英语阅读 20131030

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2013年英语1阅读

2013年英语1阅读In 2013, English Reading Comprehension 1 was a challenging task for many students. The test aimed to assess their reading skills and comprehension abilities in the English language. Throughout the exam, candidates were required to read a variety of passages and answer questions based on their understanding of the text. This article will analyze the format and content of the 2013 English Reading Comprehension 1 test, providing insights into the types of questions and passages used.The 2013 English Reading Comprehension 1 test consisted of five passages, each followed by a set of questions. The passages varied in length and complexity, covering a range of topics such as science, literature, history, and social issues. The questions were presented in multiple-choice format, requiring candidates to select the most appropriate answer among the provided options.One of the passages in the test focused on the topic of climate change. It provided information about the causes and consequences of global warming, as well as potential solutions to mitigate its effects. The associated questions assessed candidates' ability to comprehend scientific terminology and understand cause-and-effect relationships.Another passage examined the theme of gender equality. It discussed the progress made in promoting gender equality around the world and highlighted the challenges that still exist. The questions related to this passage tested candidates' understanding of social issues and their ability to analyze different perspectives.In addition to these content-based questions, the test also included questions that tested candidates' inferential and critical thinking skills. These questions required candidates to make inferences based on contextual information and draw conclusions from the passages. For example, candidates might be asked to identify the author's purpose or evaluate the validity of a statement based on evidence provided in the passage.The 2013 English Reading Comprehension 1 test aimed to assess candidates' overall reading skills, including their ability to understand main ideas, identify supporting details, and draw logical conclusions. To succeed in this test, candidates needed strong reading comprehension abilities, as well as the ability to quickly and accurately process information.To prepare for the test, candidates should engage in regular reading practice. This can include reading English-language books, newspapers, magazines, and online articles. By exposing themselves to a wide range of texts, candidates can develop their vocabulary and reading speed, as well as their ability to understand different writing styles and genres. Practicing answering comprehension questions is also crucial, as it helps candidates become familiar with the types of questions they may encounter on the test.In conclusion, the 2013 English Reading Comprehension 1 test was designed to assess candidates' reading skills and comprehension abilities. The test consisted of five passages covering various topics, with questions that tested candidates' understanding, inference-making, and critical thinking skills. To perform well on this test, candidates needed to have a solid foundation in reading comprehension, as well as the ability to analyze and interpret written information accurately and efficiently. Regular readingpractice and targeted preparation can significantly improve candidates' performance in this type of exam.。

2013年高考英语试题分类汇编故事类阅读理解 Word版含解析

2013年高考英语试卷分类汇编之故事类阅读理解（2013年高考北京卷）BTail SpinTwo dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park.The smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turningaround and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thingabout her, however, i s that she’s even swimming at all. She doesn’t have a tail.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trai ner, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it --- but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way---like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side.The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create aman-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her.The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not atall. “The tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).”Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage.60. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ______.A. physical buildB. potential abilityC. chance of survivalD. adaptation to the surroundings.61. A man-made tail is created for Grace to ______.A. let her recover fasterB. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimmingD. help her perform better tricks62. The story of Grace inspires people to ______.A. stick to their dreamsB. treat animals friendlyC. treasure what they haveD. face difficulties bravely(2013年高考福建卷)AWhen I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being "replaced". We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything—so most of the “new" stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost. But not my ring. My ring was new. Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift-giving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “You’ll recognize this one," she said, smiling.Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me.56. The underlined word "in" in the first paragraph probably means "_____".A. fashionableB. availableC. practicalD. renewable57. When she got the ring back, the writer was about _____.A. 13 years oldB. 15 years oldC. 26 years oldD. 28 years old58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The writer's family moved several times.B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring.C. The writer's ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.D. The writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.59. What would be the best title for the passage?A. My New RingB. Lost and FoundC. Lost and ReplacedD. An Expensive RingDPride and Prejudice for the Modern WomanLet us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen's most famous work,might be updated, 200 years on.Austen's popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here's my own suggestion. . .It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.“My dear husband," said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman?"Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not. "But it is, it is," she replied excitedly. Mr Dull-Husband made no reply."Don't you want to know her plans?" she cried with some impatience."Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head... so I'd better listen.”"Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England, though how a woman can know anything about that is beyond me. She will move in herself next month. "What is her name?" "Bingley.”"Is she married or single?""What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys. “How so? How can it possibly affect them? ""My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going. " “Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place. " “Nonsense, my love, how little you've noticed the world has changed. She's got a first-rate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call. "“Me? No. Per haps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job. ““Oh, that's not likely. These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I'll go along all the same. "And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSE-listed company.... It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more "female" dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Austen was born 200 years ago.B. Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice.C. Austen's success lies in her wisdom.D. Austen's updated work gains popularity.68. The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ____.A. had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about BingleyB. felt kind of worried and doubtful about BingleyC. was extremely anxious to meet BingleyD. had a great curiosity about Bingley69. In the eyes of Mrs Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ____.A. get married toB. work for herC. help her move inD. take over her store70. What does the writer intend to tell us?A. Women with brains can also be as successful as men.B. Women have to pay a high price for success.C. A judgment must be made free from prejudice.D. Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.(2013年高考广东试卷)COne day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. "This boy has lost his family," he wrote. "He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After thathe played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon--in complete silence and without looking at me.It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?"Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with," I thought. "Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly."It’s your turn," he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.36. When he first met the author, David .A. felt a little excitedB. walked energeticallyC. looked a little nervousD. showed up with his teacher37. As a psychologist, the author .A. was ready to listen to DavidB. was skeptical about psychologyC. was able to describe David's problemD. was sure of handling David's problem38．David enjoyed being with the author because he________.A. wanted to ask the author for adviceB. need to share sorrow with the authorC. liked the children’s drawings in the officeD. bear the author many times in the chess game 39．What can be inferred about David?A. He recovered after months of treatment.B. He liked biking before he lost his family.C. He went into university soon after starting to talk.D. He got friends in school before he met the author.40. What made David change?A. His teacher’s help.B. The author’s friendship.C. His exchange of letters with the author.D. The author’s silent communication with him.(2013年高考湖北卷)ASome years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.51. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.A. observing her school routineB. expressing her satisfactionC. impressing her classmatesD. preserving her history52. What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary?A. A dull night on the journey.B. The beauty of the great valley.C. A striking quotation from a book.D. Her concerns for future generations.53. What does the author put in her diary now?A. Notes and beautiful pictures.B. Special thoughts and feelings.C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.D. Descriptions of unforgettable events.54. The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.A. to experience itB. to live the present in the futureC. to make memoriesD. to give accurate representations of it(2013年高考湖南卷)BIn my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom(开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eightmile journey,I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens s alad and cornbread for “dinner”(lunch). In case you don't know, poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the a rea to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph.D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.61．“Early Childhood Development”in Paragraph I refers to ________．A．a program directed by DorothyB．a course given by the authorC．an activity held by the studentsD．an organization sponsored by Union College62．In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing ________．A．the long track B．the poor housesC．the same train D．the winding road63．Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by ________．A．a warm welcome B．the sight of poke greensC．Dorothy's latest projects D．a big dinner made for her64．What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?A．She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.B．She got a pen as a gift from the author.C．She passed the required assessment.D．She received her Ph.D. degree.65．What does the author mainly intend to tell us?A．Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.B．Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatmentC．However poor you are, you have the right to education.D．Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.(2013年高考江西卷)AThe light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jac k’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.“So,” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name?”“Are you sure you want to hear it? It’s a scary story,” warned Jack.“Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!”“Ok, but don’t say I didn’t warn you,” said Jack, and he began this tale.“Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different ---- it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.“‘You are clearing too much land,’ warned one old man. ‘ The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. ’“‘Silly fool,’ said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous!’”“Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”“What happened?” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.“The land hit back -- just as the old man warned,” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”“What a stupid story,” laughed Tom. “Plants can’t …” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.56. The underlined word “dare” in Paragr aph 1 is closed in meaning to ________.A. courageB. assistanceC. instructionD. challenge57. Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?A. To frighten them.B. To satisfy their curiosity.C. To warn them of the danger of the place.D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.58. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?A. The old man envied him.B. The old man was foolishC. He was too busy to listen to others.D. He was greedy for more crops.59. Why did Tom scream and faint?A. He saw Dennis’s shadowB. He was scared by a plantC. His friends played a joke on him.D. The weather became extremely cold.60. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?A. Grasp all, lose all.B. No sweat, no sweet.C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. （2013年高考山东卷）AJimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 a.m. and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was somethingwrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed.Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” He thought to himself.Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?A. He was out of work.B. He was bored with his job.C. He wanted a higher position.D. he hoped to find a better boss.57. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre.B. A wild man was pushing a car.C. A terrible car accident happened.D. An old man’s car broke down.58. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride?A. He was also to be interviewed.B. He needed a traveling companion.C. He always helped people in need.D. He was thankful to Jimmy .59. How did Jimmy feel o n hearing the interviewer’s question?A. He was sorry for the other applicants.B. There was no hope for him to get the job.C. He regretted helping the old man.D. The interviewer was very rude.60. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience?A. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. Good is rewarded with good.D. Two heads are better than one.（2013年陕西卷）BIn 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车).I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured （使…放心）me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home.Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he wa s the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.50. The author had to hitch a ride one day in 1978 because ______.A. her work delayed her trip to SydneyB. she was going home for her holidaysC. the town was far away from SydneyD. she missed the only train back home51. Which of the following did Gordon do according to Paragraph 2?A. He helped the girl find a ride.B. He gave the girl a ride back home.C. He bought sandwiches for the girl.D. He watched the girl for three hours.52. The reason why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was that ______.A. she realized he was GordonB. she had known him for decadesC. she was going to the nearby townD. she wanted to repay the favour she once got53. What does the author want to tell the readers through the story?A. Giving sometimes produces nice results.B. Those who give rides will be rapid.C. Good manners bring about happiness.D. People should offer free rides to others.DAbout 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey, I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office.In the teacher’s office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability?”Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? NO, no, it can’t be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.My son could not follow the teacher’s directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didn’t he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry; “Why hasn’t your son been taught to speak English? Don’t you speak English at home?”No, I didn’t speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didn't want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society?”Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.” Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a well-adjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)。

