2012年考研英语第四篇阅读重要词汇整理
考研英语阅读中的50个重要词汇,附例题讲解
考研英语阅读中的50个重要词汇,附例题讲解
英语单词的背诵重要性是众所周知的,相信很多小伙伴都已经坚持了很久,并且还将继续坚持下去。在这里小编整理了考研英语阅读的50个重要词汇,希望可以帮到大家~
1. authority 权威,当局
Mexican authorities noticed a large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.
墨西哥当局注意到,在成年人中有大量人住院。
One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.
一位权威人士说道,这些极其强大的精神事件不但可以约束,还可以有意识地进行控制。
2. equivalent 等价物
The digital credential would be a voluntary trusted identity system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key,a fingerprint and a photo ID card.
该数字证书可以成为一个自愿受信身份系统,从而成为物理密钥、指纹以及身份证的高科技等价物。
3. alternative 替代物
They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and
考研英语一真题手译阅读2012-Text4
百度官方认证店铺:考研资料
2012-1Text4
1-If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.
When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now36%do.
In2009the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.
In Britain,more than half of public-sector workers but only about15%of private-sector ones are unionized.
2-There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.
First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.
Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.
考研英语二2012text4
考研英语二2012text4
In recent years, there has been a surge in the number of children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This has sparked a heated debate among parents, educators, and healthcare professionals about the reasons for this increase and how to best address the needs of these children.
One argument is that the rise in ADHD diagnoses is simply a result of increased awareness and better diagnostic methods. In the past, children who exhibited hyperactive or impulsive behavior may have been labeled as "problematic" or simply disciplined more harshly. Now, with a better understanding of ADHD and its symptoms, these children are being properly diagnosed and given the appropriate support and treatment.
2012年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析
2013年考研英语Text4阅读逐句分析
If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would
probably representcivil servants. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.
36. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _________.
[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members
[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant
[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership
2012年英语二第四篇英语解题方法详细解析
2012年英语二第四篇英语解题方法详细
解析
在考场之中,考生们可能难以得到如此多的背景信息,但是,这并不妨碍我们按照我们的日常练习的方式来解答这篇阅读。
我们的第一个步骤仍然是:读题划点。
第36 题.,题干为:By saying “to find silver linings”(Line 1,Para.2)the author suggest that the jobless try to___.
通过对于题干的分析,这是一道词组或者说是词义的推理题目。要求考生,通过划线的词组来推断作者的建议。
我们注意的是该题的出题位置,是在第二段的第一行,这使得很多同学心里上放松了对于第一段落的重视。如果真的如此,则考生便陷入了出题人的陷阱。因为出题人之所以设计考点在此,便是通过对于第二段首句的考察来进行大纲所要求的对于上下文内在结构的理解的考察。即,第二段的内容是如何通过此句与文章的第一个段落联系在一起的。
所以这道题的解题区域(相关解释详见同上)不仅包括该段落后续内容,也包含了上一段落的最后几个部分。
在此,有一些同学基础很好,能够知道“to find silver linings”在英语中有着一个固定含义,即“寻找一线生机”。于是便开始积极的且急急的去对应答案选项解答题目。
殊不知,考研的出题人本就是不想让你知道这词或是词组的意思的,这样你才能返回文章,通过阅读得到含义,实现考试的目的。于是,哪些同学有“可能反被聪明误”而错选答案而失去分数。
故,在这里,作为一个从教多年的教师,提醒各位考生们:
1. 考研阅读的原文是衡量答案的唯一标准!
2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析
2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析
法律类
GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT
By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspect Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult for the Santana High School shootings. Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. in the U.S. to launch his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories--this time playing for the other team. "I think people misunderstand being conservative for being biased," says Pfingst. "I consider myself a pragmatic guy, and I have no interest in putting innocent people in jail."
