2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册unit2全单元导学稿(无答案)

2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks第1课时Section A 1a-2d
课型：新授主备：
【学习目标清单】
1.学会应用“I could…”、“I hope to…”等句型,向别人提供帮助。

2.could向他人提建议, 动词短语的区别，角色扮演。

【课前预习导学】
（一）看课本1a, 看图片中你能帮助别人的方式。

然后列出其他方式，完成1a。

（二）听读说训练：
1. 听一听，填一填，完成1b。

2. 朗读1b,勾画有用的表达法: clean up;；cheer up; give out; at the food bank
3. 练习上面图片中的对话，然后使用1b中的信息编写对话,完成1c。

4.一群学生正在策划一个城市公园清洁日。

听录音，并勾出他们为告诉人们关于城市清洁日要做的事，完成2a。

5.朗读2b中的句子，再听一遍录音，并填空，完成2b。

6.用2a和2b中的信息编写对话，完成2c。

7.分角色表演对话，勾画出其中的重点短语，完成2d。

（三）翻译下列词组：
1.养老院an old people’s home_
2.帮助解决困难____help out ___
3.曾经… … ；过去used to____________
4.快乐的表情_the look of joy_____________
5. (使)变得更高兴;振_cheer up__________
6.制订计划____make a plan/ plans__________
7.做些公告牌__make some notices_____________ 8.sick children______生病的儿童们__________
9.at the food bank__在食品救济中心10.after-school study program_课外学习项目___
【课堂研讨展示】
1.You could help to clean up the city parks.
1)help作动词,“帮助”。

help sb.to do sth.意为：帮助某人做某事________________ ___.
如:He often helps me to study English.
2)help作名词，“帮助”。

如: 谢谢你的帮助__Thanks for your help_________________.
3) clean 可用作形容词，意为“清洁的，干净的”，此外clean 可用作动词，用于以下词组：clean up 打扫清洁或收拾整齐，整理。

clean out 打扫某物内部（如：房间，抽屉，箱子等）clean-up （名词）打扫，清洁。

练一练：It’s time for you to ____clean up_____________ your bedroom.
I will help you _____________ the school.
Tomorrow is ____________day, everyone should try to do some cleaning.
2. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day.
我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。

【解析】come up with =think up 想出
【短语】：think about 考虑think of 想起think over 仔细考虑
【谚语】Think before you act 三思而后行
( ) ①We need______________(想出) a plan.
( )②My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.
A. thought about
B. thought up
C. thought hard
3.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。

【解析】(1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的use up 用完
Studying English is__________(use).
(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事
We use Internet __________(find) information.
(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。

①My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.
( )② He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young.
A. have; be
B. be; have
C. be; be
D. have; have
(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.
(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth
①Stamps is used ____________(post) letters.
( ) ②My brother used to _____ up late, but now he is used to ___ up early.
A. get ;get
B. getting; get
C. get; getting
D. getting; getting
( ) ③ Keys are used ___ the door.
A. to open
B. to opening
C. open
D. opening
【记】He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。

4. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。

【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。

He often walks alone to home .
(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的( ) ①The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____.
A. alone ;lonely
B. lonely; alone
C. alone; alone
D. lonely; lonely
( ) ②My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.
A. quietly
B. lonely
C. all the time
D. by herself
( ) ③ He did the work all by himself.
A. already
B. together
C. alone
D. lonely
【课内训练巩固】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1. 想出_____________
2.推迟_________________
3.张贴__________________
4.分发______________
5.打电话________________
6.清洁日________________
7.care for ____________
ed to______________
9.help out_____________ （二）用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Let’s cheer _________ (they) up, ok?
2. I’d like _____________ (visit) my English teacher tomorrow.
3. I’ll feel good about _______ (help) the old people.
4. He _____(spend) every morning _______ (do)some sports.
5. They plan ___________ (buy) a big house.
二、把下列句子补充完整。

