2020年北京市154中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案

2020年北京市154中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
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This is by far the best way to improve your real spoken English and listening abilities and get to a level where you can use it in real - life situations. Our teachers mainly carry on conversations about work in different fields, such as business, finance, politics and travel. However, if you like, you can have normal day - to - day conversations about events, weather, etc. If you would like to learn some grammar during conversation, we can do that too!
Our English Conversation classes：
• Your conversations will always be with a native English speaker.
• You can choose the time, day and teacher for each class.
• The classes are made for each student individually. They will be at your level, studying what you need and what interests you.
Packages
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20 Classes Package $ 439,80
Interested in taking 20, 55 - minute conversation English classes?
Schedule a first free class with LOI English and talk to the teacher about it. After that, you can arrange to take our 20 - class conversation English course.
1. What do the classes mainly focus on?
A. Daily conversations.
B. Work - related topics.
C. Grammar rules.
D. Area - based accents.
2. Which is NOT offered to the students?
A. Native English - speaking teachers.
B. Personalized courses.
C. Choice of class time and teacher.
D. Offline learning materials.
3. What should a student do first if he decides on either of the packages?
A. Arrange a free class with LOI English.
B. Bargain with LOI English for lower fees.
C. Choose an experienced LOI English teacher.
D. Make a promise to sit through each class.
B
This past year, I've found myself returning again and again to lines of poetry by Emily Dickinson. Like many people, I've needed the curing effects of reading more than ever. As scientists and psychologists will tell you, books are good for the brain and their benefits are particularly vital now.
Books expand our world, providing an escape and offering novelty, surprise and excitement. They broaden our view and help us connect with others. Books can also distract us and help reduce ourmental chatter.When we hit the “flow state" of reading where we're fully lost in a book, our brain's mode network calms down. It's a network of brain that is active and gets absorbed in thinking and worrying endlessly when we are not doing anything else.
There is so much noise in the world right now and the very act of reading is kind of meditation. You disconnect from the chaos around you.You reconnect with yourself when you are reading. And there's no more noise.
In 2020, the NPD Group recorded the best year of book sales since 2004. Yet even as people are buying more books,many are reporting they're having a harder time getting through them. It's difficult for your brain to focus on a book when it's constantly scanning for threats to keep you alive.Our fight-or-flight response has been consistently activated.
Sometimes I picture my brain as a cartoon brain with little arms and legs, fighting with a book I am holding and screaming: “Can't you see I'm busy!” Anxiety causes our brain to produce a flood of stress,which consumes our energy and makes it harder to concentrate.
Then one day in December sitting on my couch, I remembered how much I like to read"The House of Mirth" every few years around the holidays. The memory inspired me to pick up the familiar book, opened it up and started reading.I just kept going.The comfort and distraction and brain-opening experience gave me peace.So return to something familiar.
4. What does the underlined part “mental chatter” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Getting lost in a book.
B. Non-stop inner anxiety.
C. Chatting with the author.
D. Powerful network of brain.
5. What do we know about reading according to the text?
A. It can treat our headache.
B. It can calm down the noisy people.
C. It forces us to concentrate.on thinking.
D. It makes us communicate with ourselves.
6. Why was it difficult for people to finish reading books in 2020?
A. People bought too many books.
B. The books were too difficult to understand.
C. People just wanted to escape from the threat.
D. The life threat disturbed people's focus on books.
7. Why is the author's experience mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To rid people of concern for safety.
B. To present an effective reading way.
C. To wake up memories of an old book.
D. To recommend the book he/she reads.
C
A team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.
The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.
To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and
powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.
Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.
Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.
“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”
These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.
8. What can we learn about actuators?
A. They can heal on their own.
B. They are biological muscles.
C. They can not move like human muscles.
D. They are slower to react than real muscles.
9. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?
A. Solids.
B. Liquid and oil.
C. A type of polymer.
D. Potato chips bags.
10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The origin of actuators.
B. The opinions on actuators.
C. The advantages of actuators.
D. The significance of actuators.
11. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?
A. Health.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Technology.
D
We use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.
Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named
Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.
The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.
When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.
When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.
With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.
12. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To make comparisons.
C. To provide an example.
D. To support his argument.
13. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?
A. It failed to complete the task.
B. It followed the etiquette rules.
C. It made a random decision.
D. It communicated with the researchers.
14. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?
A. It was creative but worthless.
B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.
C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.
D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Robot Taught To Be Polite
B. Robot Can Explain Its Decision
C. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A Dream
D. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A Problem
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Having more than 500 revolution- related sites, Zunyi of Guizhou province is a city immersed in red culture. "Zunyi is a city rooted in revolutionary history," said Zheng Yunjie, 17, who is from the city. "____16____However, they usually have a good impression toward Zunyi, I guess it's the 'red culture' that gives the city a positive image and makes it popular." Indeed, Zunyi has a close connection with the development of the Communist Party of China (CPC)and the Red Army, a forerunner of the People' s Liberation Army. During the Long March(1934—1936), Zunyi is where the Red Army, under the command of the CPC, turned setbacks into victories.
____17____They learn to cherish the "red spirit". Zheng, for example, has seen the rusty guns of the Red Army soldiers, visited the steeps of Loushanguan, and admired the monument carved with former leader Deng Xiaoping's words, "The spirit of the Red Army is forever remembered."
Schools also organize red-themed activities to pass on the cultural heritage to younger generations.____18____Huang Xinyi, 13, has participated in red-themed hand-copied newspaper competitions. In one of her articles, Huang wrote, "Looking like a rooster on the map, my motherland is grand and magnificent. With the red scarf floating over my chest, the Party's great mission is remembered in heart."