【苏州市】2013高考英语阅读理解(3)及答案或解析(10月)

【苏州市】2013高考英语阅读理解（3）及答案或解析（10月）阅读理解、专题训练(**)、说明文的阅读(1)◆方法点拨说明文，即说明事物的文章。

从内容上看，主要涉及科技、社会和文化生活等领域。

它以介绍科学实验研究成果、人文地理知识等社会生活中值得关注的变化为主。

说明文有一定的说明顺序和说明方法，如空间顺序、时间顺序等，其大体的成篇布局是：(1)总体叙述要说明的对象(文章主旨)＋细节说明(细节理解)＋概括评述(推理判断)；(2)事物现象或变化(文章主旨)＋细节或原因阐述(细节理解)＋引发的后果和相关启示(推论)。

◆活学活用阅读下面短文，从所给的四个答案中选出最佳选项(2011年广州高三英语调研测试)School phobia is a type of illness which causes students to be afraid to go to school.This condition is most commonly seen in children，typically between the ages of 8－13，and it can be very upsetting，especially if it is allowed to progress.Symptoms include stomach aches，tiredness，shaking，a racing heart and frequent trips to the toilet.This common phobia is associated with a wide variety of causes.Most commonly it is the result of separation anxiety，but it can also be caused by different kinds of stress.A child who has recently moved，suffered a loss，or gone through a divorce may develop school phobia，and phobias can also develop in response to bullying (欺侮)，an unrecognised learning disability，and poor self-image.Understanding the cause of a school phobia is an important step in providing treatment.A child with school phobia usually refuses to go to school，or protests violently.He or she may become physically ill when ordered to school，or pretend to be sick to avoid going.When the child arrives at school，he or she may run away，or develop behavioural problems in class and on the playground.When school is discussed，the child can become impatient，upset or angry.Many techniques can be used to manage school phobia，but research suggests that much more effective treatment is required for school phobia to prevent problems developing in later life.Children with this condition usually benefit from seeing a psychologist or doctor who can help the child and provide assistance to help parents and school officials support the child.As soon as a school phobia is identified，parentsshould take action too.Like other phobias，school phobia gets worse the longer it is left untreated，and it can interfere with a child's success in school.Adjustments can be made at home and in the classroom to help.If bullying is a cause，for example，the bullying situation should be solved.A teacher can meet the child at the door and take him or her to class，and provide support so that the child feels a friendly adult is always available.Changes at home can include supportive language from parents，along with support like assistance with homework.If a child lacks confidence，parents may encourage the child to take up new hobbies that will help them to feel good about themselves.Parents might also talk to their children about their own fears of school and how they got over them，and their own enjoyment of school and school-like activities.By following these methods we can help children to dispel their school phobia.Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最佳选项1．Which of the following topics is NOT discussed in the passage?A．The definition of school phobia.B．The history of school phobia.C．The causes of school phobia.D．The effects of school phobia.2．What is a useful treatment for school phobia according to the passage?A．Parents should allow their children occasional days off.B．Teachers should be stricter with students.C．Children should be helped to develop a sense of achievement.D．Children should be regularly sent to psychologist.3．The underlined word “dispel”(the last paragraph)probably means “________”．A．accept B．realizeC．forget D．overcome4．Which of the following statement might the author agree with?A．School phobia is most often suffered by middle school students.B．School phobia may have bad influence on children's future life if neglected.C．Children with school phobia should not be given medical treatment.D．Most children with school phobia are pretending to be ill.5．What are some of the reasons for school phobia mentioned in the passage?A．Bullying，recent devoice and moving to a new area.B．Learning disability，impatience and poor concentration.C．Stomachache，poor school performance and aggressive teachers.D．Shaking，lack of confidence and few friends.参考答案ⅠThe passage introduces the causes and bad influences of school phobia，which luckily can also be managed and treated by taking some technical measures with the help of parents.(29 words)Ⅱ1．解析：事实细节题。