考研英语2012text4
考研英语2012text4
考研英语2012Text4的文章主要讨论了美国公务员union 的变化。以下是文章的主要内容和答案:
1. 文章主题:探讨美国公务员union 的演变及其对政治和政策的影响。
2. 文章结构:
a. 首段:引入话题,说明美国公务员union 的历史悠久,但现在面临挑战。
b. 第二段:描述1960 年代,公务员union 力量的壮大,以及Jimmy Hoffa 这位工会领袖的影响。
c. 第三段:讲述Hoffa 去世后,公务员union 的衰落及其原因,如腐败、内部矛盾等。
d. 第四段:分析公务员union 现在的地位和挑战,如组织力量薄弱、成员流失等。
e. 结尾:指出公务员union 仍具有重要地位,呼吁改革和创新以适应现代社会。
3. 答案:
a. 问题37:第二段描述了1960 年代公务员union 的壮大,故答案为True。
b. 问题38:第四段提到公务员union 的收入差距,但未给出具体数据,故无法给出答案。
c. 问题39:根据第四段,公务员union 面临挑战,需要改革和创新,故答案为改革。
4. 建议参考资料:
a. 红宝书考研英语词汇:根据最新考研英语大纲,对词汇进行分类和深入解析,有助于备考。
b. 红宝书考研英语10 年真题:系统精析历年真题,提供解题思路和方法,适合复习。
c. 红宝书考研写作:以图画和话题为特色,符合最新考研英语写作命题要求,推荐参考。
请注意,以上答案仅供参考,具体问题可能因考试题目和语境而有所不同。
2009-2012年考研英语阅读高分词汇
2009年阅读高分词汇:
Text 1
1. mindlessly 不知不觉地;unconsciously; instinctively 本能地;
2. unreflecting 没有思想的;不反省的
3. herd 民众(容易受他人影响的人)
4. connotation 含义,意义
5. paradoxical 矛盾的;contradictory 矛盾的
6. innovation 创新;innovative 创新的
7. parallel 平行;类似
8. inherently 固有的,内在的
9. dismiss sb. as 不屑地把某人视为…
10. rut 路径;tracks 路径
11. bypass 绕路
12. explore 探讨
13. analytical 分析的
14. modes of thought 思维方式
15. highlight 突出
16. collaborative 合作的
17. perpetuate 维持,坚持
18. foster 培育;滋养
19. fantastic 绝妙的;
20. causal 随意的
21. mechanical 机械的
22. regulate 制约;限制
23. trace 追踪
24. activate 激活;激发
25. commonness 平庸
26. comply with 遵守
Text 2
1. boost 促进,提高
2. paternal 父亲的;maternal 母亲的
3. shell out 花钱;
4. kit 成套用品或工具
5. prescription 处方
2012年考研英语(一)阅读 text 4 精读精讲知乎
2012年考研英语(一)阅读text 4 精读精讲知乎全文共6篇示例,供读者参考
篇1
Text 4 From the 2012 English Exam Was Really Hard!
Hi everyone! My name is Lily and I'm in 5th grade. I love reading, especially really challenging books and articles. My parents are both professors and they always give me hard stuff to read to get me ready for the super difficult tests in college one day.
Recently, my dad had me read this weird passage called "Text 4" that was on some old graduate school entrance exam from 2012 in China. He said it would be great practice for me to analyze a college-level reading passage. I thought it was going to be soooo boring, but it actually turned out to be really interesting!
2012考研英语阅读真题 Text 4(英语一)
2012 Text 4(英语⼀)
If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant.
如果⼯会会员Jimmy Hoffa今天还活着,他也许会是公务员的代表。
When Hoffa's Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do.
1960年Hoffa的组织Teamsters处于全盛时期,美国政府⼯作⼯员中只有⼯分之⼯的⼯属于某⼯个公会;现在这个⼯率是36%。
In 2009 the number of unionists in America's public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.
2009年任职于美国公共部⼯的⼯会会员⼯数超过了任职于私营部⼯的⼯会会员⼯数。
In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.
在英国,在公共部⼯的⼯作⼯员中半数以上参加了⼯会,⼯私营部⼯的⼯作⼯员只有
⼯约15%的⼯参加了⼯会组织。
2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析
2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析
法律类
GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT
By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Last week the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspect Charles Andrew Williams, 15, as an adult for the Santana High School shootings. Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial California law that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults.
So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. in the U.S. to launch his very own Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst told his attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if any unravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted to revisit past victories--this time playing for the other team. "I think people misunderstand being conservative for being biased," says Pfingst. "I consider myself a pragmatic guy, and I have no interest in putting innocent people in jail."
