英语语音基础课程(二)
《现代大学英语 语音教程(第二版)》
现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）引言《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本专门针对大学生的英语语音学习教材。
该教材从英语语音的基本知识开始，逐步引导学生掌握英语语音的发音规律，提高英语口语表达能力。
本文档将对该教程进行详细介绍。
内容概述《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》主要分为以下几个部分：1.音素介绍：介绍英语中的音素及其分类，帮助学生认识和理解英语的语音系统。
2.音节和音变规则：讲解英语中音节的组成和音变规则，帮助学生正确拼读单词，并掌握正确的发音方式。
3.重读和音调：介绍英语中的重读和音调规律，帮助学生掌握英语句子的重读和语调变化。
4.连读和语音规则：讲解英语中的连读和语音规则，帮助学生在口语表达中流畅地连接词汇和句子。
5.声调和语流：介绍英语中的声调和语流规律，帮助学生提高口语的自然度和流利度。
6.习题和练习：提供丰富的习题和练习，帮助学生巩固所学的语音知识和技巧。
教材特点1.系统性：该教材按照语音学的知识点进行组织，层层递进，帮助学生循序渐进地学习语音知识。
2.实用性：教材中的例子多样且贴近生活，帮助学生将语音知识应用于实际交流中。
3.练习丰富：教材提供了大量的习题和练习，帮助学生巩固所学的语音知识和技巧。
4.听力训练：教材中配有丰富的听力材料，帮助学生培养对英语语音的听辨和理解能力。
学习建议学生在使用《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》时，可以参考以下学习建议：1.充分利用教材中的例子和练习，积极参与口语练习，提高口语表达能力。
2.多听多读多练习，通过大量的反复训练，掌握正确的发音方式。
3.注意语音和语调的变化，模仿标准的英语口音，提高听力和口语的整体水平。
4.注意语音和语调的变化，模仿标准的英语口音，提高听力和口语的整体水平。
5.结合其他学习方法，如听歌学习、跟读练习等，提高英语语音的自然度和流利度。
结论《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本全面而系统的英语语音学习教材，适合大学生学习英语语音。
《英语语音》课程标准-教学大纲-对应刘森教材-上海外语教育出版社
英语语音课程标准课程名称：英语语音总学时数：40 （实践课学时数：20 ）学分数：2 适用专业：英语专业一、概述（一）课程性质性质：随着我国国际交往的日益深入，我们越来越意识到语音教学是语言教学的一项重要内容。
规范而自然的语音、语调不仅为有效的口语交际打下了良好基础，更会给人留下良好印象、交流无障碍成为每一个英语学习者孜孜以求的目标。
本课程将语音的训练与学生英语听力和口语表达的训练结合起来。
让学生更好地进行语言交际:能自如地对所听到的英语语篇进行解码，没有障碍，轻松自如；能流畅地表达所要表达的思想，流利顺畅，要点突出，使人听起来清晰明了，从而帮助学生在英语听说能力的发展方面打下坚实的基础，通过语音学习学会进行更为有效地使用英语进行交际。
（二）课程定位本课程是英语专业低年级的必修课程，属于专业技能课模块，是基础课中的基础。
它的基本要求是使学生能够熟练掌握英语语音的基本理论，并在实际会话中形成流畅的语气、语调，它要求学生认真完成老师布置的作业，养成良好的学习习惯，提高自主学习能力，培养合作及探究性学习能力。
该课程教学要与其他各门课程教学密切协作，学好语音需要其它课程的推动，而其他课程也需要语音的促进，语音与其他课程相互作用，共同发展。
（三）课程设计思路本课程采取的是“讲座-语音实验室实践-口语练习-课堂总结”相结合的上课模式，这种模式强调把机械的语音操练变成具有交际意义的听辨和交互式的练习，从而帮助学生通过语音学习学会进行更为有效的交际。
课程的教学强调其实践性：一是课堂内的实践-语言实验室的实践、网上练习的实践，注重引导学生将所学的理论用于完成某项交际任务的实践；二是通过开展"语音语调大赛"-"语音语调模仿"、"演讲"、"电影配音"等旨在通过比赛改善学生的英语发音，提高学生英语的口头表达能力,为学生们提供一个学以致用的机会,一个展现个人才能的舞台,在学生中营造一个多听,多说,多练英语的活泼的学习气氛,更好地满足不同层次学生的需要，同时通过实践培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力，从而使课程达到最佳的教学效果。
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料1I. Fill in the blanks.1.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group .2.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The present president ofthe committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.3.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamental characteristicsof spoken English，and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.4.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit is called .5.Rhythm in English speech is based on .6.According to the manner of articulation，the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are_______consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants.7.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes.The__________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation，contrast，reservation or doubt.8.According to the place of articulation，the sound[ θ ]and [ ð ] are.9.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up to the .10.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.11.In spoken English，the phenomenon of joining words together is called .12.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the ____function of intonation.13.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________，which is themost common of all sounds in English.14.[ tʃ] and [ dʒ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______ .15.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel，we should add the [ r ]sound as in “her︶own”，and this sound is called .16.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow at some point inthe mouth and then，for most productions，releasing it into the sound that follows.17.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the more predictable a word’soccurrence is in a given context，the its information content is.Ⅱ. Multiple Choice1.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。
初中英语语音的知识点(2)
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：下列各组字母全部是元音字母的是a,i,u,e。根据字母的发音可知a [ei]，e [i:]，i [ai]，o [əu]，u [ju:]，故选B。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：沿着这条街走向左拐，你将在你的前面看到一个图书馆。
A．Have youever worked with either of them?B．He didn’teven look at it.
C．We saved him from theenemy.D．Can you tell me who invented the telephone?
18．Which of the following pronunciation(发音) is different?
A．idleB．ideaC．idiomD．identify
16．I will__________/ə'tend/a concert tomorrow.