2013年上海市高考英语试卷（阅读理解部分）

【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly!2013暑假年级英语2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in the wo or phrase that best fits the context. Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up their markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization ___50___ for all? According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce ___51___ in a large number number of of of developing developing developing countries. countries. countries. In In In quotes quotes quotes one one one study study study that that that shows shows shows increased increased increased wealth wealth wealth ___52___ ___52___ ___52___ to to to improved improved improved education education education and and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home Home to to to some some some three three three billion billion billion people, people, people, these these these twenty-four twenty-four twenty-four countries countries countries have have have seen seen seen incomes incomes incomes ___53___ ___53___ ___53___ at at at an an an average average average rate rate rate of of of five five percent --- compared to two percent in developed countires. Those who ___54___ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. ___55___, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in ___56___ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet. Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually ___57___ the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only only a a a few few few developing developing developing countries countries countries have have have actually actually actually ___58___ ___58___ ___58___ from from from integration integration integration into into into the the the world world world economy economy economy and and and that that that the the the poor, poor, poor, the the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. ___59___, they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to ___60___ their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of ___61___.When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to ___62___ and will be crowded out. One thing is certain about globalization --- there is no ___63___. Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The ___64___ now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. 50.50.A A . possible B. smooth C. good D. easy 51.51.A A . crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population 52.52.A A . contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing 53.53.A A . remain B. drop C. shift D. increase 54.54.A A . doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore 55.55.A A . In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all 56.56.A A . mature B. new C. local D. foreign 57.57.A A . finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening 58.58.A A . suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn 59.59.A A . Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise 60.60.A A . consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise 61.61.A A . trouble B. business C. power D. mind 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假年级英语62. A . keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out 63. A . taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back 64. A . agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challenge Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information giventhe passage you have just read. (A)For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.amusic.”” People who are amusic amusic are are are born born born without without without the the the ability ability ability to to to recognize recognize recognize or or or reproduce reproduce reproduce musical musical notes (音调). ). Amusic Amusic Amusic people people people often often often cannot cannot cannot tell tell tell the the difference difference between between between two two two songs. songs. songs. Amusics Amusics Amusics can can can only only only hear hear hear the the the difference difference difference between between between two two two notes notes notes if if they they are are are very very very far far far apart apart apart on on on the the musical scale. As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hittineach other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult foother people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Ju going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says says Margaret, Margaret, Margaret, a a a seventy-year-old seventy-year-old seventy-year-old woman woman woman who who who only only only recently recently recently discovered discovered discovered that that that she she she was was was amusic. amusic. amusic. By By By studying studying studying people people people like like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists Scientists say say say that that that the the the brains brains brains of of of amusics amusics amusics are are are different different different from from from the the the brains brains brains of of of people people people who who who can can can appreciate appreciate appreciate music. music. music. The The difference difference is is is complex, complex, complex, and and and it it it doesn doesn doesn‟‟t t involve involve defective hearing . . Amusics Amusics Amusics can can can understand understand understand other other other nonmusical nonmusical nonmusical sounds sounds sounds well. well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can ‟t see certain colors. Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for to explain. “When people invite m e to a concert, me to a concert, I just say, …No, thanks, I ‟m amusic,‟”‟”‟” says Margaret. says Margaret. “I just wish wish I had I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. W hich of the following is true of amusics? A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them. B. They love places where they are likely to hear music. C. They can easily tell two different songs apart. D. Their situation is well understood by musicians. 66. A ccording to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing ” is probably one who ________. A. dislikes listening to speeches B. can hear anything nonmusical C. has a hearing problem D. lacks a complex hearing system 67. I n the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that _________. A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier B. she were seventeen years old rather than seventy C. her problem could be easily explained D. she were able to meet other amusics 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假年级英语68. W hat is the passage mainly concerned with? A. Amusics ‟ strange behaviours. B. Some people ‟s inability to enjoy music C. Musical talent and brain structure D. Identification and treatment of amusics. (B)69. A ccording to W arranty Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if ________. A. shipped from a Canadian factory B. rented for home use C. repaired by the user himself D. used in the U.S.A. 70. A ccording to O wner Owner ’s Responsibilities , an owner has to pay for _________. A. the loss of the sales receipt B. a servicer ‟s overtime work C. the product installation D. a mechanic ‟s transportation 71. W hich of the following is true according to the warranty? A. Consequential damages are excluded across America. B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty. C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year. D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year. (C)A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical flyhas become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. “It It‟‟s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individua Home Laundry Automatic Dryer Product Full Two Year Warranty (保修) Limited Five Year Warranty on Cabinet (机箱) Warranty Provides for:FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or replace any faulty part free of charge. THIRD THRU FIFTH YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part for any cabinet which proves faulty due to rust (生锈). Warranty Limitations:l Warranty begins at date of original purchases. l Applies only to product used within the United States or in Canada if product is approved by Canadian Standards Association when shipped from factory. l Products used on a commercial or rental basis are not covered by this warranty. l Service must be performed by an Amana servicer. l Adjustments covered during first year only. Warranty Does Not Cover It If:l Product has damage due to product alteration, connection to an improper electrical supply, shipping and handling, accident, fire, floods, lightning or other conditions beyond the control of Amana. l Product is improperly installed or applied. Owner ’s Responsibilities: l Provide sales receipt. l Normal care and maintenance. l Having the product reasonably accessible for service. l Pay for service calls related to product installation or usage instructions. l Pay Pay for for for extra extra extra service service service costs, costs, costs, over over over normal normal normal service service charges, if servicer is requested to perform service outside servicer ‟s normal business hours. In no event shall Amana be responsible for consequential damages.＊＊This This warranty warranty warranty gives gives gives you you you specific specific specific legal legal legal rights, rights, rights, and and you you may may may have have have others others others which which which vary vary vary from from from state state state to to to state. state. For example, some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you. 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假年级英语components (元件),),”” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on own,own,”” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but them has to be matched well to everything it ‟s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers ‟ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation computation technologies technologies technologies on on on board board board could could could have have have much much much broader broader broader applications. applications. applications. ““ou Y ou can can can start start start thinking thinking thinking about about about using using using them them them to to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots robots instead,instead,instead,”” he he said. said. said. ““So So there there there are are are a a a lot lot lot of of of technologies technologies technologies and and and open open open interesting interesting interesting scientific scientific scientific questions questions questions that that that are are are really really really what what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”72. T he difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _________. A. they had no model in their mind B. they did not have sufficient time C. they had no ready-made components D. they could not assemble the components 73. I t can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _________. A. consists of a flight device and a control system B. can just fly in limited areas at the present time C. can collect information from many sources D. has been put into wide application 74. W hich of the following can be learned from the passage? A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects. B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments. C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly. D. Wood ‟s design can replace animals in some experiments. 75. W hich of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Father of Robotic Fly B. Inspiration from Engineering Science C. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect D. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. 76. The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these A. Healthy way of life giving way to overuse of medicine B. Different findings as to taking additional vitamin C. EU ‟s response to overuse of health products D. Worrying increase in multivitamin advertising E. EU directive for the benefit of individuals F. EU directive against prediction in novels 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly! 2013暑假年级英语supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union(EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported. 77. Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 500 milligrams a day are more likely to developcancer. cancer. This This This shows shows shows how how how much much much damage damage damage these these these health health health supplements supplements supplements do do do to to to people‟people‟s s health. health. health. A A A spokesman spokesman spokesman for for for the the the health health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source. 78. Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would ge the the fuel fuel fuel they they they needed. needed. needed. This, This, This, it it it was was was argued, argued, argued, would would would mean mean mean a a a more more more efficient efficient efficient use use use of of of time time time as as as people people people would would wouldn‟n‟t t have have have to to to waste waste waste it it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality. 79. People already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills80. Some Some might might might argue argue argue that that that the the the EU EU EU directive directive directive denies denies denies people people people‟‟s s right right right to to to freedom freedom freedom of of of choice. choice. choice. However, However, However, there there there are are are many many many legal legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual ‟s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened. Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. A A study study study of of of more more more than than than five five five million million million books, books, books, both both both fiction fiction fiction and and and non-fiction, non-fiction, non-fiction, has has has found found found a a a marked marked marked decline decline decline in in in the the the use use use of of emotional words over time. The researchers from the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the the frequency frequency frequency of of of terms terms terms in in in scanned scanned scanned books, books, books, to to to search search search for for for more more more than than than 600 600 600 particular particular particular words words words identified identified identified as as as representing representing representing anger, anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise. They They found found found that that that almost almost almost all all all of of of the the the categories(categories(类别) ) showed showed showed a a a drop drop drop in in in these these these ““mood mood words words words”” over over time. time. time. Only Only Only in in in the the category of fear was there an increase in usage. “It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr. Alberto Acerbi. He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape. “One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media. Maybe these media --- movies, radio, drama --- had more emotional content than books.books.””Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One , found found that that that they they they also also also exhibited exhibited exhibited another another another interesting interesting interesting behaviour: behaviour: behaviour: the the ratio (比率) ) between between between the the the two two two varied varied varied greatly, greatly, greatly, apparently apparently mirroring historical events. During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash. But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War. Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends. In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could b true. “It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing …filled with romance and sex ‟ ... perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.” (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. A study of more than five million books indicated a decline in “mood words ” over time except ____________. 【易百教育】Aim high; You can fly!2013暑假年级英语“mood words” in books may be that _____________. 82.According to Dr. Alberto Acerbi, one reason for the drop of 83.What were the two periods when the joy-to-sadness ratio was at its highest? “mood words” in books, they were not sure ___________. 84.While the researchers found some change in the use of 。