1.他数学考试不及格，看起来很悲伤。

我们来让他高兴起来。

He f ailed in the math test and looks sad. Let’s_______ him _______.
2.我们需要想出一些办法解决这个问题。

We need_______ _______ _______ _____some ideas to solve this problems. 3.哪个女孩可以自愿在一所村小教孩子们英语。

The girl could _______ in a village school_______ ________kids English.
4.我们正在计划去老人之家帮他们打扫房子。

We’re_____ ____ _____to help____ __ __their house in the people’s home.
5.我爷爷给我们讲有关过去的故事和过去的情形是怎么样的。

My grandfather told me stories about the past and how things _____ _____. 三．选择填空。

( ）1.Jack met lots of difficulties, but he never ______ hope.
A.cheered up
B.gave up
C.put up
D.cleaned up ( ) 2 .Now many college students________ advertisement to make money for their study.
A.help out
B.give out
C.give up
D.work out
( )3.His bedroom is so dirty, he needs_______.
A.clean it up
B.to clean it up
C.clean up it
D.to clean up it
( ) 4.You should visit the si ck kids to _______.
A.cheer him up
B.put them up
C.cheer them up
D.call up them ( ) 5.We could make a plan _____the kids in poor area.
A.help
B.helped
C.helping
D.to help
【课后反思】
通过本节课的学习我最大的收获
_______________________________________________________________ 【课外拓展延伸】
从方框中选择恰当的词组，并用其适当形式填空。

clean up, put up, cheer up, set up, come up with, give out , put off, call up
1. He has a lot of work to do, so he has to __________ going to the doctor.
2. Could you help me _________________ these new books?
3. Don’t worry. I’ll help ______________your room.
4. Let’s _______________the sick kids in the hospital.
5. In the end, Grandma ________________ a good idea.
6. Would you please not _______________signs here?
7. We’re going to ______________a food bank to help hungry people.
8. I’ll ________you________ as soon as I come bac k.
第2课时Section A 3a-4c
【学习目标清单】
1.重点词汇用法及短语动词用法。

2.理解短文大意，把握细节。

【课前预习导学】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1.放弃______________
2.动物医院_______________
3.关心__________________
4.实现______________
5.应聘做_________________
6.忙于__________________
7.担心________________
8.筹钱_______________
9.推迟____________________ 10.赠送____________11.强烈的满足感___________12.开心的表情___________ 13.at the age of four____________14.try out for _________
15. after-school reading program __________________
（二）阅读训练：
1. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥.格林和玛丽.布朗每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。

【解析1】give up 放弃
give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.
A. give up it
B. give it up
C. give away it
D. give it away
2.But I want to learn more about how to care for animals.
【解析】care for 照看；照顾；照料
Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about
B. care for
C. agree with
D. take care
【拓展】care的短语总结
care for v.照顾，照看take care =be careful v.当心小心
take care of=look after v.照顾，照料，take care of 处理，做完
3. She could read by herself at the age of four.
她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。

【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old.
—Do you know Mo Yan?
—Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature _____ the age of 57.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. To
st year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。

【解析】try out 尝试；实验
try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】(1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】
(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s be st to d o sth= do one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
①We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
( ) ②We should try ___ much fruit.
A. eat
B. to eat
C. eating
D. Eats
【课内训练巩固】
一、翻译下列词组：
1.打电话__________________
2.捐赠______________
3.闲暇时间____________
4. 制定计划___________
5.无家可归的人_________
6.停止做某事____________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1Mr.Green gives up his free time_____(visit)the old in the old people’s home.
2When he saw the children singing happily, he got such a strong_______(feel)of satisfaction.
3Bob decided_______(try)out for a job in a foreign company last week.
4Mr.Chen stopped__________(do)his job for a year to teach kids in a village school in Gansu province.
5These volunteers are making plans to help those______(home)people.
三、根据句意、汉语和首字母提示完成下列句子
1.The children all jumped with j______(高兴)when they heard the good news.
2.You shouldn’t make your child stay home a ________(单独).
3.Don’t you see the traffic s________(标志)on the right?
4.We need you to help r_________(筹集)money for those homeless children.
5.When they saw these old women get on the bus, s_________(几个)students offered their seats to them.
四、根据汉语意思，把下列句子补充完整。

