2022年考研考博-考博英语-昆明理工大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：90

2022年考研考博-考博英语-昆明理工大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编
押题第五期（含答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash. Virtually all financial（）will be conducted by computer.
问题1选项
A.transactions
B.transmissions
C.transitions
D.transformations
【答案】A
【解析】考查形近词辨析。

A选项transaction“业务，交易”；B选项transmission“传送，传播”；C选项transition“过渡，转变，变迁”；D选项transformation“变化，改观，转变”。

根据financial （财政的，金融的）可知A选项符合语境。

句意：由于人们不需要携带大量现金，走在街上会更安全，几乎所有的金融交易都将由计算机进行。

2.
单选题
It is rather（）that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today. 问题1选项
A.misleading
B.boring
C.embarrassing
D.demanding
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项misleading“误导性的”；B选项boring“无聊的，无趣的”；C选项embarrassing“使人尴尬的，令人为难的”；D选项demanding“要求高的，要求极严的”。

句中的it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，由“we still do not know how many species there are in the world today（我们仍然不知道今天世界上有多少种物种）”可知C选项符合语境。

句意：我们现在还不知道世界上有多少物种，这是相当令人尴尬的。

3.
单选题
Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work（）, we declined the offer.
问题1选项
A.was not finished
B.has not been finished
C.did not finish
D.not having been finished
【答案】D
【解析】考查独立主格。

offer sb. a lift表示“让某人搭便车”。

but 做原因状语，当状语的逻辑主语（our work）和句子的主语不一致时，需要用独立主格结构。

独立主格结构是由名词或者代词+非谓语动词构成，故空格处应为非谓语动词，因此选D。

句意：沃尔特在离开办公室时让我们搭便车，但我们的工作还没有完成，我们拒绝了他的提议。

4.
单选题
A chameleon is a type of reptile that can（）the color of its surroundings so that it can
not be seen easily. 问题1选项
A.deal with
B.take on
C.seek out
D.escape from
【答案】B
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项deal with“涉及，处理”；B选项t ake on“呈现，显出（新面貌或新特点）”；C选项seek out“搜出，找出”；D选项escape from“逃脱”。

从句“that can______the color of its surroundings”中的空格处应填入一个谓语动词，其宾语为color，故B选项符合逻辑搭配。

句意：变色龙是一种爬行动物，它可以呈现周围环境的颜色，因此不容易被看见。

5.
单选题
If your car（）any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. 问题1选项
A.shall need
B.should need
C.would need
D.will need
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句子是指如果车要保养的话，含有对将来情况的假设，因此从句谓语动词用should+do表示与将来事实相反的假设。

句意：如果您的车在前12个月需要任何保养，请将其交给授权经销商。

6.
单选题
The close relationship between poetry and music scarcely needs to be argued. Both are aural modes which employ rhythm, rhyme, and pitch as major devices; to these the one adds linguistic meaning, connotation, and various traditional figures, and the other can add, at least in theory, all of these plus harmony, counterpoint （对位）, and orchestration techniques. In English the two are closely bound historically. Anglo-Saxon heroic poetry seems certainly to have been read or chanted to a harpist’s （竖琴师）accompaniment; the verb used in Beowulf for such a performance, the Finn episode （逸事）,is singan, to sing, and the noun gyd, song.
A major source of the lyric tradition in English poetry is the songs of the troubadours. The distance between the gyd in Beowulf and the songs of Leonard Cohen or Bob Dylan may seem great, but is one of time rather than aesthetics. The lyric poem as a literary work and the lyrics of a popular song are both still essentially the same thing: poetry. Whether the title of the work be "Gerontion," or "You Ain't Nothin'. But a Hound Dog," our criteria for evaluating the work must remain the same.
The most important prerequisite （先决条件）for both a significant poem and significant lyrics in a popular song is that the writer be faithful to his own personal vision or to the vision of the poem he is writing. Skill and craft for writing poetry are indeed necessary because these are the only means by which a poet can preserve the integrity of this vision in the poem. A poet must not, either because of lack of skill or because of worship of popularity, wealth, or critical acclaim, go outside of his own or his own poem’s vision — on pain of writing only the derivative（派生物）or the trivial. Historically, the writers and singers of the lyrics of popular songs have seemed often to be incapable of personal vision, and to have confused both originality and morality with a servile（奴性的）compliance to popular taste.
1.According to the writer, the relationship between poetry and music（）.
2.Which of the following statements is true, according to the text?
3.In the text, the author focuses on（）.
问题1选项
A.is indisputable if you analyze history
B.is a debatable topic
C.needs to be acknowledged more by poets
D.can be made but in a limited way
问题2选项
A.The differences between poetry and song lyrics have been overstated.
B.Song lyrics and poetry must be treated analytically as the same.
C.The lyrics of a song are not different from the lyrics of poetry.
D.It is the time not the aesthetics that is different in most poems and song lyrics.
问题3选项
A.the difference between good poetry and songs and mediocre ones
B.the various ways songs and poems are similar
C.the shared, most important evaluation criteria in songwriting and poetry
D.how to evaluate a poem and a s ong’s value from a lyrical standpoint
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:C
【解析】1.推理判断题。