考研英语2013年阅读

考研英语2013年阅读在2013年的考研英语考试中，阅读理解部分的难度适中，题型涵盖了细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意和词义猜测等多种类型。

这些文章不仅考察了考生的词汇量和语法知识，还要求考生具备一定的逻辑思维和分析能力。

文章选材广泛，包括了科技、社会、文化和教育等多个领域，这要求考生在备考过程中广泛阅读，增加自己的知识储备。

例如，有一篇文章讨论了现代科技对人类生活方式的影响，文章中提到了智能手机和社交媒体的普及如何改变了人们的交流方式。

考生需要理解这些科技产品如何影响人们的日常生活，并能够从文章中提取关键信息，回答相关问题。

在推理判断题中，考生需要根据文章内容推断作者的意图、文章的隐含意义或某些细节。

这类题目要求考生不仅要理解文章的字面意思，还要能够把握文章的深层含义。

例如，有一道题目要求考生推断作者对于某个社会现象的看法，这就需要考生仔细分析文章中的论点和论据，从而得出合理的结论。

主旨大意题则要求考生把握整篇文章的中心思想。

这类题目通常要求考生从多个选项中选择一个最能概括文章主题的答案。

考生需要通读全文，理解文章的结构和逻辑关系，才能准确把握文章的主旨。

词义猜测题则是考察考生对词汇的理解和运用能力。

在这类题目中，考生需要根据上下文的语境来推测某个生词或短语的含义。

这不仅要求考生具备一定的词汇量，还要求考生能够灵活运用词汇，理解词汇在不同语境中的变化。

总的来说，2013年的考研英语阅读部分对考生的综合英语能力提出了较高的要求。

考生在备考时，除了要注重词汇和语法的学习，还应该加强阅读训练，提高自己的逻辑思维和分析能力。

通过广泛阅读不同类型的文章，考生可以增加知识面，提高对不同题材文章的理解和分析能力，从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。

2013年考研英语阅读理解及答案

2013年全国研究生入学考试英语Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following fourtexts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,”Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year –about 64 items per person –and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes –and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment –including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. V anity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her（B）[A] poor bargaining skill. [B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion. [D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to（A）[A] combat unnecessary waste. [B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements. [D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment”(Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to（A）[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph? （D）[A] V anity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text? （C）[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age,at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural”ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to s top tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will bec ome the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, MMicrosoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural”ads help advertisers to（B）[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] provide better online services27. “The industry”(Line 6,Para.3) refers to: （D）[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default（C）[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6? （A）[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of: （D）[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. Y ou might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chanc e of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potentialevolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by（B）[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s “Red List”suggest that human being are（A）[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5? （D）[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to（C）[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? （C）[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.An arizona.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enfour federal immigrations law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Anturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately "occupied the field " and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powersHowever,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama tures on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued tha Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they（C）[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4? （C）[A] Federal officers’duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts（D）[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement（A）[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph? （B）[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college,inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)参考范文：Dear Mr Smith,On behalf of the Student Union , I am sending this e-mail to you to invite you to act as our judge of English Speech Contest to be held in our university on May 5 .To be more specific , our contest is on the topic of how to embrace tough challenges in digital era. During this competition , Ten participants will deliver their speeches with respect to this topic .It is widely acknowledged that you are a top expert in this field , so we sincerely hope that you can acc ept our invitation . For further information , please call me at 8888888.I am looking forward to your reply and arrival .Yours respectfullyLi MingPart B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing .In your essay,you should1) describe the drawing briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning ,and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)参考范文：The picture jumping into my sight is fairly compelling. In this cartoon , after graduation, a host of graduates may face diverse choices , ranging from postgraduate entrance exam to study abroad to job-hunting and so on . But when approaching a junction , which direction should one choose ? The caption, summarizing the message conveyed by this cartoon in a couple of words , reads : “choice”This picture inspires me hugely.The cartoonist strives to bring home to us a single clear message : making choice matters much for a person’s success. Stated in another way, a folk would be permanently locked out of the league of successful elites if he or she lacks the awareness of choice . To be more specific , on the basis of self-evaluation and development goal in the foreseeable future , different folks possess different options .From my own perspective , option is truly among the most important of elements that drive individuals to success. Losing sight of the crucial importance of option would be a major obstacle to one’s success. Meanwhile , when making every opti on , we are supposed to take self-evaluation and interest into consideration. On a broader level, a persistent atmosphere of placing a high value on cultivating of making options is sorely needed. Only in this way can we embrace a brighter future.选择题答案：1-5 ABCDB 6-10 DAADC 11-15 ACBCB 15-20 CDDBA21-25 BAADC26-30 BDCAD 31-35 BADCC 36-40 CCDAB 41-45 EFBGC。

英语一2013阅读3

英语一2013阅读3In the 2013 English Reading Test 3, students are required to read a passage and answer questions based on the content. The passage may cover a variety of topics, such as science, history, literature, or current events. This type of test is designed to assess students' reading comprehension skills, as well as their ability to analyze and interpret written information.From the perspective of a student, preparing for the English Reading Test can be both challenging and rewarding. It requires a great deal of focus and concentration to read and understand the passage, as well as the ability torecall and apply that information to answer the questions. It can also be a valuable opportunity to improve one's reading skills and expand one's knowledge on a wide range of topics.For teachers, the English Reading Test serves as a valuable tool for assessing students' comprehension andcritical thinking skills. It provides insight into how well students can understand and interpret written material, as well as their ability to think critically and draw conclusions based on the information presented. This information can be used to tailor instruction and support students in developing their reading and analytical skills.From the perspective of educational administrators, the English Reading Test provides important data on students' overall reading proficiency. This information can be used to identify areas of strength and weakness in the curriculum, as well as to measure the effectiveness of reading instruction. It can also be used to track student progress over time and make informed decisions about resource allocation and instructional support.From a broader societal perspective, the English Reading Test is an important tool for assessing theliteracy skills of the population. Literacy is a fundamental skill that is essential for success in education, employment, and everyday life. By measuring and monitoring students' reading comprehension skills, the testprovides valuable information about the overall literacy levels within a given population.In conclusion, the English Reading Test 3 of 2013 serves as a valuable tool for assessing students' reading comprehension skills, as well as providing important data for educators, administrators, and society as a whole. It offers students the opportunity to demonstrate their ability to understand, analyze, and interpret written information, while also serving as a means of evaluating the effectiveness of reading instruction and literacy levels within the population.。

