高三英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Life in the future精品同步练习 新人教版必修5

高三英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Life in the future精品同步练
习新人教版必修5
Ⅰ.多项选择
1．Our son doesn’t know what to__________at the university；he can’t make up his mind about his future.
A．take in B．take up
C．take over D．take after
解析：选B。

take in接受，吸收，理解，欺骗；take up从事，参加，占据，继续；take over接管；take after像。

根据句意选B。

2．When Mr.Jones gets old，he will __________ over his business to his son.
A．take B．think
C．hand D．get
解析：选C。

考查动词词组辨析。

全句的意思是“琼斯先生年迈时，将会把公司__________他的儿子经营”。

根据句意可知，原文空格处应与over构成动词短语，表示“交给”的意思，同时要用somebody作间接宾语，hand over“移交，交给”，符合语境。

take over与hand over的意思相反，表示“接管，接替”；think over意为“仔细考虑，重新考虑”；get over意为“(从疾病、失望、震惊等中)恢复过来”。

3．The couple watched the Kongming light go higher and higher until they lost __________ of it.
A．view B．scene
C．vision D．sight
解析：选D。

句意：那对情侣看着孔明灯越飞越高，直到看不见了。

词组lose sight of 意思是“不再看见”。

4．(2011年西工大附中检测)If we want to arrive at the village on time，we’d better __________.
A．sweep up B．speed up
C．call up D．turn up
解析：选B。

speed up意为“加速”，符合题意。

sweep up清扫，掠过；call up给……打电话，使回忆起；turn up出现，找到，调高(音量等)。

5．—I have the__________that we have met once before.
—So we have.At a ball two years ago，remember now?
A．view B．relation
C．influence D．impression
解析：选D。

印象(impression)中我们以前见过一次面。

6．—Sir，please __________ off your mobile phone！The meeting has begun.
—Sorry.I forgot.
A．change B．switch
C．bend D．skip
解析：选B。

句意：先生，请关上手机！会议已经开始了。

switch off关上(手机、电灯等)。

7．If we cannot __________ the subject of astronomy，we won’t get the job opportunities on space stations.
A．master B．control
C．tolerate D．instruct
解析：选A。

句意：倘若我们没有掌握天文学，我们将不能把握在太空站工作的机会。

master意为“掌握”，符合题意。

control控制；tolerate容忍；instruct命令，指示。

8．—Could you tell me what happened?
—I’m not going to tell you about it，it’s __________.
A．uncertain B．enormous
C．perfect D．private
解析：选D。

private意为“私人的，秘密的”。

从答语中的I’m not going to tell you about it可知D项符合语境。

uncertain不确定的；enormous巨大的，庞大的；perfect 完美的。

9．After the meeting was over，the secretary __________ the new worker to the manager’s office.
A．aimed B．pointed
C．guided D．imitated
解析：选C。

句意：会议结束后，秘书领着新员工去经理办公室。

guide sb.to someplace 领某人去某地，符合句意。

aim瞄准；point指明；imitate模仿。

10．When I saw the cars crash on the road，a frightened feeling __________ across my mind.
A．flashed B．struck
C．hit D．occurred
解析：选A。

strike与hit都直接接宾语，不需用介词；occur需要与to连用。

句意：当我看到公路上汽车相撞时，恐惧感涌上我的心头。

Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Not ________________(意识到他的错误)，he continued to behave like that.(realize)
解析：考查分词作状语。

realize与主句的主语he成主动关系，故用现在分词。

答案：realizing his mistake
2．—Can I take my car now?
—Oh，sorry.It __________(修理)and won’t be ready for two hours.(repair) 解析：考查动词时态、语态。

由won’t be ready for two hours可知，车子正在维修，是被动进行时用法。

答案：is being repaired
3．Look at the old photo __________(在我家乡照的)when I was a child. (hometown) 解析：考查定语用法。

由句式结构可知，横线处用作定语，故用过去分词或定语从句作定语。

答案：(which was)taken in my hometown
4．________________(他们的共同特点)is that they are both devoted fans of Michael Jackson.(have)
解析：考查主语从句。

本题是what引导的主语从句，由短语have sth. in common可知答案。

答案：What they have in common
5．Mr. Brown was not a genius，nor ________________(他懂) physics. (understand) 解析：考查倒装结构。

否定副词nor放在句首句子部分倒装。

答案：did he understand
6．There is no waste paper in the basket. It must ________________(处理掉了)by the assistant.(dispose)
解析：考查情态动词表示推测的用法。

must have done表示过去一定做了某事。

答案：have been disposed of
7．Though the crew were at first under the impression __________(沉船找到了)，the contents of the sea－chest proved them wrong.(found)
解析：考查同位语从句和动词时态。

impression后的同位语从句中由于句子成分完整，所以要用只起连接作用的that引导；sink的动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。

答案：that the lost ship had been found
8．The situation will get worse if not __________(认真对待)．(deal with) 解析：考查分词作状语。

deal with与主句的主语situation成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。

答案：carefully dealt with
9．Requirements are given to each department that all the lights __________(关闭)whenever one leaves the office.(switch)
解析：考查虚拟语气。

本题是一个分割性的同位语从句，由requirements可知从句要使用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

