Position-based automatic reverse engineering of network protocols

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Strapdown Inertial Navigation Integration Algorithm Design Part Velocity and Position Algorithms

Received July 7, 1997; revision received Oct. 9, 1997; accepted for publication Oct. 9, 1997. Copyright °c 1997 by Strapdown Associates, Inc. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.,
I. Introduction
A STRAPDOWN inertial navigation system (INS) is typically composed of an orthogonal three-axis set of inertial angular rate sensors and accelerometers providing data to the INS computer. The inertial sensors are directly mounted (strapdown) to the INS chassis structure in contrast with original INS technology that utilized an active multiaxis gimbal isolation mounting assembly
= direction cosine matrix that transforms a vector from its A2 frame projection form to its A1 frame projection form
= identity matrix = column matrix with elements equal to the projection

自动化专业英语常用词汇

自动化专业英语常用词汇acceleration transducer 加速度传感器accumulated error 累积误差AC-DC-AC frequency converter交-直-交变频器AC (alternating current) electric drive 交流电子传动active attitude stabilization 主动姿态稳定adjoint operator 伴随算子admissible error 容许误差amplifying element 放大环节analog-digital conversion 模数转换operational amplifiers运算放大器aperiodic decomposition 非周期分解approximate reasoning 近似推理a priori estimate 先验估计articulated robot 关节型机器人asymptotic stability 渐进稳定性attained pose drift 实际位姿漂移attitude acquisition 姿态捕获AOCS (attitude and orbit control system) 姿态轨道控制系统attitude angular velocity 姿态角速度attitude disturbance 姿态扰动automatic manual station 自动-手动操作器automaton 自动机base coordinate system 基座坐标系bellows pressure gauge 波纹管压力表 gauge测量仪器black box testing approach 黑箱测试法bottom-up development 自下而上开发boundary value analysis 边界值分析brainstorming method 头脑风暴法CAE (computer aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程CAM (computer aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造capacitive displacement transducer 电容式位移传感器capacity电容 displacement 位移capsule pressure gauge 膜盒压力表rectangular coordinate system直角坐标系cascade compensation 串联补偿using series or parallel capacitors用串联或者并联的电容chaos 混沌calrity 清晰性classical information pattern 经典信息模式classifier 分类器clinical control system 临床控制系统closed loop pole 闭环极点 open loop 开环closed loop transfer function 闭环传递函数c ombined pressure and vacuum gauge 压力真空表command pose 指令位姿companion matrix 相伴矩阵compatibility 相容性，兼容性compensating network 补偿网络Energy is conserved in all of its forms能量是守恒的compensation 补偿，矫正conditionally instability 条件不稳定性configuration 组态connectivity 连接性conservative system 守恒系统consistency 一致性constraint condition 约束条件control accuracy 控制精度Gyroscope陀螺仪control panel 控制屏，控制盘control system synthesis 控制系统综合corner frequency 转折频率coupling of orbit and attitude 轨道和姿态耦合critical damping 临界阻尼临界criticalDamper阻尼器critical stability 临界稳定性cross-over frequency 穿越频率，交越频率cut-off frequency 截止频率cybernetics 控制论cyclic remote control 循环遥控 cycle 循环 cycliccylindrical robot 圆柱坐标型机器人damped oscillation 阻尼振荡oscillation 振荡；振动；摆动damper 阻尼器damping ratio 阻尼比 ratio 比data acquisition 数据采集data preprocessing 数据预处理data processor 数据处理器D controller 微分控制器微分控制：Differential control 积分控制：integral control 比例控制：proportional controldescribing function 描述函数desired value 希望值真值：truth values 参考值：reference value destination 目的站detector 检出器deviation 偏差deviation alarm 偏差报警器differential dynamical system 微differential pressure level meter 差压液位计 meter=gauge 仪表 differential 差别的微分的differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential transformer displacement transducer 差动变压器式位移传感器differentiation element 微分环节digital filer 数字滤波器 filter 滤波器digital signal processing 数字信号处理dimension transducer 尺度传感器discrete system simulation language 离散系统仿真语言 discrete离散的不连续的displacement vibration amplitude transducer 位移振幅传感器幅度：amplitudedistrubance 扰动disturbance compensation 扰动补偿diversity 多样性divisibility 可分性domain knowledge 领域知识dominant pole 主导极点零点zero调制：modulation ；modulate 解调：demodulationcountermodulationduty ratio负载比dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic deviation 动态偏差dynamic error coefficient 动态误差系数dynamic input-output model 动态投入产出模型Index指数eddy current thickness meter 电涡流厚度计 meter 翻译成计 gauge 翻译成表electric conductance level meter 电导液位计electromagnetic flow transducer 电磁流量传感器electronic batching scale 电子配料秤 scale 秤electronic belt conveyor scale 电子皮带秤electronic hopper scale 电子料斗秤elevation 仰角 depression 俯角equilibrium point 平衡点error 误差estimate 估计量estimation theory 估计理论expected characteristics 希望特性failure diagnosis 故障诊断feasibility study 可行性研究feasible 可行的feasible region 可行域feature detection 特征检测feature extraction 特征抽取feedback compensation 反馈补偿Feed forward path 前馈通路前馈：feed forward 反馈feedbackFMS (flexible manufacturing system) 柔性制造系统柔性：flexible 刚性：rigidity bending deflection 弯曲挠度 deflect 偏向偏离flow sensor/transducer 流量传感器flow transmitter 流量变送器forward path 正向通路frequency converter 变频器frequency domain model reduction me thod 频域模型降阶法频域frequency response 频域响应functional decomposition 功能分解FES (functional electrical stimulation) 功能电刺激stimulate 刺激functional simularity 功能相似fuzzy logic模糊逻辑generalized least squares estimation 广义最小二乘估计geometric similarity 几何相似global optimum 全局最优goal coordination method 目标协调法graphic search 图搜索guidance system 制导系统gyro drift rate 陀螺漂移率gyrostat 陀螺体Hall displacement transducer 霍尔式位移传感器horizontal decomposition横向分解hydraulic step motor 液压步进马达I controller 积分控制器 integral 积分identifiability 可辨识性image recognition 图像识别impulse 冲量impulse function 冲击函数，脉冲函数index of merit 品质因数 index 指数inductive force transducer 电感式位移传感器感应的inductive 电感：inductance industrial automation 工业自动化inertial attitude sensor 惯性姿态敏感器inertial coordinate system 惯性坐标系information acquisition 信息采集infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析器 infrared 红外线红外线的ultraviolet ray紫外线的 visible light可见光inherent nonlinearity 固有非线性inherent regulation 固有调节initial deviation 初始偏差input-output model 投入产出模型instability 不稳定性integrity 整体性intelligent terminal 智能终端internal disturbance 内扰invariant embedding principle 不变嵌入原理inverse Nyquist diagram 逆奈奎斯特图investment decision 投资决策joint 关节knowledge acquisition 知识获取knowledge assimilation 知识同化knowledge representation 知识表达lag-lead compensation 滞后超前补偿Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换large scale system 大系统least squares criterion 最小二乘准则 criterion 准则linearization technique 线性化方法linear motion electric drive 直线运动电气传动linear motion valve 直行程阀linear programming 线性规划load cell 称重传感器local optimum 局部最优local 局部log magnitude-phase diagram 对数幅相图magnitude大小的程度amplitude振幅long term memory 