1.玛丽是个读书爱好者，四岁时就能独自读书了。

Mary is a book lover and she could read by herself_______________ four.
2.我想把去动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

I want to______________ _my plan to work in an animal hospital until next
summer.
3.他们决定在学校周围张贴布告来告诉学生们售书的事情。

They decided to ________________around the school to tell students about the book sale.
4我们班同学正在尽力想办法使这些生病的孩子振奋起来。

Our class is trying to___________ some ideas to cheer up these sick kids..
5.去年，这个女孩决定去应聘做一名课外阅读活动的志愿者。

Last year, the girl decided to__________________a volunteer after-school
reading program.
【课后反思】
通过本节课的学习我最大的收获
_______________________________________________________________ 【课外拓展延伸】
1.For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如，我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。

【解析】home n. 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的
be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园
a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
We have only one Earth. It's our common _____.
A. family
B. house
C. home
D. room
【拓展】由home构成的合成词：
homeland n 祖国hometown n 家乡homework 家庭作业
homeless adj. 无家可归的home-made adj. 自制的
He was born in Italy, but he has made China his ____.
A. family
B. address
C. house
D. home
careless 粗心的hopeless 没有希望的
helpless 无助的useless 没有用的
be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家
①You should do something to help ________(无家可归的)people.
( ) ② Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second ___ because he has been here for over twenty years.
A. family
B. house
C. room
D. home
2.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa, and help people there.
有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。

【解析】stop doing
(1)stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止讲话
(2)stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话
(3)stop sb. from doing sth. =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻
止某人做某事
(4)can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做……
( )①Seeing their teacher ____ into the classroom, they stopped _____ at once.
A. walk; telling
B. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell
D. walking; talking
( )②—Dad, why must I stop_________ computer games?
—For your health, my boy. A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing
第3课时Section B 1a-1e
【学习目标清单】
掌握短语：run out of, take after, fix up, give away的运用及听力技能提高。

【课前预习导学】
㈠看课本1a, 翻译下列词组。

1. 用完_____________
2.长得像____________
3. 修理；安装_______________
4.捐赠________________
5. 与......相似__________________
㈡试用以上短语来造句。

如: 1 我已用完我的钱了。

_____________________.
2她长得像母亲。

_____________________.
3他会修理他的自行车。

_____________________.
4 这个富人把他的钱捐给这些贫穷的孩子。

_______________________.
5我的书包与你的相似。

________________________.
【课堂研讨展示】
1. I take after my mother.
导学1. take after 指的是“（在外貌性格方面）与……像”，不管是名词还是代词只能放在其后。

look like“长得像,看起来像”，（只指外表）。

be like既指性格像也可指外表像。

eg. His son really ____.
A. take after him
B. take him after
C. takes after him
D. takes him after
2. I’ve run out of it.
导学2. run out of 意为“用完，用尽”= use up
eg. The woman has run out of all her money, she is poor now.
A. used up
B. mixed up
C. run off
D. run away
3. I give it away.
导学 3. give away 表示“捐赠”，如果宾语是代词，必须把代词放在中间,give it/them away.
小结含give的短语：give sb a call; give up; give out; give off发出（光.热.气体）eg. The rich man has given away all his money to charity.
4. I fix it up.
导学4. fix up意为“修理；修补”。

区别fix; mend; repair.
fix: “固定；安装；修理” ；mend“修理；修补” ，一般指衣服,鞋袜,钟表,自行车,电视机；repair：修理构造较为复杂,损伤较大的机器汽车建筑物.
eg. 1) I have to ______ my MP4. 2) How long did you spend _____ your car?
3) In the past, people always _____ old clothes.
5. I’m similar to her.
导学5. be similar to意为“与……类似”;be the same as“与……完全相同”。

eg. All eggs look similar _____ one another, but not two eggs are the same_____ each other. A. to; to B. as; as C. to; as D. as; to
【课内训练巩固】
词语释义。

