高中英语真题-2015届高考英语二轮阅读类测试(含写作)(6)_1

高中英语真题:2015届高考英语二轮阅读类测
试（含写作）（6）
【2015高考复习】完形填空
The day finally came，
when I had to leave the warm home where I’d grown up.I ran t o the back yard，
as tears came up from my heart.Suddenly I__1__a hand rest on my shoulder.I looked up to__2__my grandfather.“It isn’t__3 __，is it，Billy？” he said softly.
Gently__4__my hand in his，we walked，hand in hand，
to the front yard，__5__a huge red rosebush sat alone.“What do you see here，
Billy？” he asked.I looked at the flowers，
not knowing__6__to say，and then answered，
“I see something soft and__7__，grandpa.”
He pulled me__8__.“It isn’t just the roses that are beautiful，Billy.It’s that special place in your heart that makes them so.”“Billy，
I__9__these roses when my first son was born.It was my__10
__of saying ‘thank you’ to God.I__11__to watch him pick roses for his mother.Then，as a young man of only 20，
a terrible war robbed him of his life.” Grandpa slowly stood up.“Never say goodbye，
Billy.Never__12__to the sadness and the loneliness.Instead，I want you to remember the joy and the__13__when you first s aid hello to a friend.”
A year later，
my grandpa became very__14__.Then all members of the fam ily were__15__back，
and I returned to the old house.When it came to my__16__，I took his hand as__17__as he had once taken mine.“Hello，
grandpa，” I__18__.His eyes slowly opened and said，“Hello，my friend.” With a brief__19__he died.Suddenly，and truly.I knew what he had __20__ about never saying good bye—about refusing to give in to sadness.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述一天“我”为离开温暖的家而伤心难过时，祖父过来安慰“我”，并告诉“我”无论发生什么永远不要说再见。

直到祖父去世时，“我”才真正明白祖父所说的“永远不要说再见”的真正含义——不要屈服于悲伤和难过。

1. A.felt B．fixed
C．watched D．heard
解析根据语境可知，此处指“我”跑到后院，任泪水流淌。

突然“我”感觉有只手放在“我”的肩膀上。

feel感觉到，符合语境。

答案A
2．A.watch B．interview
C．see D．discover
解析此处指“我”抬起头结果看见是祖父。

see强调看的结果；watch强调有意识地“观看”。

答案C
3．A.difficult B．hard
C．easy D．comfortable
解析由上文可知，祖父看到“我”因不得不离开家而悲伤难过得哭了，所以他会说“不容易是吗”，故此处应为easy。

答案C
4．A.making B．taking
C．leading D．carrying
解析根据倒数第二段最后一句话
“...I took his hand as________as he had once taken mine.”可知，此处应填taking，与下文相照应。

答案B
5．A.where B．when
C．which D．while
解析“________a huge red rosebush sat alone”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the front yard，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。

答案A
6．A.what B．how
C．who D．whether
解析此处指“我”看着花不知道该说什么。

________to say为宾语从句，从句中缺少成分，故应用关系代词what引导，作动词say的宾语。

答案A
7．A.red B．tasty
C．funny D beautiful
解析根据下文“It isn’t just the roses that are beautiful，Billy.”可知，此处应填beautiful，与下文相照应。

答案D
8．A.close B．hard
C．far D．around
解析根据语境可知，此处是指祖父把“我”拉近。

close符合语境。

答案A
9．A.bought B．planted
C．treated D．discovered
解析根据语境可知，此处是指当祖父的第一个儿子出生时，他种植了这些玫瑰。

plant意为“种植”，符合语境。

答案B
10．A.approach B．method
C．way D．solution
解析method指相当精心安排的技术技巧所构成的方法，强调以效率与精确为其目标；way为普通用语，指一般的方法，a/the way of doing sth./to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”；A、D 项之后都接介词to。

答案C
11．A.preferred B．wanted
C．referred D．used
解析由下文“a terrible war robbed him of his life”可知，此处为祖父过去常常看儿子摘玫瑰花给妻子，而现在无法看到了，因为战争夺去了他年轻的生命。

used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，符合语境。

答案D
12．A.give up B．give off
C．give in D．give away
解析give up放弃；give off发出(气味等)；give in屈服，让步；give away赠送；泄露，出卖。

根据文章最后一句话“...about refusing to give in to sadness.”可知，此处应填give in，与下文相照应。

答案C
13．A.word B．happiness
C．sight D．memory
解析由并列连词and可知，空格处与前面joy相呼应。

答案B
14．A.ill B．weak
C．old D．serious
解析由下一句
“Then all members of the family were________back，
and I returned to the old house.”可知，祖父这时病重。

