基于Si4432的追踪定位系统 CQD_SI4432

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原文(Si4432资料)

1、DETAILED DESCRIPTIONSilicon Labs‟ IA4432 transceiver is a member of the newEZRadioPROTM family. While retaining all the attractive features ofearlier products such as high integration, low cost, flexibility, lowBill of Materials (BOM) cost, and easy design-in, these parts aretargeted to more sophisticated applications and offer severalenhanced parameters and features, including continuousfrequency coverage from 240-930MHz and output power up to+20dBm. Also included are built-in features like wake-up timer, lowbattery detector, temperature sensor, general purpose Analog toDigital Converter (ADC), TX/RX First-In First-Out Buffers (FIFO‟s),power-on-reset (POR), and general purpose I/Os (GPIOs). The chipincorporates a high performance ADC in the RX path and digitalmodem which performs demodulation, filtering, and packethandling in the digital domain making it ideal for configuration tomultiple applications. These features simplify the task of thesystem designer and allow for the use of lower-endMicrocontrollers. A highly efficient +20dBm power amplifier (PA) is,completely integrated which eliminates the need for an external PA,and makes the part ideal for Frequency Hopping Systems where maximum range is desired. The devices comply with FCC andETSI,requirements when used in any of the standard ISM bands. Onlya,30MHz crystal and a limited number of passivematching/filtering,components are necessary as external components making the,device ideal for high volume production i n applications where size,and cost are critical.The IA4432 is a CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated circuitwhich incorporates all of the transmit and receive functionsrequired for ISM band applications. The chip is designed tooperate over a wide range of freq uencies, voltages, andtemperature with extremely low current consumption whichmakes it ideal for low-data rate battery powered applications.The protocol used by the system utilizes Time DivisionDuplexing (TDD), in which the transceiver alternately transmitsand receives in a burst-like nature. Thereceive path uses asingle-conversion architecture which image-reject mixes the2-level FSK/GFSK/OOK modulated receive signal to a low IFfrequency. Following a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) thesignal is converted to the digital domain by a high performanceΣΔ ADC so filtering, demodulation, slicing, error correction, andpacket handling are performed in the digital domain where theycan be done more efficiently. The resulting demodulated signalis then output to the Microcontroller through a programmableGPIO or over the standard SPI bus by reading the FIFO.A single local oscillator (LO) is used for both transmit andreceive modes since the transmitter and receiver are never onat the same time. The LO is generated by an integrated VCOand ΣΔ Fractional-N PLL synthesizer. The synthesizer isdesigned to allow for configurable data rate, output frequency,frequency deviation, and Gaussian Filtering at any frequencybetween 240-930MHz. The transmit FSK data is modulateddirectly into the Δ-Σdata stream. The data may shaped by aGaussian low-pass filter to achieve a more desirable spectrum.The PA exhibits a maximum output power of +20dBm. Theoutput power is configurable between +11 and +20dBm in 3dBsteps. The PA is single-ended to allow for easy matching andlow BOM cost. The PA incorporates its own ramp-up and rampdownof the burst signal to prevent unwanted spectral splatter.With the integrated +20dBm PA, easy frequency hoppingcontrol, TXRX switch control, and antenna diversity switchcontrol, significant advantages can be achieved. AntennaDiversity is completely integrated into the IA4432 and canimprove the system link budget by 8-10dB in a typicalenvironment. Antenna diversity can improve the range by 50-100% depending on the environment. The +20dBm poweramplifier can also be used to compensate for a lower cost,lower performance antenna reducing the overall system costand geometrical size but still achieving maximum range.2、FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONThe IA4432 is designed to work with a Microcontroller, crystal, and a few passives to create a very low cost system as shown Figure1. Voltage regulators are integrated on-chip which allow for a wide range of operating supply voltage conditions from +1.8 to +3.6V.A standard four pin SPI bus is used to communicate with the Microcontroller. Three configurable general purpose I/Os are availablefor use to tailor towards the needs of the system. A more complete list of the available GPIO functions is shown in section 9 AuxiliaryFunctions but just to name a few, Microcontroller clock output, Antenna Diversity, TRSW control, POR, and specific interrupts. Alimited number of passive components are needed to match the LNA and PA; refer to Section 11, Reference Design for the requiredcomponent values at different frequency ranges.The application below is designed for a system with Antenna Diversity. Using Antenna Diversity can increase the link budget of thesystem by as much as 10dB. The Antenna Diversity Control Algorithm is completely integrated into the chip and is discussed furtherin Section 9.8Antenna-Diversity.2.3 Operating ModesThe following table summarizes the modes of operation of the RFIC. In general, any given mode of operation may be classified as anActive mode or a Power Saving mode. The table indicates which block(s) are enabled (active) in each corresponding mode. With theexception the Shutdown mode, all can be dynamically selected by sending the appropriate commands over the SPI in order tooptimize th e average current consumption. An “X” in any cell means that in the given mode of operation that block can beindependently programmed to be either ON or OFF, without noticeably affecting the current consumption. The SPI circuit blockincludes the SPI interface and the Register Space. The 32kHz OSC circuit block includes the 32.768KHz RC oscillator or 32.768KHzCrystal Oscillator, and Wake-Up-Timer. AUX (Auxiliary Blocks) includes the Temperature Sensor, General Purpose ADC, and Low-Battery Detector.4 CONTROLLER INTERFACE4.1 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)The control logic is designed to accept data over a 3 wire SPI interface, SCLK, SDI, and nSEL. The control logic will also read out datafrom internal registers on a fourth SDO output pin. AN SPI transaction is a 16 bit sequence which consists of a Read-Write (RW)select bit, followed by a 7 bit addressfield(ADDR), and an 8 bit data field(DATA), as demonstrated in Figure 4. The 7 bit address fieldsupports reading from or writing to one of the 128, 8-bit control registers. The RW select bit determines whether the SPI transactionis a write or read transaction. If RW=1 it signifies a WRITE transaction and if RW=0 then it signifies a READ transaction. The contents(ADDR or DATA) are latched into the digi tal block every eight clock cycles. The timing parameters for the SPI interface are shown inthe Serial Interface Timing Parameters Table below. The clock rate for SCLK is flexible with a maximum rate of 10MHz.The SPI may also be used to read data back from the RFIC. In order to read back data from the RFIC the RW bit must be set to …0‟followed by the 7-bit address of the register from which to read. The 8 bit DATA field following the 7 bit ADDR field is ignored