长期记忆Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability 李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理magnetoelastic weighing cell 磁致弹性称重传感器magnitude-frequency characteristic 幅频特性magnitude margin 幅值裕度 margin 边缘magnitude scale factor 幅值比例尺manipulator 机械手man-machine coordination 人机协调MAP (manufacturing automation protocol) 制造自动化协议 protocol 协议marginal effectiveness 边际效益Mason‘‘s gain formula 梅森增益公式matching criterion 匹配准则maximum likelihood estimation 最大似然估计maximum overshoot 最大超调量maximum principle 极大值原理mean-square error criterion 均方误差准则minimal realization 最小实现minimum phase system 最小相位系统minimum variance estimation 最小方差估计model reference adaptive control system 模型参考适应控制系统model verification 模型验证modularization 模块化MTBF (mean time between failures) 平均故障间隔时间 mean 平均MTTF (mean time to failures) 平均无故障时间multiloop control 多回路控制multi-objective decision 多目标决策Nash optimality 纳什最优性nearest-neighbor 最近邻necessity measure 必然性侧度negative feedback 负反馈neural assembly 神经集合neural network computer 神经网络计算机Nichols chart 尼科尔斯图Nyquist stability criterion 奈奎斯特稳定判据objective function 目标函数on-line assistance 在线帮助on-off control 通断控制optic fiber tachometer 光纤式转速表optimal trajectory 最优轨迹optimization technique 最优化技术order parameter 序参数orientation control 定向控制oscillating period 振荡周期周期：period cycleoutput prediction method 输出预估法oval wheel flowmeter 椭圆齿轮流量计Over damping 过阻尼underdamping 欠阻尼PR (pattern recognition) 模式识别P control 比例控制器peak time 峰值时间penalty function method 罚函数法perceptron 感知器phase lead 相位超前 phase lag相位滞后Photoelectri c光电 tachometric transducer 光电式转速传感器piezoelectric force transducer 压电式力传感器PLC (programmable logic controller) 可编程序逻辑控制器plug braking 反接制动pole assignment 极点配置pole-zero cancellation 零极点相消polynomial input 多项式输入portfolio theory 投资搭配理论pose overshoot 位姿过调量position measuring instrument 位置测量仪posentiometric displacement transducer 电位器式位移传感器positive feedback 正反馈power system automation 电力系统自动化pressure transmitter 压力变送器primary frequency zone 主频区priority 优先级process-oriented simulation 面向过程的仿真proportional control 比例控制proportional plus derivative controller 比例微分控制器pulse duration 脉冲持续时间pulse frequency modulation control system 脉冲调频控制系统：frequency modulation 频率调制调频pulse width modulation control system 脉冲调宽控制系统PWM inverter 脉宽调制逆变器QC (quality control) 质量管理quantized noise 量化噪声ramp function 斜坡函数random disturbance 随机扰动random process 随机过程rate integrating gyro 速率积分陀螺real time telemetry 实时遥测receptive field 感受野rectangular robot 直角坐标型机器人redundant information 冗余信息regional planning model 区域规划模型regulating device 调节装载regulation 调节relational algebra 关系代数remote regulating 遥调reproducibility 再现性resistance thermometer sensor 热电阻电阻温度计传感器response curve 响应曲线return difference matrix 回差矩阵return ratio matrix 回比矩阵revolute robot 关节型机器人revolution speed transducer 转速传感器rewriting rule 重写规则rigid spacecraft dynamics 刚性航天动力学 dynamics 动力学robotics 机器人学robot programming language 机器人编程语言robust control 鲁棒控制robustness 鲁棒性root locus 根轨迹roots flowmeter 腰轮流量计rotameter 浮子流量计，转子流量计sampled-data control system 采样控制系统sampling control system 采样控制系统saturation characteristics 饱和特性scalar Lyapunov function 标量李雅普诺夫函数s-domain s域self-operated controller 自力式控制器self-organizing system 自组织系统self-reproducing system 自繁殖系统self-tuning control 自校正控制sensing element 敏感元件sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sensory control 感觉控制sequential decomposition 顺序分解sequential least squares estimation 序贯最小二乘估计servo control 伺服控制，随动控制servomotor 伺服马达settling time 过渡时间sextant 六分仪short term planning 短期计划short time horizon coordination 短时程协调signal detection and estimation 信号检测和估计signal reconstruction 信号重构similarity 相似性simulated interrupt 仿真中断simulation block diagram 仿真框图simulation experiment 仿真实验simulation velocity 仿真速度simulator 仿真器single axle table 单轴转台single degree of freedom gyro 单自由度陀螺翻译顺序呵呵spin axis 自旋轴spinner 自旋体stability criterion 稳定性判据stability limit 稳定极限stabilization 镇定，稳定state equation model 状态方程模型state space description 状态空间描述static characteristics curve 静态特性曲线station accuracy 定点精度stationary random process 平稳随机过程statistical analysis 统计分析statistic pattern recognition 统计模式识别steady state deviation 稳态偏差顺序翻译即可steady state error coefficient 稳态误差系数step-by-step control 步进控制step function 阶跃函数strain gauge load cell 应变式称重传感器subjective probability 主观频率supervisory computer control system 计算机监控系统sustained oscillation 自持振荡swirlmeter 旋进流量计switching point 切换点systematology 系统学system homomorphism 系统同态system isomorphism 系统同构system engineering 系统工程tachometer 转速表target flow transmitter 靶式流量变送器task cycle 作业周期temperature transducer 温度传感器tensiometer 张力计texture 纹理theorem proving 定理证明therapy model 治疗模型thermocouple 热电偶thermometer 温度计thickness meter 厚度计three-axis attitude stabilization 三轴姿态稳定three state controller 三位控制器thrust vector control system 推力矢量控制系统thruster 推力器time constant 时间常数time-invariant system 定常系统，非时变系统 invariant不变的time schedule controller 时序控制器time-sharing control 分时控制time-varying parameter 时变参数top-down testing 自上而下测试TQC (total quality control) 全面质量管理tracking error 跟踪误差trade-off analysis 权衡分析transfer function matrix 传递函数矩阵transformation grammar 转换文法transient deviation 瞬态偏差短暂的瞬间的transient process 过渡过程transition diagram 转移图transmissible pressure gauge 电远传压力表transmitter 变送器trend analysis 趋势分析triple modulation telemetering system 三重调制遥测系统turbine flowmeter 涡轮流量计Turing machine 图灵机two-time scale system 双时标系统ultrasonic levelmeter 超声物位计unadjustable speed electric drive 非调速电气传动unbiased estimation 无偏估计underdamping 欠阻尼uniformly asymptotic stability 一致渐近稳定性uninterrupted duty 不间断工作制，长期工作制unit circle 单位圆unit testing 单元测试unsupervised learing 非监督学习upper level problem 上级问题urban planning 城市规划value engineering 价值工程variable gain 可变增益，可变放大系数variable structure control system 变结构控制vector Lyapunov function 向量李雅普诺夫函数function 函数velocity error coefficient 速度误差系数velocity transducer 速度传感器vertical decomposition 纵向分解vibrating wire force transducer 振弦式力传感器vibrometer 振动计 vibrationVibrate振动viscous damping 粘性阻尼voltage source inverter 电压源型逆变器vortex precession flowmeter 旋进流量计vortex shedding flowmeter 涡街流量计WB (way base) 方法库weighing cell 称重传感器weighting factor 权因子weighting method 加权法Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem 惠特克-香农采样定理Wiener filtering 维纳滤波w-plane w平面zero-based budget 零基预算zero-input response 零输入响应zero-state response 零状态响应z-transform z变换《信号与系统》专业术语中英文对照表第 1 章绪论信号（signal）系统（system）电压（voltage）电流（current）信息（information）电路（circuit）确定性信号（determinate signal）随机信号（random signal）一维信号（one–dimensional signal）多维信号（multi–dimensional signal）连续时间信号（continuous time signal）离散时间信号（discrete time signal）取样信号（sampling signal）数字信号（digital signal）周期信号（periodic signal）非周期信号（nonperiodic（aperiodic） signal）能量（energy）功率（power）能量信号（energy