专题01七年级期末语法易错点-牛津译林版初中英语第一学期期末考试易错题归纳

专题02 七年级期末语法易错点
一般现在时
1．表示经常或习惯性的动作
She watches TV on Saturdays．她周六看电视。

I read newspapers at breakfast every morning．我每天早饭时看报纸。

2．表示客观事实
Cats eat fish．猫吃鱼。

A duck has two legs．鸭子有两条腿。

3．表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力
Simon likes playing football．西蒙喜欢踢足球。

I am a teacher．我是一个老师。

4．一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要用“三单形式”，其他人称用动词原形。

动词三单形式的变化规则：
(1)多数直接在动词词尾加s，如：like→likes，play→plays，meet→meets。

(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变i，再加es，如：study→studies，fly→flies。

(3)以sh，ch，ss，x或一些以o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加es。

如：wash→washes，fix→fixes．dress→dresses，do→does，go→goes。

人称代词的主格和宾格
人称代词是用来代表人或事物的代词，有人称、数(单复数)、格(主格、宾格)以及性别(男女)的变化。

人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。

其变化规律如下表所示：
1．人称代词的主格
人称代词的主格分为单数：I，you，he，she，it和复数：we，you，they。

人称代词的主格在句中作主语。

I have many new friends．They are all very nice．我有很多新朋友。

他们都非常好。

Are you in Class 4，Grade ? 你在七年级四班吗?
Kitty is cute．She loves dancing．基蒂很可爱。

她喜欢跳舞。

2．人称代词的宾格
人称代词的宾格也分为单数：me，you，him，her，it和复数：us，you，them。

人称代词的宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。

Thank you for helping me with my homework．谢谢你帮助我做家庭作业。

(作动词宾语)
My school is beautiful．I like it very much．
我的学校很漂亮。

我非常喜欢它。

(作动词宾语)
It’s nice of you to chat with me for so long．
你真好，和我聊了这么长时间。

(作介词宾语)
时间介词：at，on，in
介词at，in和on都可以用在时间前，但用法有所不同。

1．at用于表示时间点、一日三餐、年龄和一些节日前。

Afternoon classes are over at 4：30 P．m．下午的课四点半结束。

The Chinese eat rice dumplings at the Dragon Boat Festival．端午节中国人吃粽子。

At breakfast Tom likes reading morning newspapers．汤姆喜欢早餐时读晨报。

At eighteen。

he finishes school．十八岁时，他毕业了。

某些习惯用法中也用at：
at noon在中午at night在晚上at that time当时at first 首先
2．on用于表示某一段时间，特指某天或某天上午、下午或晚上前。

Shenzhou IX went into space on June 16th．六月十六日，神州9号升空。

We do not go to school on Saturday．周六我们不上学。

On Saturday afternoon，the children go back home early．周六下午，孩子们回家很早。

They have lots of fun on Children’s Day．他们童节玩得非常开心。

3．in用于表示世纪、年、月、季节、年代等前面。

In China，the longest day is in June．在中国，最长的一天在六月。

It’s very cold here in winter．这里冬天很冷。

The hairstyle was popular in the 1990s．这种发型在20世纪90年代很流行。

常见含介词in的习惯搭配：
in the morning／afternoon／evening 在上午／下午／晚上
in the daytime 在白天
表示方式、方法、手段的介词
1．by ：表示交通工具，用哪一种方式
by bus 搭公车
by train 搭火车
by bike 骑自行车
by air =by plane 乘飞机
by sea =by ship 乘船
2．with ：表示工具、器官……
with a pen 用笔
with a pencil 用铅笔
with my mouth 用我的嘴
with my eyes 用我的眼睛
How did you eat ? 你怎样吃的？
I eat with a spoon . 我用勺吃。

3．in ：表示方法
I say in English .我用英语说。

其他：in ink 用墨水……
可数和不可数名词
普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。

表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词，可数名词单数前面可以用不定冠词a／an来修饰。

1．名词复数的规则变化：
(1)在词尾后加s。

如：book→books，cup→cups
(2)以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词后加一es。