（）1. She doesn’t have any more of it.
A. takes after
B. looks out
C. runs out of
D. gives away
（）2.Have you fixed them up?
A. repair
B. repairs
C. repairing
D. repaired
（）3. They take after me.
A. be similar to
B. is similar to
C. be similar with
D. are similar to
（）4.Could you put up the pictures on the wall?
A. hang
B. take
C. give
D. bring
（）5. Did you think up a good idea?
A. set up
B. cheer up
C. come up with
D. ran out of
（）6.We are no longer students. We should find a job.
A. never
B. still
C. no…any more
D. not…any longer
【课后反思】
通过本节课的学习我最大的收获
_______________________________________________________________ 【课外拓展延伸】
一、选择填空。

( )1 .---Is the girl really Mrs.Green’s daughter? She doesn’t______her at all. ---But sure she is. She looks like her father.
A.run after
B.take after
C.look after
D.look the same
( )2.---Do you_____a time to have a talk with me?
---How about tomorrow? I’m too busy today.
e up
B.look up
C.fix up
D.give up
( )3.The company______five computers to the village school.
A.came up w ith
B. handed out
C.gave away
D.gave out
( )4.Tom’s bike is broken. It needs________.
A.repair
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.repairing
( )5.Some people waste too much water.They don’t believe that we can________it some day.
A.look o ut
B.run out
C.took out
D.run out of
三、同义句转换。

1.He has run out of his lucky money.
He has_______ _______his lucky money.
2.He was repairing a TV set when I came back.
He was_______ ________a TV set whe n I came back.
3.Lucy takes after her mother.
Lucy________ ________her mother.
4.The volunteers often give out ads calling for less pollution.
The volunteers often________ _______ads calling for less pollution.
第4课时Section B 2a—Self-check
【学习目标清单】
1.通过阅读这篇文章, 学会如何向别人表示感谢。

2.学会写一篇关于做志愿者的文章。

【课前预习导学】
（一）词汇检测：译一译，记一记
1. 感谢_______________
2.建立______________
3.考虑_______________
4.接电话_____________
5.使振作_________
6.be able to do sth.____________
7.because of_________8.Animal Helpers_________9.help out______________ （二）预习2a-3b，翻译下列词组和句子
1.残疾人___________
2.影响;有作用____
3.寄一张Lucky的照片____________
4.I’d like to _______ you______ _______ mon ey to Animal Helpers.
我要感谢您给“动物助手”寄钱。

5.You helped to make ________possible for______to have Lucky.
在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

6.I can’t ________ my arms or legs _______.
我不能很好地利用我的手臂和腿。

7.Because I feel very ________to have_________.
因为我感到拥有“Lucky”非常幸运。

8.He can _________me when I ________ him ________.
当我给他指令时，他能懂得。

【课堂研讨展示】
1. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.
【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，
强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。

(2) a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的。

( ) One of my friends is a policewoman, this is a photo of .
A. her
B. hers
C. she
D. his
2. I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. 我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。

【解析1】be sure (that) ...
⑴be sure＋of／about doing sth，“确信……”；“对……有把握”。

但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；
be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。

I'm sure of his honesty．我肯定他是诚实的。

⑵be sure to do sth ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语“必定”、“必然会”、“准会”如何如何。

It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨。

⑶be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，意为“确信某事一定会……”。

We are sure he will make great progress this term．
我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步
【拓展】make sure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”。

make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。

Make sure + that从句意为“弄明白；确信”。

Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。

— Make sure of his coming before you set off. 出发之前要确定他是否来。

— I make sure (that) he would come. 我确信他会来。

【解析2】set up 建立；设立
set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）
【短语】：set off 出发set about doing sth 着手去做某事
（）①The primary school _____in 1995 with the hope of young people.
A. was set up
B. was put up
C. was found
( ) ②We have ____ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.
A. taken up
B. put up
C. picked up
D. set up
【解析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的（既可以做表语，也可以做定语）。

disabled people 残疾人
Though he is __________(able) , Liu Wei made his dream to be a pianist come true.
【加前缀dis- 构成的派生词】dislike 不喜欢disorder 无秩序
dishonest 不诚实disappear 消失
3. I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家了。

