【词汇讲解】Unit2Learningaboutlanguage重点词汇精讲

【词汇讲解】Unit 2 Learning about language 重点词汇精讲
课文知识精讲
1. However, as she was afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice, raw vegetables, banana and lemons.
然而，因为她害怕朋友们嘲笑她，她没有咨询医生，而是吃规定的饮食，吃饭、生蔬菜、香蕉和柠檬。

重要词汇
◆however / hau'evə/
adv. despite anything to the contrary然而；可是；仍然；不过（常单独置于句首、句末或句中，并且要用逗号或分号与其他部分隔开。

）
e.g. I’d like to go with you, however, my hands are full.
我很想和你一块去。

可是我忙不过来。

The composition is all right, there is room for improvement, however.
这篇作文还不错,不过还可以改进。

思维拓展(1) however“无论如何；不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句，其后接形容词或副词，其句型结构为：however + adj. /adv. +主语+谓语……。

e.g. However hot it is, he will not take off his coat. 无论多热，他也不会脱掉外套。

However hard the task may be, we must finish it in time.
不管任务多么艰巨，我们必须及时完成它。

(2) however conj.“无论用什么方法”，其后不接形容词或副词。

e.g. However you use it, it won’t break. 无论你怎么使用，它都不会出毛病。

He can go however he likes.他爱怎么去就怎么去好了。

典例精析Later, ______, he passed the exam.
A. however
B. yet
C. while
D. but
解析：答案选A。

句意为：然而他后来通过了考试。

however用逗号和句子隔开表示“然而”。

◆consult /kən'sʌlt/
vt. get or ask advice from咨询；请教；商量
e.g. Have you consulted your lawyer about this？你就此事问过你的律师了吗？
I consulted the telephone book for his address. 我查阅电话簿找他的住址。

短语搭配consult sb. about sth.咨询；请教
consult (with) sb. (about/on sth.)与某人商议某事
思维拓展consult作“查阅”讲时，consult相当于refer to或turn to，后面接查询的工具书；look up也有“查阅”之意，但它后面接要查询的问题或内容。

e.g. If you meet with any new words you may consult/refer to /turn to the dictionary. (=If you
meet with any new words you may look them up in the dictionary.)
如果遇到生词你可以查阅词典。

典例精析Don’t ____ a dictionary every time you come across a new word while reading, otherwise you will soon get bored and stop reading.
A. look up
B. consult
C. refer
D. discuss
解析：答案选B。

look up后面一般跟查找的内容；refer必须和to搭配才能跟宾语。

2. She didn’t dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. 她不敢面对她的男朋友，不愿再见她的朋友们。

◆dare / dɛə/
vt. to be courageous enough to try or do something 敢；胆敢；有勇气做；敢面对
e.g. He didn’t dare to speak to her. 他不敢和她说话。

Do you dare to fight him?你敢和他对抗吗？
He will dare any danger. 他敢冒任何危险。

思维拓展dare既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词。

(1)做实义动词时，与普通词用法一样，有人称和数的变化，否定句及疑问句借助于助动
词do。

用作及物动词时，后跟不定式做宾语，to有时可省去。

(2)dare用作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句及条件句中。

它没有人称和数的变化，
但可以有过去时态dared，其否定形式为daren’t。

作为情态词，其后应直接跟动词原形。

e.g. I dare not/daren’t climb the mountain.我不敢爬那座山。

How dare you say such a thing?你竟敢说出这种话来？
典例精析The woman in the office _________ the fact.
A. dare not to say
B. didn't not dare saying
C. dare not saying
D. did not dare to say
解析：答案选D。

句中的dare作实义动词后面跟不定式。

3. I can’t stand tomatoes…
我不能忍受西红柿……
◆stand /stænd/
vt. put up with something or somebody unpleasant忍受；忍耐
e.g. I can’t stand this pain.我无法忍受这般疼痛。

This shirt didn’t stand washing.这件衬衫不耐洗。

She can’t stand having nothing to do.没事干她受不了。

同类辨析bear, stand与tolerate的区别
(1) endure为正式用语，指不屈不挠地面对长时间的痛苦与不幸。

e.g. If help does not come, we must endure to the end.
如果帮助不到，我们必须忍受到结束。

(2) bear为一般用语，指在精神或身体上承受某种痛苦，也可指承担某种责任。

e.g. I can't bear the sound of chalk scrapping on the blackboard.
我不能忍受粉笔在黑板上写字发出的刺耳声音。

(3) stand为非正式用语, 可与bear 互换，暗含“顽强、勇敢”之意。

e.g.He can stand more than anyone else I know.
他比我所知道的其他任何人更能忍受痛苦。

4. Well, you have to eat food with plenty of fibre that helps you digest better.
好吧，你不得不吃一些富含纤维的食物才能够帮助你更好的消化食物。

◆digest / dai'dʒest/
(1) vi. & vt. convert food into absorbable substances消化
e.g. The baby is too small to digest meat.婴儿太小，吃肉不消化。

You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest.
饭后你应该留点时间让食物消化。

(2) vi. & vt. arrange and integrate in the mind领会；领悟；理解；吸收
e.g. He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.
他停了一会儿，等她慢慢领会这一信息。

I struggled to digest the news.我费力地琢磨着那条新闻的意思。

词汇派生digestion n. 消化；消化功能
e.g. He has a good/poor digestion. 他消化力强／差。

典例精析It took me some time to ______ what I had heard.
A. digest
B. swallow
C. eat
D. chew
解析：答案选A。

句意为：我花了很长时间来领会我所听到的。

digest表示“领会；领悟”。

5. Not exactly, if you love fried chicken, you needn’t give it up.
并非如此，如果你喜欢炸鸡，你不必放弃它。

◆give up 放弃
e.g. You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟, 我去年就戒掉了.
The girl gave up halfway. 这女孩中途放弃。

思维拓展
give away 分发；泄露，暴露give back 还给；恢复（健康等）
give in让步，妥协，投降，认输give off 散发出
give out 散发；消耗，用完
e.g. He gave away all his pictures. 他把所有的画都送人了。

Please don’t give my secret away. 请不要泄漏我的秘密。

I must call at the library to give back this book. 我必须去图书馆还书。

Living here has given me back my health. 住在这里我的健康恢复了。

The enemy is surrounded and must soon give in. 敌人被包围了必须马上投降。

The flowers give off a sweet fragrance. 花散发出甜美的香气。

You can’t have a hot bath—the water will give out.你不能洗热水澡，水快没了。

典例精析—Mary told me she would ______ computer studies.
—Really? I’ll try my best to ask her to ________ such foolish ideas.
A. pick up, give up
B. put away, give up
C. give up, put away
D. give up, pick up
解析：答案选A。

pick up此处表示“从事”；give up表示“放弃”。

6. You don’t have to worry too much.
你不必过分地担心。

◆too much 过多、过分、太多
e.g. You’ve given us too much help.你给我们的帮助太多了。

You talk too much.你话说得太多了。

同类辨析too much与much too 的区别
too much在句中可做状语，多修饰不及物动词，且位于不及物动词之后。

做定语时应修
饰不可数名词。

它还可以单独做主语、宾语或表语，代替不可数名词的概念或抽象概念；much too“太，十分”，在句中做状语修饰形容词或副词原级。

e.g.Too much has been said about it. 关于此事说得太多了。

（主语）
You have given her too much. 你给她的（东西）实在是太多了。

（宾语）
He came much too late. 太晚了，太迟了。

典例精析Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_____ to carry all the way home.
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
解析：答案选A。

much too用来修饰形容词或副词，而too much后接不可数名词或修饰动词或单独使用作表语。