signal）功率信号（power signal）平均功率（average power）平均能量（average energy）指数信号（exponential signal）时间常数（time constant）正弦信号（sine signal）余弦信号（cosine signal）振幅（amplitude）角频率（angular frequency）初相位（initial phase）频率（frequency）欧拉公式（Euler’s formula）复指数信号（complex exponential signal）复频率（complex frequency）实部（real part）虚部（imaginary part）抽样函数 Sa(t)（sampling（Sa） function）偶函数（even function）奇异函数（singularity function）奇异信号（singularity signal）单位斜变信号（unit ramp signal）斜率（slope）单位阶跃信号（unit step signal）符号函数（signum function）单位冲激信号（unit impulse signal）广义函数（generalized function）取样特性（sampling property）冲激偶信号（impulse doublet signal）奇函数（odd function）偶分量（even component）偶数 even 奇数 odd 奇分量（odd component）正交函数（orthogonal function）正交函数集（set of orthogonal function）数学模型（mathematics model）电压源（voltage source）基尔霍夫电压定律（Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL））电流源（current source）连续时间系统（continuous time system）离散时间系统（discrete time system）微分方程（differential function）差分方程（difference function）线性系统（linear system）非线性系统（nonlinear system）时变系统（time–varying system）时不变系统（time–invariant system）集总参数系统（lumped–parameter system）分布参数系统（distributed–parameter system）偏微分方程（partial differential function）因果系统（causal system）非因果系统（noncausal system）因果信号（causal signal）叠加性（superposition property）均匀性（homogeneity）积分（integral）输入–输出描述法（input–output analysis）状态变量描述法（state variable analysis）单输入单输出系统（single–input and single–output system）状态方程（state equation）输出方程（output equation）多输入多输出系统（multi–input and multi–output system）时域分析法（time domain method）变换域分析法（transform domain method）卷积（convolution）傅里叶变换（Fourier transform）拉普拉斯变换（Laplace transform）第 2 章连续时间系统的时域分析齐次解（homogeneous solution）特解（particular solution）特征方程（characteristic function）特征根（characteristic root）固有（自由）解（natural solution）强迫解（forced solution）起始条件（original condition）初始条件（initial condition）自由响应（natural response）强迫响应（forced response）零输入响应（zero-input response）零状态响应（zero-state response）冲激响应（impulse response）阶跃响应（step response）卷积积分（convolution integral）交换律（exchange law）分配律（distribute law）结合律（combine law）第3 章傅里叶变换频谱（frequency spectrum）频域（frequency domain）三角形式的傅里叶级数（trigonomitric Fourier series）指数形式的傅里叶级数（exponential Fourier series）傅里叶系数（Fourier coefficient）直流分量（direct component）基波分量（fundamental component） component 分量n 次谐波分量（n th harmonic component）复振幅（complex amplitude）频谱图（spectrum plot（diagram））幅度谱（amplitude spectrum）相位谱（phase spectrum）包络（envelop）离散性（discrete property）谐波性（harmonic property）收敛性（convergence property）奇谐函数（odd harmonic function）吉伯斯现象（Gibbs phenomenon）周期矩形脉冲信号（periodic rectangular pulse signal）直角的周期锯齿脉冲信号（periodic sawtooth pulse signal）周期三角脉冲信号（periodic triangular pulse signal）三角的周期半波余弦信号（periodic half–cosine signal）周期全波余弦信号（periodic full–cosine signal）傅里叶逆变换（inverse Fourier transform）inverse 相反的频谱密度函数（spectrum density function）单边指数信号（single–sided exponential signal）双边指数信号（two–sided exponential signal）对称矩形脉冲信号（symmetry rectangular pulse signal）线性（linearity）对称性（symmetry）对偶性（duality）位移特性（shifting）时移特性（time–shifting）频移特性（frequency–shifting）调制定理（modulation theorem）调制（modulation）解调（demodulation）变频（frequency conversion）尺度变换特性（scaling）微分与积分特性（differentiation and integration）时域微分特性（differentiation in the time domain）时域积分特性（integration in the time domain）频域微分特性（differentiation in the frequency domain）频域积分特性（integration in the frequency domain）卷积定理（convolution theorem）时域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the time domain）频域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the frequency domain）取样信号（sampling signal）矩形脉冲取样（rectangular pulse sampling）自然取样（nature sampling）冲激取样（impulse sampling）理想取样（ideal sampling）取样定理（sampling theorem）调制信号（modulation signal）载波信号（carrier signal）已调制信号（modulated signal）模拟调制（analog modulation）数字调制（digital modulation）连续波调制（continuous wave modulation）脉冲调制（pulse modulation）幅度调制（amplitude modulation）频率调制（frequency modulation）相位调制（phase modulation）角度调制（angle modulation）频分多路复用（frequency–division multiplex（FDM））时分多路复用（time–division multiplex（TDM））相干（同步）解调（synchronous detection）本地载波（local carrier）载波系统函数（system function）网络函数（network function）频响特性（frequency response）幅频特性（amplitude frequency response）幅频响应相频特性（phase frequency response）无失真传输（distortionless transmission）理想低通滤波器（ideal low–pass filter）截止频率（cutoff frequency）正弦积分（sine integral）上升时间（rise time）窗函数（window function）理想带通滤波器（ideal band–pass filter）太直译了第 4 章拉普拉斯变换代数方程（algebraic equation）双边拉普拉斯变换（two-sided Laplace transform）双边拉普拉斯逆变换（inverse two-sided Laplace transform）单边拉普拉斯变换（single-sided Laplace transform）拉普拉斯逆变换（inverse Laplace transform）收敛域（region of convergence（ROC））延时特性（time delay）s 域平移特性（shifting in the s-domain）s 域微分特性（differentiation in the s-domain）s 域积分特性（integration in the s-domain）初值定理（initial-value theorem）终值定理（expiration-value）复频域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the complex frequency domain）部分分式展开法（partial fraction expansion）留数法（residue method）第 5 章策动点函数（driving function）转移函数（transfer function）极点（pole）零点（zero）零极点图（zero-pole plot）暂态响应（transient response）稳态响应（stable response）稳定系统（stable system）一阶系统（first order system）高通滤波网络（high-pass filter）低通滤波网络（low-pass filter）二阶系统（second order system）最小相位系统（minimum-phase system）高通（high-pass）带通（band-pass）带阻（band-stop）有源（active）无源（passive）模拟（analog）数字（digital）通带（pass-band）阻带（stop-band）佩利－维纳准则（Paley-Winner criterion）最佳逼近（optimum approximation）过渡带（transition-band）通带公差带（tolerance band）巴特沃兹滤波器（Butterworth filter）切比雪夫滤波器（Chebyshew filter）方框图（block diagram）信号流图（signal flow graph）节点（node）支路（branch）输入节点（source node）输出节点（sink node）混合节点（mix node）通路（path）开通路（open path）闭通路（close path）环路（loop）自环路（self-loop）环路增益（loop gain）不接触环路（disconnect loop）前向通路（forward path）前向通路增益（forward path gain）梅森公式（Mason formula）劳斯准则（Routh criterion）第 6 章数字系统（digital system）数字信号处理（digital signal processing）差分方程（difference equation）单位样值响应（unit sample response）卷积和（convolution sum）Z 变换（Z transform）序列（sequence）样值（sample）单位样值信号（unit sample signal）单位阶跃序列（unit step sequence）矩形序列 (rectangular sequence)单边实指数序列（single sided real exponential sequence）单边正弦序列（single sided exponential sequence）斜边序列（ramp sequence）复指数序列（complex exponential sequence）线性时不变离散系统（linear time-invariant discrete-time system）常系数线性差分方程（linear constant-coefficient difference equation）后向差分方程（backward difference equation）前向差分方程（forward difference equation）海诺塔（Tower of Hanoi）菲波纳西（Fibonacci）冲激函数串（impulse train）第 7 章数字滤波器（digital filter）单边 Z 变换（single-sided Z transform）双边 Z 变换(two-sided (bilateral) Z transform)幂级数（power series）收敛（convergence）有界序列（limitary-amplitude sequence）正项级数（positive series）有限长序列（limitary-duration sequence）右边序列（right-sided sequence）左边序列（left-sided