whenRW=‟0‟. The next eight positive edge t ransitions of the SCLK signal will clock out the contents of the selected register. The dataread from the selected register will be available on the SDO output pin. The READ function is shown in Figure 5 below. After theREAD function is completed the SDO p in will remain at either a logic …1‟ or logic …0‟ state depending on the last data bit clocked out(D0). When nSEL goes high the SDO output pin will be pulled high by internal pull-up. The SPI interface contains a burst read/write mode which will allows for reading/writing sequential registers without having to resendthe SPI address. When the nSEL bit is held low while continuing to send SCLK pulses, the SPI interface will automaticallyincrement the ADDR and read from/write to the next address. An SPI Burst Write transaction is demonstrated in Figure 6, and burstread in Figure 5. As long as nSEL is held low, input data will be latched into the digital block every eight SCLK cycles. A Burst ReadTransaction is also demonstrated in Figure 74.2 Operating Mode ControlThere are four main states in the Main State Machine, SHUTDOWN, IDLE, TX, and RX (see Figure 8:). The SHUTDOWN statecompletely shuts down the radio to minimize current consumption. There are five different configurations/options for the IDLE statewhich can be selected to optimize the chip to the applications needs. SPI Registers 07h controls which operating mode/state isselected. The TX and RX state may be reached automatically from any of the IDLE states by selecting either the txon or rxon bits. Table 11: shows each of the operating modes with the time required to reach either RX or TX mode as well as the currentconsumption of each mode.The shutdown state is the lowest current consumption state of the chip with nominally only 5nA of current cons umption. Theshutdown state may be entered by setting the SDN pin (Pin 20) =‟1‟. The SDN pin should be = …0‟ in all states except SHUTDOWNstate. In SHUTDOWN state the contents of the registers are lost and there is no SPI access.When the chip is connected to the power supply, a POR will be initiated after the falling edge of SDN.There are five different modes in the IDLE state which may be selected by the SPI Register, 07h. All of the modes have a differenttradeoff between current consumption and response time to TX mode. This isshown above in Table 11:. After the POR event,SWRESET, or exiting from the SHUTDOWN state the chip will default to the IDLE-READY mode.STANDBY mode has the lowest current consumption possible with only the LPLDO enabled to mainta in the SPI register values. Inthis mode the registers can be accessed in both read and write mode. The standby mode can be entered by writing 0h to register07h. If an interrupt has occurred (i.e. the nIRQ pin = …0‟) the interrupt registers must be read to achieve the minimum currentconsumption. Also, the ADC should not be selected as an input to the GPIO in this mode and will cause excess current consumption.In SLEEP mode the LPLDO is enabled along with the Wake-Up-Timer, which can be used to accurately wake-up the radio at specifiedintervals. See section 9.6 for more information on the Wake-Up-Timer. Sleep mode is entered by setting enwt=‟1‟ (40h) in register07h. If an interrupt has occurred (i.e. the nIRQ pin = …0‟) the interrupt registers must be read t o achieve the minimum currentconsumption. Also, the ADC should not be selected as an input to the GPIO in this mode and will cause excess current consumption.In SENSOR Mode either the Low Battery Detector, Temperature Sensor, or both may be enabled in addition to the LPLDO and Wake-Up-Timer. The Low Battery Detector may be enabled to settingenlbd=‟1‟ and the temperature sensor can be enabled by settingents=‟1‟ in register 07h. See sections 9.4 and 9.5 for more information on these features. If an interrupt has occurred (i.e. the nIRQ pin = 0) the interrupt registers must be read to achieve the minimum current consumption.READY Mode is designed to give fast res ponse time to TX mode with reasonable current consumption. In this mode the Crystaloscillator remains enabled reducing the time required to switch to either TX mode by eliminating the crystal start-up time. Readymode is entered by setting xton =‟1‟ in regi ster 07h. To achieve the lowest current consumption state the crystal oscillator buffershould be disabled. This is done by setting the value of register 62h to a value of 02h. To exit ready mode bit 2 of this register mustbe set back to 0.In TUNE Mode the PLL remains enabled in addition to the other blocks which are enabled in the other IDLE Modes. This will give thefastest response to TX mode because the PLL will remain locked but it comes at the price of the highest current consumption. Thismode of operation is designed for Frequency Hopping Systems. Tune mode is entered by setting pllon = …1‟ in register 07h, i.e. thevalue of register 07h should be 02h. It is not necessary to set xton to …1‟ for this mode, the internal state machine knows that thecrystal oscillator needs to be running in this mode and will enable it automatically.The TX state may be entered from any of the Idle Modes when the txon bit is set to …1‟ in SPI Register 07h. A built-in sequencer takescare of all the actions required to transition between states from enabling the Crystal Oscillator to ramping up the PA to preventunwanted spectral splatter. The followingsequence of events will occur automatically when going from STANDBY mode to TX modeby setting the txon bit.1. Enable the Main Digital LDO and the Analog LDOs2. Start up crystal oscillator and wait until ready (controlled by timer)3. Enable PLL4. Calibrate VCO (this action is skipped when the vcocal bit is “0”, default value is “1”)5. Wait until PLL settles to required transmit frequency (controlled by timer)6. Activate Power Amplifier and wait until power ramping is completed (controlled by timer)7. Transmit PacketThe first few steps may be eliminated depending on which IDLE mode the chip is configured to prior to setting the txon bit. Bydefault, the VCO and PLL are calibrated every time the PLL is enabled. If the ambient temperature is constant and the samefrequency band is being used these functions may be skipped by setting the appropriate bits in SPI Register 55h.Th e RX state may be entered from any of the Idle modes when the rxon bit is set to …1‟ in the SPI Register 07h. A built-in sequencertakes care of all the actions required to transition from one of the IDLE modes to the RX state. The following sequence of events willoccur automatically to get the chip into RX mode when going from STANDBY mode to RX mode by setting the rxon bit:1. Enable the Main Digital LDO and the Analog LDOs2. Start up crystal oscillator and wait until ready (controlled by timer)3. Enable PLL4. Calibrate VCO (this action is skipped when the vcocal bit is “0”, default value is “1”)5. Wait until PLL settles to required transmit frequency (controlled by timer)6. Enable receive circuits: LNA, mixers, and ADC7. Calibrate ADC (RC calibration)8. Enable receive mode in the Digital ModemDepending on the configuration of the radio all or some of the following functions will be performed automatically by the DigitalModem: AGC, AFC (optional), update status registers, bit synchronizati on, packet handling (optional) including sync word, headercheck, and CRC.1、详细描述Si4432收发器是新的EZRadioPRO系列产品中的新产品，它保留了以前产品的所有优越特点，比如：高集成度、低成本、灵活性，外围精简和很容易设计等特点。

