人教版高二英语必修五同步复习全攻略 3.5 真题演练与单元复习(含解析)

真题演练与单元复习
【真题演练】
I. 完形填空
(2017年浙江)
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 37 various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 39 to her than mountain of gold. The books are in every language —new books, ancient books, 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. 43 , she brought books home every night, 44 her car late after work. Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books. All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 50 . Then nine days laters, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the 52 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be 53 again while the city was 54 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

主要讲述了Alia Baker是伊拉克图书馆的馆长，当伊拉克爆发战争时，Alia Baker害怕战争会破坏图书，于是向政府求助，在遭到拒绝后，Alia Baker 自己用双手一点点把书搬出来，最后在家人、朋友和邻居的帮助下，Alia Baker将书转移到了安全的地方。

36. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. religious
【答案】A
37. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。

A. raised举起、抬高；B. handled应付、处理；C. reported报道；D. discussed讨论。

根据“They—various matters all over the world” :根据语境，应该是他们讨论世界大事。

故选D。

38. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious 【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词。

A. worried担心；B. angry生气；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. curious 好奇的。

根据后文“So Alia took matters into her own hands”，Alia用双手搬书，可知“Alia was ___that the fires of war would destroy the books”,Alia担心战火会破坏书。

故选A。

39. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词。

A. practical实践的；B. precious珍贵的；C. reliable可靠的；D. expensive昂贵的。

根据后文“which are more ________ to her than mountains of gold”,由more可知，是将书与金山作比较，可见书的珍贵性。

故选B。

40. A. then B. still C. even D. rather
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词。

A. then然后；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. rather稍微。

根据“a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old”,这本关于伊拉克历史的书已经有了七百年的历史，因此是比较宝贵的，与前面“new books, ancient books”是一种层次上的上升与递进关系。

故选C。

41. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D.
information
【答案】A
42. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe 【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词。

A. large大的；B. public公共的；C. distant遥远的；D. safe安全的。

根据“She had asked the government for permission to move the books to a ________ place”,她想获得政府的许可，将书转移到（）的地方。

故选D。

43. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly 【答案】C
【解析】考查副词。

A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Surprisingly惊奇地；C. Seriously严重
地；D. Secretly秘密地。

根据“she brought books home every night”,可知她是在秘密地转移书籍。

故选D。

44. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词。

A. Starting开始；B. parking停车；C. filling装满；D. testing测试。

根据“__her car late after work”,可知，在工作之后，她的车都被书装满的。

故选C。

45. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。

A. stop停止；B. help帮助；C. warn警告；D. rescue营救。

根据后文“Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.”可知，她的朋友们都过来帮她转移书。

故选B。

46. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。

A. intended 打算；B. pretended假装；C. happened 发生； D. agreed同意。

根据“Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books”根据语境分析，Anis同意把书藏在她的饭店里面。

故选D。

47. A. war B. night C. building D. way
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词。

A. war 战争;B. night 夜晚 C. building 楼房;D. way 方法。

根据前文“she brought books home every night,”所以与之相对应“All through the 47 ”，故选 B。

48. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定词组。

A. put 放；B. opened 打开；C. passed 通过；D. threw 扔。

根据“the seven-foot wall”七英尺高的墙，可知，他们是越过pass over七英尺高的墙。

故选C。

49. A. hid B. exchanged C.burnt D.
distributed
【答案】A
50. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词。

A. approached 接近；B. erupted 爆发；C. continued D. ended 结束。

由后文“Then nine days laters, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.”可知，战争仍在继续。

故选C。

51. A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词。

A. restaurant 饭店；B. library 图书馆；C. city 城市；D. wall 墙壁。

根据后文“Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library”可知原来的图书馆已经损毁，所以“a fire burned the 51 to the ground.”战火蔓延到了图书馆。

故选B。

52. A. neighbours B. soldiers C. friends D. customers 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词。

A. neighbours 邻居；B. soldiers 士兵；C. friends 朋友；D. customers 顾客。

“the bombing stopped and the 52 left”，and连接两个并列句，轰炸停止，与之相对应的是，士兵离开了。

故选B。

53. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词。

A. sold 卖；B. read 阅读；C. saved救；D. moved 移动。

根据“So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区)”，可知，她决定要再次移动书。

故选D。

54. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。

A. occupied占据；B. bombed 轰炸；C. quiet 安静的；D. busy 忙的。

“the bombing stopped and the soldiers left”根据语境，战争刚结束，城市应该很安静。

55. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for
【答案】A
II.七选五
(2016·全国Ⅰ)
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by
computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
3 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet in order from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the key word can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spelt it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了设置密码的重要性和必要性、密码的历史、隐藏信息的方式以及密码本的重要性。

