名词性从句总结Document
名词性从句总结
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语,形容词宾语等。
因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主要考查语序问题,连接词的选用,时态呼应等。
◆名词性从句的共同点:1)主句和从句之间不能用逗号隔开2)从句部分用陈述句语序◆引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether ,if 不充当从句的任何成分连接代词:what, whatever( anything that), who, whom,whoever (anyone who), whose, which,whichever连接副词:when, where, how, why一. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
That she is still alive is a miracle.It doesn’t matter whether they will come or not.It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.Whichever book you like would be bought for you as a present.Whatever I do is for the good of you.Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.When we should close the shop on the holiday has not been decided. Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.It is known to us how he became a writer.Why he did so has not been clear.★有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语,而把主语从句置于句末。
高考名词性从句知识点总结
高考名词性从句知识点总结高考是每个学生在学习过程中都会经历的一次重要考试。
在语文科目中,名词性从句是一个常见的考点。
名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的从句,可以充当主语、宾语、表语或者介词宾语。
下面就来总结一下高考中常见的名词性从句知识点。
1. 主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, what, which, how等。
例如:- That he is innocent is beyond doubt.(他无辜是毫无疑问的)- Whether/if she will come to the party is still uncertain.(她是否会来参加派对还不确定。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例如:- I believe that love can change the world.(我相信爱可以改变世界。
)- I don't know whether/if he will come or not.(我不知道他是否会来。
)3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例如:- My dream is that I can travel around the world.(我的梦想是我可以环游世界。
)- The question is whether/if she will accept the offer.(问题是她是否会接受这个提议。
)4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明一个名词或代词,常用的引导词有:that, whether/if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
(完整版)名词性从句知识点总结
(完整版)名词性从句知识点总结名词性从句知识点总结名词性从句是指在复合句中充当名词的从句。
它可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
以下是名词性从句的几个重要知识点:主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色。
它引导的从句通常由关联词that引导,但有时可以省略。
例如:- That he stole the money is a fact.宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色。
它通常由关联词that引导,但也可以由其他关联词如whether, if, who, whom等引导。
例如:- She asked me if I had finished my homework.if I had finished my homework.- I wonder whether he will pass the exam.whether he will pass the exam.表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色。
表语从句通常由关联词that引导,但有时也可以由其他关联词如whether, if, what等引导。
例如:- His biggest concern is that he might lose his job.that he might lose his job.- The question is what we should do next.what we should do next.同位语从句同位语从句在句子中充当同位语的角色,用来解释或说明名词的具体内容。
同位语从句通常由关联词that引导,但也可以由其他关联词如whether, if等引导。
例如:- The fact that he lied to us is very disappointing.that he lied to us is very disappointing.- My hope is that we can find a solution to the problem.that we can find a solution to the problem.以上是名词性从句的一些常见知识点总结。
名词性从句知识点总结
名词性从句知识点总结名词性从句是一种相当于名词的句子,可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。
根据其在句子中的作用,可以分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
名词性从句的连接词包括连接代词(如who、whose、whom、what、which)、连接副词(如when、where、why、how)和连接词(如that、whether、if、as if)。
其中,连接代词和连接副词在从句中担任成分,而连接词that在从句中不担任成分,只起连接作用。
在使用时,应根据句义选择合适的连接词。
主语从句是一种作为复合句主语的名词性从句。
它可以放在句首或句尾,也可以用形式主语it代替,将主语从句放在句末。
常见的主语从句句型包括it+be+形容词+that从句、it+be+名词词组+that从句和it+be+过去分词+that从句。
在使用主语从句时,需要注意使用正确的连词和语态。
Mr。
Green has XXX.It appears that Alice will not be attending the party.XXX.The n of the meeting is XXX.It is important to note that when a subordinate clause is used as the subject。
the verb should be in the third person singular form.What we need is more time and money.XXX he left or not is unknown.XXX that can be used to introduce a subject clause: XXX "that")。
XXX (such as "whether")。
and relative pronouns and adverbs (such as "what" and "when").It was clear from their XXX were indeed sisters.It is still unclear whether he will come here or not.What she did has yet to be XXX.It is XXX.Everyone is e。
(完整word版)名词性从句用法详解文档