A．aloudB．attendC．aheadD．afford
17．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation with others?
8．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查单词读音，A. mother[ˈmʌðə]；B.their [ðɛː]；C.thing [θɪŋ]；D.these [ðiːz]，对比可知，故选C。
9．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查字母的读音。Ff的发音是[ef], Ll的发音是[el]，Hh的发音是[eɪtʃ]；Gg的发音是[dʒi:]，Tt的发音是[ti:]，Zz的发音是[zi:]；Bb的发音是[bi:]，Dd的发音是[di:], Jj的发音是[dʒeɪ]；Aa的发音是[eɪ]，Kk的发音是[keɪ]，Xx的发音是[eks]。所以B选项中的字母有相同的因素[i:]，故选B。
《英语实用语音(二)》复习资料
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料1I. Fill in the blanks.1.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group .2.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The presentpresident of the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.3.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamentalcharacteristics of spoken English，and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.4.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .5.Rhythm in English speech is based on .6.According to the manner of articulation，the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are_______consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants.7.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes.The__________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation，contrast，reservation or doubt.8.According to the place of articulation，the sound[ θ ]and [ ð ] are.9.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .10.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.11.In spoken English，the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .12.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the____ function of intonation.13.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound________，which is the most common of all sounds in English.14.[ tʃ ] and [ dʒ ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______ .15.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel，we shouldadd the [ r ] sound as in “her︶own”，and this sound is called .16.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow atsome point in the mouth and then，for most productions，releasing it into the sound that follows.17.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredictable a word’s occurrence is in a given context，the its information content is.Ⅱ. True or False1.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.2.To make natural linking，it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.3.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence，the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.4.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.5.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence，when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses，English speakers may reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.6.For contrastive purposes，any word may bear the tonic syllable7.Intonation makes speech meaningful.8.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The falling intonation issaid to be more often associated with completeness and definiteness.9.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.10.All of the prefix can’t be stressed，such as submit and telegram.11.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.12.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.13.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.14.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.15.When English speakers speak，they make some parts of words stronger and成考复习资料clearer than other parts.16.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings：happiness，sadness，anger and so on.17.Speech sound is the smallest phonetic unit of language，it is distinctive.18.The first part of a diphthong is much longer and stronger than the second part.19.A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.20.In speech，people often use the rising tone to indicate new information and thefalling tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”，English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary，as in:A./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.B./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.2.The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two differenttones，as showed in the following:A.They’re going to 'have a pinic.B.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?(1)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(2)If not，explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.3.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge theirP(pre-head)，H(head) ，N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )4.List the four functions of English intonation.答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. sense or word2. [ˈprezənt], [ prɪˈzent]3. unstressed4.nucleus5. stress6. plosive, nasal7. falling-rising8. inter-dental 9. first stressed, nucleus 10. full11. linking/liaison 12. grammatical 13.[ə] 14. voicing15. linking-r 16. stop 17. lowerⅡ. True or False1-5 FTTFT 6-10 TTTFF 11-15 TTTFT 16-20 TFTTFⅢ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:C./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.D./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.2. The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two differnt tones, as showed in the following:C.They’re going to 'have a pinic.D.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?(3)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(4)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.（1）These two utterances have two different meanings.（2）Utterance A has a falling tone and is usually said as a statement and the speaker is quite certain at the information.（3）Utterance B has a rising tone and serves as a question here. it shows that the speaker has a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.3. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their成考复习资料P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )4. List the four functions of English intonation.(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerablelinguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, butthis can be removed by the use of intonation.(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation tofocus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important.The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料2Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.In spoken English, the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .2.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is thefunction of intonation.3.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________,which is the most common of all sounds in English.4.[ tʃ ] and [ dʒ ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of_______5.When we link the final vowels [ ə: ] and [ ə ] to a following vowel, we should addown”, and this sound is called .the [ r ] sound as in “her︶6.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow atsome point in the mouth and then, for most productions, releasing it into the sound that follows.7.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredictable a word’s occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.8.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group.9.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The presentpresident of the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.10.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamentalcharacteristics of spoken English, and the one that msot distinguishes English from Chinese.11.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .12.Rhythm in English speech is based on .13.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are____________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are _____________consonants.14.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The成考复习资料___________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation, contrast, reservation or doubt.15.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] a nd [ ð ] are .16.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .17.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.Ⅱ. True or False1.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.2.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.3.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.4.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.5.When English speakers speak, they make almost all parts of words with equalstrength and length.6.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness,sadness, anger and so on.7.As the smallest phonetic unit of language, speech sound is distinctive.8.The first part of a diphthong is much shorter and weaker than the second part.9. A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.10.In speech, people often use the falling tone to indicate new information and therising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.11.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit. 12.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.13.