辽宁省丹东市2020-2022届高三一模英语试卷汇编：阅读理解专题(近三年)

辽宁省丹东市2020-2022届高三一模英语试卷汇编
阅读理解专题
辽宁省丹东市2022届高三一模英语试题
一、阅读理解
Four Unusual Houses around the World
The Keret House (Poland)
You may know this structure as the world’s skinniest house since it measures only 122 centimeters at its widest point. The project started with an idea that architect Jakub Szczesny first presented at the World Architecture Festival in 2009. The house has no windows but is
semi-transparent and has a white interior which allows it to feel a lot less tiny than you'd think.
The Tree Hotel (Sweden)
The structure is a cube-shaped building which wrapped around the trunk of a tall tree. Its exterior is coated with mirrored glass which allows it to perfectly blend in with its surroundings and to reflect the sky and the trees. The interior is made of plywood and offers 360 degrees of the landscape. To reach the entrance, one has to go across a rope bridge connected to the next tree.
Resident Church XL (The Netherlands)
The Saint Jakobus Church dating back to 1870 ceased to function as a church in 1991 and was later used as a showroom for events and furniture displays. Then, in 2007, Zecc Architects came with an idea. They wanted to transform the church into a residence and to bring this beautiful historical monument back to life. The idea was materialized two years later.
The Steel House (The US)
Robert Bruno worked on this amazing project until his death in 2008, handcrafting everything with no outside assistance. The house has a very unusual form which could be interpreted in a lot of different ways. Some think it resembles a UFO, others think it looks more like a massive insect and there are also those that compare it to a Star Wars AT-AT Walker. 1．Which of the four is the narrowest building?
A．The Keret House. B．The Tree Hotel. C．Resident Church XL. D．The Steel House. 2．What did the Saint Jakobus Church function as in 2007?
A．A church. B．A residence. C．A showroom. D．A shopping complex. 3．What can we learn about the house built by Robert Bruno?
A．It was completed in 2008. B．It was built by machines.
C．It has a distinctive shape. D．It has appeared in Star Wars.
The seeds of what we are meant to do may have been sown in our childhood. I grew up in Chennai, India in a home surrounded by books. I recall my mother telling me that when I was read to as a child, I knew exactly where one sentence ended and the next one began!
One book that had a significant impact on me as a child was called “31 Brothers and Sisters” that related the story of an African girl who goes on an elephant hunt, a traditionally male sport.
What struck me was this girl was challenging traditional standards of behavior in a society that was not happy with women expressing independence — and the fact that this girl had black hair like me and was also dark-skinned.
I also had the opportunity to attend an unusual school that encouraged creative thinking. Here, I was encouraged by a few teachers who noticed my writing skills. However, English was actually my least favorite subject because we had to write on canned topics and there was no room for creativity.
I have written three books so far. My first book, “Climbing the Stairs” was inspired by my mother's experiences growing up as a teenager during the Second World War. The book deals with the struggles of a teenage girl at a time when women were treated as second-class citizens in society. My second book, “Island's End” is based on my own experiences as an oceanographer and working in th e remote Andaman Islands, off the coast of India. “The Bridge Home” is a story of friendship among four street kids and loosely based on three kids I knew growing up. Each of the three books is inspired by my own experiences, what I have read and people around me.
My message to young writers is not to rush into writing or get too concerned with material rewards. In today's world, there's often too much of an emphasis on awards and honors, which no writer can control. Those are largely a matter of luck. Write for yourself and just enjoy the process.
4．What impressed the author in “31 Brothers and Sisters”?
A．The African girl's respect for her cousins. B．The African girl's fight for independence. C．The African girl's commitment to hunting. D．The African girl's concern about her appearance.
5．What does the underlined word “canned” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Imaginary. B．Fixed. C．Typical. D．Financial. 6．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The plots of her books. B．The settings of her books.
C．The characters in her books. D．The inspiration for her books.
7．Where is the text most likely from?
A．An autobiography. B．A fiction. C．A book review. D．A leaflet.
