数词和冠词的翻译

翻译磨刀石
• 1 百闻不如一见。 • 2 乱七八糟 • 3 沧海一粟/不足挂齿/不值一提/九牛一毛 • 4 一个巴掌拍不响。 • 5 孤注一掷 • 6 一不做，二不休 • 7 一失足成千古恨
key
• 1 Seeing is believing. • 2 at sixes and sevens • 3 a drop in the bucket • 4 It takes two to make a quarrel. • 5 to put all one’s eggs in one basket • 6 In for a penny, in for a pound. or • One may as well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb.
• 普及工作若是停留在一个水平上……那么 教育者和被教育者岂不都是半斤八两？
• If popularization remains at the same level for ever…will not those educators and those being educated be six of one and half a dozen of the other?
There is a “N-fold” increase / growth…句型
• 据报道，价值破纪录地增长了三倍。
• There is a four-time increase in value according to the report.
• A record high increase of four times in value was reported.
• 2 You should not have said anything about the matter.
• 3 You must seize the chance. It’s a chance of lifetime. (very rare chance)
• 4 Don’t be wavering. Go right ahead. • 5 big and tall • 6 do something regardless of the consequences • 7 restless （in a state of utter stupefaction）
三、省略数词
• 翻译活动中，总有一些数词在语法。语言 形式上都不符合译文的表达习惯和文化背 景，无法找到对等的词来翻译，这时该省 则省，但译文在联想意义上应该和原文一 致。如：
• 身怀六甲： • To be pregnant
Examples:
• 六街三市 • 六亲 • 六畜 • 万紫千红 • 一诺千金 • 九死一生
7 A hundred years cannot repair a moment’s loss of honor. or • A single slip may cause lasting sorrow.
倍数的翻译
• 1 倍数增加 • 表示A 的大小是B 的N倍，或者A比B大N-1
倍： • A is N times as great (long, much) as B. • A is N times greater (longer, more) than B. • A is N times the size (length, amount) of B.
development in Chinese drama. • 他的数学在班上是首屈一指的。 • His math is second to none in his class.
• 每次我们闲聊，她十有八九要说到你。 • She talks about you nine times out of ten
when we have a chat. • 三五中秋夕，清游拟上元。（《红楼梦》） • Mid-autumn’s fifteenth night is here again. • As on the feast of lanterns we stroll round.
一些序数词的翻译 要遵照英语习惯
Double, treble (triple), quadruple, quintuple, sextuple
• 这些机器的效率已经提高了两倍或三倍多。
• The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.
• 等他们赶来增援时，已是“正月十五贴门 神，晚了半月啦”。
• But they were too late for a rescue.
• 有些商场的售货员态度冷若冰霜，拒人千 里之外。
• Shop assistants in some markets are frosty in manner, repelling customers from a distance.
• 我十分愿意回答这个问 题。
• I feel more than happier to answer this question.
一些笼统数字的翻译
• 十几个 • 几十个 • 几十年 • 七十好几了 • 亿万
• More than…/ no more than twenty
• Dozens of • Decades • Well over seventy • Hundreds of
• 表示大幅减少：
• to slump/plummet, There is a sharp/steep drop in sth.
翻译磨刀石(意译)
• 1 对于人性，我有研究，略知一二。 • 2你不该对此事说三道四。 • 3 此乃千载难逢的好机会，你一定要抓住。 • 4 别三心二意了，就这么办吧。 • 5 五大三粗 • 6 不管三七二十一。 • 7 六神无主
key
• 1 I have studied human nature, and I know a thing or two.
• 有的数据无法直译，如一些一语双关的 歇后语，以及字面意义和实际意义完全不 符的成语和俗语等。有的数词虽然可以直 译，但与译入语的表达习惯不协调，易引 起歧义。
• 这些情况下，只好牺牲某些形式上的特 点，结合上下文的内容和译入语的习惯， 采取意译法，酌情改变数字。
• 他买了24本杂志。 • He has bought two dozen magazines. • 500年来，中国的戏剧有了很大的发展。 • The past five centuries witnessed great
数词和冠词的翻译
考考大家：
• 几个 • A few; several; a
number of • 好几百个 • Hundreds of • 几十万 • Hundreds of
thousands of
• 成千上万
• Thousands of • 这是你第几次来杭州？
• Is this your first visit to Hangzhou?
millions of
翻译磨刀石（数字直译）
• 一个中心，两个基本 点
• 四项基本原则
• 和平共处五项原则
• 他们俩每人有十个孩 子。
• 一鸟在手，胜于百鸟 在林。
• One central task and two basic points
• The four cardinal principles
• Downtown area
• All one’s relatives and friends
• (Six) domestic animals
• A variety of color
• A promise that will be kept
• A narrow escape from death (a near escape /go)
• 这本书比那本书厚两倍。
• This book is three times as thick as (three times thicker than) that one.
• 注：当相比对象B很明显时，英语中的 than (as, of)B常被省略。
表示“增加到……”
• Increase to N times • Increase N times /n-fold • Increase by N times • Increase by a factor of N
• 你们队得了第几名？ • Did your team win the championship? • 这个孩子是你的老几啊？ • Is this your oldest / youngest child? • 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 • Once bitten, twice shy. (套译) • 三思而后行。 • Look before you leap. (套译)
• 表示较大幅度增加： • to jump/spiral up/soar/skyrocket，或There
is a sharp/steep rise in sth. • 表示一般性的减少：
• to decrease/decline/drop/fall, have been decreased/cut/reduced.
• The Five Principles of Peaceful C them have ten children. (each?)
• A bird in the hand is better than a hundred in the woods.
二、改变原来的数字
动词increase常用raise, grow, go up, step up, multiply等替换
• 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。 • The production of integrated circuits has been
increased to three times as compared with last year. • 化肥产量比1996年增加了4倍。 • The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times (by a factor of five) as against 1996. • 那样可以使代谢率提高一倍或两倍。 • That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.
• 此地无银三百两。 • A guilty person gives himself away by
conspicuously protesting his innocence. • 那大汉已有七八分醉。(《水浒传》) • Now the big fellow was already half-
drunken.
百分比表达(不用N+1)
• 美国移民研究中心1999年9月发表的一份报告指出，移 民的贫困率1979年至1997年间增长了123%，移民贫困 人口由270万增至770万。1989年至1997年间，新增贫 困人口中，移民达300万人，占75%。
• A report by the American Center for Immigration Research in September, 1999 pointed out that the poverty rate of the immigrants increased 123 percent between 1979 and 1997, and the population of poor immigrants soared from 2.7 million to 7.7 million. Indeed, between 1989 and 1997, the newly increased poor population, 3 million (or 75% of the total) were immigrants, accounting for 75 percent of the total.