如：bus→buses，box→boxes，dish→dishes。

watch→watches。

(3)以f，fe结尾的词，先将f或fe变成v再加es。

如：half→halves，wife→wives．
(4)以o结尾表示有生命的事物的词后加es。

如：hero→heroes，potato→potatoes。

tomato→tomatoes，mango→mangoes。

(5)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加es；以元音字母加y结尾的词，直接在词尾加
s。

如：city→cities，family→families，boy→boys，day→days。

2．名词复数的不规则变化：
(1)元音发生变化。

如：
man→men，woman→women，foot→feet．tooth→teeth，mouse→mice，goose→geese
(2)单复数同形。

如：
a sheep→two sheep两只羊，a deer→five deer五只鹿，a fish→a lot of fish许多鱼，
a Chinese→some Chinese一些中国人，a Japanese→three Japanese三个日本人
(3)有些名词只有复数形式。

如：
clothes衣服，trousers裤子，glasses眼镜，scissors剪刀，chopsticks筷子
(4)合成名词变为复数时，两个词都要变为复数。

如：
two men doctors两名男医生，10 women teachers 10名女教师
3．不可数名词
不可数名词表示不能计算数目的人或物。

它们前面不能用不定冠词a／an修饰，没有复数形式。

不可数名词要表示数量，要借助于量词。

如：
a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡，three pieces of bread 三片面包
用some和any表示数量
some和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰或代替不可数名词，也可修饰或代替可数名词。

1．some一般用于肯定句中；any多用于疑问句、否定句和(表示“如果”的)条件句中。

some 和any可用作代词，作主语或宾语，也可用作形容词作定语。

Some of the students will go camping．一些学生将去野营。

(作主语)
There isn’t any food in the fridge．冰箱里没有食物。

(作定语)
If you have any water，please give me some．
如果你有水，请给我一些。

(any作定语，some作宾语)
2．some也可用于疑问句，表示说话人希望得到对方肯定的回答或表示请求、建议。

May I have some water? 我可以喝一些水吗?
Would you like some apples? 你想吃些苹果吗?
3．some用于单数可数名词前时，表示“某个”，而不是“一些”。

This morning some boy asked for you．今天上午，有个男孩要求见你。

4．any也可用于肯定句中，这时它的意思不是“一些”，而是“任何”，修饰单数可数名词。

Take any book you like．你喜欢哪本书就拿哪本。

Any student knows it．任何学生都知道这件事。

另外，any也可以用作状语，修饰比较级，表示程度。

I can’t stay here any longer．我不能再待在这儿了。

There be结构
there is／are表示“某地有／存在某物”。

1．肯定句式：
There is a bed in this room．这个房间里有一张床。

There are many eggs in the kitchen．厨房里有很多鸡蛋。

2．否定句式：
There is not／isn’t a school here．这儿没有学校。

There are not／aren’t any students in the classroom．教室里没有学生。

3．一般疑问句句式：
一Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗?
Yes，there is．是的，有。

No，there isn’t．不，没有。

一Are there any flowers in the garden? 花园里有花吗?
Yes，there are．是的，有。

No，there aren’t．不，没有。

4．在一般疑问句前加相应的疑问词。

How many people are there in your family? 你家有几口人?
How much water is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水
【注意】
(1)当there be结构后面有两个或两个以上名词时，动词be要遵循“就近原则”。

There is a book and two pencils on the desk．桌子上有一本书和两支铅笔。

There are some students and a teacher in the classroom．教室里有一些学生和一位老师。

(2)问“……有……”时，不论回答是单数还是复数，都用句型what’s…或what is…?
而不用What is there…?或What are there…?
一what’s on the table? 桌子上有什么?
—There are some boxes on it．桌子上有一些盒子。