Earth’s great ice sheets, Greenland and Antarctica, are now losing mass six times faster than they were in the 1990s because of warming conditions. A complete review of satellite data acquired at both poles is apparent in its assessment of accelerating trends, say scientists. Between them, Greenland and Antarctica lost 6.4 trillion tons of ice in the period from 1992 to 2017.
This was sufficient to push up global sea-levels by 17.8 mm.
“That’s not a good news story,” said Prof Andrew Shepherd from the University of Leeds in the UK. Today, the ice sheets contribute about a third of all sea-level rise, whereas in the 1990s,
their contribution was actually pretty small at about 5%. This has important consequence for the future, such as coastal flooding and soil erosion,” he told BBC News.
It’s a team of experts who have reviewed polar measurements acquired by observational spacecraft over nearly three decades.
The key one is the recognition that ice losses are now running at the upper end of expectations when compared with the computer models used by the authoritative Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In the IPCC’s 2014 assessment, its
mid-range simulations (模拟器) suggested global sea-levels might rise by 53 cm by 2100. But the team’s studies show that ice losses from Antarct ica and Greenland are actually heading to much more pessimistic outcomes, and will likely add another 17 cm to those end-of-century forecasts.
“If that holds true it would put 400 million people at risk of annual coastal flooding by 2100,” said Prof Sheph erd. “What our latest estimates mean is that the period people are expecting will be shorter. Whatever town or coastal planning measures you’re intending to put in place, they need to be built sooner.”
Greenland and Antarctica are responding to climate change in slightly different ways. The southern polar ice sheet’s losses come from the melting effects of warmer ocean water attacking its edges. The northern polar ice sheet feels a similar sort of attack but is also experiencing surface melt from warmer air temperatures.
8．What was a cause of the rise of the sea level?
A．Loss of ice sheets. B．Observation of the poles.
C．Measures of town planning. D．Influence of satellites.
9．What would be the significant result of the melting ice sheets for the future?
A．Two thirds of all sea-level rise. B．A 17 cm rise to the current sea level. C．Floods and soil loss of the coastal areas. D．Simulations’ rise by 53 cm by the year of 2100.
10．According to the last paragraph, what is one of the features of Greenland and Antarctica ice sheet loss?
A．They respond to climate change entirely different.
B．They respond to climate change exactly the same.
C．Antarctica ice sheet experiences surface melt from warmer air.
D．Greenland ice sheet experiences melting effects of warmer ocean water.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Historical Stories of Ice Sheets B．The Benefits of Ice Sheets of Both Poles C．Greenland and Antarctica Ice Loss Accelerating D．Annual Floods and Erosion Hitting Coastal Areas
The UK’s planned ban on sales of new petrol, diesel (柴油) or hybrid (混合动力) cars could start as early as 2032, Transport Secretary Grant Shapps has said. Last week, the government raised industry concern after bringing the date forward from 2040 to 2035 in order to hit
zero-carbon emission targets. But Mr. Shapps told BBC Radio 5 live it would happen by 2035, “or even 2032,” adding there would be consultation.
The main car trade body had previously said the 2035 figure was “concerning”.
The government is setting out its proposals in a United Nations climate summit in November.
A Department for Transport spokesperson said, “We are consulting on a range of possible dates to bring forward the end to the sale of petrol and diesel cars.”
“The proposal for this is 2035 — or earlier if a faster transition appears reasonable — as well as including hybrids for the first time.” The UK has set a target of emitting zero carbon by 2050. Experts warned that the original target date of 2040 would still leave old conventional cars on the roads 10 years later. Once the ban comes into effect, only electric cars will be available. Hybrid vehicles are now included in the proposals, which were originally announced in July 2017.
Despite this, Royal Automobile club spokesman Simon Williams sa id, “While the government appears to be constantly moving forward for ending the sale of new petrol, diesel and hybrid vehicles, drivers should not be worried about choosing a hybrid car now.” “They are potentially the perfect stepping stone for those who want to go electric but have concerns about range (续航), as they aren’t as expensive as a battery electric vehicle. At the moment, they give drivers the best of both worlds.”
How attached are British people to their petrol vehicles? How long until conventional cars go the way of steam engine cars and horse coaches?