【解析】be able to 能够
be able to 用于各种时态有人称和数的变化
I will be able to dress more casually.
can 用于现在时或过去时（could）没有人称和数的变化
I could swim at the age of seven. =I was able to swim at the age of seven.
Lucy could read story book at the age of four.
A.is able to
B.was able to
C.should
D.would
【课内训练巩固】
（一）翻译下列词组：
1.old people’s home______
2.after-school program___
3.be good at________
4.help out ____________
5.call-in center___________
6.work out __________
（二）选择题
（）1. It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it.
A. turn on
B. get on
C. try on
D. put on
（）2. Andrea Bocelli never ___,which makes him a successful singer.
A. takes away
B. gives away
C. gets up
D. gives up
（）3. —Would you mind ______ the music a little? Don’t you think it’s too loud?
—Sorry! I’ll do it in a minute.
A. turning on
B. turning off
C. turning up
D. turning down
（）4. —How do you like Li Yundi?
—A cool guy! His music ______ really beautiful.
A. tastes
B. sounds
C. smells
D. looks
（）5. The teachers encourage their students to the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
A. give up
B. work out
C. look through
（）6. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will_______.
A. come out
B. come true
C. achieve
（）7. Paul’s parents were worried that he too much time chatting on line.
A. spent
B. paid
C. took
（）8. Can you help me to _______ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong? A. look after B. look for C. look at D. look through
（）9. —Cindy, look at your new shoes. Aren’t they beautiful?
—Ye s, they are really nice, Mum. I can’t wait to .
A. put them on
B. put it on
C. put on them
（）10. —When will the plane _____Shanghai?
—Sorry，I don’t know.
A. get
B. arrive at
C. reach
( )11. Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about
B. care for
C. agree with
D. take care
（)12. Tom, it’s cold outside. _______ your coat when you go out.
A. Take off
B. Put on
C. Put away
D. Take away
( )13. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things
in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to ________ each other.
A. get on with
B. come over to
C. stay away from
( )14.If you want to buy this dress , you 'd better ____ first to make sure it fits you .
A. pay for it.
B. take it off.
C. tidy it up .
D. try it on..
【课后反思】
通过本节课的学习我最大的收获
_______________________________________________________________ 【课外拓展延伸】
一根据句意、首字母和汉语提示完成句子
1.Can you i_________(想象)yourself becoming famous as a writer ?
2.It’s necessary to set up an organization to help d________(有残疾的)people.
3.In India, people often train elephants to help c_______(搬运)heavy wood.
4.---I have great d_______(困难)in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me?
---No problem.
5.The boy is so c________(聪明的)that he ca work out the problems easily.
二．用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Miss Li’s kindness made it possible f or Ben________(have)Lucky.
2.The special________(train)dog can help the blind a lot.
3.Thank you for__ _____(take)caring of my pet dog.
4.The dog-helper makes a big________(different)to Ben Smith.
5.They_________(set)up an English Club next term.
三、根据汉语意思，把下列句子补充完整。

1.去年他们建立一个组织去帮助那些残疾儿童。

They_________ _________ a group to help the _______children la st year.
2.全国人民的帮助使我们重建一个新城市成为可能。

The people all over China helped to_______ ____ _______for us to rebuild a new city.
3.像接电话、开门关门、或者搬运东西这样一些普通的事情对残疾人来说都很困难。

Some normal things like answering the telephone, opening and______ ____, or_
______are difficult for disabled people.
4.露西喜爱动物，对有一条宠物狗的想法她感到很兴奋。

Lucy loves animals and she_______ _______ ______the idea of having a pet dog. 5.再次感谢你帮助我改变了我的生活。