sequence）双边序列（two-sided sequence）Z 逆变换（inverse Z transform）围线积分法（contour integral method）幂级数展开法（power series expansion）z 域微分（differentiation in the z-domain）序列指数加权（multiplication by an exponential sequence）z 域卷积定理（z-domain convolution theorem）帕斯瓦尔定理（Parseval theorem）传输函数（transfer function）序列的傅里叶变换（discrete-time Fourier transform：DTFT）序列的傅里叶逆变换（inverse discrete-time Fourier transform：IDTFT）幅度响应（magnitude response）相位响应（phase response）量化（quantization）编码（coding）模数变换（A/D 变换：analog-to-digital conversion）数模变换（D/A 变换：digital-to- analog conversion）第 8 章端口分析法（port analysis）状态变量（state variable）无记忆系统（memoryless system）有记忆系统（memory system）矢量矩阵（vector-matrix ）常量矩阵（constant matrix ）输入矢量（input vector）输出矢量（output vector）直接法（direct method）间接法（indirect method）状态转移矩阵（state transition matrix）系统函数矩阵（system function matrix）冲激响应矩阵（impulse response matrix）光学专业词汇大全Accelaration 加速度Myopia-near-sighted近视Sensitivity to Light感光灵敏度boost推进lag behind落后于Hyperopic-far-sighted远视visual sensation视觉ar Pattern条状图形approximate近似adjacent邻近的normal法线Color Difference色差V Signal Processing电视信号处理back and forth前后vibrant震动quantum leap量子越迁derive from起源自inhibit抑制,约束stride大幅前进obstruction障碍物substance物质实质主旨residue杂质criteria标准parameter参数parallax视差凸面镜 convex mirror凹面镜 concave mirror分光镜spectroscope入射角 angle of incidence出射角emergent angle平面镜 plane mirror放大率角度放大率angular magnification 放大率：magnification 折射 refraction反射 reflect干涉 interfere衍射 diffraction干涉条纹interference fringe衍射图像 diffraction fringe衍射条纹偏振polarize polarization透射transmission透射光 transmission light光强度] light intensity电磁波 electromagnetic wave振动杨氏干涉夫琅和费衍射焦距brewster Angle布鲁斯特角quarter Waveplates四分之一波片ripple波纹capacitor电容器vertical垂直的horizontal 水平的airy disk艾里斑exit pupil出[射光]瞳Entrance pupil 入瞳optical path difference光称差radius of curvature曲率半径spherical mirror球面镜reflected beam反射束YI= or your information供参考phase difference相差interferometer干涉仪ye lens物镜/目镜spherical球的field information场信息standard Lens标准透镜refracting Surface折射面principal plane主平面vertex顶点,最高点fuzzy失真,模糊light source 光源wavelength波长angle角度spectrum光谱diffraction grating衍射光栅sphere半球的DE= ens data editor Surface radius of curvature表面曲率半径surface thickness表面厚度semi-diameter半径focal length焦距field of view视场stop 光阑refractive折射reflective反射金属切削 metal cutting机床 machine tool tool 机床金属工艺学 technology of metals刀具 cutter摩擦 friction传动 drive/transmission轴 shaft弹性 elasticity频率特性 frequency characteristic误差 error响应 response定位 allocation动力学 dynamic运动学 kinematic静力学 static分析力学 analyse mechanics 力学拉伸 pulling压缩 hitting compress剪切 shear扭转 twist弯曲应力 bending stress强度 intensity几何形状 geometricalUltrasonic超声波精度 precision交流电路 AC circuit机械加工余量 machining allowance变形力 deforming force变形 deformation应力 stress硬度 rigidity热处理 heat treatment电路 circuit半导体元件 semiconductor element反馈 feedback发生器 generator直流电源 DC electrical source门电路 gate circuit逻辑代数 logic algebra磨削 grinding螺钉 screw铣削 mill铣刀 milling cutter功率 power装配 assembling流体动力学 fluid dynamics流体力学 fluid mechanics加工 machining稳定性 stability介质 medium强度 intensity载荷 load应力 stress可靠性 reliability精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining腐蚀 rust氧化 oxidation磨损 wear耐用度 durability随机信号 random signal离散信号 discrete signal超声传感器 ultrasonic sensor摄像头 CCD cameraLead rail 导轨合成纤维 synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion 车架 automotive chassis悬架 suspension转向器 redirector变速器 speed changer车间 workshop工程技术人员 engineer数学模型 mathematical model标准件 standard component零件图 part drawing装配图 assembly drawing刚度 rigidity内力 internal force位移 displacement截面 section疲劳极限 fatigue limit断裂 fracture 破裂塑性变形 plastic distortionelastic deformation 弹性变形脆性材料 brittleness material刚度准则 rigidity criterion齿轮 gearGrain 磨粒转折频率 corner frequency =break frequencyConvolution 卷积Convolution integral 卷积积分Convolution property 卷积性质Convolution sum 卷积和Correlation function 相关函数Critically damped systems 临界阻尼系统Crosss-correlation functions 互相关函数Cutoff frequencies 截至频率transistor n 晶体管diode n 二极管semiconductor n 半导体resistor n 电阻器capacitor n 电容器alternating adj 交互的amplifier n 扩音器，放大器integrated circuit 集成电路linear time invariant systems 线性时不变系统voltage n 电压，伏特数Condenser=capacitor n 电容器dielectric n 绝缘体；电解质electromagnetic adj 电磁的adj 非传导性的deflection n偏斜；偏转；偏差linear device 线性器件the insulation resistance 绝缘电阻anode n 阳极，正极cathode n 阴极breakdown n 故障；崩溃terminal n 终点站；终端，接线端emitter n 发射器collect v 收集，集聚，集中insulator n 绝缘体，绝热器oscilloscope n 示波镜；示波器gain n 增益，放大倍数forward biased 正向偏置reverse biased 反向偏置P-N junction PN结MOS（metal-oxide semiconductor）金属氧化物半导体enhancement and exhausted 增强型和耗尽型integrated circuits 集成电路analog n 模拟digital adj 数字的，数位的horizontal adj, 水平的，地平线的vertical adj 垂直的，顶点的amplitude n 振幅，广阔，丰富multimeter n 万用表frequency n 频率，周率the cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管dual-trace oscilloscope 双踪示波器signal generating device 信号发生器peak-to-peak output voltage 输出电压峰峰值sine wave 正弦波triangle wave 三角波square wave 方波amplifier 放大器，扩音器oscillator n 振荡器feedback n 反馈，回应phase n 相，阶段，状态filter n 滤波器，过滤器rectifier n整流器；纠正者band-stop filter 带阻滤波器band-pass filter 带通滤波器decimal adj 十进制的，小数的hexadecimal adj/n十六进制的binary adj 二进制的；二元的octal adj 八进制的domain n 域；领域code n代码，密码，编码v编码the Fourier transform 傅里叶变换Fast Fourier Transform 快速傅里叶变换microcontroller n 微处理器；微控制器assembly language instrucions n 汇编语言指令chip n 芯片，碎片modular adj 模块化的；模数的sensor n 传感器plug vt堵，塞，插上n塞子，插头，插销coaxial adj 同轴的，共轴的fiber n 光纤relay contact 继电接触器Artificial Intelligence 人工智能Perceptive Systems 感知系统neural network 神经网络fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑intelligent agent 智能代理electromagnetic adj 电磁的coaxial adj 同轴的，共轴的microwave n 微波charge v充电，使充电insulator n 绝缘体，绝缘物nonconductive adj非导体的，绝缘的simulation n 仿真；模拟prototype n 原型array n 排队，编队vector n 向量，矢量inverse adj倒转的，反转的n反面；相反v倒转high-performance 高精确性，高性能two-dimensional 二维的；缺乏深度的three-dimensional 三维的；立体的；真实的object-oriented programming面向对象的程序设计spectral adj 光谱的distortion n 失真，扭曲，变形wavelength n 波长refractive adj 折射的ivision Multiplexing单工传输simplex transmission半双工传输half-duplex transmission全双工传输full-duplex transmission电路交换 circuit switching数字传输技术Digital transmission technology灰度图像Grey scale images灰度级Grey scale level幅度谱Magnitude spectrum相位谱Phase spectrum频谱frequency spectrum相干解调coherent demodulation coherent相干的数字图像压缩digital image compression图像编码image encoding量化quantization人机交互man machine interface交互式会话Conversational interaction路由算法Routing Algorithm目标识别Object recognition话音变换Voice transform中继线trunk line传输时延transmission delay远程监控remote monitoring光链路optical linkhalf-duplex transmission 半双工传输accompaniment 伴随物，附属物reservation 保留，预定quotation 报价单，行情报告，引语memorandum 备忘录redundancy 备用be viewed as 被看作…be regards as 被认为是as such 本身；照此；以这种资格textual 本文的，正文的variation 变化，变量conversion 变化，转化。

