动词ing的变化规则

动词的第三人称单数的变化规则1、一般情况下;动词后面直接加 -s.
work - works get - gets say - says read - reads 2、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词;把 y变为 i 再加 -es. 例如：
study - studies try - tries carry - carries fly - flies cry - cries
3、以ch; sh; s; x; o结尾的动词;在后面加 -es..
go - goes teach - teaches wash - washes
brush - brushes catch - catches do - does fix - fixes
动词ing的变化规则
1.一般动词直接加–ing
go---go ing work---work ing look---look ing
2.以-y 结尾的动词;直接加-ing
say---say ing enjoy---enjoy ing cry --- cry ing
carry---carry ing study---study ing
3.以ie结尾的动词;变ie为y再加–ing
die --- dying; lie --- lying; tie --- tying
4.以不发音的 e 结尾的动词;去e 加–ing
make - making write - writing love -writing hate - hating hope - hoping take - taking
save- saving breathe - breathing produce - producing 注意：be - being see - seeing agree - agreeing
5. 以重读闭音节结尾;末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词;要双写这一辅音字母;
再加-ing..
begin - beginning admit - admitting
sit - sitting fit - fitting
hit - hitting prefer - preferring
swim - swimming shop - shopping
cut - cutting get - getting
forget - forgetting spit - spitting
shut -shutting stop -stopping
plan - planning dig - digging
drop - dropping step - stepping
注意：blow - blowing grow - growing draw - drawing
bow - bowing show - showing know - knowing
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
规则变化：
1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed..如：
pick --- picked --- picked wish --- wished --- wished
2.以不发音的e 结尾的动词后加d..
make – maked – maked like – liked – liked
hope – hoped – hoped phone – phoned – phoned
3.以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词;变y 为 i ; 再加- ed..
study – studied – studied hurry – hurried – hurried
reply – replied – replied
4.以重读闭音节结尾;且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词;要双写该辅音字母;再加– ed..
stop – stopped – stopped shop – shopped - shopped
plan – planned – planned drop – dropped – dropped
不规则变化：常见如下;需同学们识记
1.AAA
cost– cost– cost 花费 cut– cut– cut 割;切
hit– hit– hit 打
let– let– let 让 put– put– put 放下
read– read –read 读
hurt– hurt– hurt 伤
2.ABB
burn– burnt– burnt 燃烧 learn– learned/learnt–
learned/learnt 学习
mean– meant– meant 意思 hear– heard– heard 听见
build– built– built 建筑
lend– lent– lent 借给 lose– lost– lost 失去
send –sent –sent 送
spend –spent –spent 花费 pay– paid–paid 付 lay –laid –laid 下蛋
say– said– said 说 bring– brought– brought 带来buy– bought– bought 买 think– though–t thought 想
sleep– slept– slept 睡 keep– kept– kept 保持
sweep– swept– swept 扫
stand– stood– stood 站 understand– understood–understood 明白
win–wo–n won 得胜 shine–shone/shined–shone/shined 发光
catch– caught– caught 抓住 teach– taught– taught 教
feel– felt– felt 觉得
fight –fought –fought 战斗 find–found–found 发现 get –got– got 得到
hang– hanged/ hung –hanged/ hung 绞死;挂 have–had– had 有
hold– held –held 盛;握 leave– left– left 离开
make– made– made 制造
meet–met–met 遇见 sell–sold –sold 卖 shoot –shot– shot 射击
tell –told– told 告诉 smell– smelt/smelled–
smelt/smelled 嗅;闻
sit –sat– sat 坐 dig– dug– dug 挖
3.ABC
eat– ate– eaten 吃 fall– fell– fallen 落下
steal– stole –stolen 偷
give– gave– given 给 freeze– froze– frozen 冻结
take– took– taken 拿
see–saw –seen 看见 write–wrote–written 写 ride–rode– ridden 骑
drive– drove –driven 驾驶 throw– threw –thrown 抛;扔 blow–blew– blown 吹
grow –grew –grown 生长 know– knew –known 知道 fly–
flew– flown 飞
draw– drew –drawn 绘画 show– showed– shown 展示 speak–spoke– spoke说话
break –broke–broken 破碎;折断 wake–waked/ woke–waked/ waken 醒
choose– chose –chosen 选择 forget– forgot– forgotten 忘记begin– began –begun 开始
ring– rang– rung 按铃 sing –sang– sung 唱 sink –sank –sunk 沉
swim– swam– swum 游泳 drink– drank– drunk 饮 beare
–were–been 是 do–did–done 做 go–went–gone 去 wear –worn –worn 穿
lie– lay –lain 躺 beam; is –was/ were– been
4.ABA
come –came– come 来 become –became– become 变 run –ran– run 跑
5.AAB
beat– beat– beaten 打
可数名词复数的变化规则
1、一般加-s;如:
map - car - cars
2、以辅音字母加y结尾的 ; 变y为i ;加-es ;
baby-babies ;family-families
3、以f; fe结尾的名词;通常变f 或fe为v;再加-es; 如: leaf-leaves;
wife - wives;life - lives;thief - thieves;
注: belief - beliefs信心;roof - roofs屋顶
safe - safes保险箱; gulf - gulfs海湾
4、以sh; ch; s; x结尾的名词;结尾的加-es;
watch - watches
5、以o 结尾的名词;变复数时：
6、 a. 加s;无生命的 photo — photos; piano — pianos ; kilo-kilos;
radio — radios; zoo — zoos；
b. 加es;有生命的 potato —potatoes; tomato—tomatoes; hero —heroes
形容词变副词的变化规则
1、一般情况下直接加“ly”
quick - quickly recent - recently
2、以“y”结尾的; 如发音为/ i / ; 先将 y 改成i ; 再加“ly”;如happy - happily
如发音为/ ai /; 直接加 -ly; 如 dry - dryly shy - shyly
3、以“辅音字母 + le”结尾的;去e 加y
possible - possibly terrible - terribly
simple - simply considerable - considerably gentle - gently..
4、以“元音字母+不发音的e”结尾的;去e 加ly
true - truly
注意：polite - politely fortunate - fortunately immediate - immediately
wise - wisely nice - nicely wide - widely
形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则
规则变化：
1、一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 -est;以不发音的e结尾的只加-r; -st
大多数双音节和多音节词都在单词前面加more和most
strong - stronger - strongest
nice - nicer - nicest strange - stranger - strangest
beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful
2、闭音节单音节词;且末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的;须先双写这个辅音字母;
再
加-er和-est
hot - hotter - hottest thin - thinner - thinnest big - bigger - biggest fat - fatter - fattest
3、少数以-ow; -er结尾的双音节词;加-er; -est
narrow - narrower - narrowest clever - cleverer - cleverest
4、以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词;先y变成i;再加-er；-est
happy- happier - happiest angry - angrier - angriest early
- earlier - earliest
5、由“形容词+ ly”构成的副词;在词前加more- ; most-
slowly - more slowly - most slowly
不规则变化：
well / good - better - best
ill / bad - worse - worst
much / many - more - most
little - less - least
old - older/elder - oldest/eldest
far - farther/further - farthest/furthest。