答案A
15．A.ordered B．called
C．delivered D．sent
解析由于祖父病重，所以把家里所有的成员都叫回来。

call 符合语境。

答案B
16．A.pleasure B．duty
C．turn D．wish
解析此处指祖父临终前和家人作临终告白，当轮到“我”时……turn意为“轮流”，符合语境。

答案C
17．A.happily B．sadly
C．carefully D．gently
解析由第二段“Gently________my hand in his...”可知，当轮到“我”时，“我”像祖父曾经抓住“我”的手一样轻轻地抓住他的手。

所以gently符合语境。

答案D
18．ughed B．shouted
C．added D．whispered
解析laugh笑；shout喊叫，大声说；add接着说，补充说；whisper小声说，耳语。

此处指“我”小声地说：“你好，祖父”。

A、B、C项皆不符合语境。

答案D
19．A.sign B．sigh
C．smile D．wave
解析此处应指祖父和“我”说完话之后是含笑而终。

smile符合语境。

答案C
20．A.thought B．meant
C．worried D．cared
解析此处是指突然“我”真正明白了祖父曾经说的关于“永远不要说再见”的含义。

答案B。

【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnes sed a group of migrating birds? If so, you probably noted the V-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-like formation. Why do birds fly this way? Many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different t ypes of birds.
One theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advan tage of the laws of nature. The birds know that flying in a V-shaped pattern will save energy. Like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lea d bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. This decrease i
n wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less e nergy during their flight. When the lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position.
But saving energy is important for more than one reason. So metimes food is short during migration flights. Keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals.
When food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a differ ent way. When a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it migh t turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. Then, this bird becomes the new leader. It helps guarantee th at other birds will know exactly where it is going. Then the wh ole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from the sky down to the ground. This formation is like an arrow poi nting to the location of food.
Scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-
like formation. Researchers believe that the birds come togeth er if a predator（天
敌） is spotted. The predator may then become impatient wait ing for a single bird to fly away from the group. The birds will o ften dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persist ent enemy. Scientists report that this is a very effective metho d of defense against an attack.
The birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. As tra nsportation expert Henry Ford once said, “If everyone is movi ng forward together, then success takes care of itself.” When i t comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring suc cess!
1. According to the passage, we can learn that birds ________ ___.
A. move faster than cyclists
B. prefer to fly in a V formation
C. are smarter than other animals
D. play different roles in a formation
2. When food is sighted, ____________.
A. the group follows the discoverer
B. the lead bird decides what to do
C. the discoverer leaves the group
D. the whole group forms a stream
3. To protect themselves from attack, birds will _____________ .
A. break into groups
B. come close together
C. change directions
D. fly up and down
4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. A Bird’s-Eye View of Teamwork.
B. Success Takes Care of Itself.
C. The Strongest Will Survive.
D. A Science Behind Flying.
【参考答案】1—4、DA B A
基础写作1---2题型探究
探究点一难句的表达
下面我们来谈论一下基础写作的解题方法。

基础写作的难点是难句的表达。

每一道题目的中文内容都有一些与英文表达稍有差异甚至大相径庭的表达形式。

【举例说明】假设你是李华，请根据你校美化校园的规划，用英语给你在美国的笔友Peter写一封信，介绍该规划。

信的主要内容如下：
【写作要求】
1．应包含所给出的全部信息，开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总句数；
2．必须使用5个句子组成连贯的短文。

Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new p rogram.
.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【学生样本】
Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new p rogram.①In order to make our school beautiful and clean the
air, we plan to have more trees in our school now.②In order t o get good places to study and live, we have many plans.③Fi rst, we plan to build a botanical garden and let students visit a nd use.④Second, we plan to build up a small garden for peop le to rest and study.⑤At last, we plan to build some statues of famous people to effect students and teachers.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【评论点拨】我们来看看学生的样本有什么地方可以改进：第①句：
“In order to make our school beautiful and clean the air ”比较生硬， to make our school beautiful应该改为
to make our school more beautiful；
“we plan to have more trees in our school now”中的have改为plant会好些。

第②句：没有涉及表格内的内容，是个废句，而且还霸占了后面的信息的位置。

第③句：
“First, we plan to build a botanical garden and let students visi t and use.”中的画线部分没有表达出“供同学们参观、实践”的意
思。

第④句：
“Second, we plan to build up a small garden for people to rest and study.”中应删掉up, study后应该加上in。

不过改为
“S econd, we plan to build a small garden in which we can tak e a rest and do some reading.”会好些。

第⑤句：
“At last, we plan to build some statues of famous people to eff ect students and teachers.”中的effect应该改为encourage。