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.14.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.15.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses, we cannot reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.16.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Forcontrastive purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable17.Intonation makes speech meaningful.18.According to the work of vocal cords, [dӡ] is a voiced sound.19.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.20.All of the prefix can’t be stressed, such as submit and telegram.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1.List the four functions of English intonation.2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone,which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?(5)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?(6)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:E./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.F./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.4. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )成考复习资料答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. linking或者liaison2. grammatical3.[ə]4. voicing5. linking-r6. stop7. lower8. sense or word9. [ˈprezənt], [ prɪˈzent] 10. unstressed 11. nucleus12. stress 13. plosive, nasal 14. falling-rising15. inter-dental 16. first stressed, nucleus 17. FullⅡ. True or False1-5 TTTFF 6-10 TFFTT 11-15 FTTFF 16-20 TTTFFⅢ Answer the following questions.1. List the four functions of English intonation.（1）The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.（2）The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable. （3）The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, but this can be removed by the use of intonation.（4）The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation to focus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important. The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone,which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?（1）Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?（2）If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.These two utterances have two different meanings.（3）Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.（4）Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakersmay have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:G./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.H./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.4.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge theirP(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I bank.( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )成考复习资料《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料3I. Fill in the blanks.1.When we link the final vowels [ə:] and [ə] to a following vowel, we should addthe [ r ] sound as in “the ideaof”, and this sound is called .︶2.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a _______ group .3.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “All thereporters are waiting there and are eager to record Tom’s record breaking moment in this marathon. ” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.4.The frequent occurrence of the _______ syllable is one of thefundamental characteristics of spoken English, and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.5.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit iscalled .6.Rhythm in English speech is based on .7.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ]are___________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants..8.The intonation is said to be more often associated with incompleteness anduncertainty and questioning.9.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] and [ ð ] are.10.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up tothe .11.Unstressed syllables in English are short and often have a vowel sound.12.In spoken English, the phenomenon of joining words together iscalled .13.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is thefunction of intonation.14.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________,which is the most common of all sounds in English.15.[ w ], [ r ] and [ j ] are called because it is an articulation in whichthe articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each otherto produce a “complete” consonant such as a stop, nasal or fricative.16.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the morepredict able a word’s occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.17.[ tʃ] and [ dʒ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in termsof .II. True or False1.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. Themost common position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.2.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath andkeep our voice going from one word to the next.3.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow eachother at roughly equal intervals of time.4.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.5.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function wordsbetween the strong stresses, English speakers may reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.6.For contrastive purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable7.Intonation makes speech meaningful.8.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The falling intonation issaid to be more often associated with completeness and definiteness.9.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed andunstressed syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.10.All of the prefix can’t be stressed, such as submit and telegram.11.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.12.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weakerstress is typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.13.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.14.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearlyone syllable after another.成考复习资料15.When English speakers speak, they make some parts of words stronger andclearer than other parts.16.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness,sadness, anger and so on.17.Speech sound is the smallest phonetic unit of language, it is distinctive.18.The first part of a diphthong is much longer and stronger than the second part.19.A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.20.In speech, people often use the rising tone to indicate new information and thefalling t one to indicate “shared” or “given” information.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:/ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences.A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(Pre-head), H(Head) , N(Nucleus) and T(Tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( ) ( ) ( )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( ) ( ) ( ) ( )6. List the four functions of English intonation.答案Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1. intrusive-r2. sense or word3. [riˈkɔ:d], [ ˈrekəd]4.unstressed5. nucleus6. stress7. plosive, nasal8. rising9. inter-dental 10. first stressed, nucleus 11. reduced 12. linking/liaison 13. grammatical 14.[ə] 15.approximants 16. lower 17. voicingⅡ. True or False1-5 FTTFT 6-10 TTTFF 11-15 TTTFT 16-20 TFTTFⅢ. Answer the following questions.1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:/ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences. (8%)A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.These two utterances have two different meanings.Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their成考复习资料P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.(1) I 'used to 'work at a( P ) ( H ) (N )(2) Do you 'speak French and English?( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )5.List the four functions of English intonation.(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerablelinguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, butthis can be removed by the use of intonation.(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation tofocus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important.The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.。
初中英语语音的解析含答案(2)
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：中国是一个古老的国家，全世界的人都来学习中国文化。
考查冠词词义辨析。a一个，不定冠词，放在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an一个，不定冠词，放在元音音素开头的单词前面；the定冠词，表示特指，世界上独一无二的东西。中国是古文化国家之一，选择不定冠词。Ancient单词中第一个字母a发元音/eɪ/。故选B。
考查冠词和字母发音。字母s的发音是[es]，以元音发音开头，所以用an；字母u的发音是[ju:]，辅音发音开头，所以用a，故选B。
【点睛】
使用不定冠词a或者an来表示“一个”时，如果字母或者单词以元音发音开头，而不是根据元音字母开头，则用an。比如本题，虽然s是元音字母，但是发音为[es]，以元音发音开头，所以用an；字母u虽然是元音字母，但是发音是[ju:]，辅音发音开头，所以用a。
23．Which of the underlined vowel(s) has a different sound?
A．theseB．e-dogC．freeD．enjoy
24．I have a pet/ kæt / , it’s very smart .
A．catB．cutC．coatD．cute
25．从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出所含元音音素不同的一个。
A．SubjectB．ProductC．Request
18．Which has the different sound of the letter group ‘igh’ from the other words?
A．highB．nightC．weightD．right
19．Health is more important than__________/welθ/.
