2019-2020学年长沙青竹湖湘一外国语学校高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年长沙青竹湖湘一外国语学校高三英语上学期期末试卷
及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Juanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.
The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.
Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.
Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.
But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”
Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.
1.Which of the following is true?
A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.
B.He doesn’t drink wine now.
C.He cannot speak a foreign language.
D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.
2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .
A.disappointment
B.disadvantage
C.failure
D.loss
3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.
A.not a tiring journey at all
B.just an interesting voyage
C.far from a voyage for pleasure
D.more than a pleasant travel by sea
B
For years, Zach Ault, a father of three, enjoyed being physically active. He was even training for a half-marathon. But in 2017, he took time off to recover from an infection. After recovering, he tried to continue his runs but could not complete them. He was not able to spend time with his children. He had to cut back his job. Even sleeping as much as 16 hours a day made no difference in his condition.
“His body had literally hijacked him and it wasn't going to allow him to push through, ” said Anne Ault, his wife. After months of testing, doctors announced their result-chronic fatigue syndrome, a disease that makes an individual feel extremely tired.
This fatigue lasts more than six months and becomes worse after any kind of physical exertion (费力活动). Patients may have difficulty standing upright. They also may have trouble thinking, often described as a “brain fog”. There are no approvedtreatments, or even tests to help with diagnosis. There is no way to predict who will recover and who will have a severe case that lasts for years.
Now the doctors at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are conducting a unique study to learn more about the condition. Zach Ault is one of the subjects in the study. When Ault rides an exercise bicycle, scientists measure how his leg muscles use oxygen. Afterward, doctors fit a special cap on Ault's head to measure electrical activity in his brain. They then send him to spend the night in an air-tight room where air has been removed with pipe for additional study. Scientists measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels to tell how much energy Ault is using, minute by minute. “We're figuring out how his body adjusts to an exercise load, or a stress load.”
“It's hard not knowing if or when I'm going to recover, ” he said. But Ault says the study did help him learn about the disease. And it gave him ideas about how to save up his energy.
4. What was Zach Ault's life like before 2017?
A. He was fond of exercising.
B. He won several half-marathons.
C. He spent much time lying in bed.
D. He was busy looking after his children.
5. How did the infection affect Zach Ault?
A. He lost his job.
B. He was unable to sleep.
C. He became too weak to do sports.
D. He was tired of running a half-marathon.
6. What can we learn about chronic fatigue syndrome?
A. It usually lasts no more than months.
B. It is likely to cause thinking disorders.
C. Patients with it need to stay in bed all day long.
D. Patients with it should avoid any kind of exercise.
7. What does Zach Ault think of the study?
A. It helped him cure his illness.
B. It helped him recover and stay fit.
C. It taught him how to enjoy cycling.
D. It brought him new ideas about fighting diseases.
C
As an old saying inChinagoes, “The days of the Sanjiu periodare the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period” , which is in Minor Cold, refers to the third nine-day period (the l9th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice(冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold inChina.
Eating hotpot
DuringMinor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauce. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.
Eating huangyacai
InTianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.
Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)
According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausages and peanuts and mix them into the rice.
Eating vegetable rice
In ancient times, people inNanjingtook Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is unspeakably delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausages and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.
8. What do we know about Minor Cold?
A. It refers to the Winter Solstice.
B. The Sanjiu period is in this period.
C. It lasts twenty-seven days.
D. It marks the first day of winter.
9. What is a special custom in Tianjin in Minor Cold？
A. Eating hotpot.
B. Having vitamin A and B pills.
C. Having huangyacai.
D. Buying cabbage.
10. How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?
A. They fry and toast it.
B. They eatit for dinner.
C. They mix it with many other things.
D. They steam it with soy sauce.
11. This text may be taken from the ________ column (栏目) of a newspaper.
A. travel
B. culture
C. fashion
D. science
D
Scientists have recently discovered thatAndean condors (秀鹫)— some of the world’s largest birds——barely flap their wings at all while flying. Instead, they use rising air currents to remain in the air for hours.
The Andean condor is the world’s largest soaring bird. They can weigh up to 15 kilograms. Their wings, when spread out, measure up to three meters. Their main food source is the meat of large animals which have died. Soaring high in the sky allows condors to easily spot possible meals on the ground.
