第九章 垂悬结构

Getting down from the bus, I got my ankle sprained.
4. Looking out of the window, there were many people on the street.
Looking out of the window, Mary saw many people on the street.
第二节
悬垂结构试题分析
1. While shopping for a birthday present for Anna, that was when Julie remembered a clearance sale at the outlet mall. 批发商店 清仓甩卖 A. that was when Julie remembered a clearance sale at the outlet mall B. Julie remembered a clearance sale at the outlet mall C. then Julie’s memory of the outlet mall’s clearance sale took place D. the outlet mall’s clearance sale was what Julie remembered E. a clearance sale at the outlet mall was remembered by Julie
7. Ranked as one of the top ten universities, many students are
eager to have the chance to study in Princeton.
Ranked as one of the top ten universities, Princeton is the dream of many students who are eager to study in it.
判断句子正误：
1. Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.
Waiting for a bus, I was hit by a brick.
2. Driving on the road that night, a squirrel suddenly leapt out of the jungle. Driving on the road that night, Tom saw a squirrel leaping... 3. Getting down from the bus, my ankle was sprained.
B. V-ing + 介词 如：judging from(从…上判断)，talking/speaking of(谈 到…)，allowing for(=considering考虑到) 考虑到他的年龄，他已经做得很好。
Allowing for/Considering his age, he has done a good job.
=Although it was dismissed状语从句省略
[ˌæten'di ː
5. Although dismissed by Salon attendees for its subject matter, most artists viewed Manet’s Olympia as a groundbreaking work. 创新的 A. most artists viewed Manet’s Olympia as a groundbreaking work view A as B=regard A as B B. most artists viewed Manet’s Olympia to be a groundbreaking work C. a groundbreaking work was what most artists viewed Manet’s Olympia as D. Manet’s Olympia was viewed by most artists as a groundbreaking work E. Manet’s Olympia, a groundbreaking work in the view of most artists
说到英语写作，我有一个很好的导师。 Speaking/Talking of English writing, I have an excellent tutor. 从他的口音判断，他一定是来自英国。 Judging from his accent, he must be from Britain.
• C. V-ing/V.-ed + 从句 Assuming/supposing / supposed that + 从句 = if + 从句 providing / provided that 从句 = if + 从句 granting / granted that 从句 = although + 从句 Considering / given that 从句
Granted that he is not brilliant, he is at least diligent. 尽管他并非才华出众,但他至少勤奋。 Granting that he was drunk, that is no excuse for his conduct. 尽管他是醉了,那也不能成为他这样做的理由。
• 悬垂结构是SAT的重点考查内容；认识悬垂结构可以 帮助我们迅速排除一些错误选项。 例：After reading the book, _______. A. I fed the dog C. feeding the dog was his task B. the dog was fed by me D. the dog was hungry
考虑到
1) 假如发生战争，你会怎么办呢? Supposing there was a war, what would you do? 2)假设这建议被接受了，我们可以在哪里得到足够 的钱？ Assuming the proposal is accepted, where can we get enough money? 3) 考虑到剩下的时间不多了，我想我们应该加快 我们的进度。 Given/Considering that there is little time left, I think we should accelerate our progress.
或when之类的介词或连词)，首先要考虑句子主语必须和V-ing或Ved在逻辑上有关系，一般凡是没有关系的必定是错误项。
thenovel is popular with children. novelist • 例：Writing in a free style, the the novel Written in a free style, the novelist is popular with children.
3. While taking a sightseeing tour of Paris, the Eiffel Tower was the Emily’s first stop. A. the Eiffel Tower was the Emily’s first stop B. the Eiffel Tower was where Emily’s stopped first C. Emily’s first stop was the Eiffel Tower D. Emily’s first stop being the Eiffel Tower E. Emily first stopped at the Eiffel Tower
(如果reading the book作状语，作主语的就必须是此动作 的发出者。在各选项中，只有A符合条件。)
Hot tip!!
• 当句子以V-ing开头时，句子的主语必须是该动作的发出者；当句
子以V-ed开头时，主语就必须和该动作构成被动关系。
• 当看到一个句子以V-ing或V-ed开头时(有时前面有after, before, while
SAT文法
九、悬 垂 结 构
While walking on a clear day, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.
定义：悬垂结构是指现在分词(V-ing)或过去分词(V-ed) 在句子里作状语时，其逻辑主语(动作的发出者)从语法 的要求来看，必须是句子的主语；但如果该主语和现 在分词或过去分词在逻辑上又没有联系，那么现在分 词或过去分词就变成了一个没有依附的分词，这样的 错误在语法上称为“悬垂结构。”
Attention！
• 英语里有些固定的表达方式，特别是在一些表示说话人 态度的结构中，句子的主语和句首的V-ing或V-ed没有任 何关系，但句子依然正确。常见的有： • A. 副词(strictly / frankly / generally / seriously) + speaking
1) 一般而言，女性寿命较男性长。 Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 2)坦白讲，他没有你想像中的坏。 Frankly speaking, he is not so bad as you might think.
源自文库
2. While studying at the university of Michigan, that was when Arthur Miller developed a profound passion for writing. 极度的 A. that was when Arthur Miller developed a profound passion for writing B. Arthur Miller developed a profound passion for writing C. then the development of Arthur Miller’s profound passion for writing took place D. Arthur Miller’s profound passion for writing was developed E. a profound passion for drama developed in Arthur Miller
be brought up被抚养
[ˌmetrə'p ɒlɪtən]大都市的
4. Brought up in a small suburban town, it was only when
she began working in Boston that she realized how exciting life in a metropolitan area could be. A. it was only when she began working in Boston that she realized how exciting life in a metropolitan area could be B. when she began working in Boston she then realized how exciting life in a metropolitan area could be C. going to work in Boston made her realize how exciting life in a metropolitan area could be D. she didn’t realize how exciting life in a metropolitan area could be until she began working in Boston E. exciting life in a metropolitan area was unrealized by her until she began working in Boston
判断句子正误：
5. Sitting under an apple tree one night, a new idea came to
Newton.
Sitting under an ..., Newton was hit by a new idea. 6. Looking in this way, the situation didn’t seem that bad. Looked in this way, the situation didn’t seem that bad.