一what’s in the bowl? 碗里有什么?
一There is some rice．有一些米饭。

情态动词
种类：
用法：
1.情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。

2.变否定直接在情态动词后加not.
3.变疑问时直接将情态动词提前，但肯定回答和否定回答三特殊：
A表示建议“你愿意…吗”Would you like to go shopping with me?
Yes, I’d love(like) to/…
No, thanks .
B Must + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ～must. / No, ～needn’t.
C May + 主语+ 动词原形？Yes, ~ can/may. / Yes , please .
No , ~ can’t . / No, you mustn't.
【易错题整理】
一、单项选择
1. I have lunch at school, but my mother ________ lunch at school.
A. isn’t have
B. hasn’t have
C. don’t have
D. doesn’t have
2. Maths _______ my favorite lesson.
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
3. — ________ English classes do you have every week? — Six.
A. How often
B. How much
C. How many
D. How long
4. — When do you get up _______ Sunday morning?
— I get up ________ 8:30.
A. in：at
B. on；at
C. on：on
D. in；on
5. — Is this your sweater, Joy?
— No. It’s not ________ sweater. ________ is yellow.
A. my；My
B. my；Mine
C. mine；Mine
D. mine；My
6. Who ________ from America? Sandy and I ________.
A. is e；does
B. es；do
C. are e；do
D. is；is
7.—Would you like __________ orange juice?
—No, thanks. There is __________ in my bottle.
A. some, some
B. any, any
C. some, any
D. any, some
8. The 19th National Congress of the munist Party of China (中共十九大) opened in Beijing _________ October 18, 2017 .
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. as
9. Tom doesn’t like playing volleyball, so he _______ plays it.
A. usually
B. often
C. seldom
D. always
10. Look at the girl in the red skirt. _______ is my new classmate.
A. He
B. It
C. She
D. They
11. —Hi, boys! Are you my new classmates? —Yes, ________.
A. you are
B. we are
C. I am
D. they are
12. — _______ is the school basketball match?
— Wednesday, 18 December.
A. When
B. What
C. Where
D. How
13. Millie ________ with her classmates in the classroom after class every day.
A. chat
B. is chatting
C. are chatting
D. chats
【答案】15 DACCB 610 BABCC 1113 BAD
14.There is ________ useful book and _______ interesting novel on the desk.
【A】a, a 【B】an, an 【C】a, an 【D】an, a
【答案】C
15.The pair of trousers is very nice. Can I ________ ?
【A】try it on 【B】try on 【C】try them on 【D】try on them
【答案】C
16.There _________ many new books in your room. But I _______ only one.
【A】have, have 【B】is, have 【C】are, has 【D】are, have
【答案】C
17.Dad, my trousers are old. I want to buy a new _______.
【A】Trousers 【B】one 【C】it 【D】pair
【答案】D
18.Look! There is ______ sheep on the hill. How lovely!
【A】a little 【B】some 【C】many 【D】much
【答案】A
19._______ you wach every week? About two hours.
【A】How long 【B】How often 【C】How much 【D】How many
【答案】C
20.There will be fireworks in Wenmin Square ______ the night of this Sunday.
【A】on 【B】in 【C】at 【D】
【答案】A
21.Half of the class ______ the homework now.
Some of the homework _______ really difficult.
【A】are doing, is 【B】is doing, are 【C】is doing, is 【D】are doing, are
【答案】A
22.________ do you like Halloween for?
Because it is interesting.
【A】Why 【B】How 【C】When 【D】What
【答案】D
23.Don’t you go to school _______ breakfast?
_____________.
【A】with, OK, I will 【B】with, Sorry, I won’t 【C】without, OK, I will 【D】without, Sorry, I won’t 【答案】D
24.Look at the picture. The girl between ________ is the exchange student.
【A】I and Lily 【B】Lily and I 【C】me and Lily 【D】Lily and me
【答案】D
25.The IPhone 13 is not ______ and I don't have_____ to buy it.
【A】enough cheap, enough money 【B】expensive enough, money enough
【C】enough expensive, enough money 【D】cheap enough, enough money
【答案】D
二、从方框中选择合适的词语并用其正确形式填空。