12．What is the car industry's attitude towards the ban on the sale of conventional cars? A．Ambiguous. B．Indifferent. C．Worried. D．Approving. 13．Why does the UK propose to ban the sale of conventional cars before 2040?
A．To remove the concern of main car trade body.
B．To hold back the development of pure battery electric cars.
C．To hold a United Nations climate summit in November.
D．To meet the zero carbon emission target as planned.
14．What is Simon's opinion when people face the ban of conventional cars?
A．It's still a wise choice to choose a hybrid car nowadays.
B．Battery electric cars should be widely used immediately.
C．Drivers should consider about range when choosing a car.
D．People should abandon petrol vehicles as soon as possible.
15．What can we infer about the conventional cars from the last paragraph?
A．They will fall out of use some day. B．They are as important as horse coaches.
C．They will remain as a family necessity. D．They may increase your daily expenses.
辽宁省丹东市2021届高三一模英语试题
一、阅读理解
English Language Courses at ELC Los Angeles
At the English Language Center (ELC) Los Angeles you will find a variety of English courses and programs that meet the highest academic standards of any English language school in the United States. Through its 40 years of teaching students at all levels from all over the world, ELC has developed teaching and training techniques and programs that really work for everyone.
ENGLISH COURSES OFFERED AT ELC LOS ANGELES
● GENERAL ENGLISH COURSES
Intensive English Course
Semi-intensive Course
Individual Intensive Course
● TEST PREPARA TION COURSES
Cambridge Preparation Course
TOEFL Preparation Course
● BUSINESS ENGLISH COURSE
Individual Executive Business English Course
ENGLISH CLASSES LOS ANGELES FACT FILE
● Length of lesson: 50 minutes
● Number of levels: 12
● Average number of students per class: 8-9
Maximum number of students per class: 10 (14 during July and August only)
ADDITIONAL SERVICES AT ELC LOS ANGELES
The ELC Los Angeles staff is eager to assist international students in achieving their
long-term learning goals. ELC offers the following support services to ensure each student's time at ELC is enjoyable, effective and worry-free:
● Student Visa
ELC has been approved by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)to issue the SEVIS Form I-20. Students enrolling in a minimum 24-lesson-per-week course are eligible (有资格的) to receive an I-20 form in order to apply for an F-1 student visa in their country.
● Engli sh Level Evaluation with Multi-level- Placement
Each student benefits from our English level evaluation with multi-level placement. Our method means students usually have different teachers for different levels and ensures that students study English in the learning environment that is best for them.
● University Admission Services
ELC is pleased to offer free counseling and university placement services to all ELC students interested in continuing their education at an American college or university in California and around the United States.
1．Which course should you choose in order to improve your English in general?
A．TOEFL Preparation Course. B．Individual Intensive Course. C．Cambridge Preparation Course. D．Individual Executive Business English Course.
2．How many students would there be at most in your class for a course in June?
A．8. B．10. C．12. D．14.
3．What's the aim of The English Level Evaluation?
A．To help achieve enough class hours. B．To help start from the lowest level.
C．To help get into an appropriate level. D．To help gain admission to university.
That night, when Aksionov was lying on his bed and just beginning to sleep, someone came quietly and sat down on his bed. He peered(看) through the darkness and recognized Makar.
"What more do you want of me?" asked Aksionov. "Why have you come here?"
Makar Semyonovich was silent. So Aksionov sat up and said, "What do you want? Go away, or I will call the guard!"
Makar Semyonovich bent close over Aksionov, and whispered, "Ivan Dmitrich forgive me!"
"What for?" asked Aksionov.
"It was I who killed the merchant and hid the knife among your things. I meant to kill you, too, but I heard a noise outside, so I hid the knife in your bag and escaped out of the window."
Aksionov was silent, and didn't know what to say. Makar Semyonovich slid off the bed-shelf and knelt upon the ground. "Ivan Dmitrich" he said, "forgive me! I will confess that it was I who killed the merchant, and you will be released and can go to your home."
"It is easy for you to talk," said Aksionov "but I have suffered for you these twenty-six years. Where could I go now?... My wife is dead, and my children have forgotten me. I have nowhere to go..."
