2020年北京市第十八中学高三英语月考试卷及答案

2020年北京市第十八中学高三英语月考试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The Orchard
I had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurant．The food was lovely and the service was quite good．We chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very relaxing．The only disappointment was the dessert — the apple piewas far too sweet and it was cold too．Apart from that it was an enjoyable evening．As for the price — what a bargain，excellent value for money！
Park Inn
The best thing about Park Inn was the service — it was excellent．There was a warm welcome when we arrived and the waiters were very helpful all evening．However，the food wasn’t as good．The menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tasteless．It’s not a cheap restaurant and I wasn’t happy to pay so much for boring food．
Richard’s Place
When we enteredthe restaurant，we were surprised by the lovely interior (内部的) design of it．So stylish，so modern！This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and it’s very easy to see why．The food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very，very poor service！
TheRiverside
It was lovely sitting outside and looking over the river．There were lots of little lanterns (灯笼) and color1 ed lights everywhere and it all looked very pretty．The food was good，nothing very special but quite tasty．The service was OK; we didn’t have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy！It’s quite an expensive place but with the view I think it’s quite good value for money．
1. In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden？
A. Park Inn．
B. TheOrchard．
C. The Riverside．
D. Richard’s Place．
2. What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied？
A. The food．
B. The price．
C. The service．
D. The environment．
3. In Richard’s Place，customers can ________．
A. receive good service
B. enjoy its moderndesign
C. listen to wonderful music
D. enjoy the beauty of a river
B
Happiness is not a warm phone, according to anew study exploring the link between young life satisfaction and screen time. The study was led by professor of psychology Jean M. Twenge at San Diego State University (SDSU).
To research this link, Twenge, along with colleagues Gabrielle Martin at SDSU and W. Keith Campbell at the University of Georgia, dealt with data from the Monitoring the Future (MtF) study, a nationally representative survey of more than a million U. S. 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders. The survey asked students questions about how often they spent time on their Phones, tablets and computers, as well as questions about their face-to-face social interactions and their overall happiness.
On average found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices — playing computer games, using social media, texting and video chatting — were less happy than those who invested more time in non-screen activities like sports, reading newspapers and magazines, and face-to-face social interactions.
"The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use," Twenge said. "Aim to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media, and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face-to-face and exercising — two activities reliably linked to greater happiness."
Looking at historical trends from the same age groups since the 1990s, it's easy to find that the increase of screen devices over time happened at the same time as a general drop-off in reported happiness inU. S.teens. Specifically, young peopled life satisfaction and happiness declined sharply after 2012. That's the year when the percentage of Americans who owned a smartphone rose above 50 percent. By far the largest change in teens' lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media, and the following decline in in-person social activities and sleep.
4. Which method did Twenge's team use for the study?
A. Calculating students' happiness.
B. Asking students certain questions.
C. Analyzing data from a survey.
D. Doing experiments on screen time.
5. How does the author develop the finding of the study in paragraph 3?
A. By making a comparison.
B. By giving an example.
C. By making an argument.
D. By introducing a concept.
6. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To draw a conclusion from the study.
B. To offer some advice to the readers.
C. To prove social activities' importance.
D. To support the researchers' finding.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Quitting Phones Equals Happiness
B. Screen Time Should Be Banned
C. Teens' Lives Have Changed Sharply
D. Screen-addicted Teens Are Unhappier
C
Whena person in the United States gets the COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗), the person receives a small piece of paper called a “COVID-19 Vaccination Record Card”.
It is a piece of paper with the logo of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, and the name and date of the vaccine. Because it is so simple, it could be easy to fake.
Many people in theU.S.are still unsure about getting the vaccine. As universities, workplaces and other places are requiring proof of vaccination, some people are now buying fake vaccination cards without getting a shot.