Si4432的无线热网监测系统设计

Si4432的无线热网监测系统设计李玉冬【期刊名称】《单片机与嵌入式系统应用》【年(卷),期】2012(012)001【摘要】针对目前热网监测系统中存在的问题，设计了一款基于C8051F310和Si4432通用无线收发模块的无线热网系统，并对其硬件和软件设计中的关键技术进行了说明。

实验证明，该系统具有较远的通信距离和较强的穿墙能力，并且通信误码率较低。

%To solve the problems in current hear-supply network monitoring system, a wireless heat-supply network system is designed based on C8051F310 and Si4432 general wireless transmission module. The key techniques of hardware and software designs are discussed. Test result shows that the system has far distance, strong ability through the wall and low bit error rate.【总页数】4页(P46-49)【作者】李玉冬【作者单位】哈尔滨汇鑫科技有限公司开发部,哈尔滨150070【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP89【相关文献】1.基于无线传感网的铁路隧道环境无线监测系统设计* [J], 张振海;党建武;闵永智2.基于WIA无线网络技术的热网计量监测系统的应用 [J], 赵旦;李倩;陈国朝;刘国安3.无线电遥测在热网监测中的有效应用 [J], 王俊义4.无线监测系统在热网工程中的应用 [J], 胥传平5.无线电遥测在热网监测中的应用 [J], 梁高因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

基于Si4432的温室环境监测无线组网模块设计

基于Si4432的温室环境监测无线组网模块设计陈慧;吴次南;刘泽文【摘要】采用PIC24FJ64微处理器和Si4432无线收发芯片设计了无线组网模块,利用此无线组网模块搭建了温室控制器、数据采集器电路并编写了组网通信协议和上位机显示界面程序.该系统具有功耗低,数据可靠性高、适用性好的特点.经实际测试,系统休眠电流为4.5μA,空中传输速率是9.6 kbps,通信距离在空旷条件下可达1000 m.%In the paper,the wireless networking module is designed with PIC24FJ64 microprocessor and Si4432 wireless transceiver chip. The greenhouse controller and the data collector circuit are used to set up the network communication protocol and the host computer display interface program.The system has the characteristics of low-power consumption,high data reliability and high applicability.The experiment results show that the system sleep current is 4.5 μA,the air transfer rate is 9.6 kbps,the communication distance in the open condition is up to 1000 m.【期刊名称】《单片机与嵌入式系统应用》【年(卷),期】2018(018)001【总页数】4页(P45-47,72)【关键词】无线传感器网络;Si4432;无线组网;温湿度检测【作者】陈慧;吴次南;刘泽文【作者单位】贵州大学大数据与信息工程学院,贵阳 550025;贵州大学大数据与信息工程学院,贵阳 550025;清华大学【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TP27引言随着物联网的兴起，将无线传感器网络技术应用于温室环境监控系统成为农业研究的热门方向。

SI4432数传模块使用说明.

RF4432D20通讯协议PC软件开启后,设置相应COM口,点击打开按钮,使能所选择的COM口,同时向模块发送读取产品型号和版本号的指令(约1s发送一次,直到收到模块返回的相关信息,在窗口中显示出来,同时在下方的状态栏显示“Device Found!”的信息。

PC运行时需不断检测设备连接情况(约一秒发送一次“读取产品型号和版本号”的指令,当设备拔出或者没有任何响应时应在下方状态栏显示“Device Not Found!”的信息,此时上面的产品信息框应无效(变为灰色状态。

在模块正常连接后,模块便处于“可设置参数”的状态。

用户可以通过PC界面修改相关参数,如:工作频段、信道,无线传输速率,发射功率,串口传输速率、数据位、停止位、奇偶效验位,NET ID,NODE ID等,然后点击“SET”按钮对模块进行设置,每次参数成功改变后都会回传”OK”信息,PC软件收到OK的回应后需弹出成功操作的提示对话框;否则输出“ERROR”,弹出操作错误的对话框,如PC发送指令之后0.5s内没有任何响应,则发生通讯错误,亦弹出操作错误的对话框。

这些设置后的参数掉电均可保存。

用户点击读取当前参数的按钮,模块将返回当前模块的所有参数信息。

用户点击“DEFAULT”按钮将模块的参数设置为出厂默认值。

PC 通过串口发送配置指令遵循以下协议(不可改变:串口传输速率= 9600 bps 数据位= 8 Bits 停止位= 1 Bits 奇偶效验位= 无配置指令的格式为:AA FA + 指令+ [参数]指令为1字节,参数为0或14字节的HEX数据。

返回值都以“\r\n”结束配置和查询指令描述:1.指令[AA]:读取模块的产品型号以及版本号,其后不带[参数]配置指令为:AA FA AA返回值为:“RF4432D20_VER1.0\r\n”2.指令[01]:读模块当前设置的参数,其后不带[参数]配置指令为:AA FA 01返回值依次为:信道—频段—无线传输速率—发射功率—串口传输速率—串口数据位—串口停止位—串口奇偶效验位—NET ID—NODE ID—\r\n例如,当模块设置为出厂默认值时,返回值如下:3.指令[02]:恢复模块出厂默认参数,其后不带[参数]配置指令为:AA FA 02返回指令:“OK\r\n”或"ERROR\r\n"默认参数为:工作频率= 433.92 MHz 传输速率= 9600 bps 发射功率= +20 dbm串口传输速率= 9600 bps 数据位= 8 Bits 停止位= 1 Bits 奇偶效验位= 无NET ID = 00 00 00 00 NODE ID = 00 004.指令[03]:参数设置命令,所带[参数]为14字节,顺序如下:信道—频段—传输速率—发射功率—串口传输速率—串口数据位—串口停止位—串口奇偶效验位—NET ID 配置指令为:AA FA 03 XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX返回指令:“OK\r\n”或"ERROR\r\n"1工作频段一共有4个工作频段,如下表所示:参数01 02 03 04433 MHz 470 MHz 868 MHz 915 MHz 频段414.92 ~ 453.92 MHz 470.92 ~ 509.92 MHz 849.92 ~ 888.92 MHz 895.92 ~ 934.92 MHz2信道每个频段又分为40个信道,相邻信道之间相差1MHz,具体对应频率如下表所示:3无线传输速率设置无线传输速率,[参数]占1字节。