2013高考英语山东卷阅读理解答案及解析

2013高考英语XX卷阅读理解答案与解析A参考译文：Jimmy是一名汽车修理工，但是几个月前他丢了工作。

虽然他是一个非常热心的人，可他总是害怕去找一份新的工作。

有一天，他终于鼓足勇气决定去参加一个工作面试。

他的面试时间是上午10点，那时候已经到了8：30。

当他本该等着去面试地点的公交车的时候，他看见一个老人很粗暴地踢着自己的汽车轮子。

很明显，他的车坏了。

Jimmy 立刻过去帮了那个老人的忙。

当Jimmy修完汽车的时候，那个老人说：“请允许我开车送你去参加面试，这是我仅能为你做到的了，我坚持这样做。

〞Jimmy接受了他的好意。

到达面试的地方，Jimmy发现有很多求职者在等待面试。

他身上还有一些修完汽车之后残留的油渍，可他却没有时间洗干净或者换一件衬衫。

一个接着一个，那些求职者带着失望的表情离开了面试官的办公室。

最后，面试官叫了他的名字。

当时，面试官正面朝办公室的窗户坐在一个大椅子上。

他边摇晃着椅子边问道：“你真的需要应聘这份工作吗？〞Jimmy的心沉了下去，心里想着：“看我现在的样子，我怎么可能通过面试呢？〞然后面试官转过了椅子，另Jimmy吃惊的是，他就是早上他曾帮助过的那个老人。

原来那个老人就是这家公司的总经理。

“很抱歉让您一直等着，在您还没踏入这间办公室之前，我就决定让你成为我的员工，我非常确信我做出的决定是正确的。

我只是相信你会成为一名可信赖的员工。

恭喜你！〞为他获得的这份新工作，Jimmy坐了下来与老人一起喝了一杯值得享用的咖啡。

题目解析：56.[A]解析：此题为第一篇文章第一道题，是一道细节题，本文亦为记叙文，难度很低，从文章第一段可知Jimmy刚刚丢了工作。

57.[D]解析：此题为一道细节题，根据题文同序定位，在文章第二段可知Jimmy看到一位老人的车坏了，选D。

58.[D]解析：此题为一道细节题，出处在上一道题的后面，老人为了报答Jimmy，故载他一程。

59.[B]解析：此题依旧是细节题，出自文章第三段第一个问号之后，“Jimmy’s heart sank〞，Jimmy的心沉了下去，表明他以为自己失败了。

2013考研英语一阅读

2013考研英语一阅读2013年的考研英语一阅读部分，对于许多考生来说，是一次挑战与机遇并存的体验。

这一年的阅读材料涵盖了广泛的主题，从社会现象到科技发展，从文化差异到经济问题，无一不体现了出题者对于考生综合理解能力的考查。

文章的第一篇讲述了全球化背景下，不同文化之间的交流与碰撞。

作者通过一系列生动的例子，展示了文化差异如何影响人们的日常生活和商业活动。

文章强调了跨文化交流的重要性，并提出了一些有效的沟通策略，以帮助人们更好地理解和适应不同的文化环境。

第二篇文章则聚焦于科技对人类生活的影响。

文章指出，随着科技的飞速发展，人们的生活变得更加便捷，但同时也带来了一些负面影响，如隐私泄露和信息过载。

作者呼吁人们在享受科技带来的便利的同时，也要警惕其潜在的风险，并采取相应的措施来保护个人权益。

第三篇阅读材料探讨了经济危机对全球经济的影响。

文章分析了经济危机的成因，以及它对不同国家和地区经济的冲击。

作者认为，面对经济危机，各国需要加强合作，共同应对挑战，以实现经济的稳定和复苏。

最后一篇文章则关注了环境问题。

文章描述了全球气候变化的严峻形势，以及它对人类社会和自然环境的深远影响。

作者强调了采取有效措施减少温室气体排放的重要性，并提出了一些可能的解决方案，如发展可再生能源和提高能源效率。

整体来看，2013年考研英语一的阅读部分不仅考查了考生的语言能力，还考查了他们对当代社会重要问题的理解和分析能力。

这些文章的选材和内容，无疑为考生提供了一个全面了解世界的机会，同时也为他们未来的学术研究和职业发展奠定了坚实的基础。

华慧2013年10月中科院考博英语真题阅读理解真题训练Section A(第一篇)

2013年10月份中科院考博英语真题阅读理解真题训练PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSIONSection A (60 minute, 30 points) Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and the select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Passage One Germany, Europe's economic powerhouse, does not lack courage, it rebounded from two world wars, digested reunification and has new powered ahead of neighbors still reeling from the financial crisis. It overhauled a rigid labor market and raised the retirement age to 67 with little fuss. Most recently, it simply decided to abandon nuclear power. With this boldness at the top comes obedience at the bottom--82 million Germans will wait at a pedestrian red light even with no car in sight. But when it comes to empowering women, no Teutonic drive or respect seems to work--even under one of the world's most powerful women, Chancellor Angela Merkel.Despite a batch of government measures and ever more passionate debate about gender roles, only about 14 percent of German mothers with one child resume full-time work, and only 6 percent of those with two, all 30 German stock index companies are run by men. Nationwide, a singlewoman presides on a supervisory board: Dr. Simone Bagel-Trah at Henkel. Eighteen months after the International Herald Tribune launched a series on the state of women in the 21st century with a look at Germany, the country has emerged as a test case for the push-and-pull of economics and tradition.　For the developed world, Germany's situation suggests that puzzling out how to remove enduring barriers to women's further progress is one of the hardest questions to solve. In all European countries, from the traditionally macho southern rim to more egalitarian Nordic rations, the availability and affordability of child care, intertwined with traditional ideas about gender roles, have proved key factors in determining gender equality. The nature of male networks is mother telling factor. Women remain a striking minority in top corporate circles, even in fiercely egalitarian countries like Sweden or the US where opportunities often go with one's abilities. Very few countries approach 20 percent female representation on corporate executive boards. Yet if Swedish executive suites boast 17 percent women and the united Slates and Britain 14 percent, in Germany it is 2 percent-as in India, according to McKinsey's 2010 Women Matter report. One of the countries in most need of female relate-the German birthrate is among the lowest in Europe and labor shortages in skilled technical professions are already 150.00-Germany is a place where gender stereotypes remain engrailed in the mind, and in key institutions across society. 36. The first two paragraphs describe______. A.practical Germ leadership in various fields B.retired Gamin workers' lives C.a successful Germany since World War I D.a German style of dealing with crises 37. According to the author, under the leadership of Chancellor Angela Merkel______. A.females must have been allowed to take some full-time jobs B.women might have been supported to become stronger C.discussions should have been held about woman's importance D.women should have become more powerful than they are now 38. The author mentions Dr. Simone Bagel-Trah in order to show______. A.the potential for females to become Sop executives B.the scarcity of female CEO in the country C.the inferiority of female CEO to male ones D.the strength of a company led by a female 39. The phrase "the push-and-pull of economics and tradition" (in paragraph 5) refersto the fact that______. A.economic progress needs efforts by both genders B.traditional gender roles remain in modem society C.economic needs conflict with traditional mindsets D.traditional gender bias makes an economy even worse 40 Which of the following situations forms a barrier to European woman's progress? A.A woman may feel very proud with all her colleagues being male. B.A babysitter may find it very hard to make the hostess satisfied. C.Man's friendship is thought to be much strange than woman's. D.Women are deemed more capable than men only at home. 41 By writing this passage, the author aims to suggest that in Germany the improvement of woman's social rotes is______.A. essentialB. debatableC. hopelessD. formidable中科院考博英语真题完形填空训练文章大意及参考答案【华慧独家解析：文章大意】德国作为欧洲的经济驱动，一直都富有勇气。