CFD 计算对计算网格有特殊的要求

CFD 计算对计算网格有特殊的要求，一是考虑到近壁粘性效应采用较密的贴体网格，二是网格的疏密程度与流场参数的变化梯度大体一致。

对于面网格，可以设置平行于给定边的边界层网格，可以指定第二层与第一层的间距比，及总的层数。

对于体网格，也可以设置垂直于壁面方向的边界层，从而可以划分出高质量的贴体网格。

而其它通用的CAE 前处理器主要是根据结构强度分析的需要而设计的，在结构分析中不存在边界层问题，因而采用这种工具生成的网格难以满足CFD 计算要求，而Gambit 软件解决了这个特殊要求。

如果先在一条边上画密网格再在之上画边界层，边界层与网格能很好的对应起来如果直接在一条边上画边界层，则边界层横向之间的距离很宽怎么设置边界层横向之间的距离，即不用先画网格也能画出横向距离很密的边界层来？在划分边界层网格之前，用粘性网格间距计算器，计算出想要的y+值对应的第一层网格高度；第一层高度出来之后，关于网格的纵横向网格间距之比，也就是边界层第一层网格高度与横向间距之比，大概在1/sqrt(Re)，最为适宜；先在你要划边界层网格的边上划分线网格，然后再划分边界层。

gambit本人也用了一段时间，六面体网格四面体网格我都画过，但是最头疼的还是三维边界层网格的生成。

用gambit自带的边界层网格生成功能画出来的边界层网格经常达不到好的效果，或者对于复杂的外形根本就无法生成边界层网格。

为此我就采用手动设置边界层，但是比较费时间，效果还一般。

不知道大家是不是也遇到相似的问题，或者有更好的方法，请指点一下，先谢谢了！22 什么叫松弛因子？松弛因子对计算结果有什么样的影响？它对计算的收敛情况又有什么样的影响？1、亚松驰（Under Relaxation）：所谓亚松驰就是将本层次计算结果与上一层次结果的差值作适当缩减，以避免由于差值过大而引起非线性迭代过程的发散。