Thank you again for helping________ ________ __________.
重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日
2. an old people’s home 养老院
3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used to 曾经… … ；过去_
5. care for 关心;照顾
6. the look of joy 快乐的表情
7. at the age of 在......岁时8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发
11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行
15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴
17. raise money 筹钱;募捐18. take after 与......相像;像
19. give away 赠送;捐赠20. fix up 修理;修补;解决
21. be similar to 与……相似22. set up 建立;设立
23. disabled people 残疾人24. make a difference 影响;有作用25. be able to 能够26. after-school reading program课外阅读项目
短语动词小结
一、短语动词分类：
1.动词+介词
以介词结尾的短语动词，后面接名词，代词，动名词作其宾语，该名词，代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。

think of 想起look after 照顾look for 寻找agree with 同意ask for 请求
ask for 请求belong to 属于look at 看look after 照顾learn from 向…学习remind of 提醒take after 与…相像
2.动词+ 副词
“动词+副词” 结构的短语动词后可接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。

（1）接名词时，可以放在短语中间，或短语之后
（2）接代词时，代词只能放在动词或副词之间
put on 穿上put off 脱下put up 挂起give up 放弃give away 捐赠
hand out 分发wake up 叫醒turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜take away 拿走wake up 醒来put off 推迟give out 分发think over 考虑end up 结束3.动词+ 副词+ 介词
come up with 提出，想出run out of 用完
get along with 与…相处do well in 擅长look forward to 期望
4.动词+ 名词+ 介词
take part in 参加make use of 利用
pay attention to 注意take care of 照顾
5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词
be strict with 对……要求严格be mad at 对…..恼火
be full of 充满be different from 与……不同
二、短语动词的用法：
1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作如：
cheer me up 使我高兴clean up 打扫clean-up n. 打扫
2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家4. sick adj. 生病的作表语、定语
ill adj. 生病的作表语，不能作定语
5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献
volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with 提出想出=== think up 想出
catch up with 赶上追上
7. put off doing 推迟做某事
put on 穿上(指过程)
put up 张贴
8. write down 写下记下
9. call up 打电话
make a telephone call 打电话
10. set up 成立建立
The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。

11. each 每个各自的强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of 连用
every 每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用
12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用
13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事help him (to) study
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help h im with English
help do 帮助做某事help study
14. plan to do 计划做某事
plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.
我计划去北京。

15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.
我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

spen d… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.
16.not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。

因此⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句。

也是说得要
把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。

如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.
我不仅能做到而且做得最好。

⑵Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you lik e cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。

②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。

常见的就近原则的结构有：
①Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。

②Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)Either Lil y or you are a student.
③Not only …but (also)…
④There be
17. join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党
take part in 参加(指参加活动) 如：
take part i n sports meeting 参加运动会
18. run out 与run out of
①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。

如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。

His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。

My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。

Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。

②run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。

两者在一定条件下可以互换
如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了
= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。

Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。

= We are runn ing out of time 19. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相take after 相像look after 照顾take care of 照顾
20. work out v. + adj.
①结局，结果为
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。

②算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。

21. hang out 闲荡闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。

22. be able to do 能会
be unable to do 不能不会
23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事如：
thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我
24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
You don’t have m oney. That’s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。

25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。

26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。

28. train n. 火车train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。

29. at once == right away 立刻马上如：
Do it at once. 马上去做。

I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。

30. one day 有一天(指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如：
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。

Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。

31. specially adv. 特意地专门地特别地special adj. 特别的
32. donation n. 捐赠物donate v. 捐赠赠送
33. part of speech 词性词类
34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能
35. hand out 分发hand out bananas
give out 分发give out sth to sb. 分….给某人
give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟
give away 赠送捐赠give away sth. to sb. . give away money to kids
give sb. sth. 给某人某东西give me money 给我钱
give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西give money to me 给我线
36. volunteer ①可数名词“志愿者”②adj. 自愿的③ vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People’s V olunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。

I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。

37. no longer = not … any longer 指时间上不再延续。

no more = not … any more 指动作上不再延续。