2020-2021学年广东省中山市第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年广东省中山市第一中学高三英语期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Experts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.
Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!
Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.
Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.
While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!
1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?
A. Sheep.
B. Donkeys.
C. Cows.
D. Pigs.
2. How is the third paragraph developed?
A. By making comparisons.
B. By providing examples.
C. By listing data.
D. By asking questions.
3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Few people eat insects regularly.
B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.
C. Insects contain various vitamins.
D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.
B
NASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.
The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.
Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.
What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning around
May 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.
4. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?
A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.
B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.
C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.
D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.
5. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?
A. The delay of software tests.
B. The force of gravity on Mars.
C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.
D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.
6. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. A great victory.
B. A difficult task.
C. A roadside stone.
D. A historic event.
7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight
B. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars Exploration
C. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on Mars
D. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible Pictures
C
After almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart's desire.
Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?
Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak（连续成功）now，but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain. and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.
Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one's money.
People often think like this-one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow's plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in -our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are
constantly living for the future?
Good questions, aren't they? 1 say travel but don' t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living. so live it sensibly.
8. Why do elders teach us to save money?
A. Because there are more rainy days in life.
B. Because no one can win streak.
C. Because good days may end.
D. Because money can't buy everything.
9. What does the underlined phrase "“refrain from" mean in Paragraph 3?
A. select from
B. hold back
C. rely on
D. prefer to
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. We should enjoy ourselves at the right time.
B. We should wait to travel until we have enough money.
C. We should live for the future no matter what.
D. We should enjoy ourselves to the fullest when we have money.
11. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Money is something but not everything.
B. One should save for rainy days.
C. Live in the moment before you live for the future.
D. Live the present wisely for your life.
D
The year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”, as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75. The traditional retirement age is 65. One might therefore expect peak retirement. By continuing to work, and staying socially engaged, the yold will change the world, as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.
The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors. The yold are busier, too. In short, the yold are not just any group of old people. They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren. That will influence consumer, service and financial markets.
The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business. The yold are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more, when taking a foreign holiday, than younger adults.
But for all this to happen,three big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people, and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be putting their feet up and quietly retiring into the background. Then, government policies will have to change, too. The retirement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work. The effective retirement age (the age at which people actually leave the workforce) is usually even lower. Third, higher numbers of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending. Most diseases of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes. But only about 2%~3% of most countries’ health-care spending goes on prevention. That will have to rise, because although the yold will constitute a bulge of comparative health and activity over the next decade, by 2030 they will hit 75 and enter a long period of decline for which few rich countries are ready.
12. What kind of people are the yold exactly?
A. They are workaholics.
B. They are full of energy.
C. They enjoy being focused on.
D. They like staying socially engaged.
13. Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?
A. They like traveling more.
B. They have more money.
C. They consume more on travel.
D. They have much free time.
14. What’s the author’s attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?
A. Unsatisfied.
B. Subjective.
C. Neutral.
D. Active.
15. What does the underlined word “met” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. dealt with
B. come across
C. satisfied
D. experienced.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Should schools report a student’s health to parents?
As if grades weren’t enough to worry about, some students now have weight on their minds too. The number of overweight children in theUnited Stateshas more than doubled in the past 20 years, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.____16____
As a result, schools in several states, fromCaliforniatoPennsylvania, have started sending home "BMI report cards". Those schools send home a report of a student’s body mass index (BMI). BMI is a calculation of weight and
height that tells whether a person is overweight for his or her age.
____17____People on both sides of the debate are weighing in.
Some lawmakers say BMI reports warn parents of their children s health problem help fight against obesity. In 2003, former Arkansas Governor. Mike Huckabee helped launch the first program to report students’ BMI. ____18____Pechatrician Joe Thompson helped plan the BMI program for Arkansas schools. He explains that the reports in Arkansas are sent home separately from report cards. “The misconception is that students are being graded on their weight,” he toldWR News, “Just like a school screen for vision or hearing, this is a health approach to raise awareness about a risk.”
____19____Parents have complained that the reports damage their children’s self-respect. Some parents say kids also worry that they are being “graded” on their weight. ____20____They point out that many school cafeterias serve atty foods. Parent Brett Levy from Chicago, Illinois, believes that schools should teach kids to lead healthy lifestyles instead of reporting their BMIS. “Telling a boy or girl a BMI is not education,” he toldWR News. “It’s a fear strategy.”
