2020年延庆区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析

2020年延庆区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
There is nothing ordinary about this little boy's adorable experience with his musical heroes.5-year-old Taylor Hooper was just one of the 35,0000people who were attending the Foo Fighters concert in Belfast, Norther Ireland last week. Not only is the American rock group his favorite band, it was also his first ever concert.
Taylor's mother, Nikki Hooper, says that she and her husband have always been huge fans of the Foo Fighters. In addition to traveling far and wide to see their shows, they even named their son after the drummer, Taylor Hawkins. So when the band played in their home city, they decided it was finally time for their son to see their beloved rock and rockers in concert.
“He's been listening to them since he was born — mainly because his dad and I are super fans.” Mrs Hooper told BBC. “We called the event organizers and they said it would be no problem, but that we should know it would be a loud music event, so we gotTaylorsome special headphones. When we got there everyone was so welcoming to him.”
Throughout the show, the audience continuously madeTaylorand his parents move closer to the stage. Furthermore, Mrs. Hooper helped her son stand out from the crowd by making him a sign that said he was a 5-year-old attending his first concert.
When Foo Fighters front man Dave Grohl finally saw the sign and read it aloud into the microphone, the crowd began chanting for them to bring the youngster onto the stage. That's exactly what he did. When the stage managers brought the boy to the stage, Grohl asked Taylor to show the crowd how to dance．The small boy then danced to the whole song, making him an “Inter net wonder”.Taylordidn't just walk away
from the show with memories, either;the band also invited him backstage to give him a number of gifts, including
a pair of Taylor Hawkins's drumsticks.
4. What is Foo Fighters in the passage?
A. I's a music show.
B. It's a music band.
C. It's a pop song.
D. It's a music fan.
5. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that_______．
A. the organizers refused to let the child watch the show
B. there was nothing wrong for the child to watch the show
C. the organizers suggested the kid take care of the loud noise
D. the child felt so scared that he didn't want to go to the stage
6. How did 5-year-old Taylor Hooper cause people's attention?
A. By shouting loudly.
B. By running to the singers.
C. By holding a sign showing his age.
D. By dancing to the whole song.
7. How didTaylorfeel about his first ever concert?
A. Worried.
B. Scared.
C. Sorry.
D. Pleased.
C
Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.
In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.
After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.
Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.
More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which usesartificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.
All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever “Kid of the Year”.
8. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?
A. The incident of lead pollution.
B. The issue with drug addiction.
C. The shortage of water supplies.
D. The high cost of purifying water.
9. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?
A. It'll remove metal from water.
B. It'll make it to market soon.
C. It'll win her a higher prize.
D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.
10. What will Kindly allow users to do?
A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.
B. Input words into a computer automatically.
C. Choose from secure social networking sites.
D. Weigh their words before posting them online.
11. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?
A. Ambitious and humble.
B. Optimistic and adventurous.
C. Talkative and outstanding.
D. Creative and productive.
D
Researchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change the body's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.
The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.
Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."
Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.
12. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?
A. It will be used for medical purposes.
B. It will be made smaller and wearable.
C. It will change natural power into electricity.
D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.
13. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?
A. To give an explanation.
B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce a topic.
D. To analyze the cause.
14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The strengths of Xiao's device.
B. The convenience of using a battery.
C. The replacement of wearable devices.
D. The development of traditional electronics.
15. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?
A. It operates with plenty of power.
B. It is designed for practical use.
C. It benefits people's health in a way.
D. It's based on traditional electronics.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项You probably think of food poisoning as something that you might pick up at a diner or an outdoor barbecue stand.___16___. The way you handle food in your own kitchen—which, unlike a restaurant, doesn’t have to obey health regulations—can just as easily make you sick. Here are some most overlooked food safety guidelines.
·Wash your hands properly
This might seem like the most obvious food-safety practice. However, most people don’t bother to do it. And the minority that does wash doesn’t do it properly—which might be even more dangerous, because they think they’re protecting themselves and their families, when they aren’t.___17___.
·___18___
Chances are, you’ve probably taken a bite of something in the fridge that’s just a teeny bit past the expiration date, in an effort to see if it’s safe to cat the rest of it. If it’s gone dangerously bad, it should taste extremely unpleasant, right?___19___. According to the U.S. Department of Agricuture, there is one type of bacteria which typically don’t change the taste, smell or appearance of food.
·Wash fruit and veggies, even if you’re going to peel them
___20___. The problem is that when you cut away the unwashed skin and then use the same knife to cut up what’s underncath, you actually may be spreading bacteria from the outside to the inside. In fact, you can contaminate the vegetables further if your salad bowl or sink is not clean.
A.But there are many downsides.
B.Better safe than sorry
C.Don't taste food to see if it's good.
D.However, drinking heavily increases the risk of diabetes.
E.Why wash them when you are not going to eat the skin?
F.But those aren't the only places you might get food poisoning.
G.You're supposed to wash your hand with running water, add soap and wash for at least 20 seconds.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Once my dad and I had a very big___21___in a late evening when my mother was away. We were both very angry and said something___22___,and in the end I said, “I'm leaving.”