用通用变量来写出时，为松驰因子（Relaxati on Factors）。

workbench中文

workbench中⽂⼀、Definition1.Stiffness behavior (刚度特性）Flexible (灵活的）rigid（刚性）Gasket (垫⽚）2.suppressed（抑制）3.Coordinate system（坐标系统）Default Coordinate system （缺省坐标系统）4.Reference Temperature（参考温度）⼆、Material1.Assignment（分配）2.Nonlinear Effects（⾮线性效应）3.Thermal Strain Effects （热应变影响）三、Properties（性质）1.centroid（质⼼）2.Moment of Inertia IP1 (转动惯量）四、Statistic（统计）1.Mesh Metric（⽹络指标）⼀、Definition1.Element Control（元素掌控）Program Controlled（受控程序）Manual（⼈⼯，⼿动）2.Display Style （显⽰样式）Body ColorPart ColorMaterialNonlinear Material Effects Stiffness Behavior⼆、Properties （性质）1.scale Factor value（⽐例因⼦的值）三、Basic Geometry Options （基本⼏何选项）1.Parameters （参量）2.Parameter key（主要参数）3..Attributes（特性）/doc/2451a0457********edb11e9.html d Selections （按名称选择）5.Material Properties（材料属性）四、Advanced Geometry Options （⾼级⼏何选项）/doc/2451a0457********edb11e9.html e Associativity（使⽤结合性）2.Reader Mode Saves Updates File（读者模式保存更新⽂件）/doc/2451a0457********edb11e9.html e Instances（使⽤实体实例）4.Smart CAD Update（智能CAD更新）5.Attach File Via Temp File（附加⽂件通过临时⽂件）6.Temporary Directory（暂时⽬录）7.Analysis Type（分析类型）8.Decompose Disjoint Faces9.Enclosure and Symmetry Processing （外壳和对称处理）⼀、Definition1.TypeCartesian（笛卡尔）Cylindrical （圆柱形）2.Coordinate System（坐标系）Program Controlled（受控程序）Manual（⼿动，⼈⼯）Coordinate System ID（坐标系统ID）⼀、Scopｅ1.Scoping MethodGeometry Selection（⼏何选择）Named Selection（名称选择）⼆、Definition1.Type2.Scope Mode3.Behavior4.Suppressed三、Advanced1.Formulation（调配）Program ControlledAugmented Lagrange（⼴义拉格朗⽇法）Pure Penalty（罚函数法）MPC（微程式控制）Normal Lagrange（拉格朗⽇法）2.Detection MethodProgram ControlledOn Gauss Point（在⾼斯点）Nodal-Normal From Contact （从接触）Nodal-Normal to Target（⽬标节点正常）Nodal-Projected Normal From Contact （从接触结点预计正常）3.Normal Stiffness（法向刚度）4.Update Stiffness（更新刚度）Never Each Iteration（每次迭代）Each Iteration,Aggressive5.Pinball Region（弹球区域）Auto Detection ValueRadius（半径）。

汽车配件中英文术语对照

Lamp system & Horn 灯光系统与喇叭 Back up lamp/Sedanwagon/back up light 倒车灯 Bulb 灯泡 Bumper light 保险杠灯 Center stop lamp 中央高位制动灯 Coner lens 角灯玻璃 Corner Light 角灯 Dome lamp 车顶灯 Door lamp 车门灯 Fender maker lamp、Side marker light车边(辐)灯 Fog lamp 雾灯 Foglight lens 雾灯片
中文品名发动机系统发动机系统皮带(链条) 凸轮轴连杆曲轴箱曲轴汽缸汽缸垫片汽缸套汽缸体汽缸盖引擎脚飞轮活塞活塞销活塞环皮带盘(滑轮组) 推杆摇臂摇臂轴张紧轮正时皮带(链条)护罩正时齿轮汽门汽门座汽门间隙调整螺栓螺帽汽门锁夹汽门导管汽门举杆汽门弹簧燃油系统加速踏板空气滤清器总成空气流量计活性炭罐化油器总成催化净化器差压阀废气回收管废气回收阀加油管燃油蓄压器然油分配器燃油滤清器油管燃油泵总成燃油葙总成油箱盖喷油嘴喷油器
Batter Ignition system Condenser Distributor assembly Distributor cap External resistor Ignition coil Ignition switch Rotor Spark-pulg wire Spark-pulg, Glow plug Starter relay
英文品名 Engine System Engine System Belt / Chain Camshaft Connecting rod Crank case Crank shaft Cylinder Cylinder gasket Cylinder liner/ Cylinder sleeve Cylinder block Cylinder head Engine stopper Fly wheel Piston Piston pin Piston ring Pulley Push rod Rocker arm Rocker shaft Tensioner Timing belt (chain) shield Timing gear Valve Valve seat Valve adjusting screw & nut Valve cotter Valve guide Valve lifter/ Valve tappet Valve spring Fuel Systerm Accelerator pedal Air fiter Air flow meter Carbon canister Carburetor assembly Cstslytic Differential pressure valve EGR tube EGR valve Filler tub Fuel accumlator Fuel distributor Fuel filter Fuel pipe Fuel pump assmbly Fuel tank assmbly Fuel tank cap Injection nozzle Injection valve

tslib触动精灵基础扩展库使用手册

@miniknife?2017-09-21 16:38?字数?29341?阅读?111853TSLib 触动精灵基础扩展库使用手册开发手册Windows 平台按 Ctrl + F 打开快捷搜索 Mac 平台按 command + F 打开快捷搜索※右侧文本列表可以找到全部手册目录TSLib 触动精灵基础扩展库使用手册o目录o简介o学习前的准备越狱及 root 常识Lua 基础简明教程脚本开发取色技巧小白学触动零基础视频教程o触动精灵开发者指南触动产品功能对比如何查看更多文档o函数扩展库下载使用须知函数：TSVersions 获取扩展库版本号o点击滑动类函数：tap 点击函数：randomTap 随机点击函数：moveTo 滑动函数：moveTowards 角度滑动函数：moveZoomOut 捏合函数：moveZoomIn 放大滑动函数：moveCircleCenter 圆心滑动函数：moveCirclePonits 圆弧滑动o颜色判断类函数：intToRgb 十六进制转 RGB函数：rgbToInt RGB 转十六进制函数：isColor 单点比色函数：multiColor 多点比色函数：multiColTap 多点比色点击函数：findMultiColorInRegionFuzzyByTable 点阵找色o开发调试类函数：log 日志o文件操作类函数：isFileExist 判断文件函数：readFile 读文件返回表函数：readFileString 读文件返回字符串函数：writeFile 保存表到文件函数：writeFileString 保存字符串到文件函数：delFile 删除文件o应用信息类函数：getAppName 获取应用名称函数：getUserApp 获取已安装 ipa 应用列表o数据操作类函数：strSplit 分割字符串函数：httpGet 获取网页数据函数：httpPost 提交网页数据函数：getNetIP 获取外网 IP函数：inputStr 输入字符串函数：getStrNum 获取字符串数函数：getRndNum 获取随机数函数：snapAndSave 截图保存到相册函数：deepCopyTable 复制表o系统类模块函数：luaExit 退出脚本执行函数：getRender 获取屏幕的 render 值函数：isDay 日期判断oclear 清理类模块函数：clearAllPhotos 清空相册函数：clearAllKeyChains 清空钥匙串函数：clearIDFAV 清理 IDFAV函数：clearPasteboard 清空剪贴板函数：clearCookies 清除浏览器 CookiesoshowUI 脚本配置界面函数：checkTable 检查 UItable函数：getMode 获取 UI 模式函数：neosUI 显示 UIo便捷 UI函数：UINew 创建 UI函数：UIShow 显示 UI函数：UILabel 文本标签函数：UIRadio 单选框函数：UIEdit 编辑框函数：UICheck 多选框函数：UICombo 下拉框函数：UIComboRlt 联动下拉框函数：UIComboRlts 联动关联框函数：UIImage 图片框UI 完整实例oocr 云打码扩展库函数：ocrInfo 初始化打码平台函数：ocrBalance 查询用户余额函数：ocrScreen 区域打码识别函数：ocrImage 图片打码识别函数：ocrReportError 提交错误识别o企业版相关函数：setDeviceAlias 设置设备别名（仅限企业版）o附录已知与触动精灵/帮你玩/小精灵/企业版 iOS 冲突的插件列表Lua math 库设备 SSH 连接工具相关工具运行库OCR（光学字符识别）相关LuaSQLite简介为了进一步降低脚本开发者门槛，触动精灵单独开发一个扩展库，提供了一系列实用函数供开发者使用。