____19____The city has seen over 630.5 million visits during the past five years, gaining a revenue of about 641.67 billion yuan, according to China Daily. Every year from 2016 to 2020, with the help of booming "red tourism", more than 50,000 local people were able to shake off poverty.
____20____Tourists can dress like Red Army soldiers from head to toe for less than 100 yuan at Long March-themed cosplay shops in the city center. At local memorial sites, Red Army-related plays bring history back to life, reported China Daily. The Zunyi Conference site is a part of the planned cultural park. Mou Xinyue, 17, once volunteered as a tour guide at the spot. "Many tourists made special trips to Zunyi from thousands of miles away, just to relive those hard but glamorous days," she told China Daily, "The red history makes Zunyi a big name across the country, and I believe the cultural heritage will bring my hometown an even brighter future."
A. Zunyi is like a red culture theme park.
B. Zunyi's revolutionary history has shaped the city.
C. It is seen as the turning point in the history of the CPC.
D. Many people might consider Guizhou to be poor and closed.
E. Teenagers living in this city grow up hearing the revolutionary stories.
F.Zunyi has witnessed many big events during China's revolutionary history.
G. These include trips to the red tourism spots and performances of revolutionary songs
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My life turned a corner two years before. I realized, my first and real enthusiasm is writing___21___. As a child, I was introvert (内向的) , and basically a bookworm. The only thing I wished for, was___22___, and I used to finish them as quickly as I could. Along with reading, I loved___23___— but at that time, it was mainly prose (散文)! My love for writing started with writing journals, and___24___. Even before my teens, I had___25___in many countries, and then technology wasn't as___26___as it isnow. I guess my letters were quite poetic and charming, because my pen-friends told me that they___27___my letters even after I stopped writing to them as___28___was expensive!
Then my following life wasn't poetic anymore! I___29___pouring my emotions in journals or diaries. Many years passed! Was poetry my passion? Probably! One day two years earlier, one of my childhood friends wrote to me, “Hi there! How many books have you____30____ever since?”
That communication suddenly____31____me up, and lit my dream that I was eager to publish my own collection of poems. The____32____from my childhood came back, I____33____who I was. At that moment, I felt very excited and within a (n)____34____moment, I wrote my first poem! That poem was actually____35____, may be one of the best of what I have written so far!
After that first____36____, I realized what my real passion was! And poems started coming one after another! Sometimes I got up at____37____, and thought about some lines! And I had to write them____38____, otherwise these lines will slide away!
The terrible epidemic (流行病)____39____me to write several poems, which may____40____indescribable sufferings of people.
21. A.songs B.novels C.poems D.journals
22. A.books B.pictures C.toys D.clothes
23. A.drawing B.dancing C.swimming D.writing
24. A.reports B.articles C.letters D.words
25. A.pen-friends B.classmates C.s D.workers
26. A.backward B.convenient C.important D.simple
27. A.burned B.threw C.tore D.preserved
28. A.price B.postage C.water D.gas
29. A.forgot B.avoided C.missed D.enjoyed
30. A.bought B.sold C.published D.learned
31. A.picked B.woke C.turned D.brought
32. A.memories B.trouble C.sufferings D.happiness
33. A.treasured B.admitted C.remembered D.challenged
34. A.hard B.proud C.long D.emotional
35. A.strange B.dull C.good D.disappointing
36. A.experience B.job C.meeting D.conversation
37. A.table B.noon C.home D.midnight
38. A.nervously B.calmly C.immediately D.slowly
39. A.inspired B.advised C.told D.introduce
40. A.achieve B.reduce C.strengthen D.develop
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Yuan Longping,____41.____agricultural scientist in China,____42.____(die) on Saturday at a hospital in Changsha, Yuan spent his life____43.____(research) rice and was a household name in China,____44.____(know) by the nickname “Father of Hybrid Rice. ”
He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice in the 1960s,____45.____a series of natural disasters had made China suffer a great famine that caused many deaths. Hybrid rice recorded an annual yield (产量)about 20 percent higher than____46.____of conventional rice strains. Because of his great work, China____47.____(feed) nearly one-fifth of the world's population____48.____less than 9 percent of the world's total land now.
Yuan is____49.____(wide) popular and respected among his students. "Although Mr Yuan passed away, the content and goal of our previous work will not change. We will transform grief into_____50._____(strong) and carry on the work he left undone, Wang Shigang, one of his students, told the Global Times on Sunday.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I love reading. When I was free, I always read my favorite books. To me joy, books help me understood the world better. I will never to stop the love for reading at any time. There are a number of book for people to read. I like those books on history and literature.Readinghistory obvious makes me wise.Readingliterature widen my view and makes my life amazed. Honestly speaking, I benefit so many from reading. As the saying goes, “Something is learned every time certain book is opened.” Isn’t it a pleasure to start reading from now on?
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你们学校为响应政府倡导的“公筷、公勺(serving chopsticks and spoons)”的文明饮食习惯，向全校发出了“公筷行动，从我做起”的倡议并组织了相关活动。

你的英国朋友John想了解有关情况，请你用英语写一封回信给John，内容包括：
1.活动内容；
2.活动目的；
3.活动意义。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. B
8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
41. an 42. died
43. researching
44. known 45. when
46. that 47. is feeding
48. with 49. widely
50. strength
51.(1). was→am
(2). me→my
(3). understood→understand
(4). 删除to
(5). book→books
(6). obvious→obviously
(7). widen→widens
(8). amazed→amazing
(9). many→much
(10). 在certain前加a
52.略。