, particularly pandas, hold much attention to children. The questions, chiefly questions about the adventure, were asked by the students. His aim, to realize his early dream, will be achieved. His only hobby, going fishing, has brought him a lot of benefits.
2． 简单句的扩展 ----（1）主语的扩展 ----（ 不定式： 不定式： His efforts to carry out the task is admirable. Her reluctance to do it troubles us. The items to be included in the plan will be discussed at the meeting. Decision has been made to build another temple in the hill. A lot of magazines for women to read have been published. There’s no reason for her to efuse it.
A New English Grammar
Vice Professor Gan Daixia 2010.3
简单句和并列句 一. 简单句 只有一个主谓结构的独立分句叫简 单句。在简单句中， 单句。在简单句中，主语和谓语可 以由一个词或短语充当， 以由一个词或短语充当，也可以由 两个或两个以上的词或短语充当， 两个或两个以上的词或短语充当， 组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。 组成并列的主语或并列的谓语。除 了主语和谓语外， 了主语和谓语外，简单句中还可以 有宾语、定语、状语和补语。 有宾语、定语、状语和补语。
并列成分: 并列成分: She neither hates nor loves him. He may and should do it for her. She waited and waited and waited. The girl smiled, or rather laughed.
空间状语: 空间状语: An old pine tree stood in front of his house. Mongolia lies on the north of China. The bus is running eastwards. The plane will fly the whole distance.
Given more time, we could do it well. Having been discouraged by the failure, he lost heart. Not having heard from him, she became worried.
独立主格: 独立主格: She held her daughter, tears streaming down her face. With only one hour to go, they quickened their steps. So many people being absent, they cancelled the meeting. With his heart beating fast, he slowed down. Her son having left, she lives alone in the house. No food left, he had to go begging.
评述状语： 评述状语： To make a long story short, she lost the ring. Frankly, I don’t like it. Quite honestly, he is not qualified for the jobs. Rightly, he helped her at that time. To my amazement, he won the gold medal.
(2) 谓语的扩展： 不定式： 谓语的扩展： 不定式： She appeared to have suffered a lot. He will never get to understand it. He doesn’t seem to be interested in it. You are supposed to return it in two days’ time. It is meant to give her a warning. He is said to have gone abroad. The old are to be respected.
程度状语: 程度状语: She obviously enjoys the music. I partially agree with him. He hates her a great deal. It doesn’t matter in the least. She kind of likes him. He all but fell over the ship. She little cares about what happens to him. I fully agree with you. He wounded her deeply.