Scientists worked together to study the flight patterns of these huge birds and how much effort the birds use when flying. To study the birds while they were in the sky, the researchers attached special devices which could record every beat of their wings.
The scientists learned that most of the condors’ flapping— over 75%— came when the birds were taking off. Once in the sky, the birds flew for very long periods of time without flapping at all. In fact, they only flapped their wings for 1% of the time they were in the air. One bird flew for over five hours without flapping, covering nearly 117miles.
Soaring without flapping is important because birds bum energy every time they flap their wings.
The birds’ soaring isn’t magic. They use the fact that hot air rises to keep themselves up. As hot air rises, it often creates “thermals”— currents of warm air moving upward. The condors soar by making use of these
thermals. The tricky part is finding thermals and moving between them.
When birds are forced to land and take off again often, it costs them a lot of energy. The researchers learned that to avoid having to land, the condors did most of their non-take-off flapping when they were closer to the ground and looking for a new thermal.
The scientists reported that even though all of the condors they studied were young, they knew well how to take advantage of the air currents.
12. What can we learn about the Andean condor from the text?
A. They live mairly on small animals.
B. Their wingspan is at least three meters.
C. They rely on hot air to remain high in the sky.
D. They are the birds with the strongest flying ability.
13. Why was the equipment tied to the birds?
A. To measure how far they could fly without flapping.
B. To keep track of how often they flapped while flying.
C. To calculate the energy required for their flight.
D. To confirm their flight patterns.
14. Which of the following acts consumes the most energy for a condor?
A. Hunting for food.
B. Flying in the sky.
C. Getting off the ground.
D. Landing on the ground.
15. What can we infer from the text?
A. Condors flap the most when looking for a new thermal.
B. No condor can fly for more than five hours without flapping.
C. Condors don’t need to look for thermals when soaring in the sky.
D. Soaring by using thermals is probably a natural ability of condors.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The global medical community has debated the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for decades. In the midst of the still-unfolding novel corona-virus pandemic,___16___.
Michael Lai, general manager of AstraZeneca-a British-Swedish pharmaceutical giant China, said at a recent forum on Chinese medicine internationalization that Western medicine is based on the science of
pharmacology(药理学) and toxicology(毒理学) while___17___. Chinese herbal medicines have complex chemical makeups, and thus require a lot of effort to understand which component is effective, and how components interact with each other to contribute to easing certain symptoms.
“To enhance the global presence of Chinese medicine, the most important factors are strong science, consensus, quality, and investment in relevant clinical studies,” Lai told CGTN.
Understanding the benefits of Chinese medicine and expanding its use in conjunction with Western remedies are key to increasing global acceptance for herbal drugs. “With the whole COVID-19 epidemic,___18___. But building science behind drug products is very important, and we are generating more data for efficacy,” Lai added.
The corona-virus disease has stoked Western countries’ interest in TCM, but it remains hard for TCM to gain traction worldwide. “I’m not that optimistic about widespread recognition of Chinese medicine. But at least, people have come to know that Chinese medicine can treat acute viral infections through the pandemic,” said Zhang Boli, an academician at the ChineseAcademyofEngineering.China’s come along way in regulating TCM plantation and marketing, and now relevant products have reached a qualification rate of over 80 percent. But___19___.
Lai believes that the role of Chinese medicine will increase. “Chinese medicine has its uniqueness and advantages, especially in preventing and treating chronic diseases. It has a strong fit when we look at the macro trend of an aging population. The internationalization of TCM will happen;___20___.”
A. it is just a matter of when
B. more needs to be done
C. none of these ambulances were ever used
D. TCM has once again become the bone of contention(争论的焦点)
E. TCMis based more on experience through a history of thousands of years.
F. there’s a very good combination of Chinese and Western medicines being used
G. TCM treatment was widely used on patients showing mild or moderate symptoms
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Thomas Panek made history this week when he became the first blind person to complete the New York City Half Marathon with guide dogs and no human assistance.
With about two thousand people around___21___the game, a group of blind people____22____their New York City Marathon at 9:00 this Wednesday.___23___it was still a little cold as it was raining___24___,the people
without their sight ran fast with the help of their____25____. Falling down sometimes, they____26____up and went on running, which was attractive,___27___and encouraging.