Si4432无线芯片在普适农业系统中的应用

系统主频配置为４ｚＭＨ。微控制器模块的主要功能
ＰＣ６８７Ｉ１Ｆ７Ａ单片机的无线射频收发系统。该系统由
传感器节点和控制中心组成。感器节点主要检测
温湿度值，通过Ｓ４３并ｉ４２发送出去；制中心的控Ｓ４２模块负责接收所有传感器节点发送过来的温ｉ３４
要：为了解决无线模块发射距离近、透能力差的问题，Ｓ４３穿将ｉ４２模块应用于普适农业系统 … ，现了较大实
范围农田的温湿度远程监测。该系统由控制中心和传感器节点组成，每个节点包括ＰＣ６８７Ｉ１Ｆ７Ａ单片机、ｉ４２Ｓ４３无线模块和ＳＴ０温湿度传感器，制中心负责接收、示、Ｈ１控显存储和发送温湿度信息。实验证明，系统可以达该
步字、上电复位等情况发生，相应的中断被使能时，且
１都会产生一个低电平，７脚以通知ＰＣ６８７Ｉ１Ｆ７Ａ有中
・
模式下寄存器中的内容会丢失，且不允许ＳＩ问，Ｐ访但芯片的电流损耗只有１ｎ功耗很低，０Ａ，因此适合要求
段。内部集成分集式天线、功率放大器、唤醒定时器、
数字调制解调器、４字节的发送和接收数据ＦＦ以６ＩＯ，
及可配置的ＧＩＰＯ等。

基于Si4432的散射式大气低能见度仪设计

为能见度检测原理，Ｃｏｒｔｅｘ — Ｍ３及ＲＴＯＳ设计的嵌入式控制系统实现数据读取、处理及系统管理，预警数据采用三种输出模式。场外实验表明样机的功能和性能均
达到了设计要求，误差控制在２０％内。
ｓ：ｅ－求解，有：（５）
Ｖ：一坐
（６）
式（５）即为Ｋｏｓｃｈｍｉｅｄｉｒ定律，式（６）为白天能见度的基本计算公式。Ｋｏｓｅｈｍｉｅｄｉｒ定律是确定天白能见度的理论基础，反映的是假定消光系数为常数，也就是大气处于均匀状态时，对于以水平天空为背景的黑色目标物，大气的透明程度以及目标物对于背景的对比度随距离变化的规律。由该定律可知，只要测得消光系数，就可计算得到能见度值。气象观测上，通常取视觉阀值＝ｏ．０２，而大气光学视程（ＭＯＲ）定义Ｆ＝Ｏ．０５，代入式（５），可得到气象能见度和Ｍ０Ｒ的值：
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一
鳗廑一＿
基于Ｓｉ４４３２的散射式大气低能见度仪设计
淮阴师范学院物电学院宋毅鲍恩波
【摘要】针对能见度检测仪实际应用中功耗、实 ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้性、扩展兼容性和成本等问题，设计７一款基于Ｓｉ４４３２散射式大气低能见度仪。设计中根据测量前向散射光强度

基于Si4432的无线射频通信模块的设计与实现

・
４０・
《测控技术｝０２年第３２１１卷第４期
基于Ｓ４２的无线射频通信模块的设计与实现ｉ３４
李正民，王建辉，刘伟伟
（郑州大学信息工程学院，河南郑州４００）５０１
摘要：对无线自组网在组网中所需的低功耗、距离的无线通信模块，计并实现了一款基于针近设Ｃ０１９０单片机和Ｓ４２无线射频芯片的无线通信模块，绍了系统的架构，对其硬件和软件设８５Ｆ３ｉ３４介并计中的关键技术进行了说明。测试表明，无线通信能够满足无线自组网对无线通信模块的近距离、该低

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基于SI4432的变电站远程监控系统设计

基于SI4432的变电站远程监控系统设计摘要：针对目前变电站远程监控系统布线复杂，可靠性低等缺陷，设计了一种基于SI4432无线通信芯片的变电站远程监控系统，本系统具有传送距离远、数据无线传输可靠性高、布置灵活等特点。

介绍了SI4432芯片的特点和系统的硬件结构原理，给出了系统总体设计框图和软件流程图，并详细地分析了无线收发模块与AD7656模拟量采集模块的构成。

实验结果验证了采用SI4432芯片设计变电站远程监控系统的可行性，该系统灵活可靠，有较大的应用前景。

关键词：变电站监控，无线传输，SI4432，AD7656Design of converting station remote monitoring based on SI4432Chang LeiHan Bing(Henan Xinyang Electric Power Company, Xinyang 464000)Abstract: For the defects of installation complex and low reliability in converting station remote monitoring, a low-power and wireless converting station remote monitoring system based on SI4432 is designed, system have some advanced features consisted of far transmission distance and reliability of wireless transmission data and decorate flexible. The characteristics of SI4432 and structural principle are introduced, the hardware design block diagram and soft flow chart are given, and the wireless transceiver modules and AD7656 modules is detailed analysis. Experimental results verify the design converting station remote monitoring system based on SI4432 is feasibility, the system is stable and reliable, has a greater prospect.Keywords: remote monitoring; wireless translate; SI4432; AD7656引言针对变电站监控对象具有点多，面广，分布区域大等特点，对变电站的集中监控越来越受人重视。