根据题干关键词relationship定位到文章第一段，由The close relationship between poetry and music scarcely needs to be argued. In English the two are closely bound historically（诗歌和音乐之间的密切关系几乎不需要争论。

在英语中，两者在历史上有着密切的联系）可知从历史的角度来看，诗歌与音乐之间的关系是无可争辩的，因此A选项符合题意。

2.推理判断题。

由文章第二段中的The lyric poem as a literary work and the lyrics of a popular song are both still essentially the same thing: poetry.（作为文学作品的抒情诗和流行歌曲的抒情诗在本质上仍然是一回事：诗歌）可知C选项“一首歌的歌词和诗歌的歌词没有什么不同”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。

由文章第二段中的our criteria for evaluating the work must remain the same（我们对作品评价的标准必须保持一致）可知C选项“歌曲创作和诗歌中最重要的共同评价标准”符合题意。

7.
单选题
The children have a more（）view, only taking in consideration what will work. A.pragmatic
B.dreary
C.marital
D.dominant
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项pragmatic“实用的，讲求实效的”；B选项dreary“令人沮丧的，沉闷的”；C选项marital“婚姻的，夫妻关系的”；D选项dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占优势的”。

由后面的“only taking in consideration what will work（只有考虑到什么才能起作用）”可知A选项最符合逻辑搭配。

句意：孩子们有一个更实用的观点，只考虑什么会起作用。

8.
单选题
When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to （）her umbrella.
问题1选项
A.carry
B.fetch
C.bring
D.reach
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项carry“拿，运送，携带”，指一般的搬运，多指用人力；B选项fetch“（去）拿来，（去）请来”，指说话人离开说话处，去别处把某人或某物带来；C选项bring“带来，引来”，从别处拿某物到说话人处，由远及近；D选项reach“到达”。

根据选项的意思及句意可知选B。

句意：当她看到了乌云的时候，她回到房子里去拿她的雨伞。

9.
单选题
It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans, life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death—and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.
Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians—frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.
In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age—say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way”，so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.
I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.
Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. Ask a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.
1.What is implied in the first sentence?
2.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that（）.
3.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of
（）.
4.In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care
（）.
5.The text intends to express the idea that（）. A.Americans are better prepared for death than other people
B.Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before
C.Americans are over-confident of their medical technology
D.Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy
问题2选项
A.medical resources are often wasted
B.some treatments are too aggressive
C.doctors are helpless against fatal diseases
D.medical costs are becoming unaffordable
问题3选项
A.strong disapproval
B.reserved consent
C.Slight contempt
D.enthusiastic support
问题4选项
A.more flexibly
B.more extravagantly
C.more cautiously
D.more reasonably
问题5选项
A.medicine will further prolong people’s lives
B.life beyond a certain limit is not worth living
C.death should be accepted as a fact of life
D.excessive demands increase the cost of health care
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:C
【解析】1.推理判断题。

由文章第一段中的It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.（据说在英国死亡是迫在眉睫的，在加拿大死亡是不可避免的，在加利福尼亚死亡是可选择的）以及其后介绍的医疗技术的进步，使美国人在过去的一个世纪里，预期寿命几乎翻了一翻，因此C选项“美国人对他们的医疗技术过于自信”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。

由文章第二段中的Death is normal...Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians—frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.（死亡是正常的……我们要求一切可以为我们做的事情，即使它是无用的。

