2021高考浙江版英语一轮复习讲义：第1部分 选修6 Unit 3 A healthy life

Unit 3 A healthy life
[核心词汇]
1．abuse n．&v t.滥用；虐待
2．ban v t.& n.制止；取缔；禁令；谴责3．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的4．quit v t.停顿(做某事)；离开5．effect n.结果；效力6．awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的[拓展词汇]
7．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的
→desperately ad v. 拼命地；绝望地8．stress n.压力；重音
v t.加压力于；使紧张
→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的
→stressed adj.焦虑不安的9．adolescent n.青少年
adj.青春期的
→adolescence n.青春期
10．addict v t.使上瘾
n.有瘾的人
→addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
→addiction n.沉溺；嗜好
→addictive adj.使人上瘾的11．accustom v t.使习惯于
→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的12．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically ad v. 无意识地；自动地13．mental adj.精神的；智力的
→mentally ad v. 精神上；智力上
→physical(反义词) adj.身体的；肉体的14．breath n.呼吸
→breathe v. 呼吸
→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的15．strength n.力气；强项
→strengthen v t.加强；稳固；使坚强
v i. 变强16．disappoint v t.使失望；使扫兴
→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的
→disappointing adj.令人失望的
→disappointment n.失望，沮丧17．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞愧
→shameful adj.可耻的
→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的
1．due to由于……2．(be)addicted to 对……有瘾3．(be) accustomed to 习惯于……4．decide on 对……作出决定5．feel like(doing) 想要(做)……
6．in spite of 不顾；不管
7．take risks(a risk) 冒险
8．at risk 处境危险；遭受危险9．get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯) 10．manage to do 设法做成某事
教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.Your mother tells me that you
started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.(本句中含有“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.〞构造，此构造中it 作形式宾语。

) 1.作为一名行政官员，他觉得全心全意为人民效劳是他的职责。

As an official，the people heart and soul.
2.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.(as引导定语从句。

) 2.众所周知，月球每个月绕地球转一周。

，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
3.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.(do常用来强调谓语动词。

) 3.他确实来过，但很快就回去了。

but went back soon.
4.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.(本句为强调句型。

) 4.我还记得三年前是在北京初次遇到你。

I still remember I first met you three years ago.
【答案】 1.he finds it his duty to serve 2.As we all know 3.He did come 4.it was in Beijing that
点释5个考纲单词
stress n.压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张
[小试身手]介、副词填空
①Things can easily go wrong when people are stress.
人在压力之下，办事情就容易出过失。

②We can't stress too much the importance physical exercise.
我们怎么强调体育锻炼的重要性都不为过。

③Father always puts a lot of stress good table manners.
父亲经常强调餐桌礼仪。

【答案】①under②of③on
(1)under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 在……的压力下
lay/place/put stress on 强调……
(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
stress that... 强调……
[语境助记]
用stress的适当形式填空
After a ①week of work, all the employees were extremely ②out and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under such ③．
经过有压力的一周工作后，所有的员工都非常焦虑不安和疲惫。

他们抱怨说在那种压力下工作效率很低。

【答案】①stressful②stressed③stress
addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
[小试身手]用所给动词的适当形式填空
①We are addicted to (buy) new things.(2021 年安徽高考·完形填空)
我们痴迷于购置新产品。

【导学号：47562124】
②(addict) to playing computer games, the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.
迷恋于玩电脑游戏，这个小男孩对功课失去了兴趣。

【答案】①buying②Addicted
(1)be/become addicted to (doing) sth.
沉溺于、醉心于……
(2)addict oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己沉溺于、醉心于……
[链接写作]句型转换
例句②的其他表达方式：
(用and连接并列谓语)
【答案】The little boy became addicted to playing computer games and lost interest in his lessons.
accustomed adj.经常的；习惯了的；惯常的
[小试身手]单句语法填空
①However，instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become (accustom) ．(2021 年浙江高考·完形填空)
但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现自己工作只是为了维持他们已经很快地习惯了的那种生活方式。

