史上最全 老挝 中英双语介绍2

史上最全老挝中英双语介绍2
Education System
The French system of education was replaced with a Laotian curriculum, although lack of teaching materials has impeded effective instruction. Although school enrollment has increased since 1975, the goal of achieving universal primary education was postponed from 1985 to 2000 as a result of the lack of resources. The teachers are paid irregularly and they have to spend significant amounts of time farming or in other livelihood activities, resulting classes in many locations are actually held for only a few hours a day. Due to irregular classes, overcrowding and lack of learning resources, the average student needed eleven to twelve years to complete the five-year primary course in the late 1980s. Secondary education enrollment similarly has expanded since 1975 but as of mid-1994, it was still limited in availability and scope. Local secondary education is concentrated in the provincial capitals and some district centers. Dropout rates for students at secondary and technical schools are not as high as among primary students, but the gender and ethnic group differentials are more pronounced. Students who do not live in a provincial center require boarding away from home in order to secondary attend schools. This
discourages students in rural areas from pursuing further education, with additional differential impacts on girls and minorities.
教育体系
虽然缺少教材而影响其教学的效率，老挝还是用老挝课程取代了法国教育系统。

从1975年开始，学校入学率开始提升，但由于资源的匮乏，普及初级教育的目标从1985年被推迟到了2000年。

教师的工资发放很不规律，而且他们不得不花费大量的时间从事很多诸如农活等其他生计活动，这导致了在很多地方，一些班级一天实际上只能上几个小时的课。

在二十世纪80年代后期，由于班级编排不规律，过度拥挤，缺少教育资源等原因，学生们平均需要11到12年的时间才能完成5年的初级教育。

1975年，中级教育入学率也同样开始提升，但直到1994年中期为止，仍然受数量和范围的限制。

当地的中级教育主要集中在省会和其它一些行政中心。

中级学生和技校学生的退学率不像小学的退学率那么高，但是性别和民族区别更明显。

那些不住在省市中心的学生，要想继续中级教育，必须离家寄宿。

这严重影响了乡下学生进一步深造的积极性，对于女生和少数民族学生来说，情况更糟。

Population
Laos has an estimated population of 6 million. 68% of the country"s people are ethnic Lao, the principal lowland inhabitants and the politically and culturally dominant group. The Lao are descended from the Tai people who began migrating
southward from China in the first millennium AD. Hill people such as the Hmong (Miao), Yao (Mien), Black Thai, Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples, have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. Mountain tribes of mixed ethnolinguistic heritage are found in northern Laos. Collectively, they are known as Lao Sung or highland Laotians. In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer tribes, known as Lao Theung or midslope Laotians, predominate. Some Vietnamese and Chinese minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left, after independence in the late 1940s and again after 1975.
Capital Vientiane
人口
老挝大概有六百万人口。

68％的人口是老族（ethnic Lao）- 最主要的低地民族以及政治和文化上的统治民族。

老族是在公元前千年左右从中国向南迁徙而来的泰族（Tai）人的后代。

山上的民族主要有苗族（Hmong ，Miao）、瑶族（Yao ，Mien）、黑泰族（Black Thai）、道族（Dao）、@族（Shan）和一些其他藏、缅语民族，他们已经在老挝与世隔绝的偏远地区生活了许多年。

在老挝北部，有着多种不同语言的部落。

他们一并被称为Lao Sung或者老挝高地人。

在中部和南部的山区则以Mon-Khmer族（亦称Lao Theung 或midslope。