A. Should schools send home BMI reports?
B. Obesity rates in that state have since stopped increasing.
C. Since then children with heart disease have received the reports.
D. Not everyone thinks that reporting students’ BMI is a good idea.
E. Schools agree that more activities are required for students to control weight.
F. Being obese, or severely overweight, can lead to health problems later in life.
G. Some people argue that schools that label students overweight are acting unfairly.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项We have allheard how time is more valuable than money, but is it_____21_____ to have too much time?
I_____22_____back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also_____23_____a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it_____24_____.
When I got into college, things_____25_____. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this_____26_____time there was no sense of_____27_____to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a _____28_____.Once that happened, I just kept_____29_____my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was______30______really late at night to get my work done.
One day I______31______a former classmate of mine who was______32______a lot of money running a sideline (副业). Since his regular job was______33______, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would______34______have too much time and would just do what I did back in_____35_____.He said that if he______36______the job, he would lose his______37______ to work and succeed.
So, try______38______your time with other work. This is why there is a______39______ that if you want something done, ask a______40______person to do it.
21. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
22. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect
23. A. watched B. loved C. coached D. played
24. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. as usual
25. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
26. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited
27. A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction
28. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
29. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
30. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
31. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired
32. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
33. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
34. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
35. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
36. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
37. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
38.A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
39. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact
40. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Johann Sebastian Bach was a talented and influential composer and musician.____41.____(know) as the
father of western music for his great works, Bach created over 1,000 pieces of music in his lifetime.
Bach was born in 1685 in a small town in Germany. His father taught him to play the violin and harpsichord(old piano) and____42.____addition, he learned to play the organ(管风琴) from his older brother.
Bach became a famous organist when he was young, working as a musician for a____43.____(various) of churches. He began to compose original works for all sorts of church services. However, most of this music was written to be performed only once and____44.____( eventual), only very little of his music was published——not many people really____45.____(appreciate) it.
Later, while working as an organist for a Duke(公爵), Bach received a better job offer. When he tried to leave to take____46.____new chance, the Duke put him in prison for a month. But Bach loved music so much that he didn't stop____47.____(create) music. He composed 46 pieces of music during his time in prison, many of____48.____are still performed today.
Bach's music wasn't truly accepted during his lifetime, but now he____49.____(consider) to be one of the_____50._____(great) composers in history.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Among so much proverbs, I like “The early bird catches worms. ” best.
This proverb means that to being successful, one needs to start early or before anyone else. It advises us seize the day and take every opportunity. That is why I liked it so much.
Looking back, I have come to realize that success is never goes to those who are lazy! Often the mostly successful people are those who do something before anyone else do. Success takes hard work and time. The early one wakes up, the more work time you will have and the more one will get.
Are you a early bird?
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

I went out to have lunch this morning to meet an old friend. We made a date in a small and peaceful restaurant. We hadn’t seen each other for some time. So I was looking forward to it, and thought it would be a lovely lunch and a wonderful conversation. I dressed myself in my favorite dress and did my hair up. Everything seemed perfect.
When my old friend and I were seated, we first ordered our meal. But there seemed to be something wrong with the lady who took our order. Her expression was horrible and she said rudely, “What’s your order?” “A dish of fish and some rice”, I told her our order in a gentle voice. She took my order and gave me the same unfriendly attitude as she had given to others.
The woman’s bad attitude made me uncomfortable. Considering that I didn't want anything to destroy the happy moods that we had, I didn't say anything else.
As my friend and I were having our meal and talking about the things that happened before, my mind didn’t focus on our talking. I just noticed the lady’s behaviors to other customers. She was not in a good mood and she got into a fight with a customer but I didn’t know why.
When it came to my turn to approach her, I thought to myself, “What can I do here to make her mood changed and make her smile?” And I didn’t want her attitude to spoil the whole warm atmosphere in this small peaceful restaurant.
Surely there must be something I could sincerely compliment (赞扬) her on. Then there it was and I knew instantly.
I said to her, “Madam, I don’t know what made you so unhappy, but I know that you must have the most incredibly well spoken and clear voice. It is so good. Like incredibly good.” That was what I could compliment her on.
Paragraph 1:
When she heard what I had said, her whole face lit up.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____
Paragraph 2:
I went back to my seat and I noticed the lady’s whole attitude changed.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. A
16. F 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. G
21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
41. Known
42. in 43. variety
44. eventually
45. appreciated
46. the 47. creating
48. which 49. is considered
50. greatest
51.(1).much→ many
(2).being→ be
(3).seize前加to
(4).liked→ like
(5).删除is
(6).mostly→ most
(7).do→ does
(8).early→earlier
(9).you→ one
(10).a→ an
52.略。