1.【答案】D
【解析】根据下文出现的Code breaking可知,此处介绍的是破译密码的内容,因此选择D 项“只要有密码存在,人们就试图破译它”。

2.【答案】E
【解析】根据下文举出的例子可知,此处介绍的是隐藏信息的方式之一:把信息隐藏在每一个单词的首字母中,然后把首字母拼在一起,信息就出来了。

3.【答案】G
【解析】根据下文举出的例子可知,此处介绍的是隐藏信息的另一种方式:用符号或数字代替特定的字母。

III. 阅读理解
（2017年江苏）
Old Problem，New Approaches
While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放）peak. So even if emission were to begin decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.
When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that: “there is no ‘one-size fit all’adaptation.”Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.
Around the world people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries，Floods have some more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that server as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipment with solar panels and other communication facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连体） to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff people how to make floating gardens fish ponds prevent altercation during the wet season.
Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries, Fllods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mobammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连接） to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.
Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang. Nophel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves. Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200, 000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
Increasing Earth’s reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.
In Peni, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear, But the World Bank has included the project on its of ‘100 ideas to save the planet”.
More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allows him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense, But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.
Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we
may avoid the need to change in so many others.
65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies .
A. adaptation is an ever-changing process
B. the cost of adaptation varies with time
C. global warming affects adaptation forms
D. adaptation to climate change is challenging
【答案】A
66. What is special with regard to Rezwan’s project?
A. The project receives government support.
B. Different organizations work with each other.
C. His organization makes the best of a bad situation.
D. The project connects flooded roads and highways.
【答案】C
【解析】根据第四段“Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.”可知，Rezwan会从危机中看到机遇，会充分利用现有条件。

67. What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?
A. Storing ice for future use.
B. Protecting the glaciers from melting.
C. Changing the irrigation time.
D. Postponing the melting of the glaciers.
【答案】A
68. What do we learn from the Peru example?
A. White paint is usually safe for buildings.
B. The global warming tread cannot be stopped.
C. This country is heating up too quickly.
【答案】D
【解析】根据倒数第四段“By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.”和倒数第三段“painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the
added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice”可知，将墙壁涂成白色是利用了光的反射原理，这样可以缓解气候变暖。

D. Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.
69. According to the author, polluting industries should .
A. adapt to carbon pollution
B. plant highly profitable crops
C. leave carbon emission alone
D. fight against carbon pollution
【答案】D
【解析】根据倒数第二段“When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense”可知，作者不赞成“我们已经在与碳污染的斗争中失败了”这样的说法，说明作者建议污染企业行动起来。

70. What’s the author’s preferred solution to global warming?
A. setting up a new standard.
B. Readucing carbon emission.
C. Adapting to climate change.
D. Monitoring polluting industries.
【答案】B
【单元复习】
单词识记
1.___________ n.印象;感想;印记→___________v.给某人深刻印象→___________ adj.给人深刻印象的
2. ___________adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→___________adv.不断地
3. ___________adj.在前的;早先的
4. ___________ n.指导;向导;导游 vt.指引;指导
5. ___________n.周围的事物;环境 adj.周围的→___________vt.围绕
6. ___________vt.容忍;忍受
7. ___________vi. & vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西
8. ___________n.调整;调节→___________vt.调整;使适应
9. ___________vi. & vt.按;压;逼迫n.按;压;印刷;新闻→___________n.压力
10. ___________vt.系牢;扎牢
11. ___________n.开关;转换 vt.转换
12. ___________adj.乐观(主义)的
13. ___________n.沙漠;荒原
14. ___________n.打字员→___________n.打字机
15. ___________n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;立刻的→___________adv.马上
16. ___________adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的
17. ___________n.代表;典型人物 adj.典型的;有代表性的→___________v.代表
18. ___________n.定居;解决→___________v.定居;解决→___________n.定居者【答案】
1.impression; impress; impressive
2.constant; constantly
3.previous
4.guide
5.surrounding; surround
6.tolerate
ck
8.adjustment; adjust
9.press; pressure
10.fasten
11.switch
12.optimistic
13.desert
14.typist; typewriter
15.instant; instantly
16.greedy
17.representative; represent
18.settlement; settle; settler
【解析】本题主要考查重点词汇
短语回顾
1. ___________________ 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用
2. ___________________ 患有(疾病等)；为……受苦
3. ___________________ 结果；因此
4. ___________________ 对……贪婪
.
5. ___________________ ……方面的短缺
6. ___________________ (困境后)恢复；完全复原
7. ___________________ 看不见……
8. ___________________ 向四面八方
9. ___________________ 打扫；横扫
10. ___________________ (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
11. ___________________ 使某人想起……
12. ___________________ 加速
【答案】
1.take up
2.suffer from
3.as a result
4.be greedy for
5.(a) lack of
6.be back on one’s feet
7.lose sight of
8.in all directions
9.sweep up
10.slide into
11.remind sb. of
12.speed up
【解析】本题重点考查对本单元所学重点单词和短语的识别记忆。

.。