②It took a while for me to accustom (I)to all the new rules and regulations.(朗文辞典)
我过了一段时间才适应所有的新规章制度。

【答案】①accustomed②myself
(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)
get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)
(2)accustom v t.使习惯于
accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
我不习惯这么早起床。

[名师点津]
在英语中，to有时为动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形；有时用作介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。

be accustomed to和be addicted to构造中to为介词。

[链接写作]一句多译
例句③的其他表达方式
①
②
【答案】①I'm not used to getting up so early.②I don't have the habit of getting up so early.
effect n.结果；效力；影响
[小试身手]单句语法填空
①My advice didn't have much effect him.
我的劝告对他没什么影响。

②“Although these measures are not (effect) forever，they are vital for now，〞he says.(2021年北京高考·阅读理解)
他说：“虽然这些措施不是永远有效，但是现在是至关重要的。

〞
【导学号：47562125】【答案】①on②effective
(1)have an effect/influence on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
bring/put...into effect 实施；使生效/起作用
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的
③They decided to put/bring the plan into effect as soon as possible.他们决定尽快实施这项方案。

ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
[小试身手]单句语法填空
①She felt/was ashamed having failed in the examination.
她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。

②My uncle is always ashamed (ask) for help.
我叔叔总是因难为情不愿求助于人。

【答案】①of②to ask
(1)be/feel ashamed of因……感到惭愧
be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事 (2) ⎭
⎪⎬⎪⎫It's a shame that...What a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 (3) ⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫What a shame ！It's a shame ！
It's a pity ！ 真可惜！
易混辨析
ashamed/shameful/shame ashamed
指某人因某事而感到羞愧 shameful
指事情本身可耻、不道德 shame n . 羞愧，遗憾，可惜 v t. 使感到羞耻
It's a shame that our team was defeated again.
我们队又输了，真让人感到遗憾。

I'm ashamed to say I haven't passed the examination this time.
很惭愧，我没能通过这次考试。

It's shameful to steal others' things.
偷窃他人的东西是不道德的。

诠释3个核心短语
in spite of 不顾，不管；尽管，虽然
[小试身手] 介、副词填空
① spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways ，there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.(2021 年江苏高考·书面表达)
尽管大量的公路和高速公路已建立，仍有很大的提升空间，因为这些年车辆一直在增多。

【答案】 ①In
(1)despite prep . 尽管
(2)in spite of/despite the fact that...＝although/though ＋从句
不管……；尽管…… (3)regardless of 不管，不顾
②It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
令人难以置信的是，Lucas先生尽管很有钱但过着简朴的生活。

③In spite of/Despite the fact that doctors have warned that smoking does harm to health, people still keep on smoking.
尽管医生已经警告说吸烟有害安康，人们还是继续吸烟。

【导学号：47562126】[名师点津]
in spite of为介词词组，与despite及regardless of一样，其后可跟名词、动名词及其他短语，意义根本一样。

但regardless of只有“不管，不顾〞之意。

though，although有“虽然，尽管〞之意，但它们是连词，后面应接句子。

另外，despite是较正式用语。

take risks (a risk) 冒险
[小试身手]用所给动词的适当形式填空
①He took a risk (help) the Jewish during World War Ⅱ.
二战期间他冒险帮助犹太人。

②He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk (lose) the good opportunity.
他对面试做了充分的准备，因为他不想冒险失去这一次好时机。

【答案】①to help②losing
(1)at risk 有风险；处境危险
at the risk of doing sth. ... 冒着做……的风险
run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒险做某事
run a risk of(doing) sth. 有……的危险
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
③The young man risked his life to save the drowning child.
那位年轻人冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的孩子。

get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
[小试身手]介、副词填空
①I usually managed to find some trouble to get .
我通常会设法惹一些麻烦。