Period 1-2 《英语语音》教案
2.爆破音/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
3.中元音和后元音/ə://ə/ /u:/ /u/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /ʌ/ /a:/
4.摩擦音/v/ /s/ /z/ /∫/ /ʒ/ /θ/ /ð/ /h/ /r/
5.破擦音/ts/ /dz/ /tf/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/
作业
布置
熟读48个音素。
后记
学生们上课能认真听讲，基本了解了48个音素的发音。课堂上，大部分学生能积极参，主动熟读48个音素，但这几组音素她们容易读错：
/s/---/θ/ /z/---/ð/ /∫/---/tf/
/ʒ/---/dʒ/ /ts/---/dz/ /tr/---/dr/
/al/---/ei/ /ɔi/---/iə/ /au/---/əu/
学院教案首页
日期
2018．9.10
周/次
1
班级
应用英语3181、3182、3183
课题
时数
2
重点
介绍48个音素的发音技巧。
难点
介绍读音规则、语句的读法和语调等理论知识。
教学
要求
要求学生课间预习熟读48个音素，了解它们之间的区别。
教法
设计
任务型教学法、合作型教学法、讨论法。
教具
运用
多媒体、图片、卡片、MP3听力文件
6.双元音/al/ /ei/ /ɔi/ /au/ /əu/ /iə/ /εə/ /uə/
7.鼻辅音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/
8.舌边音和半元音/l/ /w/ /j/
第三大部分主要介绍读音规则、语句的读法和语调等理论知识，按照粮音连级、读音规则连读与同化、句子重音与节奏的顺序编排，并随课附带大量操作练习。总体按照以顺序：
教学大纲-语音基础
英语语音基础教学大纲（第二次修订）一、课程基本信息课程名称：英语语音基础课程代码：学分：总学时：课程类别：学科通修课先修课程：面向专业：英语专业二、课程描述内容要求包括如下三方面：1.课程的地位：本课程是英语专业的专业选修课程，是提高学生英语听力和口头表达能力的关键。
该课程的任务是对学生进行系统的英语语音训练，帮助学生掌握正确英语发音、意群、重音、话语节奏，学会使用正确、得体的语音语调表达思想，以达到有效交际的目的；2.教学目标：学生通过本课程的学习，能把语音学习提高到一个新的高度。
为其他相关学科的学习奠定坚实的基础。
3.基本要求：（一）知识目标1、了解英语语音的基本理论和基本朗读技巧。
2、学习英语元音、辅音音素的读音和常见字母组合的发音。
3、学习单词重音、句子重音、强读式和弱读式、不完全爆破、连读、节奏、停顿、基本语调的使用。
4、理解和领悟人们在表达对客观事物的陈述、疑问、请求、命令和问候等方面使用的语调的基本意义和用法。
（二）能力目标1、能够正确拼读元音、辅音音素，具备基本的读音、辨音能力。
2、具有根据重音、语调的变化，理解表达隐含的意图和态度。
3、具有辨别英式英语和美式英语的能力。
4、形成对语言的感受力，做到正确的停顿、连读，语音语调自然、得体，语流流畅。
（三）思想教育目标1、具有实事求是的学风和自主、合作、探究和创新精神。
2、具有较强的职业道德观念。
3、形成正确的语言观和跨文化意识。
4、初步具备辩证思维和逻辑思维能力。
三、教材及参考资料目录（一）指定教材：杨立民《英语语音基础》，2005年7月，外语教学与研究出版社（二）参考资料目录：汪文珍，《英语语音》，2008年3月，上海外语教育出版社孟宪忠，《英语语音学》，1999年3月，华东师范大学出版社曲明文，《英语语音进阶》，1999年9月，上海交通大学出版社徐天福、虞小梅、孙万彪，《现代英语语音学》，陕西人民出版社四、课时分配表五、教学内容目录Unit 1 Basic concepts: Syllables, Stress & RhythmUnit 2 Consonants: StopsUnit 3 Consonants: Fricatives & AffricatesUnit 4 Consonants: Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s) Unit 5 V owels: Front V owels & Central V owelsUnit 6 V owels: Back V owelsUnit 7 V owels: DiphthongsUnit 8 Stressed syllables and unstressed syllablesUnit 9 Stressed words and unstressed words in a sentence Unit 10 Strong forms and weak formsUnit 11 LinkingUnit 12 Rhythm of English speechUnit 13 Types of intonation in EnglishUnit 14 Intonation unit of EnglishUnit 15 Functions and uses of English intonationUnit 1 Basic concepts: Syllables, Stress &Rhythm 【教学目的与要求】：了解英语音节、重音和节奏特征及其在英语语音学习中的重要作用。
英语语音之第二层：音标组词
英语语音之第二层：音标组词一、音节划分一个元音与一个或多个辅音结合在一起称为一个音节，一个单词就是由一个或多个音节构成的。
1、开音节(开音节单个元音字母发小口音：[e] [i] [aɪ] [O] [ju] [a ɪ])①、以发音的元音字母结尾的音节。
例：be，he。
②、以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节(半开音节)。
例：make，like。
* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音(小口音)。
2、闭音节(闭音节单个元音字母发大口音: [æ] [ɛ] [ɪ][ɔ] [ʌ] [ɪ])元音字母后面以一个或几个辅音字母（r w y除外）结尾构成的音节，称为闭音节。
例：map，desk，is。
* 在重读的闭音节(后仅一辅音字母)中元音字母读做短元音(大口音: [æ][ɛ][ɪ][ɔ][ʌ][ɪ]).3、音节划分口诀①、先找元音去尾e，一个元音一音节。
元音相连听音定，加上头尾是整体。
②、元音＋一个或多个辅音字母＋元音：一靠后，二分手；多个中间偏左右；组合字母算一个；常见组合要遵守(如cl,pl,fr,gr,pr,scr,sk,sp,st等；发音独立的词头词尾：re-,de-,com-,con-等；需要发音合并的词头词尾：-able,-al,-ate等)；词尾看e加音节；发音不发分两种；*双字相连不连手；听音验证最后头；解释意外不发愁。
* A.、单词尾加er、est、ing等第一个元音字母肯定发音的词尾时,通常增加一个音节,并且把单词尾的辅音字母“抢”过来当音节头。
B.、单词尾加s、es、d、ed这四个词尾时，要看e增加音节。
若e需要发音间隔则增加一个音节；若e不需要发音间隔则不增加音节。
C、s,x,z,ch,sh连es时，因为e两边的字母发音相同或太相近，需要e发[i]来间隔，并增加音节；D、t,d连ed时，也因为e两边的字母发音相同或太相近，需要e 发[i]来间隔，并增加音节。
英语语音语调知识(2)
a 'name and 'hung 'up the re 'ceiver.
四、句子重音 （Sentence Stress)
当一个名词、形容词或副词修饰另一个词时， 两个词都重读。如：
次重音和主重音： revo'lution qualifi'cation exami'nation
三、单词重音 （word stress)
英语单词重读的音节就是单词重音。双音节词
或多音节词可以有一个或一个以上的重读音节， 其重读音节因词而异，很不规则。
下面例词中，拼法完全相同的两个单词，却因 单词重音的变化而使其意义完全不同：
四、句子重音 （Sentence Stress)
I have 'never been to the 'Great 'Wall, but I 'will go there 'someday.
