2021年英语四级翻译试题答案范文

2021年英语四级翻译试题答案范文
一.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题。

在商业领域这些问题则显得更加紧迫。

创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产，继续经营他们的企业。

对家族企业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划(succession plan)是一个令人头痛的问题。

虽然有很多原因可以解释这种不情愿继任的情况，但商业环境的恶化(deterioration)已被证明是主要因素之一。

参考译文:
China is facing the developed world's problems of an ageing population and low birth rate.These problems have taken on even more urgency in the business community.The founding generation is getting older but having great difficulty persuading their children to carry on their legacy and keep their business running.Putting in place a clear and effective succession plan is a headache for family-run businesses.While there are many reasons to explain such reluctance,the deterioration in the business environment has been proven to be one of the main factors.
1.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题:“面临着”可用face表示,“面临着…的问题”可译为facethe problem of;“人口老龄化既可译为populationageing,也可译为an ageing population。

“发达国家拥有的问题”可用the developed
world's problem of表示。

2.创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产,继续经营他们的企业:“老去”即“变老”，可译getolder。

“难以做某事”可用固定表达方式have difficulty (in) doing sth来表示，“很难说服自己的孩子”，可译为have great difficulty persuading their children。

“继续经营他们的企业也就是使他们的企业可以继续经营下去”，故可译keep their business running。

3.对家族业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划是一个令人头痛的问题:“家族企业”可译为family-runbusiness,“国有企业”则为state-run business。

二、四级翻译试题：城市化进程
中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。

一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临着城市化的进程。

这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提供更多的就业机会。

随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供应将
会成为城市发展的焦点问题。

商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化社会的一项基本特征。

逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。

参考译文
China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. Some economists point out that urbanization
is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, in?cluding water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban develop?ment as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.
三、四级阅读理解长难句解析
But for many African-American women likeme, just a little of her poise, confidence andintelligence will go a long way in changing animage that's been around for far too long.
原文译文：
但是对很多像我这样的非裔美国妇女来说，只需一点点她的沉着、自信和智慧就能对改变长久以来形成的非裔美国妇女的形象产生深远的影响。

四级词汇讲解：
本句的主干是poise, confidence and intelligence will go a
long way, But for manyAfrican-American women like me为句子的状语;that引导的定语从句that's been around forfar too long 修饰image。

go a long way的意思是“大有帮助”，也可写作go far，其后常接介词in或towards。

如：
Her promises don't go a long way in/towards solving my present problems.她的承诺对解决我目前的问题没多大帮助。

be around在句中表示“一直存在”，还可指“在某一领域或行业中活跃而突出”。

如：
The new champion could be around for the next few years.新的冠军以后几年就会大显身手。

英语四级考点归纳：
far不仅仅指“遥远”，其常见用法如下：
※指距离上的“远”。

如：
The hotel is not far from the beach. 酒店离海滩不远。

※指时间的“久远”。

如：
They worked far into the night. 他们工作到深夜。

※指程度上“非常，远远”，也可用于修饰比较级。

如：
We've fallen far behind in the work. 我们的工作大大落后了。

That's a far better idea. 那个主意好得多。

Before she ever gets the chance to committo a cause，charity
or foundation as FirstLady，her most urgent and perhaps mostcomplicated duty may be simply to be herself.
原文译文：
在她获得机会作为第一夫人投一身于一项事业、慈善工作以及基金会工作之前，她最紧迫或许也是最复杂的任务仅仅是做好她自己。

四级词汇讲解：
本句的主干是duty may be to be herself。

句首before引导的是时间状语从句;her most urgentand perhaps most complicated 皆为duty的定语。

本句中动同不定式to be herself统当表语。

commit to sth.在句中意为“投身某事，致力于某事”，此外还含有“交付;忠于……”之意。

如:
The baby was commuted to the care of his grandma.这个孩子被交给他的奶奶照顾。

英语四级考点归纳：
不定式充当表语有以下几种情况:
※说明主语的具体内容。

如:
Her task is to set the table.她的任务是摆桌子。

My goal is to be a scientist.我的目标是当科学家。

※表示目的等。

如:
The wall is to keep people out of the yard.这堵墙为的是不让人进到院子里来。

四、四级翻译备考练习
家中度假(staycation)是指一个人或一家人待在家里休息，或者在离家不远的景点游览的一段时光。

人们在家中度假的原因很多，如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小。

对于大多数中国人来说。

节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵(congestion)，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因。

常见的家中度假活动包括在家里招待朋友、游览当地的公园和博物馆，或参与当地一些节日活动等。

家中度假也可以丰富多彩，它将成为一种新的度假趋势。

参考翻译:
A staycation refers to a period in which an individualor a family stays at home for relaxing or takes tripsto nearby tourist attractions.There are variousreasons for people to take a staycation,like tightfamily budgets,rising travel costs or having veryyoung kids.For the majority of Chinese people,overcrowded tourist sites,congestion onexpressways and city roads during holidays are the two major factors contributing to mon activities of a staycation include entertaining friends at home,visitinglocal parks and museums,and attending local festival colebfations.A staycation can be rich andcolorful,and it will become a now trend for vacation.
1.第一句话中的主干结构为“家中度假是指...一段时光”，因为定语过长，可将定语处理成which引导的定语从句。