SI4432无线模块详细资料

1：Features…Frequency Rangez433/470/868/915MHz ISMbands…Sensitivity = –121 dBm …Output power rangez+20 dBm Max (SI4432TR4S) …Low Power Consumptionz18.5 mA receivez30 mA @ +13 dBm transmitz85 mA @ +20 dBm transmit …Data Rate = 0.123 to 256 kbps …FSK, GFSK, and OOK modulation…Power Supply = 1.8 to 3.6 V …Ultra low power shutdown mode …Digital RSSI2：Applications …Wake-up timer…Auto-frequency calibration (AFC)…Power-on-reset (POR) …Antenna diversity and TRswitch control…Configurable packet handler …Preamble detector…TX and RX 64 byte FIFOs …Low battery detector …Temperature sensor and 8-bit ADC…–40 to +85 °C temperature range …Integrated voltage regulators …Frequency hopping capability …On-chip crystal tuning…Low cost…Remote control …Home security & alarm…Telemetry …Personal data logging …Toy control…Tire pressure monitoring…Wireless PC peripherals3：Description …Remote meter reading …Remote keyless entry …Home automation …Industrial control …Sensor networks …Health monitors …Tag readersSI4432TR4S are highly integrated, low cost,433/470/868/915MHZwireless ISM transceivers module. The low receive sensitivity(–121dBm) coupledwith industry leading +20dBm output power ensures extended range andimproved link performance. Built-in antenna diversity andsupport for frequency hopping can be used to further extend range andenhance performance.Additional system features such as an automatic wake-uptimer, low battery detector, 64 byte TX/RX FIFOs, automatic packet handling, and preamble detection reduce overall current consumption and allow the use oflower-cost system MCUs. An integrated temperature sensor, general purposeADC, power- on-reset (POR), and GPIOs further reduce overall system cost andsize.The SI4432TR4S’s digital receive archit e cture features a high-performance ADCand DSP based modem which performs demodulation, filtering,and packet handling for increased flexibility and performance. Thedirect digital transmit modulation and automatic PA power ramping ensureprecise transmit modulation and reduced spectral spreading ensuring compliance with global regulations including FCC, ETSI.An easy-to-use calculator is provided to quickly configure the radio settings, simplifying customer's system design and reducing time to market.ＳＩ４４３２ＴＲ４ＳＳＩ４４３２ＴＲ４Ｓ－Ｌ4.Electrical SpecificationsTable1.DC CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Supply Voltage Range V DD 1.8 3.0 3.6VI Shutdown RC Oscillator, Main Digital Regulator,and Low Power Digital Regulator OFF—1550nAI Standby Low Power Digital Regulator ON (Register values retained)and Main Digital Regulator, and RC Oscillator OFF—450800nAI Sleep RC Oscillator and Low Power Digital Regulator ON(Register values retained) and Main Digital Regulator OFF—1—µAI Sensor-LBD Main Digital Regulator and Low Battery Detector ON,Crystal Oscillator and all other blocks OFF—1—µAI Sensor-TS Main Digital Regulator and Temperature Sensor ON,Crystal Oscillator and all other blocks OFF —1—µAPower Saving ModesI Ready Crystal Oscillator and Main Digital Regulator ON,all other blocks OFF. Crystal Oscillator buffer disabled—800—µA TUNE Mode Current I Tune Synthesizer and regulators enabled—8.5—mA RX Mode Current I RX—18.5—mA TX Mode Current—SI4432TR4S I TX_+20txpow[2:0] = 111 (+20 dBm)—85—mATable2.Digital IO Specifications(MISO,MISI,SCLK,nSEL,and nIRQ)Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Rise Time T RISE0.1 x V DD to 0.9 x V DD, C L= 5 pF——8ns Fall Time T FALL0.9 x V DD to 0.1 x V DD,C L= 5 pF——8ns Input Capacitance C IN——1pF Logic High Level Input Voltage V IH V DD– 0.6——V Logic Low Level Input Voltage V IL—0.6V Input Current I IN0<V IN< V DD–100—100nAV OH I OH<1 mA source, V DD=1.8 V V DD– 0.6——V Logic High Level OutputVoltageLogic Low Level Output Voltage V OL I OL<1 mA sink, V DD=1.8 V——0.6VTable3.GPIO Specifications(GPIO_0,GPIO_1,and GPIO_2)Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Rise Time T RISE0.1 x V DD to 0.9 x V DD,——8nsC L= 10 pF, DRV<1:0>=HH——8ns Fall Time T FALL0.9 x V DD to 0.1 x V DD,C L= 10 pF, DRV<1:0>=HHInput Capacitance C IN——1pF Logic High Level Input Voltage V IH V DD– 0.6—V Logic Low Level Input Voltage V IL——0.6V Input Current I IN0<V IN< V DD–100—100nA Input Current If Pullup is Activated I INP V IL=0 V5—25µA Maximum Output CurrentI OmaxLL DRV<1:0>=LL0.10.50.8mAI OmaxLH DRV<1:0>=LH0.9 2.3 3.5mAI OmaxHL DRV<1:0>=HL 1.5 3.1 4.8mAI OmaxHH DRV<1:0>=HH 1.8 3.6 5.4mAV DD– 0.6——V Logic High Level Output Voltage V OH I OH< I Omax source,V DD=1.8 V——0.6V Logic Low Level Output Voltage V OL I OL< I Omax sink,V DD=1.8 VTable4.Absolute Maximum RatingsParameter Value Unit V DD to GND–0.3, +3.6V Instantaneous V RF-peak to GND on TX Output Pin–0.3, +8.0V Sustained V RF-peak to GND on TX Output Pin–0.3, +6.5V Voltage on Digital Control Inputs–0.3, V DD+ 0.3V Voltage on Analog Inputs–0.3, V DD+ 0.3V RX Input Power+10dBm Operating Temperature Range (special crystal is used on the module) T S–40 to +85°C Operating Temperature Range (Normal crystal is used on the module) T N–20 to +60°C Thermal Impedance JA30°C/W Storage Temperature Range T STG–55 to +125°C Note: Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at or beyond these ratings in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Power Amplifier may be damaged if switched on without proper load or termination connected. TX matching network design will influence TX V RF-peak on TX output pin. Caution: ESD sensitive device.5.Pin Descriptions:VCC S+1.8to+3.6V supply voltage.The recommended V CC supply voltage is+3.3V.GND S Ground reference.GPIO_0I/O GPIO_1I/O GPIO_2I/O General Purpose Digital I/O that may be configured through the registers to perform various functions including:Microcontroller Clock Output,FIFO status,POR,Wake-Up timer,Low Battery Detect,TRSW,AntDiversity control,etc.See the SPI GPIO Configuration Registers, Address0Bh,0Ch,and0Dh for more information.MISO O 0–V CC V digital output that provides a serial readback function of the internal controlMISI I Serial Data input.0–V CC V digital input.This pin provides the serial data stream for the4-line serial data bus.SCLK I Serial Clock input.0–V DD V digital input.This pin provides the serial data clock function for the4-line serial data bus.Data is clocked into the SI4432TR4S on positive edge transitions.nSEL I Serial Interface Select input.0–V CC V digital input.This pin provides the Select/Enablefunction for the4-line serial data bus.The signal is also used to signify burst read/write mode.nIRQ O General Microcontroller Interrupt Status output.When the SI4432TR4S exhibits anyone of the Interrupt Events the nIRQ pin will be set low=0.Please see the Control Logic registers section for more information on the Interrupt Events.The Microcontroller can then determine the state of the interrupt by reading a corresponding SPI Interrupt Status Registers,AddressSDN I Shutdown input pin.0–V CC V digital input.SDN should be=0in all modes except Shutdownmode.When SDN=1the chip will be completely shutdown and the contents of the registers will be lost.TXC I Tx Antenna select input pin,When SI4432TR4S is TX state,TX_ANT should be=1,RX_ANTshould be=0RXC I Rx Antenna select input pin,When SI4432TR4S is RX state,RX_ANT should be=1,TX_ANTshould be=0ANT I/O RF signal output/input.(50OHM output/input Impedance) 6：Module SizeGPIO 0GPIO2GPIO1GNDVCC MISO MISI SCLK nSELTXCRXC SDN ANT GNDGNDnIRQＳＩ４４３２ＴＲ４Ｓ－ＬＳＩ４４３２ＴＲ４Ｓ。