此句中助动词“will”一般不重读，但是为了标 示说话人的愿望和决心，“will”在此句中也接受 句子重音。
人称代词、连词、介词和助动词等一般不重 读，但在特定情景中可以有句子重音，不仅重读， 而且还是语调核心，即接受语调的重读音节。
音节的构成：一个元音构成一个音节，一个 元音加上一个或一个以上的辅音，也构成一个音 节。
二、音节、中重读音节、非重读音节
Syllables, Stressed Syllables and Unstressed Syllables
英语语言学笔记（2）
⼆、⾳系学 语⾔的声⾳媒介 什么是语⾳学 发⾳器官 ⾳标……宽式和严式标⾳法 英语语⾳的分类 ⾳系学和语⾳学 语⾳、⾳位、⾳位变体 ⾳位对⽴、互补分部、最⼩对⽴ ⼏条⾳系规则 超切分特征 Two major media of communication: speech and writing The limited range of sounds which are meaningful in human communication and are of interest to linguistic studies are the phonic medium of language. ⽤于⼈类语⾔交际的声⾳称为语⾳，这些数⽬有限的⼀组语⾳构成了语⾔的声⾳媒介。
Phonetics语⾳学: is defined as the study of the phonic medium of language; it is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the world's language. Three branches of phonetics : articulatory phonetics 发⾳语⾳学（most highly developed）, auditory phonetics 听觉语⾳学and acoustic phonetics 声学语⾳学 Organs of speech 发⾳器官 The articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important areas or cavities: The pharyngeal cavity咽腔——the throat The oral cavity⼝腔——the mouth The nasal cavity ⿐腔——the nose Vibration of the vocal cords （声带） results in a quality of speech sounds called "voicing" 浊⾳，which is a feature of all vowels 元⾳ and some consonants 辅⾳。
《现代大学英语 语音教程(第二版)》 (2)
现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）引言《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本为大学生设计的英语语音教材。
本教材综合了语音学的理论和实践，通过系统的课程和练习，旨在帮助学生提高英语语音技能和流利程度。
课程概述本教材包含10个主题单元，涵盖了英语发音的基础知识和技能。
每个单元都包括教学目标、教学内容、教学方法和练习题。
学生将通过理论学习、实践训练以及课堂互动来提升他们的语音技巧。
教学目标•通过本教材学习，学生将掌握英语语音的基本知识和技能。
•学生将能够正确地发音并准确表达英语单词和句子。
•学生将提高他们的语音认知和听力理解能力。
教学内容1.英语语音的基本概念和分类2.元音和辅音的发音规则和特点3.连读、重音和节奏的应用4.语音变化和语调的表达5.口语练习和模仿教学方法•讲授理论知识：教师将通过讲解和演示的方式介绍英语语音的基本概念和分类，以及发音规则和技巧。
•实践训练：学生将通过个人和小组练习来巩固所学的语音知识和技能，包括口语练习和模仿。
•课堂互动：教师将鼓励学生积极参与课堂讨论和活动，以提高他们的语音认知和听力理解能力。
练习题样例1.下列单词中，哪一个音标代表的是元音？a./p/b./i/c./t/d./n/2.请根据拼写给出的单词，选择正确的发音。
ughb.toughc.schoold.thought总结《现代大学英语语音教程（第二版）》是一本全面介绍英语语音的教材，通过理论讲授和实践训练，帮助学生掌握英语语音的基础知识和技能。
同时，通过课堂互动和练习题，提高学生的语音认知和听力理解能力。
这本教材将成为学生在大学英语学习中的重要辅助教材，为他们打下坚实的语音基础。
oxford phonics world第二册单词
oxford phonics world第二册单词摘要：1.牛津英语语音世界第二册单词概述2.牛津英语语音世界第二册单词的种类3.学习牛津英语语音世界第二册单词的重要性4.如何有效地学习和记忆牛津英语语音世界第二册单词正文：一、牛津英语语音世界第二册单词概述牛津英语语音世界（Oxford Phonics World）是一套非常受欢迎的英语学习教材，特别是在英语初学者中。
该教材以语音为基础，旨在帮助学生掌握英语的发音规则，从而更好地阅读、写作和听力理解。
第二册是该系列中的一本，主要涵盖了一些基础的单词和词汇。
二、牛津英语语音世界第二册单词的种类在牛津英语语音世界第二册中，单词主要分为以下几类：1.动物：如cat（猫）、dog（狗）、bird（鸟）等；2.颜色：如red（红色）、blue（蓝色）、green（绿色）等；3.食物：如apple（苹果）、banana（香蕉）、orange（橙子）等；4.人体部位：如head（头）、eye（眼睛）、nose（鼻子）等；5.家庭用品：如chair（椅子）、table（桌子）、bed（床）等；6.学习用品：如book（书）、pen（笔）、pencil（铅笔）等。
三、学习牛津英语语音世界第二册单词的重要性学习牛津英语语音世界第二册单词的重要性不言而喻。
掌握这些基础单词有助于提高学生的英语阅读、写作和听力理解能力。
此外，这些单词也是英语交流的基础，为日后更深入的英语学习打下坚实的基础。
四、如何有效地学习和记忆牛津英语语音世界第二册单词为了有效地学习和记忆牛津英语语音世界第二册单词，可以采取以下方法：1.多听：通过听英语歌曲、看英语动画片或多听英语广播，让学生在不知不觉中接触到这些单词，提高英语听力水平；2.多说：鼓励学生多与他人用英语交流，尤其是用学到的单词进行练习；3.多读：让学生多读一些简单的英语文章或故事，帮助他们在实际语境中理解和记忆这些单词；4.多写：通过写作练习，让学生将所学单词运用到写作中，巩固记忆；5.制作单词卡片：将所学单词写在卡片上，并附上相应的图片，方便学生随时随地查阅和复习。
外研社英语语音教程(第二版)教学课件第一章
第三节 音素的分类