1. She ___________ England. She is an English girl.
2. Tom ___________ singing.
3. I will ___________ you ___________ our village tomorrow.
4. We ___________ to go to Wuhan this summer.
5. Can you ___________ my edog.
6. ___________ going shopping after school?
7. I ___________ my parents in Beijing, China.
8. He ___________ school early every day.
【答案】
1.is from
2. is good at
3. show; around
4. would like
5. look after
6. What about
7. live with
8. gets
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Many people don’t enjoy _______(live) in big cities.
2. He ________(eat) breakfast at 7:30 every morning.
3. He has a lot of good ________(friend).
4. He likes English. He spends lots of time ________(read) it every day.
5. I would like ________(buy) a pen and some books.
6. You need ________(do) morning exercises every day.
7. —How many ________(tooth) does a dog have?
—Sorry, I have no idea. Let’s search on the Internet.
8. She ________(go) to see the film every Sunday.
9. Thank you for ________(e) to my party.
10. Let’s ________(play) basketball.
【答案】
2.living 2. eats
3. friends
4. reading
5. to buy
6. to do
7. teeth 8. goes 9. ing 10. play
四、单项填空
1. There ________any food.
A. aren't
B. isn't
C. is
D. are
2. Whose trousers ________these?
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
3. They are________ friends.
A. mine
B. my
C. me
D. I
4. I have two brothers. ________is a driver, ________is a policeman.
A. One, one
B. One, other
C. One, the other
D. The one, the one
5. How many________ in your family?
A. people is there
B. peoples is there
C. people are there
D. peoples are there
6. Is that ________new class room?
A. we's
B. our
C. ours
D. our's
7. There is not ________tea in the box.
A. some
B. many
C. a lot
D. any
8. Where are ________glasses? They are near ________bag.
A. the, a
B. a, the
C. a, a
D. the, the
9. One of ________girls ________English.
A. this, are
B. this, is
C. these, are
D. these, is
10. There are some oranges ________the tree. Look! There is a bird ________it, too.
A. in, on
B. on, in
C. in, in
D. on, on
11. Let me have ________look.
A. a
B. the
C. an
D. /
12. What's that ________English?
A. about
B. of
C. in
D. by
【答案】15 BBBCC610 BDDDB 1112AC
1.There isn't _____water in the glass. Let's go and get some.
A. many
B. lots
C. any
D. some
2.There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.
A. was
B. had
C. is
D. were
3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. to be
4. There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some? Just a little, please.
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
7. There is a boy _______at the door.
A. stand
B. standing
C. stood
D. is standing
8. _______is in the house?
There is an old women in the house.
A. What
B. Whose
C. Who
D.Which
9. There used to be a tower here, _____?
A. usedn't it
B. used there
C. didn't it
D. didn't there
10. There ____a meeting tonight.
A. is going be
B. is going to have
C. is going to
D. is going to be 【答案】15CACAB610ABCDD
五、用动词的正确时态填空
1.I________(talk).You________(listen)to me now.
2.Look,the boy__________(run)fast.
3.What are you doing?
I_________(do) my homework.
4._______the students_______(read) English.
Yes,they are.
5.Tom_______(not study)English.He is studying Chinese.
6.Who_______(sing)a song?
Li Ying is.
7.The girl_______(not eat)bananas now.
8.Where____they____(stand)?
They are standing over there.
9.Look！The boy over there_______(ply) a model plane.
10.What is Meimei doing now?
She______(watch)TV with her parents
11.He____(study) English very hard.
12.We often____(buy)books and things like that in the shop.
13.Polly____(not eat) a banana now.
【答案】
1、am；talking；are listening；
2、are running；
3、am doing；
4、Are；reading；
5、is not studying；
6、is singing；
7、isn‘t eating；
8、Are standing；
9、is plying；
10、is watching；11、studies；12、buy；13、is not eating。