高一语法专题:名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句.名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的词叫做连接词,包括:1。
连词(在名词性从句中只起连接作用,不作成分)2。
连接代词(在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语)3。
连接副词(在名词性从句中作状语)I 主语从句:是在主句中作主语的从句.它由连接词引导,通常位于谓语动词之前.连接词:1。
连词:在从句中不充当任何成分,常见的引导主语从句的连词有that,whether。
That he got the first prize excited him much.他获得一等奖一事使他非常兴奋.It is doubtful whether we can get there on time。
我们能否按时到达那儿还不确定.1)that引导的主语从句:在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义。
一般情况下that不可省略.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知,光沿直线传播。
That you don’t like him is none of my business。
你不喜欢他不关我的事。
2importance.他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。
Whether you can succeed or not depends on howhard you work at it.你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。
2.连接代词:在从句中起名词或代词的作用,常作从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语,有具体意义且不能省略.常见的连接代词有who, whom,whose, what,which,whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever。
What we should do with the problem is undecided.我们如何处理这个问题还未作出决定。
名词性从句知识点总结
名词性从句知识点总结一、名词性从句作主语名词性从句可以作为主语,通常由关系代词引导,包括 that, who, whom, whose, which 等。
例如:1. What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)2. Whoever comes late will be punished.(谁迟到谁受惩罚。
)二、名词性从句作宾语名词性从句可以作及物动词的宾语,常由连接词 that, if, whether 等引导。
例如:1. He said that he would come.(他说他会来。
)2. I don’t know whether she is coming.(我不知道她是否会来。
)三、名词性从句作表语名词性从句可以作表语,通常由连接词 that, whether, who 等引导。
例如:1. The problem is whether we should go.(问题是我们是否要去。
)2. My hope is that you can help me.(我的希望是你能帮助我。
)四、名词性从句作定语名词性从句可以作定语,通常由关系代词引导,包括 that, who, whom, whose, which 等。
例如:1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的书非常有趣。
)2. The girl who is standing there is my sister.(站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
)五、名词性从句作同位语名词性从句可以作同位语,通常由连接词 that 引导。
例如:1. The news that she has passed the exam is exciting.(她通过考试的消息让人兴奋。
)2. The fact that he is leaving surprises me.(他要走的事实让我感到惊讶。
名词性从句总结
名词性从句总结名词性从句是一个句子,在句子中充当其他句子成分的词组。
它作为名词的补充,可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句在句子中起着重要的作用,可以使句子结构更加复杂丰富。
下面将对名词性从句的种类、结构和用法进行总结。
一、名词性从句的种类名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
它们在句子中的作用不同,下面将对它们进行详细的介绍。
1. 主语从句主语从句作为句子的主语,通常以“that”引导,也可以用“whether/if”引导。
例如:- That he is late is very frustrating. (他迟到了很令人沮丧。
)- Whether she can come or not is still uncertain. (她是否能来还不确定。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句作为句子的宾语,通常以“that”引导,也可以用“whether/if”引导。
例如:- I hope that you can join us for the party. (我希望你能参加我们的派对。
)- He doesn't know whether he should go or not. (他不知道他是否应该去。
)3. 表语从句表语从句作为句子的表语,通常以“that”引导,也可以用“whether/if”引导。
例如:- His main concern is that he won't pass the exam. (他最担心的是他不会通过考试。
)- The question is whether we should continue or stop. (问题是我们是继续还是停下来。
)4. 同位语从句同位语从句修饰前面的名词,通常以“that”引导,也可以用“whether/if”引导。
例如:- The news that he won the competition is exciting. (他赢得比赛的消息令人兴奋。
名词性从句语法总结
名词性从句语法总结名词性从句是在句子中充当名词成分的从句,它可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和定语从句。
在使用名词性从句时,需要注意从句的引导词和从句本身的语法结构。
下面对名词性从句的语法规则进行总结:1. 主语从句。
主语从句在句子中充当主语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)。
Whether we can go camping depends on the weather.(我们能否去野营取决于天气。
)。
2. 宾语从句。
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:I know who did it.(我知道是谁干的。
)。
She asked me where I was going.(她问我要去哪里。
)。
3. 表语从句。
表语从句在句子中充当表语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which 等引导。
例如:The problem is that we don't have enough time.(问题在于我们没有足够的时间。
)。
Her wish is that she can travel around the world.(她的愿望是能够环游世界。
)。
4. 定语从句。
定语从句在句子中充当定语成分,用来修饰某个名词或代词。
常常由连接词that, who, whom, whose, which, when, where 等引导。
完整word版名词性从句归纳
Vision 语法归纳—名词性从句名词性从句归纳一、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,其功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句需要由不同的关联词来引导,和主句相连。
首,that通常不省略)→That she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.●以从属连词whether 引导的主语从句。
(从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether)→Whether we'll go outing depends on the weather.●以连接代词(what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever等词)引导的主语从句。
