(牛津英语)六年级上语法,江苏地区用
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Unit 1 Public signs
1.always意思是“总是”,表示行为的频率,与also,often,usually,never属一类词,注意与away的区分,两者意思截然不同,away是“离开”的意思,比如stay away from意思是“远离...”
2. public作形容词意思是“公众的,公共的,公用的”,作名词意思是“公众,民众”,in public公开地;当众
3.ask some questions“问一些问题”,ask sb some questions“问某人一些问题”,ask sb some questions about sth“问某人有关......的问题”,ask询问,打听,第三人称单数形式是asks,现在分词是asking,反义词是answer(回答)
4.mean作动词是意味着、意思是的意思,作形容词是“卑鄙的,吝啬的”what does it/this/that/this sign mean?-It/This/That/This sign means you should/shouldn`t ......
What do they mean? -They mean you should/shouldn`t......
5.must表必须,语气很强硬,它的否定形式为must not=mustn`t
6.Be quiet保持安静=keep quiet,两个意思一样
7.No+动词ing=don`t +动词原形,所以有no smoking=don`t smoke,no littering= don`t litter,no parking=don`t park,no calling=don`t call,no climbing=don`t climb......
8.danger是名词,表示危险,它的形容词是dangerous
9.Pick it up把它捡起来,其中的人称代词的宾格要放在pick 和up的中间,如pick them up,但如果是名词,既可以放中间,也可以放up的后面,pick flowers意为“摘花”
10.Point to指向...He points to the sign on the grass.他指着草地上的标志牌
11.fine意为罚款。
You should fine a ten-yuan note.你应该罚款10元
12.give sb sth=give sth to sb,给某人某物或把某物给某人
13.make noise是be quiet的反义词,意为喧闹
14.Keep off the grass=don`t walk on the grass意为禁止践踏草坪
15.The park keeper公园管理员或守卫员
本章重要语法
1.决定动词加s或es的三种情况:(1)主语为第三人称时,第三人称包括it,he,she(2)主语为单数名词“a/an/the+单数名词”时或者主语为不可数名词,如bread,juice等(3)专有名词,如人名:Mr Smith,Nancy,地名Nanjing,China,自然万物Sun,earth等等
2.there be 句型,表示“存在有”,be动词的单复数取决于后面的名词的单复数,并且遵循就近原则,例句:there is an orange and two apples on the desk=there are two apples and an orange on the desk两个句子都对,根据就近原则,谁靠be近决定be用单还是复,注意特殊情况:a pair of shoes是当做整体的,故要用be的单数is
3.how many ......are there in the ......?(在...地方有多少......)提问时,要用there be句型回答
4.
代词第一人称第二人称第三人称
人称代词主格I we you你you你们it he/she 宾格me us you you it him/her
形容词性物主代词my我的our我们
的
your你的your你们
的
its它的his/her他
的/她的
名词性物主代词mine我
的东西
ours我们
的东西
yours你
的东西
yours你
们的东西
its它的
东西
his/hers
他/她的
东西
5.can I do sth?-Yes,you can/No,you can`t,you should do...
6.Be动词+动词ing表示正在进行的事情,如He is flying a kite on the playground now这种时态的时间标志就是now,看到now就得用现在进行时
Unit2 Ben`s birthday
1、
one two three four five ... nine twelve
基数词(表
数量)
first second third fourth fifth ... ninth twelfth
序数词(表
顺序)
twenty Twenty-one Twenty-two ... ninety
twentieth Twenty-first Twenty-second ... ninetieth
2.January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December一年一到十二月,注意开头字母必须大写
3.Have a birthday party意为“举办一个生日聚会”,have在这里为举办的意思,我们已经学过have的意思有“吃”have an apple,“拥有,占有”I have a good Mummy!
4.Would you like to do=want to do“想要做某事”,would you like sth=want sth“想要某物”,肯定回答要用Yes,I`d like to do或Yes,I`d like sth或Yes,please!否定回答用No,thanks
5.当表示具体时间时,我们用介词on,on the 20th of October,当表示一个时间的大致范围时,我们用介词in,in May (在五月,并未只具体哪一天),又如in the morning/on the morning of Saturday
6.What time=when,when用来询问时间,when does he go to the zoo?/when`s your birthday?-My birthday is on the......用what time来询问的有what time is it?用来询问几点钟,这样回答It`s......o`clock.而what date is it today?-It`s......而what day is it today?-It`s Saturday回答一定是星期几。
(记住哦,国外人一般一周是从这周周日到下周周六算一周,所以有Friday is the sixth day of a week的说法!)