2. “如家庭预算紧张、出游成本不断攀升，或者孩子太小”具体列举人们在家中度假的原因，翻译“紧张”、“攀升"和“太小”时可采用“形容词+名词”的结构，即like tight familybudgets, rising travel costs or having very youngkids，比较符合英文表达习惯。

3.在“节假日期间景区人山人海，高速公路、城市道路拥堵，是促使他们家中度假的两大主要原因”一句中，“景区人山人海”和“高速公路、城市道路拥堵”都是主谓短语，可理解成“人山人海的景区”和“拥堵的高速公路、城市道路”分别译作overcrowded tourist sites和congestion on expressways and city roads，符合英文中多用名词表达的语言特点。

4.最后一句由两个分句组成，可译为两个并列句，用连接间and 连接。

五、英语四级范文：说谎
题目要求：
Directions: Write a composition entitled Telling Lies. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 人们对说谎通常的看法;
2. 是否说谎都是有害的?说明你的看法。

3. 总结全文。

参考范文：
Sample:
Telling Lies
Telling lies is usually looked upon as an evil, because some people try to get benefit from dishonest means or try to conceal their faults.
However,_I_thinkdespitejits_neg1ative_effects,jsometime s_itjisjessentialto iemigsinour_dailylifei First, the liar may benefit from the lie by escaping from the pressure of unnecessary embarrassment. Meanwhile, the listener may also feel more comfortable by reasonable excuses. For example, if a little girl’s father died in an accident, her mother would comfort her by saying “farther has gone to another beautiful land”. In such cases, a lie with original goodwil l can make the cruel nice. Second^thejsk^lsjofJtellingJlies^jtojsome extent,canbe_regard_asja_capacity_ofcreationandjimagination Therefore,jtakingjallJthese_factor^jntojconsideration,_ wecandefinitely come to the conclusion that whether telling a lie is harmful depends on its original intention and the ultimate result it brings. (159 words)
【词汇表达亮点】
look upon as把看作是
evil adj.坏的，使人不舒服的
conceal v.隐藏
fault n.缺陷，过失
essential adj.必不可少的，本质的
benefit from...从中受益
embarrassment n.难堪，尴尬
goodwill n.善意，友善
cruel adj.残酷?的，使人痛苦的
to some extent在某种程度上
take…into consideration 考虑到，顾及
come to the conclusion 得出结论
harmful adj.有害的
original intention 原意
ultimate adj.最终的，根本的
六、四级选词填空模拟题
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
The U.S. Department of Education is making effortsto ensure that all students have equal access to aquality education. Today it is __36___the launch ofthe Excellent Educators for All Initiative. Theinitiative will help states and school
districtssupport great educators for the students who need them most.
“All children are 37 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or familyincome. It is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need tohelp students reach their full 39 ,” U.S. Secretary of Education A rne Duncan said. “Despite theexcellent work and deep 40 of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Localleaders and educators will 41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how to better recruit, support and 43 effective teachers and principals for allstudents, especially the kids who need them most.”
Today’s announcement is another important step forward in improving access to qualityeducation, a 44 of President Obama’s year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead aroundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adapt promising practices for supporting greateducators in these schools.
A) announcing
B) beneficial
C) challenges
D) commitment
E) component
F) contests
G) critically
H) develop
I) distributing J) enhance
K) entitled
L) potential
M) properly
N) qualified
O) retain
【参考答案】
36. A) announcing
37. K) entitled
38. G) critically
39. L) potential
40. D) commitment
41. H) develop
42. J) enhance
43. O) retain
44. E) component
45. C) challenges
七、四级翻译备考练习
东方明珠广播电视塔(the Oriental Pearl TV Tower)坐落于上海陆家嘴浦东园区。

东方明珠东北是杨浦大桥，西南是南浦大桥，构成“二龙戏珠"的画面。

这幅壮观的画面常年吸引着成千上万的游客。

这座468米高的电视塔是世界上第三高的电视广播塔。

整个电视塔建造在茂盛的绿草地上，像玉盘里的一颗珍珠一样闪闪发亮。

这座超现代的电视塔将古老的概念，如球形的珍珠，和21世纪的技术、商业、娱乐、教育和会议设施相结合，真是很神奇。

参考翻译:
Located in Pudong Park in Lujiazui，Shanghai, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower with the Yangpu Bridge in the northeast and the Nanpu Bridge in the southwest, creates a picture of "two dragons playing with a pearl”.This magnificent scene attracts thousands of visitors all year long.This 468-meter-high tower is the world's third highest TV and radio tower.The entire structure rests on rich green grassland and gives the appearance of a pearl shining on a jade plate.It is amazing that this ultra-modern TV tower combines ancient concepts such as the spherical pearls, with technology, commerce, recreation,
educational and conference facilities of the 21st century.
1.坐落于：即be located in,还可以用be situated in,这类词组在介绍位罝的文章中经常用到。

2.二龙戏珠：可译为two dragons playing with a pearl。

3.这幅壮观的画面：可译为this magnificent scene。

其中的magnificent还可以用spectacular, glorious, fabulous等词。

4.建造在茂盛的绿草地上：“茂盛的绿草地"即“富饶的绿草地”，故译为rest on rich green grassland。

5.像玉盘里的珍珠：“像...”可以用give the appearance of…来表达，还可以用look like或seem like表达，其后加名词，如果没有like则要加形容词。

6.将...与...相结合：可译为combine…with...。