→Whoever will be in charge of the project hasn't been decided yet.【注】what 与that在引导主语从句时,what 不但起连接作用,而且还有具体意义,意为“所…的”,相当于the things that结构;而that则无词义。
即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时,选择that,否则用what。
●以连接副词(when,where, how, why 等词)引导的主语从句.→When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it 作形式主语的主语从句注:以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语:⑴It is + adj. + that 从句常见的形容词有:necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange 等。
It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow. →⑵It is + noun + that 从句常接这种句型的名词有:a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳名词性从句是指在句子中作名词角色的句子,可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类。
第一类是从属连词,包括that、whether和if。
在宾语从句或表语从句中,that 有时可以省略。
第二类是连接代词,包括what、who、which 等。
这些代词在从句中做成分,不可以省略。
第三类是连接副词,如when、where、how等,也不可以省略。
在一些情况下,that可以省略,如定语从句中做宾语、引导宾语从句或表语从句时。
但在定语从句中做主语、由that引导同位语从句时,以及宾语从句中真正的that不可以省略的情况下,that不能省略。
主语从句是指作句子主语的从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that、whether等,连接代词what、who、which等,以及连接副词how、when、where等引导。
2、连接词的使用:连接词在句子中起到连接的作用,其中that在句子中没有实际的意义,只是起到连接从句和主句的作用。
而连接代词和连接副词则在句子中既保留了自己的疑问含义,又起到连接从句和主句的作用,同时在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如,whom和who指人,what指物,而XXX和whoever则表示泛指意义。
举个例子,What he wants to tell us is not clear.表示他想告诉我们什么并不清楚。
另外,为了避免句子头重脚轻的情况,有时我们会用形式主语it代替主语从句,并将主语从句放在句末。
这种情况下,主语从句后的谓语动词一般使用单数形式。
常用的句型有:(1)It + be +名词+ that从句,如It is a fact that(事实是);(2)It + be +动词的过去分词+ that从句,如It is said that(据说);(3)It +不及物动词(vi)+ that从句,如It seems that (似乎);(4)It + be +形容词+ that从句,如It is naturalthat(很自然)。
名词性从句总结
名词性从句总结-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语,形容词宾语等。
因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主要考查语序问题,连接词的选用,时态呼应等。
◆名词性从句的共同点:1)主句和从句之间不能用逗号隔开2)从句部分用陈述句语序◆引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether ,if 不充当从句的任何成分连接代词:what, whatever( anything that), who, whom, whoever (anyone who), whose, which,whichever连接副词:when, where, how, why一 . 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
That she is still alive is a miracle.It doesn’t matter whether they will come or not.It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.Whichever book you like would be bought for you as a present.Whatever I do is for the good of you.Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.When we should close the shop on the holiday has not been decided. Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.It is known to us how he became a writer.Why he did so has not been clear.★有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语,而把主语从句置于句末。
名词性从句语法总结(必备4篇)
1.宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
2.宾语从句的引导词有三种:(1)以that引导的宾语从句:that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句:从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。
whether和if意为“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
(3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句:此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由wh-开头的疑问词引导。
包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how,why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。
例如:Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?请问我们得走哪个门?He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
名词性从句总结归纳讲课文档
sure, afraid, glad等)作表语时,后面所跟
的省略 that 的从句也可算是宾语从句。 ❖I’m sorry (that) I don’t know. ❖We’re sure (that) our team will win. ❖I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam.
6. We will discuss the problem whether the sports meeting be held on time .
7. I have no idea when he will be back .
8.We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation .
(_主__语__从__句__ )
第五页,共25页。
5.The teacher suggested that he (should) read the novel .(
______)宾语从句
6.I will tell you why I was late for the meeting .
(宾__语___从_ 句)
第二十一页,共25页。
练一练: if / whether
1. I asked her _if__/ _w_h_e_t_h_e_r__ she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about ____w_h__e_thheeris safe. 3. I don’t know w__h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is well or not. 4. I don’t know w__h_e_t_h_e_rto go.