7.It`s time for...该做某事的时候了,或`it`s time to do sth
8.On the phone在电话里,我们不用in
9.A cake with lots of grapes意为一个有许多葡萄的蛋糕
10.The doorbell is ringing意为门铃响了
11.At one`s birthday party意为在某人的生日聚会上,我们用at不用in表示小地点
12.Take off his costume/take his costume off“脱下他的化妆服”,take off还有意思是飞机起飞,如this plane will take off soon飞机一会就起飞了!(注意哦,take off 后接代词时,代词只能放中间,这与pick it up是一样的,take it off)
13.Fold it in half意为从中间对折
14.Take a piece of paper意为拿出一张纸,take表示拿出,如take sth out of...从...处拿出某物
15.在表示几月几号的时候有两种说法:the fifth of May或者May the fifth或者the 5th of May
16.Talk to/with sb和某人交谈。
Talk with sb. about sth和某人谈论某事
Unit3 It was there!
1.excited/exciting excited意为“激动的、兴奋的”,主语为人,sb be excited,而exciting意为“令人激动的、令人兴奋的”主语为物,sth be exciting
2.表示方位的介词有:behind-in front of, on-under, above-below, up-down, in-off
3.表示过去的时间短语:just now, a moment ago,at once,three days ago,long long ago,the day before yesterday,last night,last year等,看到这些词,一定用过去式
4.关于be动词的过去式只有两个:was/were。
第一人称和第三人称单数用was,第二人称和第三人称复数、主语为复数名词时用were
肯定形式:I was.../You were.../He,She,It was.../We,You,They were...。
否定形式:I was not=I wasn`t.../You were not=You weren`t/He,She,It was not=He,She,It wasn`t.../We,You,They were not=We,You,They weren`t...
一般疑问句形式及其肯定否定回答:
Was I...?Yes,you were./No,you weren`t.
Were you...?Yes,I was./No,I wasn`t.
Was he/she/it ...?Yes,he/she/it was./No,he/she/it wasn`t.
Were they...?Yes,they were./No,they weren`t.
特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他成分,如Where were you yesterday?
5.当请求别人帮忙的时候,我们可以说:Can you...for me?如:Can you open the door for me?Can you pick it up for me?
6.当征求别人别人意见,问别人“我可以干...吗?”用Can I do...?如:Can I have a book?Can I have an ice cream?
7.同为“寻找”的意思,look for表示找的过程,并不一定找到了!find侧重表示找到这个结果
8.Where is...?表示物就用It`s...回答,表示人就用He`s/She`s...,过去式就对应的将is/are改成was/were.
例如:Where is the football? Where are they chatting with each other?
It`s under the bed. They are chatting in Ben`s bedroom.
语法:一般过去式就是表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,(表过去的时间状语见上),也表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作,常和often,always等表示频率的时间状语连用。
例如:I was late this morning.我今天早上迟到了
I went to the park yesterday.昨天我去参加聚会了
They always went to work by bus when they lived in Beijing.