自从国际语音协会于1888 年制定了第一套国际音标以来，语音学家们对其进行着不 断的研究和更新。他们普遍认为：根据气流从肺部呼出时是否受到发音器官的阻碍，语 音可以分为元音和辅音两大类。
1. 元音
第三节 音素的分类
2. 辅音
第三节 音素的分类
第一节 国际音标体系
3. DJ音标
全称为Daniel Jones Phonetic Symbol 目前通用的DJ 音标是第18 版，音标符号共计有48 个，其中辅音有28 个，元音
有20 个。
第一节 国际音标体系
4. KK音标
全称为Kenyon & Knott Phonetic Symbols 目前KK 音标符号共计有44 个，其中辅音有24 个，元音有20 个。
第一节 国际音标体系
5. 国际音标IPA
全称为The International Phonetic Alphabet 目前国际音标符号共计有48 个，其中辅音有28 个，元音有20 个。
第一节 国际音标体系
6. 英文字典里的单词读音
国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的DJ 音标和美式发音的KK音标，前 者是根据Daniel Jones 编的《英语发音字典 》（English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963）改编而来，后者则是根据John S. Kenyon 和Thomas A. Knott的《美语发音字典》（A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English， 1956）改编而来。两种音标所使用的符号均从国际音标符号（IPA）而来。
第一节 国际音标体系
7. 英语教材中使用的音标
英语语音课程大纲
英语语音课程大纲I. 课程简介本课程旨在帮助学生提高英语语音水平，包括音标的掌握、语音规则的理解和口语表达的训练。
通过课堂教学、练习和实践任务，学生将能够准确地发音、流利地交流，并提高听力理解能力。
II. 课程目标1. 掌握国际音标的基本知识，包括元音、辅音及其组合。
2. 理解英语语音规则，如重读音节、连读、弱读等。
3. 通过听力练习提高对不同语音的识别能力。
4. 改善发音准确性和流利度，提高口语表达能力。
5. 培养学生对英语语音的敏感性，提高听力理解能力。
III. 课程安排第一单元：音标基础- 介绍国际音标及其符号的含义与发音方式。
- 学习单个音素的发音和分类，包括元音和辅音。
- 练习正确发音，并通过听力训练加强对不同音素的辨识。
第二单元：音节与重音- 理解音节的概念及其在英语中的重要性。
- 学习重音的规则和位置，包括单词重音和句子重音。
- 练习正确划分音节和标注重音，并在口语中准确地应用。
第三单元：连读与弱读- 探讨连读在口语交流中的重要作用。
- 学习并练习连读规则，如连续辅音、连续元音等。
- 理解弱读的概念及其在句子中的运用。
第四单元：辅音组合与特殊发音- 研究常见的辅音组合及其发音规则，如/s/、/tʃ/、/ʃ/等。
- 学习特殊发音现象，如浊化、清化、阻塞等。
- 练习正确发音，并通过口语训练提高准确性。
第五单元：口语表达训练- 进行口语练习，包括句子模仿、对话演练等。
- 强化发音准确性和流利度，并提高口语表达的自信心。
- 听说任务：引导学生在实际情境中运用所学语音知识，如电话交流、演讲等。
IV. 评价标准1. 参与度（20%）：积极参与课堂活动，主动讨论和提问。
2. 作业与练习（30%）：按时完成课内外作业，并进行自我练习。
3. 发音准确性（30%）：能正确发音，并遵循所学的语音规则。
4. 口语表达（20%）：能流利、自信地进行口语表达和交流。
V. 参考教材- English Phonetics and Phonology by Peter Roach- Pronunciation Pairs by Ann BakerVI. 注意事项- 鼓励学生多听多模仿，借助录音设备进行自我纠正。
【通用版】2020届小升初英语复习：语音 音标基础-自然拼读法2
自然拼读法基本规则和小窍门英语是拼音文字，所有的词汇都是由26个字母拼出来的，而在成千上万的不同拼法中，基本发音因素却只有39-47个，这说明26个字母与基本音素间是有着一定的关联的。
但是，英语是属于比较深奥的拼音文字，也就是说26个字母与基本音素之间没有一对一的对应关系，而是一对多和多对一的复杂关系，这对学习英语词汇的发音和拼写无疑增加了难度。
尽管如此，人们还是总结出了很多发音规律，这些规律对于绝大多数英文词汇都是适用的，这就是自然拼音法。
英文的26个字母，分为元音和辅音，其中元音只有5个，即a，e，i，o，u，其余字母均为辅音。
对于大多数辅音来说，它们的发音是一对一的，而有少数几个辅音字母，每个字母有两个或以上的发音。
字母与发音一一对应的辅音：b -- balld -- dogf -- fishh -- hatj -- jumpk -- kite l -- legm -- mann -- notp -- penq – quickr -- runs -- sunt -- tenv -- vestw -- waterz -- zoo（注意q与u总是连在一起的）有多个发音的辅音：字母发音例词c 字母c后面接a，o，u的时候，c的发音与字母k发音相同，叫做“hard c sound”cat, cap, call, coat, cup当字母c后面接e，i，或y的时候，通常c的发音与字母s发音相同，叫做“soft c sound” city, ice, rice, face, cell, cent, voice, pencil, juice 有时在e或i前面，c会发/sh/音 ocean, racial, socialg 字母g后面接a，o，u的时候，所发的音叫做“hard g sound” girl, gas, get, give,go 当字母g后面接e，i，或y的时候，有时g的发音与字母j的发音相同，叫做“软g音” age, change, ginger, Egypt, gentle, giraffe, badge特例：forget, give, girl中的g发hard soundx x在单词中间或结尾时发/ks/音box, next, mix, six, fox x在单词中间时有时发/gz/音exit, exam, exact x在单词起始位置时发/z/音 xylophone, xeroxy y在单词起始位置时发音为辅音yes, you, yard, year, yell y在单词或音节中间或结尾时被当做元音y在结尾，单词只有一个音节时y发长/i/音，y在结尾，单词有两个或以上音节时y发长/e/音y在单词或音节中间时，发短/i/音小测试：my, cry, fly, sky辅音字母组合辅音字母组合的发音很简单，就是把每个辅音字母的发音连在一起就可以了。
英语语音教程第二版课程设计
英语语音教程第二版课程设计一、课程简介英语语音教程是英语学习中十分重要的一个环节，准确的语音发音能够使学习者更好地理解和表达英语。