13英语一真题及答案解析

13英语一真题及答案解析近年来，全球范围内的英语考试越来越普及，许多人选择参加英语考试以提升自己的语言能力。

其中，中国的高考英语考试一直备受关注。

而13年的高考英语一真题则成为了备考的重要参考资料。

本文将对13年英语一的真题进行一些简单的解析，帮助考生更好地理解题目，提高答题能力。

首先，让我们来看看2013年高考英语一的阅读理解部分。

其中，第一篇阅读理解是关于“海豚的沟通能力”的文章。

文章主要介绍了海豚作为高智商动物，其丰富的沟通能力让人类感到惊讶。

对于这篇文章，考生需要注意阅读理解，理解文章的主旨和细节。

同时，还需要注意一些词汇的理解和推理，如“manipulate”、“syntax”等。

接下来，我们继续分析2013年英语一的听力部分。

第一篇听力对话主要是关于旅行和预订房间的对话。

这篇对话涉及了一些实用的日常用语和词汇，考生需要理解对话的意思，并能准确回答问题。

同时，需要注意听清楚对话中的数字、日期和时间等关键信息。

第二篇听力则是关于电影节目的讨论。

对于这篇听力，考生需要注意进行听力预测，提前了解一些关于电影节目的词汇和常见的讨论话题。

这样，考生在听力过程中能够更好地理解对话内容，并准确回答问题。

在阅读和听力部分的基础上，我们继续分析2013年英语一的完形填空部分。

这篇文章主要是关于一位年轻女孩童年时的美好回忆。

文章中穿插了一些童话故事和童年生活的描写，考生需要注意理解文章的情感表达，并根据上下文推测空缺部分的词语。

此外，考生还需要注意掌握一些常见的词汇和短语，以便更好地理解文章。

最后，我们来看看2013年英语一的翻译部分。

翻译部分主要涉及从中文翻译成英文，考察考生的翻译能力和词汇运用能力。

在进行翻译时，考生需要注意准确理解中文句子的意思，并用合适的词汇和语法结构进行翻译。

同时，还需要注意一些习惯用语和表达方式，以提高翻译的流畅度和准确性。

综上所述，2013年的高考英语一真题涵盖了阅读、听力、完形填空和翻译等多个方面。

2013英语二阅读第二篇解析

2013英语二阅读第二篇解析The 2013 English Reading Comprehension Section II is a challenging test that requires a high level of English language proficiency. The passage is a narrative about a young woman named Emily who travels to the Arctic to study the effects of climate change on polar bears. The passage is divided into five sections, each with its own set of questions. The questions assess the reader's ability to understand the main idea, make inferences, and analyze the author's purpose and tone.The passage begins with Emily's journey to the Arctic, where she is excited to study polar bears in their natural habitat. However, she soon realizes the harsh reality of climate change and its impact on the polar bear population. The passage describes the challenges Emily faces as she witnesses the effects of melting ice and the struggle of polar bears to find food. The passage also highlights the emotional toll of witnessing the decline of a species and the urgent need for action to address climate change.In addition to testing reading comprehension skills, the passage also serves as a thought-provoking commentary on the environmental crisis facing the planet. It raises awareness about the urgent need for action to address climate change and its impact on wildlife. The passage effectively conveys the emotional and ethical implications of the issue, prompting readers to consider their own role in protecting the environment and preserving biodiversity.The passage also provides an opportunity for readers to reflect on the importance of scientific research in understanding and addressing environmental issues. Emily's work in the Arctic serves as a reminder of the crucial role of scientists and researchers in documenting the impact of climate change and advocating for conservation efforts. The passage underscores the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the need for evidence-based solutions to address complex environmental challenges.Furthermore, the passage offers a glimpse into the personal and professional journey of a young scientistdedicated to making a positive impact on the world. Emily's passion for wildlife and commitment to environmental conservation serve as an inspiration to readers, encouraging them to consider their own potential to contribute to positive change. The passage highlights the power of individual action and the importance of pursuing one's passions in the service of a greater cause.In conclusion, the 2013 English Reading Comprehension Section II presents a compelling narrative that challenges readers to engage with complex environmental issues and consider their own role in addressing them. The passage effectively tests reading comprehension skills while also serving as a thought-provoking commentary on the urgent need for action to address climate change and its impact on wildlife. It prompts readers to reflect on the significance of scientific research, the ethical implications of environmental conservation, and the potential forindividual action to make a positive impact on the world.。

华慧2013年10月中科院考博英语真题阅读理解真题训练Section A(第四篇)

2013年10月份中科院考博英语真题阅读理解真题训练Passage FourMuch of the debate about multiculturalism in the UK is crass, ignorant and misconceived. The new critics, from the left in particular, risk contributing to the very processes they decry, since they are so dismissive of the achievements that mark this country out from others, particularly in Europe. I can't think of any other EU state that has been more successful than the UK in managing cultural diversity.In this country, we need more multiculturalism, not less. That is to say, we should concentrate upon developing farther links between differ ethnic and cultural comities, and upon dialogue even when on the surface it seems to create problems. Jack Straw's remarks about women who wear the veil have provoked huge controversy. But he was fight to raise the issue, because he was emphasizing the importance of connection and communication. In a pluralistic society all groups should accept the need for interrogation from others—it is the condition of producing mutual respect, rather than undermining it. He was not suggesting any sort of coercion.Pakistani groups in particular featured in the riots that happened in Oldham, Leeds and Bradford in the 1990 and early 2000s. At that time as well, multiculturalism came in for a bashing: it was widely blamed in the press for creating segregation between Pakistani and local white communities. These claims were made, however, by writers with scant knowledge of the neighborhoods in question.A sociologist at the University of Leeds, Ludi Simpson, later studied the communities cohered in depth and—something often neglected—over time. He found that segregation was far lower than most outside commentators had suggested. Many Pakistani families originally living in the inner-city areas had in fact moved out across the years to middle-class neighbourhoods or rural areas. Contrary to the idea that the Asian (mostly Muslim) groups wanted to keep to themselves, the evidence showed a desire for more mixing, with most wanting independent lifestyles away from too much ethnic clustering.For much of the 20th century the main perceived social problem was that of class conflict. Class differences continue to overlap with cultural and ethnic divisions. But for us today the perceived social problem is that of the management of diversity: delivering its benefits, which are many, while containing the conflicts and costs that it can incur. We shan't get anywhere in pursuing such goals if we abandon multiculturalism.54. According to the author, the new critics are______.A.reluctant to understand the differences between culturesB.getting into a position contrary to their own argumentC.ignorant of the reasons why UK stands oat in EuropeD.going to the extreme left in criticizing multiculturalism55. Jack Straw's remarks as mentioned probably convey the idea that______.A.any culture in the world deserves respectB.gender bias remains the obstacle to women's liberationC.women's veil wearing shows cultural backwardnessD.social hierarchy remains a problem in Islamic countries56. As suggested by the author, the Pakistani groups in the 1990s and early 2000s______.A.suffered from wide blam in the mediaB.made strong criticism of multiculturalismC.had conflicts with the local white communitiesD.rose in rebellion against the government57. The author suggests that the blame pat on multiculturalism was due to the lack of______.A.close investigation into the reasons for the racial segregationB.in-depth knowledge about the cultural groups involvedC.an acute awareness of the feelings of the inner-city dwellersD.a full understanding of the gap between different social closes58. Ludi Simpson's study showed that______.A.the cluster of mixed ethnic groups likely gave rise to ethnic tensionB.the Pakistani groups tended to live peacefully much mom than beforeC.the Muslim community mostly kept separate from other communitiesD.the wish to live exclusively with one's own ethnic groups was a myth59. The boldfaced word "containing" in the last paragraph can best be replaced by the word" ______ ”.A.controllingpromisingC.covetingD.considering中科院考博英语真题完形填空训练文章大意及参考答案【华慧独家解析：文章大意】很多关于英国多元文化的辩论观点都是错误的，事实上作者认为英国在管理文化多元性上做得很成功。