另外，这篇文章的主语全部都是we, 虽然可以最大限度地减少英语表达方面的错误，但是比较单调，可能影响高分。

不过，我们只要变换句式，例如改为被动语态等，就可以达到很好的效果。

【参考范文】
Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new p rogram.The purposes of the program are to make our school more beautiful, to make the air cleaner and fresher, and to tur n our school into a better place for us to study and live in. Acc ording to the program, we will plant different kinds of trees, flo
wers and grass in and around our school.A botanical garden will be built for us to visit and practice in. Besides, we are to b uild a small garden in which we can do some reading and tak e a rest. What’s more,
some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【注】由于主语灵活变动，使文章读起来摆脱了呆板，行文有了生气。

探究点二句子的质量
我们经常说某个句子地道，就是因为这个句子体现了英语民族的思维方式。

在基础写作中，要经常使用这种地道的句子。

【举例说明】
比较以下句子：
1．Clinton had wanted to collect a heavy tax on the middle cl ass.
修改后：A heavy tax on the middle class was Clinton’s idea.
2．The people who listen to the radio have a habit of getting up early, but those who watch TV usually go to bed late.
修改后：
Radio listeners are early birds, but TV viewers are usually nig ht owls.
3．After the American farmers used the industrial methods int o agriculture, they made great progress in agriculture.
修改
后： The use of industrial methods was the reason for Americ a’s great progress in agriculture.
【评论点拨】
第1句首先呈现信息的焦点“向中产阶级征收重税”，然后才说“这是克林顿想干的事情”。

句子的was就是“曾经”的意思。

第2句运用构词法与修辞手法。

the people who listen to the radio被复合词radio listeners所代替， those who watch TV被复合词TV viewers所代替，干脆利落。

have a habit of getting up early读起来有点呆板，使用修辞手法把早起的人比喻为early birds, 又把晚睡的人比喻为night owls, 这样读起来就会饶有趣味。

第3句运用名词化的技术。

所谓名词化，就是把英文的动词改为名词，通过其他词来指示名词之间的关系。

the American farmers used the industrial methods into agricult ure...是一个句子，修改后变为名词短
语 the use of industrial methods。

句子
they made great progress in agriculture变为名词短语America’s great progress in agriculture。

前一个名词短语是原因，后一个名词短语是结果，中间用名词reason就说明了两个名词短语之间的关系。

2015届高考英语二轮阅读类测试（含写作）
（6）
【2015高考复习】完形填空
The day finally came，
when I had to leave the warm home where I’d grown up.I ran to the back yard，
as tears came up from my heart.Suddenly I__1__a hand rest on my shoulder.I looked up to__ 2__my grandfather.“It isn’t__3__，is it，Billy？” he said softly.
Gently__4__my hand in his，we walked，hand in hand，to the front yard，
__5__a huge red rosebush sat alone.
“What do you see here，Billy？” he asked.I looked at the flowers，not knowing__6__to say，and then answered，“I see something soft and__7__，grandpa.”
He pulled me__8__.“It isn’t just the roses that are beautiful，
Billy.It’s that special place in your heart that makes them so.”“Billy，
I__9__these roses when my first son was born.It was my__10__of saying ‘tha nk you’ to God.I __11__to watch him pick roses for his mother.Then，as a young man of only 20，
a terrible war robbed him of his life.” Grandpa slowly stood up.“Never say goodbye，
Billy.Never__12__to the sadness and the loneliness.Instead，
I want you to remember the joy and the__13__when you first said hello to a friend.”
A year later，
my grandpa became very__14__.Then all members of the family were__15__back，
and I returned to the old house.When it came to my__16__，
I took his hand as__17__as he had once taken mine.
“Hello，grandpa，” I__18__.His eyes slowly opened and said，“Hello，
my friend.” With a brief__19__he died.Suddenly，
and truly.I knew what he had __20__ about never saying goodbye—
about refusing to give in to sadness.
【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述一天“我”为离开温暖的家而伤心难过时，祖父过来安慰“我”，并告诉“我”无论发生什么永远不要说再见。

直到祖父去世时，“我”才真正明白祖父所说的“永远不要说再见”的真正含义——不要屈服于悲伤和难过。

1. A.felt B．fixed
C．watched D．heard
解析根据语境可知，此处指“我”跑到后院，任泪水流淌。

突然“我”感觉有只手放在“我”的肩膀上。

feel感觉到，符合语境。

答案A
2．A.watch B．interview
C．see D．discover
解析此处指“我”抬起头结果看见是祖父。

see强调看的结果；watch强调有意识地“观看”。

答案C
3．A.difficult B．hard
C．easy D．comfortable
解析由上文可知，祖父看到“我”因不得不离开家而悲伤难过得哭了，所以他会说“不容易是吗”，故此处应为easy。