②How can I get it to you how important this is?
我怎么做才能让你们理解这件事的重要性？
③Hi，Bob，how are you getting along your spoken report?
嗨，鲍勃，你的口头报告准备得怎么样了？
【答案】①into②across③with
of strangers.
微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，并在陌生人中找到朋友。

阐释1个高考句型
Your mother tells me that you started smokingsome time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
你妈妈告诉我，你许久之前已经开场吸烟了，而且现在你觉得很难把它戒掉。

句中finding it difficult to give it up为“find＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语〞构造，it在此是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，宾补是形容词。

[小试身手]单句语法填空
①I found difficult to explain to him what had happened.
我觉得向他解释发生了什么事很困难。

②I find it useful (watch) English movies often.
我发现常看英文电影很有用。

【答案】①it②to watch
孩子们认为记住所有的生单词很难。

[多角快练]——练单词练短语练句型——————————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(accustom) to living in the countryside, Mr.King found it hard to live in the city.
2．He feels (shame)of his former dishonorable action.
3．After decades of effort, the city is still trying to figure out how to ban
(smoke) in public places.
4．(2021·四川高考·阅读七选五)These hormones also have a positive effect
the heart and the blood flow. 【导学号：47562127】
5．I was (disappoint) that I didn't get the first prize in the contest.
6．Their plane is due (arrive) in 15 minutes.
7．I consider a waste of time arguing about it.
8．He lays great stress pronunciation.
9．Cigarettes contain a kind of nicotine, which gets people (addict)．10．He has got the habit of turning on the computer as soon as he comes back from work.
【答案】 1.Accustomed 2.ashamed 3.smoking 4.on 5.disappointed 6.to arrive7.it8.on9．addicted
Ⅱ.选词填空
feel like；due to ；decide on；get into；take risks；in spite of；at risk
games all day.
2．－How did you find your Christmas holiday?
－the bad weather, I had fun meeting friends and relatives.
3．You have no right to with other people's lives.
4．Lydia going for a walk after supper every day.
5．Have you a date for your wedding?
【答案】 1.get into 2.In spite of 3.take risks 4.feels like 5.decided on
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
结合教材文本，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become addicted to it, you may find 1.difficult for you to quit. Firstly, you may become 2. (physical) addicted to nicotine, one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals 3.exist in cigarettes. 4.(second), you may develop the habit of smoking and finally become mentally addicted to it. You may believe that you will only feel good when you smoke and may find all kinds of negative emotions in you when you stop 5.(smoke).
Smoking may have all kinds of harmful effects on the health of both 6. smokers themselves and non-smokers around them. It not only 7.(affect) your physical fitness, but also does harm 8.your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases. 9.(be) a smoker, the offensive smell and appearance of you may drive people around you away. So, it's important that one should quit smoking and live a 10.(health) life.
【答案】 1.it 2.physically 3.that 4.Secondly
Ⅱ.应用文写作——建议信
你的美国笔友Lucy来信说她最近学习负担重，常常感到疲惫。

请你根据以下提示给Lucy写一封回信。

1．调整学习方法；
2．积极锻炼；
3．其他建议。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Lucy，
Yours，
Li Hua 【参考范文】
Dear Lucy，
I learned about your trouble from your mail.Don't worry.This kind of problem bothers us a lot，but it doesn't matter.We can find lots of ways to deal with it.I think good learning methods will help increase efficiency. So you need to adjust your learning methods.For example，you can spend more time on important tasks.Besides，doing sports is a good way to reduce pressure.And you can also find some other ways，like talking with friends or listening to music.Have a try! I believe you can make it.
Best wishes !
Yours，
Li Hua Ⅲ.概要写作
细读P18教材课文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

My long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.(要点1)It is easy to begin smoking and it is tough to stop.(要点2)People become addicted in three different ways：firstly，physically addicted to nicotine；secondly，addicted through habit；lastly，mentally addicted.(要点3)As we all know，smoking is harmful to our
health.So we should stop it.(要点4)。