2020届佛山南海第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案

2020届佛山南海第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It's our pleasure to confirm this year’s Category Winners.
First Novel Award Winner
Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
Author: Gail Honeyman
Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit (机智). It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman’s debut (初次登台、开张)is a funny and moving diamond.
Biography Award Winner
Book: In the Days of Rain
Author: Rebecca Stott
The Exclusive Brethren were aclosed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.
Poetry Award Winner
Book: Inside the Wave
Author: Helen Dunmore
To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world – and the acutely intense being of both.
Children's Award Winner
Book:The Explorer
Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn
Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it’s only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children's fiction.
1.What kind of life does Eleanor lead?
A.boring and lonely.
B.funny and touching.
C.exciting and complex.
D.ordinary and happy.
2.Why did Rebecca Stott writeIn the Days of Rain?
A.To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren.
B.To help her father fulfill his last wish.
CTo share the life of fundamentalist Christians.
D.To pass on her family traditions.
3.For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing?
A.Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine
B.In the Days of Rain
C.Inside the Wave
D.The Explorer
B
The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.
In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.
Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.
These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by
letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.
But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.
For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.
Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.
I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.
4. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.
A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors
B delivering babies can be difficult work
C. some doctors are not very experienced
D. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes
5. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.
A. tend to prescribe less effective medicine
B. are more concerned about the patients' safety
C. become less confident in writing a prescription
D. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding
6. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Result
B. Benefit
C. Difference
D. Absence
7. The author will probably agree that________.
A. we should not doubt our own decisions
B. our experience will pave way for our future
C. humans are emotional and irrational on the whole
D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions
C
Tofight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park. In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orangepeels(皮) on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very attractive.
But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their competitor was "polluting a national park". They ended up winning, and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.
Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues（途径，手段）with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.
"While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls ofvines(藤) in the orange peel site itself," said Timothy Treuer.
Treuer and his team spent months picking upsamples(样品), analyzing and comparing them. They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not. The area withorange waste had richer soil.
The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar withcomposting(施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange "mined" a national parkand stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of "ruining" is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.
8. What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?
A. Add them to fuel.
B. Feed them to animals.
C. Burn or bury them.
D. Make them into cakes.
9. What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?
A. It lasted 15 years.
B. It was signed by Treuer.
C. It was made in about 1998.
D. It was broken by Del Oro.
10. What was Treuer's finding?
A. Orange peels contain much fibre.
B. Orange peels can make soil richer.
C. Orange peels rot away in a short time.
D. Orange waste ruined the national park.
11. What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. Disapproving.
B. Positive.
C. Worried.
D. Admirable.
D
A 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.
Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.
Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”
Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim they had just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.
Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。