SI4432灵敏度测试

测试的前提条件是 SI4432 寄存器能正确配置，射频部分工作已经基本正常。
注意 SI4432 同步字（Sync Word）的长度和数值必须设置，否则将无法接收测试信号。
2. E4432C 信号发生器的连接与测试：
信号发生器的设置过程如下，如调制参数有不同请自行修改。确认信号发生器电源通过 3 孔插座可靠接地（若地线上有泄漏的工频交流，可能严重损坏信号发生器和被测模块，并可能危及操作者安全！同时操作者也必须进行静电防护措施，例如佩戴手环！）打开其电源，按下 Mode 键后，选择屏幕右侧软键（后简称软键）中的 Real time I/Q BaseBand 键进入调制设置界面。
完成上述设置后，误码率测试已经可以开始进行了，不过与其他仪器一样，在测试前，我们还需要对该模块进行自检，以保证其功能可靠运行。
在 E4432C 的后面板上，如右图所示将
BER DATA IN 接口与 DATA OUT 接口，BER CLK IN 接口与 DATA CLK OUT 接口对连，这样做的目的是将调制前的数据和时钟直接送给 BER 测试模块，以判断其工作是否正常。若模块及连接均正确，则此时的误码率测试主界面左下角不应有任何错提示，若出现“NO DATA”或“NO CLK”的提示，则应检查上面的连接是否正确。
在第 3 屏中，需要设置的有 Clock Polarity 和 Data Polarity 软键，Clock Gate 功能在这个测试中没有使用，其两个相关两个软键可按图中的默认设置；Impedance 软键用于指定输入解调后时钟和数据的数字端口的输入特性，在本测试中可选择 TTL 电平接口。
使用最上方的 BERT 软键将该功能设置为 On 状态，Configure Trigger 软键的界面将制定测试开始的触发条件，可选择使用 Trigger 键（右侧键盘中）触发测试，其余设置保持默认即可。选择 Configure BERT 软键进入误码率设置界面。

E27是基于SI4432芯片的433MHz无线模块,小体积贴片型,发射功率高、接受灵敏度高、谐波小

SI4432无线模块E27系列本说明书可能会随着产品的不断改进有所更改，请以最新版的说明书为准成都亿佰特电子科技有限公司保留对本说明中所有内容的最终解释权及修改权版本修订日期修订说明维护人1.00 2017/12/05 初始版本huaa1.10 2018/01/30 型号名称变更huaa产品概述E27系列产品是成都亿佰特公司设计生产的一款433MHz射频模块，小体积贴片型(引脚间距1.27mm)，最大功率20dBm。

模块自带高性能，弹簧天线，具有极好的阻抗匹配，具有发射功率高，接受灵敏度高，发射电流小，谐波小等特点。

E27系列产品采用Silicon Labs公司的SI4432射频芯片，芯片内置天线多样化和支持跳频，具有优越的抗干扰性能；同时，其内部还具有额外的功能，如：自动唤醒定时器，低电池电量检测器，64 字节发射/接收，自动数据包处理，集成温度传感器，模拟数字转化器，上电复位等等。

E27系列产品为硬件平台，出厂无程序，用户需要进行二次开发。

产品型号载波频率发射功率参考距离(PCB/IPX) 封装形式天线形式E27 (433M20S) 433M 20dBm 1600m 贴片邮票孔目录产品概述 (1)1. 技术参数 (3)1.1. E27(433M20S) (3)1.2. 参数说明 (3)2. 机械特性 (4)2.1 E27(433M20S) (4)2.1.1 尺寸图 (4)2.1.2 引脚定义 (4)3. 推荐连线图 (5)4. 生产指导 (5)2.2 回流焊温度 (5)2.3 回流焊曲线图 (6)5. 常见问题 (6)5.1. 通信距离很近 (6)5.2. 模块易损坏 (7)6. 重要声明 (7)7. 关于我们 (7)1.技术参数产品型号核心IC 尺寸模块净重工作温度工作湿度储存温度E27 (433M20S) SI4432 16 * 16 mm 0.7±0.1g -40 ~ 85℃10% ~ 90% -40 ~ 125°C1.1.E27 (433M20S)参数类别Min Typ Max 单位发射电流78 83 91 mA接收电流14.7 18.5 20.0 mA关断电流0.4 0.5 0.6 μA发射功率19 20 21 dBm 接收灵敏度-119 -121 -123 dBm 推荐工作频段425 433 525 MHz 供电电压 1.8 3.3 3.6 V通信电平 1.8 3.3 3.6 V1.2.参数说明●在针对模块设计供电电路时，往往推荐保留30%以上余量，有整机利于长期稳定地工作；●发射瞬间需求的电流较大但是往往因为发射时间极短，消耗的总能量可能更小；●当客户使用外置天线时，天线与模块在不同频点上的阻抗匹配程度不同会不同程度地影响发射电流的大小；●射频芯片处于纯粹接收状态时消耗的电流称为接收电流，部分带有通信协议的射频芯片或者开发者已经加载部分自行开发的协议于整机之上，这样可能会导致测试的接收电流偏大；●处于接纯粹收状态的电流往往都是mA级的，µA级的“接收电流”需要开发者通过软件进行处理；●当前灵敏度均为在空中速率为1kbps下测试；●关断电流往往远远小于整机电源部分的在空载时所消耗的电流，不必过分苛求；●由于物料本身具有一定误差，单个LRC元件具有±0.1%的误差，但犹豫在整个射频回路中使用了多个LRC元件，会存在误差累积的情况，致使不同模块的发射电流与接收电流存在差异；●降低发射功率可以一定程度上降低功耗，但由于诸多原因降低发射功率发射会降低内部PA的效率。