考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解—2012年阅读Text 4(下)
考研英语(一)高频重点单词详解—2012年阅读Text 4(下)
这是一篇关于某些西方国家中存在的社团和政府组成人员关系的政治性文章,文章总体难度不大,其中的超纲单词也不是很多,这篇文章主要是为大家介绍20个高频重点单词,希望大家在学习中,认真复习和准备相应的词汇。
1. 9repeat [rɪ'pɪːt]
vt. &vi. /n. 重复,重说,重做
【词根记忆】:re(再一次)+peat(走)→一次又一次走→重复,重说,重做
【短语搭配】:repeat itself再次发生; 重演
be a repeat of 是…的重现
【真题例句】:You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction.你们都多次听说过,科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的。(1993年翻译)
2. 68increase ['ɪnkris]
vt.&vi.增加,增长,增强
【词根记忆】:in(强调)+cre(生长,创作)+se(后缀)→使生长→增长,增强
【短语搭配】:increase in(使)在…增加;(使)在…增大
increase by增加了;按…增长
on the increase正在增加,正在增长
【真题例句】:All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. 所有上述情况都会增加青少年犯罪的可能性,虽然其中的直接因果关系还没有得到证实。(2004年知识运用)
2012考研英语:研究生英语二第四篇英语解题方法详细解析
这在原⽂中有:they were more aware of the struggles of others体现,但是这只是说有了⼀种意识,⽽不是真的“each other”的与任何⼈都去“struggle against”,故属于同形不同义,排除。
[C]challenge their lifestyle,C选项,挑战了他们的⽣活⽅式。
该选项符合⽂章中的相关内容,与题⼲结合有歧义,即⼈们⾃⼰挑战⾃⼰的⽣活⽅式。实际上,原⽂所提及的⼀些题改变是⼈们迫不得已的重新思考的结果,⽽不是⼈们⾃主的挑战。所以,排除此选项。
[D]reconsider their lifestyle ,D选项,重新思考他们的时候⽅式。
⽂章中“had improved them in some ways;”;“they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others。”;“At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending”都是⼀种基于改变的思考,故选D选项。
第38题,结合⽂章研读选项:
考研英语一真题阅读理解词汇整理大全:2005-2011年(建议收藏)
2005 年真题
TEXT 1 动物的公平意识
vanish 消失
slack 松懈,懈怠
grievance 不满
capuchin 卷尾猴
be jealous of 嫉妒
good-natured 生性温和
co-operative 乐于合作
readily 乐意地,心甘情愿地
inclined to 更倾向于
markedly 明显地
goods 商品
toss 抛(v. )猛仰头,抛硬币决定(n.)
stem from 起源于
as yet 到目前为止
weigh 权衡,斟酌
token 金属代币
perfect candiate 理想人选
resentment 愤怒
handover 交出
abundantly 极其,非常
righteous indignation 义愤
perceive 注意到,察觉到
make a comparison 比较发现相同 or 相异之处
pose a constrast 对比表明差异
TEXT 2 全球气候变暖问题亟待解决
buy 相信(尤指不可能的事);承认接受antismoking lobby 反对吸烟的游说者
(n.)前厅,大厅,游说团体;(v. )游说
be out of 是为了
stay out the way 置身事外
panel 专家团
enlist 谋求某人帮助
definitely 毫无疑问地
in one wave after another pour 一波又一波,前赴后继fume 烟气
press for sth 不断要求做某事
press forward on sth 推进某事
prudent 谨慎的,明智的
考研英语阅读理解的50个关键词汇
考研英语阅读理解的50个关键词汇
1.authority权威,当局
Mexican authorities noticed a large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.
墨西哥当局注意到,在成年人中有大量人住院。
One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.
一位权威人士说道,这些极其强大的精神事件不但可以约束,还可以有意识地进行控制。
2.equivalent等价物
The digital credential would be a"voluntary trusted identity"system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key,a fingerprint and a photo ID card.
该数字证书可以成为一个"自愿受信身份"系统,从而成为物理密钥、指纹以及身份证的高科技等价物。
3.alternative替代物
They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at
home a realistic alternative.
2012年考研英语一text4解析
2012年考研英语一text4解析
一、文章概述
2012年考研英语一text4为一篇议论文,作者探讨了高校如何面对学生学术诚信不端的问题,提出了相应的解决方案。文章通过列举案例、分析原因、提出对策的结构,论证了作者的观点。
二、文章结构分析
1.开篇点题:作者提出高校面临学术诚信不端问题,并引用一则案例。
2.分析问题:文章从学术诚信不端的原因角度进行分析,主要是学术压力造成的。
3.解决方案:作者提出了一些解决学术诚信不端问题的建议,包括建立学术诚信意识、营造良好学术环境等。
三、详细内容分析
1. 题目分析:文章题目为“How to Deal with Academic Dishonesty”,作者主要讨论了高校如何面对学术诚信不端问题。
2. 案例分析:文章开篇即列举了一则海外高校教授检测出学生剽窃的
案例,引出了学术诚信的不端问题。