2013年考研英语一阅读

2013年考研英语一阅读The 2013 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English I Reading ComprehensionThe year 2013 marked a significant milestone for aspiring postgraduate students in China as they faced the challenge of the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination, also known as the Kaoyan. This comprehensive exam, which includes a reading comprehension section in English, is a crucial step in the pursuit of advanced academic degrees. The reading comprehension portion of the exam evaluates a candidate's ability to understand and analyze complex texts in the English language, a skill that is essential for success in postgraduate studies.The reading comprehension section of the Kaoyan English I exam typically consists of several passages, each accompanied by a set of questions designed to assess the test-taker's understanding of the content, language, and overall structure of the text. The passages cover a wide range of topics, from academic subjects to current events and societal issues, challenging the candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in English comprehension and critical thinking.One of the key aspects of the reading comprehension section is the ability to identify the main idea or central theme of the passage. This requires a deep understanding of the text and the ability to synthesize the various elements into a coherent and meaningful interpretation. Candidates must also be able to recognize the author's purpose, tone, and rhetorical strategies, as well as identify the supporting details and evidence that contribute to the overall argument or narrative.Another crucial skill tested in the reading comprehension section is the ability to draw inferences and make logical connections between the information presented in the passage. This involves reading between the lines, understanding implied meanings, and making informed deductions based on the context and the given information. Candidates must also be adept at identifying the relationship between different parts of the text, such as cause and effect, comparison and contrast, or problem and solution.In addition to these fundamental comprehension skills, the Kaoyan English I reading comprehension section also assesses the candidates' vocabulary and language proficiency. Candidates are expected to demonstrate a strong grasp of English grammar, syntax, and idiomatic expressions, as well as the ability to understand and interpret the nuances of the language. This includes the ability torecognize and comprehend the meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases within the context of the passage.Preparing for the Kaoyan English I reading comprehension section requires a comprehensive and systematic approach. Candidates must engage in extensive reading of a wide variety of English texts, ranging from academic articles and research papers to news articles and literary works. This exposure to diverse genres and styles of writing helps to build a strong foundation in English comprehension and language proficiency.In addition to extensive reading, candidates should also practice answering sample questions and engage in mock exams to familiarize themselves with the format and structure of the Kaoyan English I reading comprehension section. This not only helps to improve their test-taking skills but also allows them to identify areas of weakness and focus their study efforts accordingly.Furthermore, candidates should also work on improving their critical thinking and analytical skills. This involves the ability to identify the main ideas, recognize the author's purpose and tone, and make logical inferences based on the given information. Developing these higher-order thinking skills is crucial for success in the Kaoyan English I reading comprehension section.In conclusion, the reading comprehension section of the Kaoyan English I exam is a pivotal component of the overall examination process. It challenges candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in English language comprehension, critical thinking, and analytical skills. Preparation for this section requires a comprehensive and systematic approach, including extensive reading, practice with sample questions, and the development of critical thinking abilities. By mastering the skills tested in the reading comprehension section, candidates can increase their chances of success in the Kaoyan and pave the way for their postgraduate studies.。

2013年考研英语阅读【学生版】

2013年考研英语阅读理解[强化讲义]北京大学英语系索玉柱博士[教授]编讲第1节学真题、辨句义、记词汇★认知心理学原理在近年的命题中得到了应用，特别在‗阅读理解‘和‗议论文写作‘中最为明显。

比如，归纳理解文章的概念性含义、推导段义以及段落之间关系的题目越来越隐含，写作题目的综合性越来越强。

2010--2012年考题的效度和难度作为今后宏观命题的范例，恰好要求考生加倍重视复习高频率词汇和句式理解上。

★我们倡导和突出‘英语复习贵在系统的理念’。

―循序渐进、系统提高、做中得学‖的英语学习内在规律已经被大家欣然接受。

我们提倡这一理念：‗循序渐进‘就是不断提升高效的阅读能力，因为考研英语的成功就是阅读的成功。

近年的考研阅读试题不只停留在对文字表层含义的考查上，就连―完型填空‖和―英译汉‖也是如此，而是侧重考查对文字的深层含义以及对‗长句·难段‘的认知能力上。

所以，我们要求考生朋友要遵循‘新题先复习’的策略；要注意把精读4篇阅读理解和泛读其他文章结合起来。

我们一贯提倡―先抓真题，后加模拟、做题而促学‖的一揽子规划。

abound vi.（物产）大量存在；充满，富于[真题] Opportunities for misinterpretation, error, and self-deception abound. [2012年T3]误解、错误、自欺欺人的情况不胜枚举。

[解析] 一般而言，我们对有负面含义的词语比较敏感，所以需要我们正确判断全句的语义指向；比如上例指的是（负面行为的）‘机会’或‘情况’大量存在，而不是指负面行为本身处处可见。

extinguish v. ①熄灭，扑灭；This is a new method of extinguishing forest fires.这是一种扑灭森林之火的新方法。

②使消亡，使破灭[真题] If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress. [2003年T2] 如果善良的人无动于衷，不了解真相的人们很可能会将医学进步的珍贵火种扑灭。

2013考研英语阅读真题

2013考研英语阅读真题In recent years, the issue of climate change has become a major concern for scientists, policymakers, and the general public. The increasing global temperatures, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events are all evidence of the impact human activities are having on the Earth's climate. As a result, there is a growing need for urgent action to mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.One key aspect of addressing climate change is through the development and implementation of renewable energy sources. Renewable energy is derived from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, and water, which are constantly replenished and do not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. This makes them a much cleaner and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.Solar energy, for example, has great potential as a renewable energy source. The sun provides an abundant and virtually unlimited supply of energy that can be harnessed using photovoltaic (PV) cells. These cells convert sunlight directly into electricity, which can be used to power homes, businesses, and even entire communities. In addition to being environmentally friendly, solar energy also offers economic benefits, such as job creation and energy cost savings.Wind power is another important form of renewable energy. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical power, which can then be used to generate electricity. Wind farms can be built both onshore and offshore, and they have the capacity to produce significant amounts of clean energy. However, the location and design of wind farmsmust be carefully considered to minimize their impact on wildlife and the surrounding environment.Hydropower is yet another renewable energy source that has been widely utilized for centuries. It harnesses the energy of flowing or falling water, using it to drive turbines that generate electricity. Large hydroelectric dams can provide a substantial amount of energy, but they can also have negative environmental and social impacts, such as the displacement of communities and the disruption of ecosystems. As such, the construction of hydropower facilities should be conducted with careful consideration of these potential consequences.Biogas, biomass, and geothermal energy are other forms of renewable energy that are gaining prominence. Biogas is generated from the decomposition of organic waste materials, biomass refers to the use of organic materials to produce heat or electricity, and geothermal energy utilizes the heat generated from within the Earth. Each of these sources has its own unique advantages and challenges, but all contribute to a more sustainable and greener future.In conclusion, renewable energy sources offer a viable solution to combat climate change and reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. From solar and wind power to hydropower and geothermal energy, there are various options available for generating clean and sustainable electricity. However, it is crucial that these sources are developed and implemented responsibly, taking into account potential environmental and social impacts. By transitioning to renewable energy, we can protect our planet for future generations and create a more sustainable and resilient world.。

