2019-2020学年重庆市酉阳第一中学校高三英语上学期期中试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年重庆市酉阳第一中学校高三英语上学期期中试题及参
考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.
1.Which bridge has the longest history?
A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.
B.Infinity Bridge.
C.Tower Bridge.
D.Iron Bridge.
2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A.People can just walk on it.
B.The public give it two names.
C.It's well worth visiting at night.
D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.
3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?
A.They are both over 120 years old.
B.Visitors should pay for passing them.
C.They have the same original design.
D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.
B
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations
of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
4. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
C
It was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl" . Now the Philippines' Manila Bay beach is totally different, compared with a few months ago. It happened so suddenly and extremely that it brought tears to the eyes of the local people.
The cleanup started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons (公吨) of garbage, marking the beginning of a nation-wide environmental campaign. But some two months before this great movement began, a quiet revolution was already underway.
During the first week of December 2018, Brooklyn- based Bounties Network collectedthree tons of garbage from Manila Bay aver two days through a project that paid a small group of people, mostly fishermen, with a
digital currency (数字货币) based on the Ethereum system.
For the mostly non-bank -using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste.
There are signs that this recycling-for-digital payment industry may be just about to take off. Earlier in September 2018, Plastic Bank, a Vancouver -based company powered by IBM technology, also started a similar project. They set up a project in Naga, a town in southern Luzon, the country's largest island, building a collection point to let people exchange plastic and recyclable materials for digital payouts through a system.
That both these pioneers have chosen the Philippines as their first location is not surprising considering the country's contribution to ocean waste. A Wall Street Journal study in 2015 revealed that the Philippines make the third-largest amount of plastic waste into global oceans.
8. Why did people call Manila Bay beach“toilet bowl” ?
A. It looked like a huge bowl.
B. There were plenty of toilets.
C. It was covered by rubbish.
D. People loved the toilets here.
9. What does the underlined phrase“descended on”in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Completely depended on.
B. Suddenly arrived at.
C. Occasionally decreased to.
D. Gradually disappeared from.
10. What made poor communities willing to fight against waste?
A. The benefits to their homeland.
B. The desire to make a difference.
C. The chance to escape ocean pollution.
D. The experience with a digital currency.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Online system helps endocean pollution.
B. Manila Bay beach is suddenly removed.
C. Plastic Bank is powerful in recycling waste.
D. Philippines make a great amount of waste.
D
In Copenhagen, an 8-year dream was realized when the first paid skiers took their runs down a one-third-mile course (路线)．They skied on what is possibly the greenestpower factory in the world．The factory is so clean and safe that designers were able to turn its buildings into a new center for social life．
The waste-to-power factory itself opened in 2017 under the name Amager Bakke．Bjarke Ingels is the
architect whosecompany came up with the idea eight years ago of designing a power plant building that would join mountain sports into its very nature．
“It is the cleanest waste-to-energy power plant in the world．It is not only better for the environment, it is also moreenjoyable for the lives of its citizens.” Ingels says 97% of city people get their heating as a by-product of energy production．It comes from a system where the electricity, heating, and waste disposal (处理) are mixed into a single process．He dreams that it is also becoming an example that others can look to and say, “IfCopenhagencan do it why can' t we?"
There are no hills in this island city, but now people can ski locally, while enjoying the best views ever seen of the harbor．Another thing missing hereis snow cover throughout the winter, so designers set up a kind of special "plastic grass" that provides the perfect friction (摩擦力) for downhill winter sports．
In a country where 600, 000 skiers always had to travel to practice sking, to be able to finally ski in their backyard-and, all year round - is, as one skier said, “AMAZING．”
The company hopes to see 300, 000 visitors enjoying the experience of Copen hill each year, with the ski slope costing $ 22 an hour or just $ 366 for a full season pass．Meanwhile, the city is one step closer to its final goal of becoming the world's first carbon-neutral city by 2025．We thinkit might be all “down hill” from here．
12. How does the power factory produce electricity?
A. By using oil．
B. By using coal．
C. By usingwind．
D. By using waste．
13. What' s Ingels' dream according to the passage?
A. To make more tall buildings in different big cities．
B. To help more skiers to ski in high mountains．
C. There will be more green power factories in the world．
D. More and more people will ski in the power factory．
14. Where do the skiers ski in the power factory?
A. On man-made snow．
B. On man-made ice．
C. On plastic grass．
D. On real sand．
15. The underlined part “it might be all 'downhill' from here" means that________.
A. they will soon reach their final goal
B. they will soon draw many visitors
C. they will produce more electricity
D. they have difficulties reaching the goal
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Whether you’re working out to lose weight or have a beautiful body, it is necessary to have the right ideas. You may often get some suggestions from some people.___16___
Myth (误传) 1: To stay in shape, you only need to work out once or twice a week.
Truth: Once or twice a week won’t make you stay in shape.____17____It is better to do it every day, because we find that the act of sitting counteracts (抵消) any of the activities you do.
Myth 2: The best time to work out is in the morning.
Truth: The best time for a workout is whatever time allows you to exercise most often. And you should make physical exercise a habit.____18____If you prefer a morning run, do that instead.
Myth 3:___19___
Truth: If you want to lose weight, you shouldn’t think that you can simply make it through exercise. Experts say losing weight almost always starts with changes in your eating habits. In terms of weight loss, diet plays a much bigger role than exercise.