答案：(should)be switched off
10．It’s raining so hard now. I ________________(应该带)an umbrella with me when I left home this morning.(bring)
解析：考查情态动词用法。

should have done表示本应该做而实际没做某事。

答案：should have brought
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Words：525 难度系数：☆☆☆建议用时：7′
Today we tell you about some new understanding of why cutting the main branch of a plant or tree can lead to better development.
The findings are from researchers on two_continents.Professor Prezemyslaw Prusinkiewicz of the University of Calgary in Canada led the research with scientists
from Britain and Sweden.Their study appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Researchers have known since the 1930s that the actively growing tip of a plant produces a hormone(荷尔蒙)called auxin(生长素)．This hormone flows down the main stem.Scientists say the auxin has an indirect effect on buds(芽)on the side of the stem to prevent branching.
These buds themselves also produce auxin.The research suggests that to grow，they have to be able to export the hormone into the main stem.But the flow from the stem tip prevents them from doing this.The researchers wanted to find out how this blocking happens.
Professor Prusinkiewicz is on leave in Australia，but he sent us an e－mail suggesting a simple way to understand the process.Think of a major road crowded with traffic.So many cars are on the main road that the cars on the side roads cannot enter.
The stem is like the crowded main road.The new research shows that the buds on the side cannot export their auxin into the main stem because it is too full.But if that main shoot is pruned(修剪)，other buds below it can start exporting.They are no longer prevented from growing.
Ottoline Leyser from the University of York says that after a plant is pruned，all the inhibited(被抑制的)shoot tips compete with each other to grow.In doing this，the branches influence each other’s growth.Nearby shoot tips are more likely to affect each other than those that are far apart from each other.
Professor Leyser says the strongest branches grow best，wherever they may be on the plant.The study found that the main shoot grows the best of all not because of its position at the top of the plant，but mostly because it got there first.
【解题导语】本文讲述了关于降低植物顶端优势，修剪树木主干的新的理解。

1．The underlined part “two continents” in Paragraph 2 refers to“__________”．
A．Asia and Africa
B．Africa and Europe
C．North America and Europe
D．Australia and Europe
解析：选C。

细节推理题。

根据第二段提及的科学家的国籍可推测出，Canada属于北美，而Britain and Sweden属于欧洲。

2．Professor Prusinkiewicz compares the cars on the side roads to __________.
A．plant stems B．plant buds
C．the leaves of a plant D．the roots of a plant
解析：选B。

细节理解题。

根据文章第五、六段可知，Professor Prusinkiewicz把植物的芽比作马路支路上的汽车。

3．To make the buds on the side of the stem to grow better，the main shoot should __________.
A．be cut off
B．be protected
C．be watered as much as possible
D．be given much auxin
解析：选A。

推理判断题。

根据第六段But if that main shoot is pruned(修剪)，other buds below it can start exporting.可知，为了让枝干上的芽生长，树顶的主芽应修剪掉。

4．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?
A．Researchers have recently found out that the growing tip of a plant produces hormones.
B．Auxin has a direct effect on buds to keep branches from growing.
C．Buds on the side of the stem can’t produce hormones.
D．In order to grow，the buds on the side of the stem export the hormones into the main stem.
解析：选D。

细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句话可知，科学家早在20世纪30年代就发现了植物快速生长的尖部产生荷尔蒙，A错误；由第三段第三句可知B错误；由第四段首句可知芽也可以产生生长素，C错误；D表述与第四段意思相符。

5．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
A．Why shoot tips grow fast?
B．When and how to prune plants?
C．Scientists help cut the mystery behind pruning
D．The great scientist—Prezemyslaw Prusinkiewicz
解析：选C。

标题归纳题。

文章第一段即点明了本文主旨。

本文是对于修剪树木主干的新理解。

Ⅳ.书面表达
(2011届辽宁大连检测)请根据下表中的内容写一篇短文。

姓名,杨振宁,性别,男,国籍,美籍华人出生地,安徽,出生日期,1922年9月22日职业,
物理
学家,教育
背景,清华大学研究生；美国芝加哥大学博士简介,1950年在美国结婚，婚后有两子一女，均在美国安家立业。

1957年和李政道一起获得诺贝尔物理学奖。

1998年起任清华大学教授。

2004年12月从美国回国并定居清华园，在清华大学教授物理。

获得多种荣誉，是许多大学的荣誉教授。

注意：
1．所写短文应包括所有要点；
2．开头已给出，不可逐字翻译。

3．词数100左右。

Yang Zhenning，a Chinese American physicist，was born
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：
Yang_Zhenning，a_Chinese_American_physicist，was_born on September 22,1922，in Anhui Province in China. After receiving his master’s degree in Tsinghua
University，he got his doctor’s degree in America’s Chicago University.He got married in 1950 and has two sons and a daughter，all of whom have built their homes in America.In 1957，he and his partner Li Zhengdao won the Nobel Prize for physics.Yang has been invited to be a professor in Tsinghua University since 1998.In December,2004，he returned to homeland from America and settled down in the university，beginning his teaching in Qinhua. In all his life，he has been given lots of honours and titled as the honoured professor for many universities.。