2017职称英语考试综合类阅读理解英文及译文：美国教育的目标

职称英语考试综合类阅读理解英⽂及译⽂：美国教育的⽬标
教育是美国⼈的⽣活中很重要的⼀部分，花销也⼤。

基规模宏⼤，种类多样。

与其他⼤多数国家相⽐，美国教育处的不同在于美国教育是为每⼀个⼈设置的——不只是为享有特权的优等⽣。

学校是要满⾜每个孩⼦的需要，不论其能⼒如何，同时也要满⾜社会本⾝的需求。

这意味着公共学校提供的教育不只限于学术⽅⾯的课程。

很多⼈来到美国之后会吃惊地发现⾼中除了提供传统课程，例如：数学、历史和语⾔之外，他们还提供⼀些课程如打字、缝纫、⽆线电修理、计算机课程，或驾驶训练课程。

学⽣选择课程是根据个⼈喜好，⽬标以及能⼒⽔平。

美国教育潜在⽬标是将每⼀个孩⼦的能⼒最充分发挥出来，培养每⼀个孩⼦的公民和社区觉悟感。

成千上万的移民者涌⼊到这个国家，他们的出⾝背景不同。

习惯上，学校在建⽴民族团结以及使移民者叛国化两⽅⾯起着重⼤的作⽤。

学校在社区中，尤其在⼩城镇，仍然起着重要作⽤。

⼤家对美国的教学⽅法似乎也很陌⽣。

因为这种教学⽅法不仅不正式，⽽且不把重点放在学习具体知识上。

相反，美国⼈教孩⼦独⽴思考，教他们⾃⼰去开发⾃⼰的智慧以及创造能⼒。

学⽣花很多时间学习怎样使⽤参考资料、图书馆、数据以及计算机。

美国⼈认为只要孩⼦具有好的推理能⼒，好的研究⽅法，他们就能在以后找到⾃⼰所需的具体知识。

并认为懂得怎样解决问题⽐积累事实更重要。

在这个变化万千的时代⾥，全世界细⼼的⽗母都问着⼀个尖锐深刻的问题：“怎样为孩⼦的明天做准备呢？孩⼦的明天既不能预料也不能理解。

”上述的教学⽅法正是美国对这⼀问题的回答。

Goal of American Education
Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone — not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and “Americanizing” the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.
This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time: “How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?”。