Of course, some few dogs didn't____28____their hosts in the right way. As a result, those___29___didn’t finish their task, but they were really____30____. In the end, only about twenty blind people____31____their destination. Among them, Panek did the_____32_____, who got the first place in the game.
With the____33____of his three dogs named Waffle, Westley and Gus, which_____34_____leading him throughout the 13.1-mile race, Panek____35____the finishing line in just over 2 hours 20 minutes.
The game_____36_____at about 12:00, and many people were so_____37_____by the sport spirit of the blind people that they were not_____38_____to leave the spot. When asked about his feeling of the game, “no matter what_____39_____is, " said Panek, 48, who is CEO of Guiding Eyes for the Blind, "don't let_____40_____tell you that you can't."
21. A. supporting B. watching C. joining D. playing
22. A. started B. held C. caught D. registered
23. A. If B. Since C. Because D. Though
24. A. rarely B. sometimes C. slightly D. usually
25. A. assistants B. sticks C. dogs D. drivers
26. A. added B. looked C. climbed D. rose
27. A. striking B. tiring C. satisfying D. disappointed
28. A. carry B. lead C. require D. bear
29. A. persons B. viewers C. animals D. workers
30. A. sad B. worried C. great D. proud
31. A. sought B. reached C. found D. recognized
32. A. most B. least C. worst D. best
33. A. instruction B. exception C. help D. control
34. A. took turns B. went on C. gave up D. had trouble
35. A. left B. broke C. set D. crossed
36. A. lost B. ended C. continued D. began
37. A. confused B. bored C. pushed D. moved
38. A. sad B. willing C. happy D. satisfied
39. A. job B. position C. challenge D. aim
40. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. none
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The Chang'e 5 lunar probe (探测器) launched at 4:30 am on Nov 24, which plans to return with samples of the moon. The entire mission will last about 23 days. If this mission is___41.___(success), Chang'e 5 will be the first lunar sample-return spacecraft since 1976. As one of the most complex and difficult___42.___(mission), the Chang'e 5 mission aims to bring back a___43.___(large) sample than previous crafts and explore a new area of the moon.
“The three unmanned lunar probes of the former Soviet -Union Lunar 16, Lunar 20 and Lunar 24—___44.___(carry) out three lunar samplings and return missions, and the lunar soil samples brought back were only about 330 grams,___45.___Chang'e 5 plans to bring back 2 kilograms of lunar samples," Pang Zhihao, a space activity researcher and author in Beijing said. The great increase___46.___sample weight can be attributed to Chang'e 5's lunar orbit (轨道) unmanned docking (对接) program. With the program, the ascender doesn't need a return cabin anymore. It only requires a small amount of fuel, so even a___47.___( ) heavier sampling will not affect the normal return of the spacecraft.
The highlight of the journey is Chang'e 5's lunar landing site — the northwest region of Oceanus Procellarum, also known as the Ocean of Storms - on the near side of the moon, where no probes have visited before. Chinese scientists and___48.___from other countries all have a chance___49.___(get) the lunar samples to be brought back by Chang'e 5 for research.
____50.____(base) on the idea of a community with a shared future for mankind,Chinahas signed cooperation framework agreements with the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs,Russia's state space corporation Roscosmos and the European Space Agency.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

That we all know, it’s of greatly importance to get into a good living habit. Here is some suggestions for good living habits .
Firstly, get enough sleep. Enough sleep can provide us good energy. It’s important for us to go to the bed early and get up early. Secondly, keep healthy eating habits. Good eating habits can help us balances nutrition. So we should eat more vegetables and little meat. Thirdly, do exercise more. Do sports every day can keep us active all day long, help us build up your body and reduce diseases.
Please pay attention to these points but keep a healthy body.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
假设你是学生李华，你校正在为下学期开设的选修课程征求学生意见.请你向学课程部老师写一封email，提出你的课程建议。

你的email中必须包括：
1.课程名称
2.课程的主要内容
3.设置该课程的理由
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B
12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B
16. D 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. A
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32.
D 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
41. successful
42. missions
43. larger 44. carried
45. while 46. in
47. ly
48. those 49. to get 50. Based
51.(1).that→as
(2).greatly→great
(3).is→are
(4).us后添加with
(5).去掉bed前的the
(6).balances→balance
(7).little→less
(8).Do→Doing
(9).your→our
(10).but→and
52.略。