本课程为第二版英语语音教程课程设计，本版教材在继承前一版教材优点的基础上，加入了更多的实际语境，侧重于提高学习者的口语表达能力。
二、教学目标1.掌握英语的基础音素及其发音规律；2.能与外国人进行简单的英语口语交流；3.提高学习者的英语口语表达能力，培养自信心。
三、教学内容第一节：英语语音概述1.英语语音与汉语语音的差异；2.英语语音历史沿革；3.英语语音分类及其特点。
第二节：元音的基本概念和发音1.元音的定义与分类；2.英语元音的发音方法；3.学习者自我纠正的方法。
第三节：辅音的基本概念和发音1.辅音的定义与分类；2.英语辅音的发音方法；3.学习者自我纠正的方法。
第四节：英语语音规律1.元音和辅音的组合规律；2.连读和弱读规律；3.重读和节奏的训练。
第五节：单词和句子的发音1.单词的重读和非重读音节；2.不同词性的发音差异；3.句子的语调模式。
四、教学方法1.学生为主体，教师为引导者；2.以学生熟悉的生活场景为基础，让学生在实际场景中学习语音；3.提供大量的语音材料和听力训练，培养学生的语音敏感度；4.开展小组讨论和语音大赛等活动，增强学生学习英语的兴趣和动力。
五、教学评价1.日常成绩评定包括：测试、作业、课堂表现等；2.期末考试形式：听力、口语和书面考试；3.教学满意度问卷调查。
六、参考资料1.《英语语音教程（第二版）》；2.高等学校英语教学研究会编：《英语语音教学与实践》；3.张庆一：《英语语音教程（上、下册）》。
语音2 教案
本课程教学目的、要求
本课程的教学目的是通过讲授英语语音的基础知识和大量的实践训练，使学生了解英语语音的基本理论知识，掌握正确的语音语调和基本朗读技巧，并着重在实践中运用。
本课程目的是在学生已具有一定的语音知识和实践的基础上进行语音理论的讲授和必要的语音、语调的训练，使学生获得英语语音基础知识和基本技能，掌握正确的语音、语调和朗读技巧。
11. Ask the students to do more practice after class and get ready for presentation during the next session.
教学后记
章节教案
章节名称
授课类型
理论课（）、实践课（）、实习（）
教学时数
教学目的要求
11. Ask the students to do more practice after class and get ready for presentation during the next session.
教学后记
章节教案
章节名称
授课类型
理论课（）、实践课（）、实习（）
教学时数
教学目的要求
主要知识点
a, an, am, and, are, as, at, be, been, but, can, could, do, does, for, from, had, has, have, he her, him, is, me, must, of, shall, she, should, some, than, that, them, there, to, us, was, we, were, would,
主要知识点
教学重点、难点
大学生英语语音2课程总结
大学生英语语音2课程总结
大学生英语语音2课程总结主要包括以下内容：
1. 学习语音符号：在课程开始阶段，学生需要掌握国际音标的基本符号，包括元音和辅音。
通过学习符号，学生可以更准确地发音，并且能够理解英文单词和句子的发音规律。
2. 发音规则和变异：课程中会介绍英语中的一些发音规则，如元音和辅音的读法，重音的位置等。
同时，还会讨论一些特殊情况下的发音变异，如连读、弱读、辅音音变等。
学生需要通过大量的练习来掌握这些规则和变异。
3. 声调和语调：语音2课程还会涉及到英语中的声调和语调。
学生需要了解不同词义和语气表达的变化是如何通过声调和语调来实现的。
通过模仿和练习，学生可以提高自己的语言表达能力。
4. 连读和重音：连读是英语中常见的现象，通过将相邻的词或音节连接起来，使语音更加自然流畅。
重音则是词汇或句子中的重点词，通过正确地承重和轻读，可以使语言更有节奏感和表达力。
5. 口语训练：在课程最后阶段，学生将进行口语训练，通过模仿和出色的练习来提高口语表达能力。
学生可以通过跟读、反复朗读或进行对话等方式来巩固所学的语音知识。
通过语音2课程的学习，学生可以提高英语口语交流的准确性和流利性，更好地理解和运用英语语音规则，提高整体的语言能力。
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英语语音基础课程（二）元音：/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/辅音：/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /θ/, /ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/浊化，音节，重读音节，辅音连缀i.Vowel—元音/ɜː/， /ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/a)/ɜː/常由er，ir，or，ur，ear发出发音要诀：微笑，唇呈扁形舌尖靠近下齿龈，但不贴紧发音持续e.g.：b ir d w or k h er p ur se l ear nsh ir t w or d t er m c ur se ear lyThe g ir l gets up ear ly to go to w or k. She walks to w or k at seven th ir ty.b)/ ə /常由字母a，e，i，o，u，以及ar，er，ur发出发音要诀：英语中最轻松的一个音略略开口，从喉咙里发出一个轻微的音注意：不要用力，自然发出音总是短而弱但在英语中出现频率最高e.g.：b a nan a stud e nt fam i ly welc o me Aug u stdoll ar teach er Sat ur day扩充：/ kən/ 弱读形式，用于提问时can/ kæn/ 重读形式，用于回答时e.g.：—Can you sing？—Yes，I can.c)/ʌ /常由u，o发出发音要诀：扁唇在微笑的基础上将口略微开大一点唇角感到紧张短元音，发出的音很清脆e.g.：l o ve m o ther s o me m o neyc u p b u s l u ck s u mmerd)/ɑ:/常由字母a，ar发出发音要诀：松弛自然，口开到最大，不要撅嘴舌尖离开下齿龈长元音，可以持续e.g.