3. 学术压力分析:文章详细分析了学术压力对学生学术诚信不端的影响,认为学术压力下的学生更容易出现不端行为。
4. 建立学术诚信意识:作者提出了针对学术诚信不端问题的解决方案,包括建立学术诚信意识、加强对学术规范的宣传等。
5. 营造良好学术环境:文章着重强调了营造良好学术环境的重要性,
通过举例论证了建立诚信考试、建立学术诚信规范等方式。
四、文章特点
1. 逻辑清晰:文章结构清晰,层层递进,结构严谨。
2. 论据充分:作者通过引用案例、分析原因、提出对策,论证了自己
的观点。
3. 观点明确:作者明确指出高校面对学术诚信不端问题,并提出了一
些解决方案。
五、文章价值
1. 对学生:文章能够引导学生正确对待学术压力,增强学术诚信意识。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2012年考研英语第四篇阅读重要词汇整
理
这是一篇关于某些西方国家中存在的社团和政府组成人员关系的政治性文章,文章总体难度不大,其中的超纲单词也不是很多,这篇文章主要是为大家介绍20个高频重点单词,希望大家在学习中,认真复习和准备相应的词汇。
1. 25unionist ['juːnɪənɪst]
n. 公会成员,联盟成员
【词根记忆】:uni(一)+ on(名词后缀)+ ist(表示人的名词后缀)→同一个机构里的人→公会成员,联盟成员
【真题例句】:If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant.如果贸易公会成员Jimmy Hoffa今天依然在世的话,他可能能够代表公务员成员。(2012年阅读Text 4)
2. 14represent [,rɛprɪ'zɛnt]
vt. 1. 作为的代表(或代理) 2. 表示,象征3. 描绘,表现
【词根记忆】:re(= again)+present (感觉)→另一种感觉,代表别人感觉→代表,象征【短语搭配】:knowledge representation知识表示;知识表达
symbolic representation符号表示;符号表征;符号性表象
【真题例句】:Now, 90 years after the first concession of equal status in our democracy, women are still under represented and, often, under represented in Canadian politics. 现在,在我们民主国家的平等地位获得认可的90年之后,女性在加拿大政界还没有足够的代表权或者说完全没有代表权。(2007年Text 4)
3. 5associate [ə'soʃɪet]
vt. 联想;交往;联合;n. 伙伴;a. 联合的
【词根记忆】:as (to)+ soci (伙伴的)+ ate (动词后缀)→使成为伙伴→伙伴,联想
【短语搭配】:associate professor副教授
associate with v. 联合;与…联系在一起;和…来往
【真题例句】:Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism. 英国劳动党,正如其名字暗示的那样,已经和贸易联盟联合已久。(2012年阅读Text 4)
4. 42position [pə'zɪʃən]
n. 1. 位置,方位2. 地位,职位,职务3. 姿势,姿态4. 见解,立场vt. 安放,放置,安置
【词根记忆】:pose(放置)+tion(名词后缀)→放置得找到正确的位置→放置
【短语搭配】:in position of 管理,负责
【真题例句】:Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.其现任领导Ed Miliband从公共工会那得到的投票使他赢得了自己的职位。(2012年
阅读Text 4)
5. 60influence ['ɪnfluəns]
n.1.影响,影响力 2.产生影响的人(或事物) 3.势力,权势
【词根记忆】:in进去+flu流+ence名词后缀→流进去→影响
【短语搭配】:influence on对…的影响;
influence in干涉
【真题例句】:At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome. 在州一级别他们的影响更是触目惊心。(2012年阅读Text 4)
6. 6budget ['bʌdʒɪt]
n.预算v.做预算
【联想记忆】:bud-花苞,get-得到→在还是花苞的时候就已经孕育着果实,果实可以出售得到钱→做预算
【短语搭配】:project budget 工程预算
【真题例句】:Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s 6budget is patrolled by unions. 加利福尼亚公共政策研究所的Mark Baldassare指出,加州的大部分预算都要经过公会的审查。(2012年阅读Text 4)
7. 5prison ['prɪzn]
n. 监狱
【词根记忆】:pri(抓住)+son(人)→抓到的人都关在这里→监狱
【短语搭配】:in prison坐牢
escape from prison越狱
【真题例句】:The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.教师工会关注学校,CCPOA关注监狱,而大量的工人组织关注健康事业。(2012年阅读Text 4)
8. 15variety [və'raɪəti]
n. 种种,多种多样;种类,品种
【词根记忆】:vari=(vary-转变),ety=ity-(名词后缀)
【短语搭配】:a great variety of 各种各样的
【真题例句】:To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. 现代的考古学家一般依靠系统的调查方法和各种高科技工具、技术手段来找到他们想找的遗址。(2014年阅读新题型)
9. 41benefit ['bɛnɪfɪt]
n.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益
【词根记忆】:bene-词根:好+“fit”与“fic”同源,都来自于“fict”的简写→l利益,好处
【短语搭配】:benefit from得益于
【真题例句】:But the real gains come in benefits and work practices. 但是,真正的收获来源于福利和工作实践。(2012年阅读Text 4)
10. 43achieve [ə'tʃiv]
vt.1.实现,完成2.达到,得到vi.达到预期目的
【词根记忆】:a-前缀:动作化,“chieve”音变自“chief-词根:头”,f浊化为v以做动词→到“头”了→完成
【短语搭配】:achieve perfection 臻于完美