The Associated Press reports that students and teachers at universities around theU.S.are worried about fake cards. Sellers are using social media apps like Instagram to advertise fake vaccination cards. The prices range from $25 to $200. The AP notes that many college students seem interested in buying the cards. On the site Reddit, one person wrote, “I need one, too, for college. I refuse to be a guinea pig.”
It is reported that more than 700 universities and colleges require proof of vaccination. Most schools simply ask their students to take a photo of their card and send it to a school website. Benjamin Mason Meier is a professor at theUniversityofNorth CarolinaatChapel Hill, UNC. He studies international health policy. He said, unlike some countries, theU.S.is not using a digital system to record vaccine status. He said theU.S.is depending on “aflimsypaper card”, and students have told him they knew of others who had used fake vaccination cards. Rebecca Williams also works at UNC. She is a researcher at the school’s Center for Health Promotion and Disease
Prevention. She said she was not surprised that people were worried about fake vaccination cards. “This is why I think the development of a reliable national digital vaccine passport app is very important,” she said.
There is a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards. If someone uses the CDC logo without permission, they can be lined and punished by up to five years in prison. The U.S. Department of Justice recently charged a person inCaliforniawith making fake vaccination cards.
College students who already have the vaccine are criticizing those who would rather spend money to buy a fake than get a free shot. Maliha Reza is an electrical engineering student atPennsylvaniaStateUniversity, She called those students “dumb”. “I’m angry about that,” she said. “Like, there is more anger than I could describe now.”
8. Why do some college students buy fake vaccination cards?
A. They are easy to get.
B. Many Americans are still uncertain about getting the vaccine.
C. Students have an interest in the fake vaccination cards.
D. To get a vaccine shot is expensive.
9. Which of the following measures can NOT be used to stop the fake cards?
A. Having a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards.
B. Developing a reliable national digital vaccine passport app.
C. Using a digital system to record vaccine status.
D. Having all the students take a photo of their vaccination card and send it to the school website.
10. What does the underlined word “flimsy” probably mean?
A. Weak.
B. Effective.
C. Detailed.
D. Professional,
11. What might be the writing purpose for the news report?
A. To promote a digital system to record the vaccination shots.
B. To explain why theU.S.should prevent making the fake vaccination cards.
C. The stress the influence of the COVID-19 vaccination.
D. To reduce theU.S.university leaders’ worry about fake vaccination cards.
D
When you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of
the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.
Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven billion trees — for a decade.
The results are in the Transportation Research Record.
As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).
This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.
12. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?
A. To present a fact.
B. To make a contrast.
C. To explain a rule.
D. To share an experience.
13. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?
A. Hardening the road.
B. Keeping oil in the ground.
C. Growing trees for decades.
D. Improving the transportation.
14. What is the advantage of this suggestion?
A. Gaining more support.
B. Consuming less money.
C. Involving more people.
D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.
15. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?
A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.
B. Those agencies will change some related policies.
C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.
D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Many people want to read books because they think books will improve their health. Others find it rewarding to read books. Whatever your motivation, books just sit quietly and wait for us.___16___
Read more than one book at a time
___17___Sometimes I need something that helps me escape my world and at other times I want to dive deep into a subject I don’t know much about. Having choices means I’m less likely to pick up my phone or to reach for the TV remote.
Schedule it
Many people read in bed for 20 minutes before going to sleep. This is a great time to read, since you want to calm your mind from your day and a book can definitely help with that.___18___I love starting my day slowly, and reading a book rather than the news is more enjoyable for me.
Make full use of reading time
There are a lot of 10- to 20-minute gaps in the day that you could use to read or listen to an audio book. I read when I’m waiting at the bank or when I’m taking the train.___19___I always carry a book with me, so I never waste time on my phone when I could be reading.