Makar Semyonovich did not rise, but beat his head on the floor. "Ivan Dmitrich, forgive me!" he cried. "When they flogged(鞭打) me with the knot, it was not so hard to bear as it is to see you now... yet you had pity on me and did not tell. Forgive me, devil that I am!" And he began to sob.
When Aksionov heard him sobbing, he too, began to weep. "I will forgive you!" he said. "Maybe I am a hundred times worse than you." And at these words his heart grew light, and the longing for home left him. He no longer had any desire to leave the prison, but only hoped for his last hour to come.
In spite of what Aksionov had said, Makar Semyonovich confessed his guilt. But when the order for his release came, Aksionov was already dead.
4．Who on earth was the criminal that killed the merchant?
A．Aksionov. B．Makar Semyonovich.
C．Ivan Dmitrich. D．The guard.
5．About Aksionov, which of the following description is TRUE?
A．He had been knowing who was the killer.
B．He offered to be put in prison instead of Makar.
C．He suffered a lot during the twenty-seven years.
D．But for the noise, he would have been killed by Makar.
6．According to the text, it can be inferred that ________.
A．Aksionov didn't forgive Makar in the end
B．Aksionov had been longing to go home until his death
C．Makar simply hoped for the order for his release to come
D．Makar regretted that Aksionov was put in prison instead of him
7．Which words can best describe Aksionov?
A．Cruel and selfish. B．Selfless and warm-hearted.
C．Innocent and pitiful. D．Hopeful and positive.
Everyone has a phone in their pocket nowadays, but how often do we really use them for their original purpose-to make a call? Telephone culture is disappearing. What brought us to this moment, and what are its effects?
“No one picks up the phone anymore,” wrote Alex C．Madrigal on The Atlantic. The reflex of answering-centu20th—telephonic culture—is gone.”
The shift is of course due in large part to more communication options: Texting with photos, videos, emojis, reaction gifs, links and even voice messages can be a more attractive option.
Texting is light and fun, not nearly as demanding of your attention as a phone call. It can also be done with multiple people at the same time. Social media, email and video calls have also eaten away at traditional phone calls.
In recent years, another reason has caused people to ignore phone calls completely: robocalls. Robocalls are automate messages from organizations verifying your phone number or telemarketers trying to sell something. Americans received 22.8 billion robocalls halfway through 2020, equaling an annual rate of 45.6 billion, slightly below 2018 numbers, according to YouMail, a robocall protection service and blocking app.
As telephone culture disappears, what is the loss of a singular family phone doing to the family unit? Early landline phones unified family members, whereas mobile phones isolate them.
“The shared family phone served as an anchor for home,” said Luke Fernandez, a Weber State University computer-science professor and co-author of Bored, Lonely, Angry, Stupid: Feelings About Technology, From the Telegraph to Twitter. “With smartph ones we have gained
mobility and privacy. But the value of the home has been diminished, as has its ability to guide and monitor family behavior and perhaps connect families more closely,” Fernandez said.
Of course, as technology progresses, lives always change for better or for worse. With the loss of telephone culture, families will need to find other ways to unite.
8．What's the purpose of the passage?
A．To point out the disadvantages of the traditional phone call.
B．To call for the traditional phone to advance with the times.
C．To encourage people to make more phone calls and be closer to family.
D．To introduce the causes and effects of the disappearing telephone culture.
9．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The telephone culture disappeared just because of too many robocalls.
B．Early landline phones are inconvenient and they separate family members.
C．Some communication options are more attractive than the traditional phone call. D．Texting with multiple people at the same time takes up our attention too much.
10．What does the underlined word “diminished” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A．Changed B．Decreased C．Strengthened D．Continued 11．What's the author's attitude to the effects of the disappearing telephone culture? A．Supportive. B．Opposed. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
Do you continue to be healthy in social isolation? NASA is looking for people to spend 8 months locked in a Russian lab for a new experiment.
When humans go to the moon and travel to Mars, they will need to be prepared for long-term space travel and even longer stays on these far-off destinations. Currently, NASA's Artemis program aims to land humans on the moon for the first time since NASA's Apollo 17 mission landed in 1972.