2013年第10期参考答案

2013年第10期参考答案作者：来源：《中学生英语·阅读与写作》2013年第10期【中考英语阅读理解分类介绍及例文参考答案】记叙文 1—5 CABDC说明文1—5 BBDCA应用文1—5 DACBC议论文1—5 BDCD【语篇分级演练参考答案】语篇分级演练——完形填空篇初级：Passage 1 1—5 BCDAC 6—10 ABCDAPassage 2 1—5 ABDBC 6—10 DACAA中级：Passage 1 1—5 CDACB 6—10 ACCCBPassage 2 1—5 BACDB 6—10 DACBC高级：Passage 1 1—5 BDACB 6—10 DAADB11—15 CBBCAPassage 2 1—5 ABCDB 6—10 CADAB11—15 DCBAC语篇分级演练——阅读理解篇初级：Passage 1 1—5 DCABDPassage 2 1—5 DABCD中级： 1—5 CABDA高级： 1—5 DADAC【书面表达专题练习参考答案】提示作文（一）One possible version：Growing Up HealthilyGrowing up healthily is our duty. Every one of us should try our best to keep ourselves healthy.First of all，keep a balanced diet. We should eat a lot of vegetables and fruit every day. Don’t eat junk food. Drink water instead of cola.Secondly， get enough sleep and enough exercise. Early to bed and early to rise help a lot to our health. Try to sleep eight or nine hours every night. Try to exercise every day or at least two or three times a week and relax ourselves by listening to light music.Besides the physical health， we also need friendship. We should try to get along well with people around us. We can share our problems and happiness with them. And we should often communicate with our parents and teachers. Communication plays an important part in our life.A healthy lifestyle and communicating well with others can help us grow up healthily.提示作文（二）One possible version：Last week I took part in an outdoor activity. About more than eighty students went there. We went to the old people’s home in the morning. Some students helped the old people wash clothes and some cooked dinner for them. We also cleaned the house for them. Some other students performed wonderful programs for them， we sang songs and danced happily. The old people felt very happy. After that， all of us felt tired but very happy， because we did an interesting and mean-ingful thing.应用文（一）One possible version：Dear Susan，When you are not feeling well， the following sugges-tions may be suitable for you：1. Go outside！ Do something active. For example， take a walk， go swimming， or just lie on the grass and watch clouds pass.2. Do something you’re good at！ If you love to sing， then go to turn on some music and sing loudly！3. Start a diary. Write down your thoughts，dreams， problems or anything you want！All in all， if you want to feel well about yourself， you must believe in yourself！Best wishes！Yours，Mike应用文（二）One possible version：Hi，Emily. I think it’s lucky for you to have such good parents. You should understand and respect them， and do what they ask you to do. They have richer experience and better advice for young people. As your parents， they surely hope that you become an excellent person. Their demands are helpful for your growing up.Every member should be responsible and do something for the family. So you should do what you can do， such as keep your room clean and do the washing-up. Remember： Learning by doing.You should keep your hair tidy and wear smart clothes. Teenagers should look like teenagers.Anyway， if you have any problems， just talk with your parents.Chen Lin，图表作文（一）One possible version：Group work is often organized in the English classroom. Let me show you how to do it. Firstly，we have different tasks in group work； Secondly， we discuss the topic the teacher provides；Thirdly， someone writes down the key points and forms a report； Fourthly， one of us comes to the front to make a report. At last， we must finish the task in time.In my opinion， I like the way we study， because it is very interesting and useful. I can talk freely and I can improve my English fast.图表作文（二）One possible version：Dear Editor，I am a student of Grade Nine. We have made a survey “Who will you turn to when you are in trouble”.Here are the results. Most of the students will go to their classmates or friends when getting in trouble because they’re almost the same age. Some students will tell their teachers or parents about their troubles as the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much. Only a few students solve their problems all by themselves.In my opinion， when meeting with troubles，we’d better ask our teachers， parents， friends or classmates for help.Best wishes！Yours， Zhang Ming【英语作文分级演练参考答案】写作篇—初级实战演练（一）One possible version：I met a new pen pal at . Her name is Sarah. She is 13 years old. She has a round face， big blue eyes and long hair. She lives in New York， the USA and she studies in Apple Tree School. Chinese is her favorite subject. She likes going to the movies and playing volleyball with her friends after school.实战演练（二）One possible version：Most boys in my class want to be scientists and engineers， but some boys want to be managers. Most girls like to become teachers. Some girls think working as actors may be their best choice. I think becoming a teacher is my dream because children are the most important to our country and every family. They are the hope and future of our country. I like this job very much.写作篇—中级实战演练（一）One possible version：Lucy is my best friend. She usually does her homework for one and a half hours a day. She likes learning English， so she reads English books every day. She hardly ever watches TV. She surfs the Internet twice a week. She exercises three or four times a week. She goes to the movies once a month. So you see， Lucy has a good lifestyle.实战演练（二）One possible version：Sunday， November 15 WindyThis afternoon I went to the park for a walk. Several children were playing near the lake. Suddenly I heard someone shouting，“Help！ Help！” I ran to the lake and found that a boy had fallen into the water. I jumped into the lake immediately to save him. I pulled him up to the bank. He was saved. Then I called his parents. They were very thankful. Though I was tired and cold then， I was happy.写作篇—高级实战演练（一）My DreamOne possible version：I want to be a writer when I grow up. Writing has been part of my life. Through writing I will be able to share my ideas and make friends with others.I can achieve my dream by reading widely and by working hard at school to learn as much as possible. It’s also important t o find out how successful people did it so that I could learn from them. I’m determined to hold on to my dream till one day it comes true.实战演练（二）One possible version：Reading Makes a Full ManReading is very important in our life. We can get knowledge through reading. It can not only open our minds but also make us more intelligent.Textbooks， newspapers， magazines and other kinds of reading materials can help us know more about the outside world and help us grow into an excellent person.I’m planning to read at least 5 books in the coming holiday. And I’ll spend more time reading every day in my senior high school life. Reading makes a full man！Let’s start reading now.。

2013 考研英语阅读真题Text 3(英语一)

2013 Text 3（英语⼀）Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely— thoughby no means uniformly— glowingly positive.曾经，⼈类的未来似乎⼈⼈光明，只是发展各异。

Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.科技的发展必定能治愈顽疾，满⼈需求，提供契机。

Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic ﬂu and to climate change.然⼈如今乌托邦式的梦想已过时，我们要⼈对的是更可怕的现实，彗星撞地球、重度流感，甚⼈⼈候变更。

You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to. But such gloominess is misplaced.你可能不知不觉地认为⼈类的未来没什么好期待的。

但其实我们也不应该很绝望。

The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years— so why shouldn't we?化⼈资料表明很多物种曾⼈存百万年之久，凭什么认为⼈类不能？Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years.纵观我们物种在宇宙中的位置，很清楚的可以知道我们也许不能活成千上万年，但是存活数⼈年还是很有可能的。