Become a browser
I’m always on the hunt for new books even if I have a few I’m enjoying. I’ll randomly stop by the library or the book store for a quick look to see if there’s anything new. This way there’s always something new in my reading queue.___20___
A. How do you know what you want to read?
B. Here is how to give them more of your time.
C. Keep books that you’ll always pick up close at hand.
D. I’m not always in the mood for the same kind of books.
E. I listen when I clean up the kitchen at the end of the night.
F. I actually read firstthing in the morning in bed for 15 minutes.
G. Finding books hurriedly when you are out can lead to bad choices.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12­year­old. Yet,he went unnoticed—he had been___21___every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.
In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was___22___for basic skills.
“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the___23___，“except for one boy. And it___24___my heart to tell you this, but...” she___25___，“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve___26___his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that,Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma___27___punished him, he remained___28___.
“Steve, please! I care about you！”
___29___, Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”
One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a___30___onthe weekend homework. Steve___31___through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of___32___，Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.
Miss Wilma’s face was in a___33___shock! She glanced up at Steve, then___34___，then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand___35___, but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became___36___.
After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n)___37___military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have___38___themselves without him.
A___39___took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who___40___about him.
21. A. missing B. failing C. passing D. skipping
22. A. tested B. classified C. separated D. dismissed
23. A. questions B. effects C. lessons D. results
24. A. fills B. presses C. breaks D. destroys
25. A. shouted B. hesitated C. interrupted D. laughed
26. A. dropped B. raised C. covered D. closed
27. A. strangely B. steadily C. severely D. secretly
28. A. helpless B. stubborn C. flexible D. crazy
29. A. Commonly B. Unwillingly C. Particularly D. Suddenly
30. A. quiz B. chance C. speech D. presentation
31. A. slept B. looked C. lived D. hurried
32. A. disappointment B. surprise C. satisfaction D. inspiration
33. A. bitter B. total C. precious D. ridiculous
34. A. down B. away C. out D. back
35. A. homework B. grades C. knowledge D. subjects
36. A. outstanding B. lazy C. rough D. troublesome
37. A. tiring B. ordinary C. hardworking D. successful
38. A. relied on B. looked after C. turned to D. believed in
39. A. competition B. choice C. change D. campaign
40. A. waited B. listened C. wished D. cared
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
If you have learned some maths at school, you can quite quickly work out that one eleventh is about nine percent. However, do you know that nine percent is also the number of children_____41._____are not at school? That's right—one in eleven children is not_____42._____(study) and probably even cannot do the simple maths you just did very_____43._____(easy). They drop out of school because their_____44._____(family) are too poor and they have to work like adults. In 2013, millions of children and teenagers_____45._____(be) out of school. Most live in poor countries,_____46._____there are also some boys and girls unable to go to school in rich countries. If you are lucky enough_____47._____(go) to a senior high school, you should be grateful_____48._____the opportunity. So the next time you feel like you do not want to do_____49._____(bore), difficult homework or go to class, think about the unlucky children. They don't have the chance to get a school_____50._____(educate). Make the most of what you have learned and make the world a better place.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.改错(共10小题,每小题1分，满分10分)
注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Dear Anish,
Here are the information about Manchester University. It is about 200 miles of London and it has the very big schoolyard. You can live in the school or near the school. They have all sorts of course. I’m sure you will find one you like it. I know you are particular interested in human rights, so I will see that there is anything on their website.
I will send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrived. You met him a few years ago, but he’s changing a lot since then. Don’t worry. He can recognize you.
Both your aunt and I look forward to seeing you again.
Yours,
James 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。

请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.参加人员；
2.跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下；
3.活动反响。

注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Cross-Country Running Race
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B
12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32.
B 33. B 34. A 35.
C 36. A 37.
D 38. D 39. C 40. D
41. who##that
42. studying
43. easily 44. families
45. were 46. but##yet##while##whereas
47. to go 48. for
49. boring 50. education
51.(1).are→is (2). of→from (3).the→a (4).course→courses (5).去掉it (6).particular→particularly (7).that→if/whether (8).meet前加to (9).arrived→arrive (10).changing→changed
52.略。