si4432无线收发系统方案设计

Si4432无线收发系统方案设计无线收发系统框图如下：无线收发芯片Si4432和msp430f1611单片机的无线射频收发系统。

该系统由发送模块和接收模块组成。

发送模块主要将要发送的数据经msp430f1611处理后，通过Si4432发送出去；在接收模块中，Si4432则将数据正确接收后通过液晶显示出来，从而实现短距离的无线通信。

该系统实现了低功耗、小体积、高灵敏度条件下的高质量无线数据传输。

发送模块中的msp430f1611将数据传送给 Si4432进行编码处理，并以特定的格式经天线发送给接收模块。

接收模块对接收到的射频信号放大、解调之后，再将数据送给主控制器msp430f1611进行相应的处理，如送液晶显示等。

系统提供了液晶人机交互界面，还留有RS232接口可以实现与PC 机通信。

1 无线收发芯片Si4432Msp430f1611 控制模块串口通信max232 USB 供电系统发送模块Si4432 2.4寸液晶显示模块30MHz 晶振 8MHz 晶振 Msp430f1611 控制模块串口通信max232 USB 供电系统接收模块Si4432 2.4寸液晶显示模块30MHz 晶振 8MHz 晶振图1：无线收发发送模块图1：无线收发接收模块Si4432芯片是Silicon Labs公司推出的一款高集成度、低功耗、多频段的EZRadioPRO 系列无线收发芯片。

其工作电压为1．9～3．6 V，20引脚QFN封装(4 mm×4 mm)，可工作在315／433／868／915 MHz四个频段；内部集成分集式天线、功率放大器、唤醒定时器、数字调制解调器、64字节的发送和接收数据FIFO，以及可配置的GPIO等。

Si4432在使用时所需的外部元件很少，1个30 MHz的晶振、几个电容和电感就可组成一个高可靠性的收发系统，设计简单，且成本低。

Si4432的接收灵敏度达到-117 dB，可提供极佳的链路质量，在扩大传输范围的同时将功耗降至最低；最小滤波带宽达8 kHz，具有极佳的频道选择性；在240～960 MHz频段内，不加功率放大器时的最大输出功率就可达+20dBm，设计良好时收发距离最远可达 2 km。

基于si4432家庭电能管控系统的设计

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引言
在全球气候形势的日趋严峻、低碳生活的大力倡导的环境下，节约用电已经成为现代家居的重要表现。在我国，虽然家庭对电力节能与设备用电管控较为重视，然而仍旧停留在经验与对比的层次上，市场尚缺乏具备人性化的点能管控系统。一款新型的家庭电能管控系统不仅可以对室内的所有电力设备的能耗情况进行监测 … ，提高用户用电计量透明度，让用户对家庭用电状况有清晰的了解，甚至能够根据能耗历史曲线发现设备老化等安全隐患。论文设计的家庭电能管控终端通过基于ＳＩ４４３２：艺＝片在４３３ＭＨｚ上形成了一个自组网的ＷＳＮ，不仅具备体积小、成本低、等众多优势，而且成功避免了家庭布线困难等问题。用户信息集中器节点通过ＷＳＮ网络可以实时接收管控终端采集到的用电信息，通过电啮交互程序，用户可以查询家中各个用电设备的电流、功率等用电参数和相应的统计与预测信息。并且，该终端也能够实现在用电状态不正常的情况下自动发送警报或切断电源功能，以实现安全用电的目的。
摘
要
论文基于无线传感网（ＷＳＮ），设计了一种适用于智能用电的家庭电能管控系统。该系

Si4432、si4431+寄存器设置_RevV-v23中文版

OOK 接收调制器。

Fd)调制类型和使能/禁用输入您要的频率并产生寄存器的值到相应的SPI 寄存器。

最多可以设置从 10kHz 到 2.55MHz 以10KHz 为步长的多个邻频间隔。

频道数范围从0~255
最低频率邻频间隔频道数Fc [MHz][kHz]#[MHz]433
433
邻频间隔频道数频段选择fhs[7:0]fhch[7:0]hbsel fb[4:0]
7Ah 79h 75h 75h 00
000
13。

)
禁用曼切斯特模式
说明：
RX/TX 载波设
置
应用参数
中心频率寄存器值 (HEX-16进制)
说明：
输入要求的RX BW(带宽),实际的Rx 信道滤波带宽可以比要求的RX BW 更大。

最多的应用，推荐使能峰值检测器和频移检测器
Rb RX BW rxosr [kbps]
[kHz]dec 9.6
400
420.2
19.50
中频滤波器抽取率信道滤波
ndec_exp[2:0]filset[3:0]dwn3_bypass rxosr[10:0]1Ch [6:4]
1Ch [3:0]1Ch [7]20h, 21h
3
A 109C
Channel filter BW 应用参数调制器设置寄存器值
OOK RX 调制器设置
OK I 寄存器。

WDS 指令
(HEX-调制器 WDS
改变,
比要求的置
调制器 WDS 指 WDS 指令频偏WDS 指令
SPI
10
滤波器带宽
210
1循环变速超速
2
1 0 1
，仅仅。