While the moon is the main goal of NASA's Artemis program, the agency's larger goal is to send people to Mars. But long-term space travel and habitation won't be easy. Such missions will present both physical and mental challenges as astronauts work to not only survive, but perform important scientific research in uniquely difficult environments.
In the upcoming NASA-Russia experiment, a group of people will live in a closed facility at Russia's Institute for Biomedical Problems, which is in Moscow. This habitat facility was used
in2011 for notable series of Russian mock (模拟的) Mars missions known as Mars 500. During these missions, groups of people spent 520 and 105 days on two separate missions in the facility.
The facility, according to the statement, will have "environmental factors similar to those astronauts are expected to experience on future missions to Mars". The group of people will spend 8 months living together in isolation and working on scientific research.
By living and working in this Mars-like environment, participants in this study will help NASA researchers better understand the psychological and physiological (心理和生理的) effects of isolation. These missions help researchers not only perform relevant science experiments but also see how people might get on under strange conditions for long periods of time.
So, if you're finding that living in social isolation works for you, you might be particularly well-suited for living in a Mars-like environment and this could be for you. But first, you have to qualify. NASA is looking for "highly motivated" Americans between the ages of 30-55, who must speak both Russian and English fluently and have a Master of Science, Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Medicine, or military officer training. Applicants with other related experience may also be considered. Those who are chosen to be a part of this group will be paid for their work. 12．What do we know about the new experiment?
A．It will find the best way for humans to live on Mars.
B．It is the first of its kind to be carried out since 1972.
C．It is prepared for NASA's human spaceflight program.
D．It will decide the people to be sent to the moon by NASA．
13．Why does the author mention "Mars 500" in the text?
A．To explain why the facility has been chosen.
B．To compare the similarities among related missions.
C．To show Russia's achievement in space exploration.
D．To indicate the new experiment will have great success.
14．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?
A．The process of the experiment. B．The purposes of the experiment.
C．The popularity of the experiment. D．The preparations for the experiment. 15．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Artemis: NASA's new program B．Love isolation? NASA wants you! C．NASA's Mars exploration program D．Want to have a trip to Mars? Come!
辽宁省丹东市2020届高三一模英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
Best Young Adult and Children’s Books of the Year
The Poet X, Elizabeth Acevedo
As tenth-grader Xiomara Batista’s relationship with her family and her own body grow more complex, Xiomara channels her energy into poetry to make herself feel heard. Told through those poems, The Poet X—the National Book Award winner for young people’s literature—vividly details a young person’s discovery of her own power and her growing ability to share it.
Darius the Great Is Not Okay, Adib Khorram
This novel tells the story of Darius Kellner, a high school student who can’t find his place in America or Iran. In Portland, he’s struggling socially and thinks he’s a disappointment to his father. In Iran, he faces harsh (苛刻的) judgement from relatives. Khorram captures (记录) the insecurities of being a teenager through Darius, who learns that sometimes handling what’s uncomfortable is what helps us grow.
Harbor Me, Jacqueline Woodson
Six middle school students share a room once a week—A Room to Talk. This safe space allows them to freely express what’s on their minds. In the novel, Woodson uses these six students’ stories to show how important it is to teach kids to support one another.
Love, Matt de la Pena
What is love? To Matt de la Pena, it is experienced in the little moments of every day—walking outside a subway station, watching your grandfather as he fishes ... Accompanied by Loren Long’s attractive pictures, this book, also available in Spanish, celebra tes how love exists in the ordinary and why we should treasure moments, big and small, with the people in our lives.
21. Which author won the National Book Award?
A. Adib Khorram.
B. Matt de la Pena.
C. Elizabeth Acevedo.
D. Jacqueline Woodson.
22. What can we know about Darius Kellner?
A. He prefers to write poems.
B. He lives a happy life in Portland.
C. He gets along well with his relatives.
D. He sees discomfort in a positive way.
23. Which book has a Spanish version?
A. Love.
B. Harbor Me.
C. The Poet X.
D. Darius the Great Is Not Okay.
B
Frank now lives in Chico, California, and I am finally and forever without my own wheels.