：p ar k c ar t f ar mera sk f a ther gl a ss对比：/ʌ/，/ɑ:/ /æ/hut heart hatcut cart catbus bar bage)总结练习：在单词下面的横线上写出黑体部分发出的是下列中哪个音/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/，/ɑ:/a c ar d but f ir stb ar m o ney______ ________________________doct or g ir l f ar mer u p l ar ge______ ______ ______ ______ ______ii.Consonant—辅音/f/, /v/ /s/, /z/ /θ/,/ð/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/a)/f/ 清辅音常由字母f，ph，gh发出发音要诀：上齿放在下唇上，但不要咬唇气流由上齿和下唇之间冲出e.g.：f ish f at ele ph ant ph one lau gh enou ghFred and Fiona like fruit and fish./v/ 浊辅音常由字母v发出发音要诀：发音部位和/f/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：V icky fi v e se v en twel v e—How old is Vicky？—She is five years old. She is very lovely.b)/s/ 清辅音常由字母是s，ss，c发出发音要诀：舌尖抵下齿龈气流由舌尖和下齿龈之间冲出e.g：same sorry grass class rice pencilSarah：What’s this? _________A bus? _________Sam：Yes.Sarah：And what’s this? _________A horse? _________Sam：No，it’s a mouse.你能在横线上填出该问句应该读升调还是降调吗？/z/ 浊辅音常由字母z发出发音要诀：发音部位和/s/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：字母Z zoo buzz对比：/s/ /z/C ZSue zoobus buzzc)/θ/清辅音发音要诀：舌尖略略伸出，放在上下齿之间，清触上齿气流从上齿和舌尖之间流出e.g.：mou th th ick th inkMy math teacher is Miss Smith.注意：/θ/音是由字母组合________ 发出对比练习：/θ/ /s/mouth mousethick sickthink sink/ð / 浊辅音发音要诀：发音部位和/θ/相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：This is family. I’m in the middle, between my mother and my father. My big brother，James，is next to my father. My little brother，Peter，is next to my mother. And my grandmother and grandfather are here，behind us.你能用横线把上面这一段话中发出/ð /的字母组合划出来吗？four th th ese th e________ ________ ________th anks th umb fea th er________ ________ ________请在横线上写出th发的是/θ/还是/ð /d)/ʃ/ 清辅音发音要诀：舌尖离开上齿龈，让后往后缩一点点双唇撅起，像小孩子生气时的口形让气流从舌尖与上齿龈之间的缝隙中流出e.g.：sh oe sh opping sh eep sh ips ugar Ru ss ia deli c ious注意：/ʃ/通常是由字母组合________ 发出，但不总是如此！/ʒ/ 浊辅音发音要诀：发音部位和/ʃ /相同，唯一区别是声带需振动。
e.g.：u s ually mea s ure deci s ion televi s ion—What do you u s ually do on Sundays？—I usually watch television.对比练习：/s/ /ʃ / /ʒ/sea she usuallySue shoe televisionsell shell decisionShe sells sea shells at the sea shore.e)/r/发音要诀：舌尖卷起来，停在口腔中央，不要贴在任何部位上双唇撅起，但不要太用力气流由舌面和硬腭之间流出e.g：r ed f r uit r eadF r ed wr ite wr ong注意：“r”在_________总发音，但在辅前有时不发音。
比如说_______人和澳大利亚人，“r”在辅音前不发音；_______和加拿大人，苏格兰人等，“r”在辅音前总发出一个儿化的音。
e.g：Yesterday we learned the word “arm”.f)/h/常由h，wh发出发音要诀：口张开，唇形自然放松轻轻地呼出一口气，不要用力发出的音非常轻，几乎听不见e.g：h at h elp wh o wh ose注意：有一些以h开头的单词，h不发音，比如__________,_________。
iii.浊化，音节与重读音节a)浊化清辅音后跟着一个元音，前面又有一个/s/，一般把该清辅音读成对应的浊辅音。
（属于英语的一个发音习惯）练习：/spɑ://stɑ://stʌdi/ /skɜːt/b)音节与重读音节多数音节由一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成，元音本身也可以成为一个音节。
e.g.：/si:/ /i:t/ /bed //ə/单词根据音节的个数分为______________, ______________和_________________。
在双音节词和多音节词中，其中有一个音节需要重读，读的重且强，用重音符号_________表示。
e.g.：/'θɜːtɪ/ /'fɑːðə/ /'rʌbɪʃ/ /bə'nɑːnə/注：辅音连缀本讲不做总结。
后续课程会详细讲解。
iv.音标词练习1.请准确念出本讲学习的四个元音和十个辅音/ɜː/，/ə/，/ʌ/ /ɑ:/，/f/, /v/ /s/, /z/ /θ/,/ð/,/ʃ/, /ʒ/, /r/, /h/2.请拼读下列音标词，并反复练习做到熟读。
【参考答案】i.Vowel—元音e）/ə/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɜː/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ//ə/ /ɜː/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɑ:/ii.Consonant—辅音b）降调升调降调升调c）th/θ/ /ð / /ð / /θ/ /θ/ /ð /d）she）元音英国人美国人f）hour honestiii.浊化，音节与重读音节b）单音节词双音节词多音节词'。