最明显的例子是晚期癌症护理。

医生们因无法治愈疾病而感到沮丧，并且担心病人失去希望，他们常常采用远远超出科学依据的极端治疗）可知A选项“医疗资源经常被浪费”符合题意。

3.观点态度题。

根据题干关键词Lamm定位到文章第三段中，可知Lamm的观点是the old and infirm“have
a duty to die and get out of the way”（年老体弱的人有义务死亡，以免挡住道路）。

由第四段中的I would not go that far...As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.（我不会走这么远……作为一个只有68岁的人，我希望能像他们一样富有成效地衰老）和最后一段中的I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful... we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures（我知道最昂贵和最戏剧性的措施可能是无效和痛苦的……我们可能为寻求不太可能治愈的方法提供了过多的资金）可推测作者基本同意Lamm的观点，但仍然有所保留，因此选B。

4.推理判断题。

由文章最后一段中的I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have.（我还知道，日本和瑞典的人们在医疗上花费更少，他们的寿命比我们的更长，更健康）可知D选项“更合理”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。

文章第一段提出尽管有一个伟大的医疗卫生体系，但死亡不可避免；第二段提出死亡是正常的，但我们却想尽一切方法来延缓生命；第三段提出医疗资源不应该被浪费在一些没有挽救意义的人身上；第四段提出老年人的生活也可以是有价值的；第五段指出寿命的长短，依靠的不仅仅是医疗资源，应该合理使用。

故本文旨在说明人们要勇于接受死亡，因此C选项“死亡应该被接受为生活中的事实”符合题意。

10.
单选题
A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or express the emotion that it（）in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.
问题1选项
A.reflects
B.retains
C.radiates
D.rouses
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项reflect“反射（光、热、声或影像）”；B选项retain“保持”；C选项radiate“辐射，发射”；D选项rouse“唤醒，激起（某种情感）”。

句中的it 指代前面的sunset，根据语境，可知选D，表示“the emotion that it rouses（日落激起的情感）”。

句意：一个年轻人看到日落，无法理解或表达它在他心中激起的情感，他得出结论，日落想必是通往遥远世界的大门。

11.
单选题
In spite of my repeated apologies, she never forgave me for my（）her private affairs.
问题1选项
A.potential for
B.expertise of
C.intrusion into
D.injection into
【答案】C
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项potential for“有……潜能/可能”；B选项expertise of“……专业技能/知识”；C选项intrusion into“侵入，侵犯，侵扰”；D选项injection into“注射，注入”。

由private affairs（隐私）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。

句意：尽管我一再道歉，但她不会原谅我侵犯了她的隐私。

12.
单选题
I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave,（）something occurred which attracted my attention.
问题1选项
A.unless
B.until
C.when
D.while
【答案】C
【解析】考查时间状语从句。

根据句意可知发生的事，是在我打算离开的时候，故空格处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，排除A、B选项，occurred为短暂性动词，而while引导的从句动词必须是持续性动词，因此选C。

句意：我有些失望且正要离开时，突然发生了一件事引起了我的注意。

13.
单选题
I second Mr. Smith’s motion that we（）a special board to examine the problem. 问题1选项
A.set up
B.have to set up
C.are to set up
D.may set up
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

在英语中，表示“命令、建议、愿望、要求”等的词（不管是动词、名词、形容词）之后的从句用should+动词原词，而且should可以省略。

句中的motion表示“提议”，其后是由that引导的同位语从句，因此选A。

句意：我赞成史密斯先生的提议，即我们成立一个专门委员会来审查这个问题。

14.
单选题
It is well known that the retired workers in our country are （）free medical care.
问题1选项
A.entitled to
B.involved in
C.associated with
D.assigned to
【答案】A
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项entitled to“有权享有，有资格”；B选项involved in“涉及”；C选项associated with“参加，与……有关”；D选项assigned to“被分配给”。

根据free medical care （免费医疗）可知A选项符合语境。

句意：众所周知，我国退休职工享有免费医疗。

15.
单选题
The（）of electronic computers has opened up new ways of data analysis for the scientists. 问题1选项
A.advert
B.adverse
C.advent
D.advise
【答案】C
【解析】考查形近词辨析。

A选项advert作名词表示“广告，宣传”，作不及物动词表示“引起注意，提到”；B选项adverse“不利的，有害的”是形容词；C选项advent“（重要事件、人物、发明等的）出现，到来”是名词；D选项advise“劝告，忠告，建议”是动词。

由“the+名词+of”及句意可知选C。

句意：电子计算机的出现为科学家们开辟了新的数据分析方法。