Myth 4: Running a marathon is the ideal way to get fit.
Truth:____20____You can get many of the benefits of long-distance running without ever passing the five-mile mark. Running fast and hard for just 5 to 10 minutes a day can provide some of the same benefits as running for hours can.
A. But not all of them are right.
B. Exercise is the best way to lose weight.
C And these suggestions are worth following.
D. There is no need to run five miles to keep fit.
E. Running a marathon is suitable for most people.
F. If a late-night trip to the gym is your thing, stick to it.
G. At least three days per week for an exercise program is necessary.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I first heard about several cases of coronavirus in January, 2020. But I did not___21___the outbreak to have such a sudden and powerful effect on the rest of the world. In March, towards the end of winter quarter, it was___22___that we would take all the finals online. It was unexpected, and all university teachers and students
were___23___.
Due to the coronavirus pandemic, our University of California at San Diego（UCSD）student-run free dental clinics are closed___24___, and most research laboratories are only open for____25____personnel. Thus, I have had a lot more spare time than before,___26___most of the events have been switched to be held online. To___27___time, I learned to follow___28___to make different dishes. The period of quarantine（隔离）has become a time when I can learn some new life___29___.
Besides cooking, I have been___30___a new hobby—playing puzzles. At first, solving a puzzle was justa way for me to___31___endurance（忍耐性）and patience. Then I realized that I learned much more than that. When I___32___1,000 pieces of a puzzle on the table, I___33___not buying a simpler one. I suddenly realized how impatient I was that I couldn’t even focus on such a simpler task.
Electronic devices have been training me to constantly stare at a blinking（闪烁）screen and___34___what I was doing. I decided to solve a puzzle while___35___devices for several hours, and enjoy one simple task like a little child.
When I started to look for different pieces to see if they could fit in a larger___36___, I started to look for shortcuts. I tried to collect puzzles with similar patterns or color1 s and___37___their edges.
During this time, I slowly forgot all the madness and___38___of quarantine life. Every time I got one piece in the right place, I was___39___awarded by such a small success and motivated to keep on trying. It was surprising and unexpected for me to receive so much___40___from focusing on solving puzzles.
21. A. encourage B. expect C. require D. remind
22. A. announced B. promised C. hoped D. discovered
23. A. unhappy B. unfortunate C. uninterested D. unprepared
24. A. occasionally B. formally C. temporarily D. gradually
25. A. devoted B. eager C. excellent D. limited
26. A. unless B. before C. since D. though
27. A. treasure B. kill C. waste D. save
28. A. schedules B. orders C. targets D. recipes
29. A. secrets B. tracks C. skills D. lessons
30. A. exploring B. spreading C. reviewing D. doubting
31. A. support B. practise C. recommend D. appreciate
32. A. broke up B. handed in C. poured out D. put away
33. A. imagined B. permitted C. advised D. regretted
34. A. forget B. guess C. remember D. emphasize
35. A. putting up with B. staying away from C. watching out for D. taking control of
36. A. basket B. poster C. picture D. board
37. A. touch B. remove C. draw D. compare
38. A. danger B. boredom C. excitement D. amazement
39. A. mentally B. physically C. strangely D. passively
40. A. trouble B. joyfulness C. responsibility D. praise
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The year was 1863, place wasLondon,England. A group of men____41.____(call) themselves “The Football Association" gathered to write the rules for a game____42.____used a round ball. Because they kicked the ball, they thought they would call the game football. It sounds like an obvious choice, doesn't?
However, it was more complex than that. At that time inEngland, there____43.____(be) many different styles of football, and each style had____44.____(it)own rules. In one style, started at a boys' school calledRugby, the players____45.____(allow) to pick up the ball and run with it. This game was called football too! So,____46.____(avoid) confusion, the men of the Football Association decided to call their game “Association football”.
Having chosen the name Association Football____47.____published their set of rules, the men started organizing the game. Meanwhile, the players and fans of Association Football found that the name____48.____their game was too long for easy use. What could they do? They shortened it of course ! “ Association Football" became “soccer”.
What do you call “Association Football”? If you are South American, you____49.____(probable) call it “futbol”. InKoreait is “chuk-gu”, and inChina, it is “zu-qiu”. Whatever you call it, Association Football is one of the most_____50._____(excite) sports in the world.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Yesterday afternoon I was chatting on the phone while something made me look up. On the other sides of the streetI saw my very elderly neighbor kneeling in the grass. I hang up the phone and ran out of the house. He was taking walk, and he tripped (绊倒) on the pavement. My neighbor was very large a man that I couldn't lift her on my own, so I ran back to call my husband! Together we got him standing, and he was unable to walk. Luckily, a woman, which bicycled by, came to help. She got on a lawn chair from my front yard and we got my neighbor seating. After a few minutes' rest, we sent him home.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.人们在生活中常常会拖延，请你以My Idea of Procrastination写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.你是否拖延；
2.你拖延与否的原因；
3.你对拖延的看法。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：procrastination n.拖延.；procrastinate V.拖延；procrastinator n.拖延者
My Idea of Procrastination
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A
16. A 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. D
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B
41. calling
42. which##that
43. were 44. its
45. were allowed
46. to avoid
47. and 48. of##for
49. probably
50. exciting
51.(1). while→when (2).sides→side (3). hang→hung (4). 在walk前加a (5). very→so (6). her→him (7). and→but (8).which→who (9). 去掉on (10).seating→seated
52.略。