基于SI4432 的无线收发模块

的操作是通过 SPI 对 07H 寄存器的连续读或者写进行的。在 FIFO Mode 下， RF4432 自动退出发送或者接收状态，当相关的中断信号产生，并且自动处理字头和 CRC 校验码。在接收数据时，自动把字头和 CRC 校验码移去。在发送数据时，自动加上字头和 CRC 校验码。
B、Direct Mode 在直接收发模式下，RF4432 如传统的射频收发器一样工作。 C、PN9 Mode 在这种模式下的 Tx 数据是内部产生使用伪随机（ PN9 序列）位发生器。这种模式的目的是用作测试模式不断观察调制频谱，而不必负载/提供数据。
5
VCC
6
SDO
7
SDI
8
SCLK
9
nSEL
10
nIRQ
11
SDN
12
GND
13
ANT
接电源地
描述
内部已接模块的发射控制脚
内部已接模块的接收控制脚
直接连芯片的 GPIO2 引脚
接电源正极 3.3V
0～VDD V 数字输出，提供了对内部控制寄存器的串行回读功能
串行数据输入。0～VDD V 数字输入。该引脚为 4 线串行数据串行数据流总线。串行时钟输入。0～VDD V 数字输入。该引脚提供了 4 线串行数据时钟功能。串行接口选择输入引脚。0～VDD V 数字输入。这个引脚为 4 线串行数据总线提供选择/使能功能，这个信号也用于表示突发读/写模式。
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深圳市凌承芯电子有限公司
三、应用
遥控器远程抄表家庭安防报警及远程无钥匙进入工业控制家庭自动化遥测个人数据记录

玩具控制传感器网络轮胎气压监测健康监测无线 PC 外围设备标签读写器

安信可SI4432模块用户手册

安信可SI4432模块用户手册SI4432模块用户手册Ver 1.02016年12月免责申明和公告本文中的信息，包括供参考的URL地址，如有变更，恕不另行通知。

文档“按现状”提供，不负任何担保责任，包括对适销性、适用于特定用途或非侵权性的任何担保，和任何提案、规格或样品在他处提到的任何担保。

本文档不负任何责任，包括使用本文档内信息产生的侵犯任何专利权行为的责任。

本文档在此未以禁止反言或其他方式授予任何知识产权使⽤许可，不管是明示许可还是暗示许可。

文中提到的所有商标名称、商标和注册商标均属其各自所有者的财产，特此声明。

注意由于产品版本升级或其他原因，本手册内容有可能变更。

深圳市安信可科技有限公司保留在没有任何通知或者提示的情况下对本手册的内容进行修改的权利。

本手册仅作为使用指导，深圳市安信可科技有限公司尽全力在本手册中提供准确的信息，但是深圳市安信可科技有限公司并不确保手册内容完全没有错误，本手册中的所有陈述、信息和建议也不构成任何明示或暗示的担保。

版本信息目录1.产品概述 ............................................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

1.1.安信可SI4432无线模块特性 ............................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

1.2.应用 ..................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。

SI4463、SI4438、SI4432方案比对

SI4463、SI4438、SI4432方案比对
1.基本参数对比
以上图片是成都亿佰特科技有限公司基于SI4463、SI4438和SI4432三款芯片设计的相关产品，上述列表是基于三款产品的测试数据。

2.功能简述
SI4432：
SI4432是一款高集成度的芯片，减少了外围器件的成本，同时简化了整个系统设计，其具有极低的接收灵敏度、+20dBm的功率输出、内置天线多样性、支持跳频以及价格低廉和通信距离远等市场优势。

非常适用于天线尺寸比较限制或天线性能较低的方案中。

SI4432是一款ISM无线收发器，可以在240~960MHz的频率范围内连续调谐。

1.8V~3.6V 的宽工作电压和低电流消耗，让其非常适合用在电池供电的方案中。

同时，SI4432内部还集成了温度传感器，通用ADC和低电池电压检测器。

SI4438：
SI4438是一款高性能，低电流，ISM无线收发器，1.8V~3.6V的宽电压供电范围和低功耗，非常适合于电池供电应用中。

SI4438内部集成有时分双工(TDD)收发器，以分组交替的形式进行发送和接收数据，杰出的-124dBm灵敏度，超高的+20dBm输出功率，实现了业界领先的144dB链路预算，实现了扩展和高度可靠的通信链路。

SI4438覆盖了425~525MHz频段，专门针对国内智能仪器市场，所以非常适合智能电表方案中。

SI4463：
相比来说，SI4463频率适用范围，灵敏度，接收电流等都要优于SI4438和SI4432，而且实际应用方案中，通信距离也要优于另外两款，当然相比来说价格会更高一些，所以SI4463比较适用于对性能要求更高的方案中。

STM32 调试SI4432无线

STM32无线通信SI4432调试要点一、简介：SI4432芯片属于Silabs公司下的一款产品，频率低于1G。

其主要针对工业、科研和医疗(ISM)以及短距离无线通信设备(SRD)。

SI4432输出功率可达+20dBm，接收灵敏度达到-121dBm，可提供对数据包处理、数据缓冲FIFO、接收信号强度指示(RSSI)、空闲信道评估(CCA)、唤醒定时器、低电压检测、温度传感器、8位AD转换器和通用输入/输出口等功能的硬件支持二、性能参数：工作频率：240-930MHZ 而典型应用频率是：433MHZ。

工作电压范围：1.8V～3.6V，掉电模式下电流仅为15nA.。

工作温度范围：-40度-+85度。

、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、我是分割线、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、最近也是工作需要用到无线通信，选型为SI4432。

以前没有怎么接触过无线这一块，所以这个芯片也是摸索了一个星期才调试成功。

下面将调试中遇见的一些问题罗列一下供大家参考，以免多走弯路。

一、在网上找到的程序大部分都是模拟SPI的方式来操作无线芯片的，但是对于STM32这种带硬件SPI的片子来说肯定用硬件SPI更方便，但是、在配置上有几点是需要我们注意的。

1.SPI的通信速度不能太快(手册上说不能大于10MHZ)。

所以在配置SPI通信的时候时钟分频尽量大，我试过256分频128分频64分频均没问题。

2.SPI时钟空闲必须为低3.关于数据捕获的时钟沿，网上有说是第一个沿也有说是第二个沿。

(最后自己调试完毕后实验了下，第一沿和第二沿都是可以的)。

下面是我的STM32 SPI配置部分：二、SPI配置没有问题的话，那就是先和芯片通信看是否正确，和芯片通信很简单，向寄存器0x01和0x02以及0x03写入任意值，看返回的数据是否正确（返回值根据实际情况详见SI4432 datasheet）。

三、如果通信没有什么问题，那么就开始初始化吧，初始化的内容有很多，就不一一列举，下面是我的初始化的部分。