Unit 4 Review and check(单词与词组巩固)
2.意指不同的事情____________________
1.公共标志______________________________
3.有许多问题_______________________
4.远离____________________
5.禁止践踏草坪____________________
6.在草地上行走____________________
7.喧闹____________________ 8.散步____________________
9.罚款一张十元的钞票____________________ 10.环顾四周____________________
11.一个公园的看守人____________________ 12.走到跟前____________________
13.指向____________________ 14.把某物给某人/给某人某物____________________ 15.大眼睛的男孩____________________ 16.穿着长裙的女士____________________
17.放学一起回家____________________ 18.想要做某事____________________
19.在电话里____________________ 20.拜访某人____________________
21.等着瞧____________________ 22.脱下他的化妆服____________________
23.吹灭蜡烛____________________ 24.该是做某事的时候了____________________
25.做一张生日卡片____________________ 26.拿出一张纸____________________
27.一个有许多葡萄的蛋糕____________________ 28.今天一大早____________________
29.体育运动日____________________ 30.所有的学生____________________
31.非常兴奋____________________ 32.观看游泳比赛____________________
33.拍一些照片____________________ 34.寻找____________________
35.片刻之前____________________ 36.刚才____________________
37.在地上____________________ 38.把他们捡起来____________________
39.一副眼镜____________________ 40.尽量记住____________________
41.一卷胶卷____________________ 42.在五月____________________
43.在六月十八日____________________ 44.和某人谈论某事____________________
45.鸟笼上的标志____________________ 46.禁止停车/禁止吃喝/保持安静/禁止乱扔垃圾/禁止打电话/禁止触摸/禁止吸烟/危险!___________________________________________________________________ 47.关于...知道很多____________________ 48.使不靠近____________________
49.这个标志什么意思?-它的意思是我们不应该给动物园里的猴子喂香蕉。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
50.公园里有好多公共标志啊!____________________________________________________________
51.你愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗?____________________________________________________________
52.你想要一张日本卡通的光盘吗?____________________________________________________________
53.让我们等一会儿看吧____________________________________________________________
54.今天是几月几日?-今天是7月2日。
____________________________________________________________
55.今天是星期几?-今天是星期四。
____________________________________________________________
56.现在几点了?-现在是下午2点50分。
____________________________________________________________
57.你的生日是哪一天啊?-我的生日是8月17日。
______________________________________________________
58.门铃响了____________________________________________________________
59.我的钱包在哪里?-它不在桌上了,刚才它还在这里的。
哦,原来它在桌子底下!__________________________________________________________________________________________________
60.你能为我捡起它们吗?________________________________________
61.今天是体育运动日________________________________________
62.写出1,2,3,4,5,8,9,12,15,20,21,22,23,25,30,80的序数词
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 5 On the farm
重点单词:
1.holiday节日复数:holidays(不用去y变i加es)同义词:vacation(美), festival
词组:on holiday/ go on a holiday度假/去度假;summer holiday/winter holiday暑假/寒假
st最近刚过去的;最后的反义词:first
词组:last week上周;last summer holiday上一个暑假;the Last Day世界末日
3.early早的;初期的(形容词)/早地(副词)反义词:late
词组:the early morning一大早;in early spring早春I got up early today.
4.meet遇到词形变换:现在分词:meeting;第三人称单数:meets;过去式:met
词组:Nice to meet you! sport meeting运动会
5.before在…之前(时间);做副词时为“从前”同义词:ago/反义词:after
词组:before nine o`clock九点之前/the day before yesterday前天He arrived here before me.
k作动词“挤奶”词形变换:现在分词:milking/第三人称单数:milks/过去式:milked
词组:milk cows挤奶/a glass of milk一杯牛奶(不可数名词)
7.fun(名词)有趣的事/(形容词)有趣的,好笑的近义词:interesting funny
8.pick采摘词形变换:现在分词:picking/第三人称单数:picks/过去式:picked
词组:pick it/them up 把它/它们捡起来pick flowers/orange/fruit摘花/橘子/水果
9.pull拉出来,向上拔词形变换:现在分词:pulling/第三人称单数:pulls/过去式:pulled
词组:pull it/them up把它/它们拔出来
10.camp (名词)营地;(动词)野营词组:at a camp 在一个营地;go camping去野营(go+doing表示去干什么
事情,如go swimming去游泳;go walking去散步,也可写成go for a walk或talk a walk散步)
11.mountain大山,高山复数:mountains 同义词:hill(通常指小山)
词组:在山中我们用介词in而不是on,in the mountain
12. taste品尝词形变换:现在分词:tasting/第三人称单数:tastes/过去式:tasted
词组:taste nice味道好
重点语法:
1.在unit3的基础上,过去时态谓语动词用助动词did(do/does的过去式)来表示,无论主语怎么变化都用did。
一般疑问句:Did you like watering the flowers on the farm?-No, I didn`t. /Yes , I did.
特殊疑问句:What/When/Where/Why/Which/How did you…-I/We did…
What else did you do…? 加else表示“还”做了什么
Did做助动词时后面跟行为动词,而was/were表示“是…/在…”后接形容词、介词、副词
2.动词的过去式:
(1)规则动词的过去式词尾变化:①加ed, watched, planted等②以不发音的e结尾的加d, like d③以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed,如study-studied等④闭音节词且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个字母再加ed,如stopped, chatted等
(2)不规则动词的过去式没有规律,记住这些特殊的变化,如:is/am-was,are-were,do/does-did,have/has-had,make-made,fly-flew,eat-ate,sit-sat
3.there be “存在有…”句型的过去时态肯定是there was/were 否定是there was not/there were not
There was some milk in the fridge just now. But there isn`t any now.