航海英语词汇归纳

1.Charterer 租船人2.Consignee ,receiver 收货人，3.Shipper ,consignor 发货人4.Carrier：承运人通信引语---intention instruction question advice answer warning information requestPositive /negativereport line报告线vts area boundry交管區域界限paticipating vessell should maintain a continuous listening watch on VHF CH16 within the VTS area.abnormal weather conditions异常天气情况in the vicinity of在┉附近 engage in international voyages or domestic costal routes responsible person责任人ready-use condition随时可用状态safety and lifesaving equipment安全救生设备FFA&LSA防火和救生设备SOLAS（safety of life at sea）海上人命安全公约the hydrostatic release units静水压力释放装置lifebuoy lights immersion suitline throwing apparatusradio equipment including EPIRB and SARTreporting line报告线vts area bound交管区域界限in the vicinity of在……附近engage in internation voyages or domestic coastal routesseafares/crewmembers海员dockers码头工人acceptable minimum wages可接受的最低工资in recent years近几年negotiate谈判flags of conveninence(FOC)方便旗seafares who are hired to work on FOC shipsign contract签合同reach a agreement达成协议more details on the reverse of the map地图背面有更多详情get in touch with/contact with the ITF directlybulletin公告，期刊repatriate把…遣返回国(repatriation)The International Transport workers'federation(ITF)国际运输工人联盟South East Asia东南亚thailand泰国singapore新加坡philipines菲律宾tolerate忍受，容忍It's a big step forward向前迈了一大步All personnel are familiar with the location and operation of all the vessel'ssafety equipment and procedures.helmsman舵手forecastle首楼engin control room机控室steering gear room舵机房laundry洗衣房galley厨房helicopter直升机overall in command总指挥look out瞭望lookouts瞭望人员casualty伤员sound man overboard alarm(3 long blasts on ship's whistle)establish radio contact with bridgedon lifejacket穿救生衣at anchor,in harbour blanket毛毯grab line扶手绳tie tapes救生衣打结的绳子retro-reflective tape救生衣上反光胶带all personnel practice donning their immersion suits and practice working in the suitlifeboat davit救生艇艇架place the boat bottom plug盖好艇底塞sit down and secure safety seat belt坐下并系好安全带portside along side 左舷靠码头ARQ申请物料donning lifejacket穿着救生衣cover your nose and mouth with one hand用手捂住口鼻replace更换tie tape of lifejacketRetro-reflective tape反光胶带chain hoist 5T葫芦sounding tape量水尺Fire hose nozzle皮龙喷嘴bridge night order master pilot information exchangePilot card turning circle旋回圈stopping distance停车冲程vessel deficiencies船舶缺陷freshwater draft manoeuvring speederrors of the gyrocompass painting or chipping not allowedplace rat guards放置老鼠挡keep the gangway lit during all night hours in order to launch the liferaft manully,release the sliphook and throw the liferaft overboard.The liferaft is now attached to the vessel by the painter line vie the Red Weak Link connector.pul the painter line and inflate the liferaft so the survivors can board.Label with a marking for year and month funnel sparks烟囱火星illuminate 照亮capsize（船）倾覆self-righting liferafts自动扶正救生筏以下为救生艇艇内配备：First aid kit anti-seasickness tables torch&batteryspare battery & bulb灯泡daylight signaling mirror日光反射镜jack-knife水手刀tin opener启罐器rescue quoits &line救生拉环和绳buoyant heaving line可浮撇缆绳 bilge pump污水泵whistlefishing line&hooks rescue signal card boarding ladder fire extinguisher food ration口粮配给water ration淡水配给rain water stowage water dippers thermal protective aids engine fuel tools for engine searchlightradar reflector survival manual救生手册immersion suits浸水服装oars桨boat hooks bailer bucket桶rudder tiller舵柄grablinehatchet短柄小斧matches火柴compass illumination sea anchorpainter首尾缆绳painter release device首尾缆释放装置wave oil镇浪油para red rockets red hand flares orange smoke floatit is fitted exactly in accordance with the manufactures instruction Search and rescue radar transponder（SART）Emergency Position indicating Radio Beacon(EPIRB)BUTTON按键，按钮charge充电scan扫描low battery alert indicate低电报警指示Power save节电antenna天线microphone麦克风；话筒；传声器keypad lock键盘锁conserve battery power节约电池电量shipboard communication船内部通信Prevent false alarm防止误报警replace battery更换电池glove boots watertight thermal insulation function it is equipped with lamp and whistle function a whistle and light will be find attached to the lifejacket body-height身高as follows如下sea-water battery海水电池periodical定期zip up the watertight zipper拉好防水拉链soft brush软毛刷grease润滑油check the suit at regular intervals/periodically repair/fix/mend修理it is important that all personal practice donning their immersion suits and also that they practice working in the suit.this is in order to that they become familiar with the suit and any restriction or limitation that may be imposed on activity while wearing it.immersion suit are inspected every 12 months illumination照明dimension 尺寸must all crew集合船员designated指定的safety pin安全销hand break level 刹车手柄disconnect battery charge cable解掉充电电缆place the boat bottom plug 塞艇底塞fast the painters to main deck将救生艇首尾缆系到主甲板start boat enginelower the lifeboat steadily to embarkation deck匀速don life jacket launch lifeboat放艇secure safety seat belt/fasten seatbelt系好安全带install the safety pin 插入安全销full procedure for preparation,launching,releasing,recovery&storage of lifeboat救生艇准备，释放，脱钩，回收，固定步骤painter release device救生艇首缆释放装置serious injury or death严重伤亡fore and aft hook前后艇钩abandon ship drill弃船演习release hook脱钩off-load release无负重脱钩on-load release 负重脱钩release handle脱钩手柄do sth by one action一次性做~~~water surface 水面the officer in charge负责驾驶员pay due precaution/attention特别注意release the painter释放首尾缆 manoeuvre the lifeboat clear from ship and otheroperation(act EPIRB/SART to send distress signal,rescue casuality if possible,awaiting for rescue)reset复位，还原recover the lifeboat回收救生艇the limit switch限位器the liferaft inflates 救生艇膨胀cut the painter and paddle clear of the ship Hydrostatic Release Units(HRU)静水making water进水water line水线jettison弃物fumigation熏舱RFA主机定速stores and provision物料和伙食LSA救生设备FFA消防设备linesman带缆工人canal运河cast off解掉（缆绳）resume恢复favourable weather conditions 好天气状况stand by on vhf ch16 increase/reduce your speed加/减速regular customer老顾客make the insurance claim提出保险赔偿The doctor is taking my blood pressure.