(完整word版)名词性从句归纳,推荐文档
名词性从句归纳一、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句,其功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、主语从句1、主语从句的类别●以从属连词that 引导的主语从句。
(从句位于句首,that通常不省略)→ That she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.●以从属连词whether 引导的主语从句。
(从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether)→ Whether we’ll go outing depends on the weath er.●以连接代词(what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever等词)引导的主语从句。
→ Whoever will be in charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet.【注】what 与that在引导主语从句时,what 不但起连接作用,而且还有具体意义,意为“所…的”,相当于the things that结构;而that则无词义。
即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时,选择that,否则用what。
●以连接副词(when,where, how, why 等词)引导的主语从句.→ When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it 作形式主语的主语从句注:以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语:⑴ It is + adj. + that 从句常见的形容词有:necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange 等。
→ It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.⑵ It is + noun + that 从句常接这种句型的名词有:a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。
最新名词性从句知识点总结(word)
最新名词性从句知识点总结(word)一、名词性从句1. is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:明显正确的做法就是给所有的孩子提供平等发展特殊才能的机会。
连接词引导一个主语从句,并在主语从句中做句子的主语,故选D。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句。
2.________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.A. As; whoseB. It; whoseC. As; whomD. It; whom【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我们都知道,那位老科学家,过去生活很艰苦,到了八十多岁还在努力工作。
第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型,意为“众所周知…”;第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,先行词the old scientist指人,作介词for的宾语,只能用whom,故选D。
【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句,本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。
3.In the past decade, our education system too much on grades. However, grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question.A. focused; whetherB. focused; ifC. has focused; whetherD. has focused; if【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查时态和主语从句。
名词性从句知识点总结
名词性从句知识点总结名词性从句是一个句子成分,它在句子中充当名词的角色。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
它们的作用是替代名词,在句子中担任名词的成分,从而使句子更加丰富多彩,表达更加准确清晰。
下面将对名词性从句的知识点进行总结。
1. 主语从句。
主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色,常常由连接词that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等引导。
例如:What she said is true.(她说的是真的。
)。
Whether he will come is uncertain.(他是否会来是不确定的。
)。
2. 宾语从句。
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的角色,常常由连接词that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等引导。
例如:I know that she is coming.(我知道她要来。
)。
He asked me if I could help him.(他问我能否帮他。
)。
3. 表语从句。
表语从句在句子中充当表语的角色,常常由连接词that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等引导。
例如:The fact is that he is ill.(事实是他生病了。
)。
The question is whether we should go or not.(问题是我们是否应该去。
)。
4. 同位语从句。
同位语从句是对名词进行解释、说明的从句,常常由连接词that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等引导。
例如:The news that he won the prize made us happy.(他获奖的消息让我们很高兴。
)。
The idea whether we should have a party is being discussed.(我们是否应该举办聚会的想法正在讨论中。
名词性从句知识点总结(word)1
名词性从句知识点总结(word)1一、名词性从句1.________ manners are very important in every country is known to all,but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are.A. That; whatB. That; thatC. What; thatD. What; what【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:众说周知,礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的,但是麻烦是,不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。
逗号前有两个谓语动词,一个是are,一个是is known,故是两句话,需填连词连接这两句话,根据句意可知,前面是主语从句,故填that,此处的that,只起连接作用不作任何成分。
about是介词,其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来,所缺词作are的表语,故填what。
因此选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。
2.It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.A. what thatB. whichC. thatD. that what【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:有人指出,驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。
本句时一个主语从句,it作形式主语,真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.,主语从句中又有一个主语从句,且此主语从句中缺少主语,所以用what引导。
名词性从句知识点总结(word文档物超所值)
名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
(一)引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
注意:1、连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。
2、不可省略的连词:(1)介词后的连词(2)引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.(二)主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.主要句型有:(1)It+be+形容词+that从句。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
(2)It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。
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名词性从句一.在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。
名词性从句是英语中的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分);连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which;连接副词when,where,how,why。
主语从句1.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。
例如:a) What you said yesterday is right.b) That she is still alive is a consolation2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+从句It is a fact that …事实是…It is an honor that …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识(2) It is +形容词+从句It is natural that…很自然…It is strange that…奇怪的是…(3) It is +不及物动词+从句It seems that…似乎…It happened that…碰巧…It appears that…似乎…(4) It +过去分词+从句It is reported that…据报道…It has been proved that…已证实…It is said that…据说…主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
3. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
例如:a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。
(强调句型)d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。
(强调句型)4. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况:(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.错误表达:Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?错误表达:Is that will rain in the evening likely?5.常考考点:从句作主语时的谓语动词形式主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语,谓语动词用单数;如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用单数。
用所给词的适当形式填空:①That the president is coming ________(excite) all of us.②How close parents are to their children ________(have)a strong influence on their character.③When and where the meeting will be held ____________(not decide) yet.【答案】①excites②has③isn't decided/hasn't been decided二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如:I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如:a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。
例如:She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语,例如:Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语,例如:I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意:that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。
也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语it 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
例如:We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。
这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。
如:正确表达:I admire their winning the match.错误表达:I admire that they won the match.6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。
例如:正确表达:He impressed the manager as an honest man.错误表达:He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.7. 否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
例如:I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
8常考考点:宾语从句的时态和语序宾语从句中的时态要注意呼应。
当主句中的谓语是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同的时态。
当主句中的谓语是过去时态,从句则要用相应的过去时态(如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等);当从句表示的是客观真理、科学真理、自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
宾语从句语序要用陈述语序(what is/was the matter除外)。
①The photographs will show you ________.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like②Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is③Hello,I didn't know you ________(be) in London. How long have you been here?④I thought he ________(be) coming tomorrow.⑤The teacher told us that light ________(travel) at a very high speed.【答案】①B②D③were④was⑤travels三. 表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。