答案C
4．A.making B．taking
C．leading D．carrying
解析根据倒数第二段最后一句话“...I took his hand as________as he had once taken mine.”可知，此处应填taking，与下文相照应。

答案B
5．A.where B．when
C．which D．while
解析“________a huge red rosebush sat alone”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
the front yard，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。

答案A
6．A.what B．how
C．who D．whether
解析此处指“我”看着花不知道该说什么。

________to say为宾语从句，从句中缺少成分，故应用关系代词what引导，作动词say的宾语。

答案A
7．A.red B．tasty
C．funny D beautiful
解析根据下文“It isn’t just the roses that are beautiful，Billy.”可知，此处应填beautiful，与下文相照应。

答案D
8．A.close B．hard
C．far D．around
解析根据语境可知，此处是指祖父把“我”拉近。

close符合语境。

答案A
9．A.bought B．planted
C．treated D．discovered
解析根据语境可知，此处是指当祖父的第一个儿子出生时，他种植了这些玫瑰。

plant意为“种植”，符合语境。

答案B
10．A.approach B．method
C．way D．solution
解析method指相当精心安排的技术技巧所构成的方法，强调以效率与精确为其目标；way 为普通用语，指一般的方法，a/the way of doing sth./to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”；A、D项之后都接介词to。

答案C
11．A.preferred B．wanted
C．referred D．used
解析由下文“a terrible war robbed him of his life”可知，此处为祖父过去常常看儿子摘玫瑰花给妻子，而现在无法看到了，因为战争夺去了他年轻的生命。

used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，符合语境。

答案D
12．A.give up B．give off
C．give in D．give away
解析give up放弃；give off发出(气味等)；give in屈服，让步；give away赠送；泄露，出卖。

根据文章最后一句话“...about refusing to give in to sadness.”可知，此处应填give in，与下文相照应。

答案C
13．A.word B．happiness
C．sight D．memory
解析由并列连词and可知，空格处与前面joy相呼应。

答案B
14．A.ill B．weak
C．old D．serious
解析由下一句“Then all members of the family were________back，
and I returned to the old house.”可知，祖父这时病重。

答案A
15．A.ordered B．called
C．delivered D．sent
解析由于祖父病重，所以把家里所有的成员都叫回来。

call符合语境。

答案B
16．A.pleasure B．duty
C．turn D．wish
解析此处指祖父临终前和家人作临终告白，当轮到“我”时……turn意为“轮流”，符合语境。

答案C
17．A.happily B．sadly
C．carefully D．gently
解析由第二段“Gently________my hand in his...”可知，当轮到“我”时，“我”像祖父曾经抓住“我”的手一样轻轻地抓住他的手。

所以gently符合语境。

答案D
18．ughed B．shouted
C．added D．whispered
解析laugh笑；shout喊叫，大声说；add接着说，补充说；whisper小声说，耳语。

此处指“我”小声地说：“你好，祖父”。

A、B、C项皆不符合语境。

答案D
19．A.sign B．sigh
C．smile D．wave
解析此处应指祖父和“我”说完话之后是含笑而终。

smile符合语境。

答案C
20．A.thought B．meant
C．worried D．cared
解析此处是指突然“我”真正明白了祖父曾经说的关于“永远不要说再见”的含义。

答案B。

【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnessed a group of migrating birds? If so, you probably noted the V-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-
like formation. Why do birds fly this way? Many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different types of birds.
One theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advantage of the laws of nature. The birds know that flying in a V-
shaped pattern will save energy. Like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lead bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. This decrease in wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less energy during their flight. When th e lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position.
But saving energy is important for more than one reason. Sometimes food is short during mi gration flights. Keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals.
When food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a different way. When a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it might turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. T hen, this bird becomes the new leader. It helps guarantee that other birds will know exactly w here it is going. Then the whole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from th e sky down to the ground. This formation is like an arrow pointing to the location of food.
Scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-
like formation. Researchers believe that the birds come together if a predator（天
敌） is spotted. The predator may then become impatient waiting for a single bird to fly away from the group. The birds will often dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persist ent enemy. Scientists report that this is a very effective method of defense against an attack. The birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. As transportation expert Henry Ford o nce said, “If everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” When it comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring success!
1. According to the passage, we can learn that birds ___________.
A. move faster than cyclists
B. prefer to fly in a V formation
C. are smarter than other animals
D. play different roles in a formation
2. When food is sighted, ____________.
A. the group follows the discoverer
B. the lead bird decides what to do
C. the discoverer leaves the group
D. the whole group forms a stream
3. To protect themselves from attack, birds will _____________ .
A. break into groups
B. come close together
C. change directions
D. fly up and down
4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. A Bird’s-Eye View of Teamwork.
B. Success Takes Care of Itself.
C. The Strongest Will Survive.
D. A Science Behind Flying.
【参考答案】1—4、DA B A
基础写作1---2题型探究
探究点一难句的表达
下面我们来谈论一下基础写作的解题方法。