Unit 6 Holidays
重点词组:
1.在圣诞节:on Christmas Day/at Christmas;圣诞树:Christmas tree;圣诞礼物:Christmas present;圣诞快乐:Merry Christmas!
2.在...节日,festival前用at,day前用on,如,在元旦节:on the New Year`s Day;在五一节:on May Day;在国庆节on National Day;在万圣节on Easter;在儿童节:on Children`s Day。
at Mid-Autumn Festival/at Spring Festival/at Dragon Boat Festival在中秋节/在春节/在端午节
3.serve people为人民服务
4.as also同样地/not only...but also不仅...而且... People usually watch the moon, and also eat moon cakes at Mid-Autumn Festival.在中秋节,人们通常赏月,也吃月饼。
5.visit relatives and friends走亲访友
6.eat chocolate eggs吃巧克力蛋
7.play with lanterns玩灯笼
8.dragon boat race龙舟赛
9.eat rice dumpling吃粽子
10.dress up in costumes盛装打扮
11.have a big lunch吃一顿丰盛的午餐
12.with my family和家人一起(注意介词with)/spend time with their family与家人共度时光
13.my favourite holiday我最喜爱的节日
14.eat moon cakes吃月饼/watch the moon赏月
15.a popular holiday一个受欢迎的节日
16.come after在...之后来或随后/come before在...之前来
17.go to parties 去参加聚会(party变成复数要去y变i加es!)
18.make pumpkin lanterns做南瓜灯
19.give presents to your friends给朋友送礼(give sb sth/give sth to sb!)
20.be coming表示“...就要来到”,事情并未发生,意指将来!Ben`s birthday is coming.(就要到了但还没到) 21.get very excited变得非常兴奋
重点句型与语法:
1.What holiday comes after/before...?用来询问在某个节日之后/之前是什么节日,比如What holiday comes before
May Day?-Spring Festival and New Year`s Day
2.What do people usually do...?用来询问人们在节日期间都怎么庆祝,用一般现在时,比如What do people usually
do at Spring Festival?
3.When is ...?用来询问某个节日是什么时候,比如When is the Dragon Boat Festival?-It`s in May
4.What`s your favourite holiday?用来询问对方最喜欢的节日
5.Do/does/did you/he/she/they/sb do sth?用来询问对方是否做了什么事情?回答用Yes,sb do/does/did./No, sb
don`t/doesn`t/didn`t.
Unit 7 At Christmas
重点词组:
1.in front of在...前面,反义词:behind
2.ask questions问问题反义词:answer questions回答问题answer the phone接电话
3.at the back of...在...(内部)后面反义词:in the front of在...(内部)前面
4.open the presents for me为我把礼物打开
5.so many presents/so much food如此多的礼物/如此多的食物(可数名词前用many,不可数名词前用much)
6.not at all/ You`re welcome!别客气,没关系
7.from Grandma祖母送的
8.get on上车/get off下车
9. a police station警察局,派出所
10.look at this present看一看这件礼物
11.have got two presents from Mum and Dad从爸妈那儿得到两件礼物(have+done表示现在完成时)
12.keep a diary记日记(diary变成复数要去y变i加es,diaries!)
13.beside在...旁边(介词) 近义词:next/next to
14.nobody没有人,做主语时,谓语动词要加s或es,如Nobody knows him.谁也不了解他。
反义词:everybody
所有人
15.here they are!他们在这!举例:There my Mum`s rabbit is!妈妈的兔子在那!
重点句型和语法:
1.人称代词的几种类型见Unit1讲义
2.Whose skirts are they?用来询问东西是谁的?回答They`re mine/yours/his/hers/theirs(名词性物主代词)
3.Who are the presents from?这些礼物谁送的?回答They`re from me/you/him/her/them(宾格)
4.Open mine for me.帮我打开我的礼物。
“mine”=“my present”,名词性物主代词就等于形容词性物主代词+名
词
5.The letter is from my cousin.=The letter comes from my cousin.这封信来自我堂弟。
“be from=come from”,表示“来
自...”。