And he said with___23___, “Good. The sooner, the better. ”
I___24___a few things in the suitcase and closed the___25___behind me, but I didn't know where to go. After walking aimlessly, I stopped at a local___26___. A few___27___later, my phone rang. It was my mom calling. She said, “Mary. Where are you? Dad said he___28___you.”
“How can he say that? I've been away for nearly half an hour,___29___he didn't call.” I said with annoyance. My anger returned and I remembered all the___30___words he'd shouted to me. “Listen, mom. You can tell Dad that I'm___31___. Tomorrow I'll___32___you.” I said and hung up.
I walked around the supermarket, trying to get my thoughts together. By the time I paid for my things, it had been much later than I used to be out alone. When I___33___the supermarket, I____34____a large piece of white paper. On the piece of white paper were these words, “Please come home! I___35___you and I'm worried about you!”
Then a car pulled up beside me. Hanging out of the window was my dad. Beside him, smiling gently, sat my___36___. And that's when I started laughing. I laughed so hard that I___37___. Despite my best efforts to run away from___38___, my father___39___managed to track me down. I couldn't leave now—with him___40___there with caring eyes.
21. A. dream B. argument C. journey D. plan
22. A. important B. terrible C. boring D. interesting
23. A. anger B. smile C. patience D. peace
24. A. looked for B. put up C. paid for D. packed up
25. A. box B. book C. door D. window
26. A. supermarket B. hospital C. office D. hotel
27. A. minutes B. hours C. months D. years
28. A. recognised B. looked after C. believed D. cared about
29. A. so B. or C. but D. if
30. A. difficult B. unpleasant C. impolite D. serious
31. A. fine B. clever C. healthy D. generous
32. A. love B. ask C. call D. find
33. A. attacked B. organized C. left D. moved
34. A. wrote B. noticed C. designed D. printed
35. A. forget B. hate C. support D. miss
36. A. mom B.teacher C. classmate D. boss
37. A. agreed B. cried C. thought D. succeeded
38. A. company B. club C. home D. school
39. A. hardly B. gradually C. calmly D. finally
40. A. sleeping B. running C. walking D. sitting
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As a player, Lang Ping brought____41.____and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to____42.____at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and____43.____. When the Chinese team was___44.___for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling____45.____. One of the best players had been____46.____, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. Losing two important players was a big challenge,_____47._____Lang Ping did not lose heart. She had faced difficulties____48.____, and she knew that her young players could win if they____49.____together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world_____50._____! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）.并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In recent years Lake Baikal, the deepest freshwaterlake,has paid much attention to because ofaextreme sport. Each March, about 150 people signed up for the Baikal Lake Marathon. They come to explore the lake's extraordinarily beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. And on March, the ice is a meter thick and very hard. Runners cross the frozen surface, finishing on the western sides of the lake. Knowing as the “blue eye of Siberia”, the lake has clear water. When seen from above, runners on the ice look as if he werejogging through space. The landscape might to be beautiful but it is a severe test. Runners say the cold climate is that draws them.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Thana was a postman. His service range covered Vinayak Mudali street and its four nearby roads. It took him nearly six hours to cover the area. That was because he tried to be friendly with peopleforwhom he brought letters. He used to take personal interest in their lives and problems. He would comfort one, offer help to another and give hope to the third. On hot days, he would enjoy buttermilk at someone’s house. He had thus become a part of their life. Everybody liked him.
Thana was most friendly with Raman, a senior clerk in the bank office. Raman had a 23-year- old daughter named Kama, who was a tall, beautiful young lady. These days, Raman was worrying about her marriage and told Thana that his father, whose health was failing, was anxious to see his granddaughter get married soon. The old man, living in another city, had set apart five thousand rupees for her marriage. The old man blamed that Raman was not making enough efforts for his daughter's marriage. Thana comforted Raman and offered to contact the parents of a young man who lived in Delhi. They quickly arranged a blind date for Kama and the young man, who fell in love at the first sight.
Everything went smoothly. At last their wedding day came on May 20th. The wedding party was full of sweet smell of flowers and wines. Everyone in the neighbourhood came. Raman, in high spirits, talked with guests and laughed all the time. The pity was that grandpa didn't show up because of his worsening health. Thana went to the wedding and brought Raman several letters of congratulation. Thana congratulated the young couple, calling them a perfect match. The young couple smiled happily and thanked him for his help and warm-heartedness.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Para 1:
The following day, Thana brought a telegram far Raman that informed him of his beloved father's death.
Para 2:
When Raman took a second look at the telegram, he started shouting at Thana, “Why? Look at the date, May 20th. It was a delay.”
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
16. F 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. E
21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32.
C 33. C 34. B 35.
D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D
41. hono(u)r
42. medals 43. abroad
44. preparing
45. apart 46. injured
47. but 48. before
49. worked 50. champions
51.(1). ... has paid much attention …这句中的has 后加been.
(2). a extreme sport 中的a 改为an.
(3). signed up for…中的signed 改为sign.
(4). extraordinarily 改为extraordinary.
(5). And on March,…中的on 改为in.
(6). Runners cross t…, …western sides of the lake...中的sides 改为side.
(7). Knowing as the...中的Knowing 改为Known.
(8). ... he were jogging 中的he 改为they.
(9). …might to…去掉to.
(10). ... that draws them 中的that 改为what.
52.略。