Having promised to myself that I would never own a motorized vehicle again, I sold my car at the beginning of the summer to a nice young man who seemed happy to have it.
Well, after raising two sons into their teens, I am about to have another child, and I am going to try to pull off life without a car. I’m actually looking forward to the effort, which I believe will become normal for more and more people as new forms of mobility take hold and develop into sustainable(可持续的) businesses.
My life without owning a car still includes a lot of cars. So far, I have rented cars from both traditional services like Hertz and newer ones like Turo. As many people in cities do, I also use car-sharing services like Uber and Lyft several times a week.
Overall, I’d say I now use cars about half as much as before, and my total spen ding on transportation is less than what I used to spend when I had a car. But relying on public transportation is slower and I’m more likely to be affected by transport delays.
Being transported, rather than transporting myself, has other downsides. With so much more free time, I was reading a lot more digital books while traveling than I had in the past. But the experience got unpleasant when someone grabbed my iPhone out of my hand on a San Francisc o bus and then ran away with it.
The most profound change in my life without a car is the amount of time I spend on the road. Seeing the world by foot allows me to spend more time talking on the phone with my family and friends, and getting to see up close the life that used to flash by the car window.
I thought I would miss that old car more, but let me just say to be polite in this automotive divorce: I am sure Frank now has a happier life. Me, too.
24. Who can we infer from the article that Frank is?
A. The author’s old car.
B. The young man who bought the author’s car.
C. The author’s son.
D. The author’s husband.
25. What is probably the reason why the author has decided not to own a motorized vehicle again?
A. She wants to have more time to spend on the road.
B. She has to sell her car for lack of money.
C. She will have another child and has no chance to drive a car.
D. She believes new means of m obility can equally meet her needs of daily travels.
26. According to the author, which is one of the downsides of not owning a car?
A. She spends more money on car-sharing services.
B. Relying on public transportation is more timesaving.
C. There is a risk of losing her personal belongings to theft or robbery.
D. She spends less time with her family and friends.
27.What is the best title for the text?
A. An unexpected gift
B. Life without my own wheels
C. A new age of transportation
D. A green life
C
Last year, China managed to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions (排放) per unit of GDP by 45.8 percent from 2005 levels, achieving it s goal of reducing carbon intensity by 40 to 45 percent ahead of the 2020 deadline, together with a reduced carbon dioxide equal to 5.2 billion metric tons. This is a huge contribution to the world in handling climate change.
China has also made a marked contribution to the world by lowering the cost of new energy as it works to decarbonize energy consumption.
With 34 percent of the world’s total installed capacity (设备容量) of renewable energy, China is responsible for 40 percent of the global growth in the sector. By the end of last year, the share of nonfossil (非矿物的) fuels in the country’s primary energy consumption had increased to 14.3 percent. Chi na has outpaced other countries with its investment in renewable energy in the past seven years or so.
As a developing country, however, China will not help rich countries close the gap in the level of support they had pledged to the Third World, a senior environmental official Li Gao，director-general for climate change at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, made the comment. The gap is partly the result of some developed powers labeling other financial support they provide as climate-related and calculate that support as such, he said.
Developed countries had promised to provide $100 billion annually by 2020 for developing countries, a figure that was included in the Paris Agreement on climate change.
“Some statistics show that financial support from developed nations has reached about $60 billion a year,” Li said. “The developing countries, however, have generally failed to feel the support.”
28.How does China contribute to the world according to the text?
A. Promoting primary energy consumption and avoiding pollution.
B. Making more investment in climate research and experiments.
C. Giving off less greenhouse gases and making renewable energy cheaper.
D. Developing its technology and increasing its GDP.
29.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. T he world’s total installed capacity.
B. The development of renewable energy.
C. China’s advances of recent years.
D. China’s efforts in promoting renewable energy.
30.What does the underlined word “pledged” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Required.
B. Promised.
C. Owned.
D. Appealed.
31. What can we learn about the rich countries’ support to the developing countries?
A. It’s far from enough.
B. It’s the same as it is promised.
C. It’s included in the London Agreement.
D. It’s thought highly of worldwide.
D。