基础写作的难点是难句的表达。

每一道题目的中文内容都有一些与英文表达稍有差异甚至大相径庭的表达形式。

【举例说明】假设你是李华，请根据你校美化校园的规划，用英语给你在美国的笔友Peter写一封信，介绍该规划。

信的主要内容如下：
【写作要求】
1．应包含所给出的全部信息，开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总句数；
2．必须使用5个句子组成连贯的短文。

Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new program.
.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【学生样本】
Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new program.①In order to make our school beautiful and clean the air, we plan to have more trees in our school now.②In order to get good places to study and live, we have many plans.③First, we plan to build a botanical g arden and let students visit and use.④Second, we plan to build up a small garden for people to rest and study.⑤At last, we plan to build some statues of famous people to effect students and teachers.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【评论点拨】我们来看看学生的样本有什么地方可以改进：
第①句：“In order to make our school beautiful and clean the air ”比较生
硬， to make our school beautiful应该改为to make our school more beautiful；
“we plan to have more trees in our school now”中的have改为plant会好些。

第②句：没有涉及表格内的内容，是个废句，而且还霸占了后面的信息的位置。

第③句：“First, we plan to build a botanical garden and let students visit and use.”中的画线部分没有表达出“供同学们参观、实践”的意思。

第④句：“Second, we plan to build up a small garden for people to rest and study.”中应删掉up, study后应该加上in。

不过改为
“Second, we plan to build a small garden in which we can take a rest and do some reading.”会好些。

第⑤句：
“At last, we plan to build some statues of famous people to effect students and teachers.”中的effect应该改为encourage。

另外，这篇文章的主语全部都是we, 虽然可以最大限度地减少英语表达方面的错误，但是比较单调，可能影响高分。

不过，我们只要变换句式，例如改为被动语态等，就可以达到很好的效果。

【参考范文】
Dear Peter，
I would like to tell you that our school has worked out a new program.The purposes of the pr ogram are to make our school more beautiful, to make the air cleaner and fresher, and to tur n our school into a better place for us to study and live in. According to the program, we will p lant different kinds of trees, flowers and grass in and around our school.A botanical garden w ill be built for us to visit and practice in. Besides, we are to build a small garden in which we c an do some reading and take a rest. What’s more,
some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.
Welcome to our school if you have any chance.
Yours，
Li Hua
【注】由于主语灵活变动，使文章读起来摆脱了呆板，行文有了生气。

探究点二句子的质量
我们经常说某个句子地道，就是因为这个句子体现了英语民族的思维方式。

在基础写作中，要经常使用这种地道的句子。

【举例说明】
比较以下句子：
1．Clinton had wanted to collect a heavy tax on the middle class.
修改后：A heavy tax on the middle class was Clinton’s idea.
2．The people who listen to the radio have a habit of getting up early, but those who watch T V usually go to bed late.
修改后：Radio listeners are early birds, but TV viewers are usually night owls.
3．After the American farmers used the industrial methods into agriculture, they made great progress in agriculture.
修改
后： The use of industrial methods was the reason for America’s great progress in agricultur e.
【评论点拨】
第1句首先呈现信息的焦点“向中产阶级征收重税”，然后才说“这是克林顿想干的事情”。

句子的was就是“曾经”的意思。

第2句运用构词法与修辞手法。

the people who listen to the radio被复合词radio listeners所代替， those who watch TV被复合词TV viewers所代替，干脆利落。

have a habit of getting up early读起来有点呆板，使用修辞手法把早起的人比喻为
early birds, 又把晚睡的人比喻为night owls, 这样读起来就会饶有趣味。

第3句运用名词化的技术。

所谓名词化，就是把英文的动词改为名词，通过其他词来指示名词之间的关系。

the American farmers used the industrial methods into agriculture...是一个句子，修改后变为名词短语 the use of industrial methods。

句子
they made great progress in agriculture变为名词短语
America’s great progress in agriculture。

前一个名词短语是原因，后一个名词短语是结果，中间用名词reason就说明了两个名词短语之间的关系。