Asked about the champion swimmer's unusual name,she said she'd always loved the nameClark. And her husband's favorite superhero just happened to be Superman. So when their child was born, they decided to give him the name“ClarkKent". The nickname “Superman" appeared naturally.
12. What can be learned about Clark Kent Apuada?
A. He is in grade four now.
B. He dreams big and is promising.
C. He is a native American.
D. He broke Phelps' record at age 7.
13. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“decorated”in Paragraph 4?
A. Being popular.
B. Being respected.
C. Being talked about most.
D. Being awarded medals.
14. How didClarkget his nickname?
A. His friends called him the name.
B. He lived by his name at that point.
C. His father named him after his superhero.
D. His mother loved the name.
15. What is the best title of the text?
A. A 10-Year-Old Beats Michael Phelps'Previous Swimming Record
B. A 10-Year-Old Swimmer with Sky-high Dreams
C. Phelps and His Amazing Swimming Record
D. Clark Kent-the Greatest Athlete of All Time
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.____16____.
____17____. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times.____18____, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
____19____, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound thebody as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research,____20____, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race
walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
A. Race walkers are conditioned athletes
B. Like running, race walking is physically demanding
C. Having a medical checkup
D. It does, however, have its won problem.
E. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity.
F. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries
G. runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Like many writers, I'm an expert at procrastination (拖延). When I ought to be working on a(n)___21___, I'll sit there watching pointless videos.
According to traditionalthinking, my problem is___22___management. Increasingly, however, psychologists are___23___this is wrong.
Tim Pychyl at Carleton University in Canada has proposed that procrastination is an issue with___24___our emotions, not time. The task we’re___25___is making us feel bad---perhaps it's too boring, too difficult or we’re too___26___failing---and to make ourselves___27___better in the moment, we start doing something else, like watching videos. One of the first___28___to inspire the emotional effect of procrastination was published in the early 2000s by researchers at Case Western Reserve University, Ohio. Researchers first made people feel bad by asking them to read sad stories and showed that this___29___their possibility to procrastinate before an intelligence test.
The further research has also highlighted the____30____of procrastination. A recent study has shown that____31____procrastination can affect mental and physical health due to a build-up of guilt and frustration over avoiding important work.
Over time, high____32____and poor health behaviors are well known to have an effect on health as they can increase the____33____of serious and chronic health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis and even cancer.
All of the following means of____34____procrastination could have a major positive effect on your life. The next time you feel____35____to procrastinate, make your focus as simple as “What’s the next____36____---a
simple next step---I would take on this task if I were to get started on it now?” said Pychyl. “____37____this takes your mind off your feelings and onto____38____achievable action. Our research and personal experience has____39____us very clearly that once we get started, we're typically able to keep going. Getting____40____is everything.”
21. A. task B. protect C. issue D. job
22. A. emotion B. time C. motivation D. preference
23. A. assuming B. supposing C. wishing D. realizing
24. A. accessing B. managing C. using D. voicing
25. A. going over B. taking on C. going through D. putting off
26. A. tired of B. worried about C. ready for D. concerned with
27. A. look B. live C. feel D. get
28. A. cases B. experiments C. investigations D. proofs
29. A. increased B. proved C. lessened D. ignored
30. A. development B. dangers C. process D. types
31. A. occasional B. regular C. accidental D. monthly
32. A. stress B. expectation C. load D. requirement
33. A. cure B. limit C. risk D. treatment
34. A. recognizing B. studying C. identifying D. overcoming
35. A. anxious B. hesitant C. eager D. relieved
36. A. goal B. action C. choice D. excuse
37. A. Doing B. Knowing C. Imagining D. Planning
38. A. simply B. individually C. personally D. easily
39. A. shown B. inspired C. encouraged D. persuaded
40. A. changed B. adapted C. adopted D. started
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In early 1976, Mau Piailug, a fisherman, led an expedition___41.___he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean fromHawaiitoTahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized___42.___expedition. Its purpose was___43.___(find) out if sailors in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational (航行的)___44.___(instrument), or whether the
islands had been populated (使聚居)___45.___accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by___46.___(observe) the stars, the wind and the sea. He understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was___47.___(confidence) he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it without a compass (指南针)or charts.
The voyage proved thatHawaii's first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau___48.___(he) became a keen teacher, passing on his___49.___(tradition) secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not___50.___(lose). He explained the positions of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In December 2012, my father told my sister and me that he couldnˈt afford buy us any clothes that year, not even our traditional treats of apples, oranges, and candy. Heard what my father said, my sister and I both felt a little sadly. However, we quite understood himself. My mother had been had an illness the year before and was frequently going to the hospital, so there were no money for New Year. On New Yearˈs Eve, we heard a knock on the door. Two lady came in and gave us new coats, along with some holiday treats. They say that our neighbor across the street had told their charity about our situation, but the charity wanted to help. I will never forgot their kindness.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Martin即将作为交换生来你校学习，担心不太适应中国的生活。

请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.给出建议(至少2条)；
3.表达祝愿。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. A
7. D
8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A
12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
16. D 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. G
21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36.
B 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. D
41. where
42. the 43. to find
44. instruments
45. by 46. observing
47. confident
48. himself
49. traditional
50. be lost
51.(1).在buy的前面加to
(2).Heard→ Hearing
(3).sadly→ sad
(4). himself→him
(5). 将been去掉
(6).were→was
(7). lady→ ladies
(8). say→said
(9).but→and/so
(10).forgot→forget
52.略。