高考英语非谓语动词之分词

高考英语非谓语动词之分词

一、分词的时态与语态

1、现在分词的时态语语态

主动形式：一般式：完成式：

被动式：完成式：

其否定形式在分词前加not

2、过去分词：

1）（be）a student, she was interested in her study.

2) (study) in the university for three years, he knows it very well.

3) The building (build) now is our teaching building.

4) (criticize) by his teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking.

5) This is the book (write) by a famous writer.

6) (not know) how to handle the problem, she decided to turn to his teacher for help.

二、分词的用法（高考考点透析）

1.分词作

1）There are two roads before us, one (lead) to the beach, the other to the park.

2) The conference (hold) now is about world environment protection.

3) The conference (hold) last week is about world environment protection.

4) walked hard on the ground (cover) by/with snow.

5) The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.(湖南卷)

A. being blown

B. blown down

C. blowing down

D. to blow down

现在分词作定语表示

过去分词作定语表示

2.分词作

1）The old man passed away, (leave) his son nothing but debts. 作状语

2) （hear）the disappointing news, he felt down. 作状语

3) The girl is leaning against the tree, (sing) a song. 作状语

4) (tell) me something about the matter, he left hurriedly. 作状语

5) (tell) many times, he didn’t make the same mistake again.

作状语现在分词的一般式做状语，即doing 形式，用法是

现在分词的完成式做状语，即having done形式，用法是

3.做补语（参见五·三P91非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词

1）A cook will be fired if he is caught in the kitchen.(高考题)

A. smoke

B. smoked

C. smoking

D. to smoke

2）When I looked back in the supermarket, I suddenly found someone (smoke).

3) I’m delighted to see the project (perform) by the government.

4.作表语

关于excited/exciting ; moved/moving; amazed/amazing; disappointed/disappointing 一类词的用法。

The (shock) news (shock) all of us, so all of us felt (shock).

5.注意分词在状语从句省略中的运用。(参见五·三P87—分词作状语的句法功能)

6.独立主格（参见五·三P88）

7.非谓语动词在with 复合结构中的应用。（参见五·三P93—Point 6）

非谓语动词答题技巧

技巧1 正确判断非谓语动词

句子结构分为三类，即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导，如果句子中出现了连词，应选谓语动词形式，如果两个结构中未出现连词，则考虑使用非谓语动词。

Many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told

B. Told

C. He was told

D. Though he had been told

技巧2 正确判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系

确定使用非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词的逻辑上的动作的执行者就叫逻辑主语。判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动。

1）如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，可用现在分词。

2）如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，可用过去分词。

from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.

A. Seen

B. Seeing

C. Having seen

D. To see

技巧3 正确判断非谓语动词和谓语动词发生的时间先后

非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间，即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。如to have done, having done 表示动作发生在谓语动词之前发生；to be doing, doing 则强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南）

A. struggling

B. struggled

C. having struggled

D. to struggle