医生正给我量血压driver's licensec驾驶证I am so glad you’re safe and sound很高兴你能安全无恙Are your muzzles of jet/spray dual type?你的枪头是直流/水雾两用的么？international shore connection国际通岸接头buoyant smoke signal可浮烟雾信号（2）parachute red rockets/rocket parachute flare火箭降落伞（4）hand flare手持火焰（6）retro-reflective tapes反光胶带waterproof electric torch life boat davit艇架eyeplate眼环biscuits饼干Let me unfasten the canvas cover for you让我揭开帆布Hydrants open/close is tested satisfactorily消防栓开关正常recreation room娱乐室we need to take the rhumb line/great circle route我们需要走恒向线/大圆航线make a detour绕航we lash and secure the cargo both in the holds and on deck God bless you上帝保佑你visibility will be reduced living space is flooded生活区进水I will send hands to lash the desk and inboardcargo to avoid shifting have the engine ready for immediate manoeuvre weather chart/map气象图seasick晕船Self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA)w/fresh air cylinder EEBD harbour chart港泊图gnomonic chart大圆海图great circle route 大圆航线 rhumb lineroute恒向线航线parall route等纬圈航线composite route混合航线precaution area警戒区air cylinder空气瓶conduct water pressure test drain valve&drain plug排水阀和排水塞safety belt nut螺帽，坚果RFA主机定速seat belt安全带defective缺陷supply valve申请阀rust生锈shortage of quantity数量短缺tin opener启罐器seat belt安全带weld焊接ready for use随时可用bucket水斗lamp灯，灯泡be coated with anti-corrosion grease涂上防腐润滑油voltage电压joints连接bolt螺栓nuts螺帽，坚果plug塞子，插头corrosion锈蚀reset复位check there is no sticking of rust and foreign substances abnormal noise异常声音refill or replace the cylinder充装或更换气瓶check that the cylinder contains specified volume of air air cylinder空气瓶professional专业人员，专家tread楼梯踏步板,活梯子横条ferry渡船，轮渡console控制台，慰问，安慰console a friend in grief在朋友忧伤时予以安慰Quay/wharf码头dredge疏浚drift漂流scratches,cracks,deformation,and other abnormalities release gear释放装置擦wipe and clean the window glass panes outside and inside rust铁锈，生锈corrosion侵蚀，腐蚀check that the bolt螺栓and nuts螺帽，坚果are not loosened be coated with涂上，蒙上anti-corrosion grease被涂上防腐润滑油voltage电压Lamp灯，灯泡food ration in watertight container waterproof electric torchCheck for abnormal noise check there is no sticking of rust and foreign substance check that they are ready for use check if the tank is full of fuel Check that electric connections are not loosened electric wiring电线As a result of check,defective parts should be repaired and shortage of quantity should be supplemented to correct number.Welding焊接I am on fire in living spaces What speed do you advise?What is the anchor position for me?Deep vessel has entered fairway inwards.Your berth will be clear at 0730 hours local time.You will berth at No.2 dock.When will my berth be clear?How many tugs must be taken by my vessel?Where will tugs meetme?Over.Unknown vessel 180°5 miles from Chalk Point.This is Androcles.What is your name?Over.Change to channel 13.Over.Keep a distance of three cables between vessels.Be ready to cast off tow line you must rig the accommodation ladder combined with the pilot ladder.Please have a heaving line ready at the pilot ladder to pull up my briefcase here is the pilot card it seems that your ship is in ballast now the ship’s particulars are all on the pilot card how long does it take to change engine from ahead to astern the fog is setting in,where is the whistle control?Two spare air bottles for the fireman’s outfits are to be recharged how much discount can you allow us?你能给我们多少折扣？Shipper托运人go to check if the scuppers on the port side have been plugged up?Saw dust木屑cigarette butt 烟头Breathing Apparatus Compressor空气压缩机pyrotechnical signals烟火信号fire hose reel皮龙卷轴Roach drug蟑螂药weather routing气象定线recreation room 娱乐室emergency source of electric power应急电源fire a rocket释放火箭Make a leefor me rush-repair抢修free pratique[prAti:k] granted检疫通过got pratique取得检疫证marine surveyoy海事检验师cargo surveyor商检ship surveyor验船师granted deratting exemption certificate发给免于除鼠证书crossed date line westward/eastward in lat.45°30’N and skipped/repeated thursday，march 13th 向西/向东穿过日界线，跳过/重复三月十三号equator赤道fog cleared up/lifted up 雾已消散turn buckle花兰螺丝fire detector火警探测器summer time夏令时com’ced replenishing F.W开始补充淡水sew canvas boat cover缝帆布艇罩chipping&scrapping 敲锈/铲锈chipping&painting accommodation ladder敲锈油漆舷梯救生筏词汇（cradle 支架secure strap绑扎带painter首缆senhouse sliphook red weak link）senhouse sliphook与HRU作用相同，前者手动释放，解掉绑扎带，后者自动floor drainage（floor drain device）地漏Random check随机抽查Boned store inventory船舶官库清单bomb search搜寻炸弹What Security Levelsdo you know?Level 1 (NORMAL)Level at which the ship and portfacilities can normally operateLevel 2 (HEIGHTENED)Level at which there isheightened risk of securityincidentLevel 3 (EXCEPTIONAL)Level at which there is a probable orimminent risk of security incidentInternational shore connection with standard flange dimensions are available on board with four sets of bolts and nuts and one gasket packing（通岸接头，标准尺寸法兰带有4个螺栓和螺母和一个橡胶垫片）Sand box with sand and scoop are in place（沙箱带有沙和铲子）The lifeboat compass should free from air bubble andunfavorable error and defects.BAILER 水杯delivery交船（交租家）re-delivery(期租结束后）还船DLOSP--Drop last of sea pilot COB-cargo on boardAdvise you pass astern /ahead of me I will pass ahead of you I have located you on my radar. I can not located you on my radar. What are my berthing instructions? I wish to take bunkers and fresh wateryou must close up on vessel ahead of you . Distance between ships is two cables. FYI---for your information rendezvous position集合点Abort中止计划/任务adverse weather condition 不利天气cater满足（需要）non perishable products/goods 不易腐烂的货物commercial invoice 商务发票ship spare consignment 备件运送/交货/发货warehouse仓库onsign and offsign crew members接班和交班船员After-sales service 售后服务shore crane operator washing powder 洗衣粉forklift truck driver anyhow总之，不管怎样Obtain the accurate精确地，准确的ETA from you vesselWhat is the cargo handling/discharging/loading rate at this port?There is tank to retaining dejects and served waterRetention autonomy pending item cargo of sound可靠的nature and condition mate`s receipt to be unclausedApparent显然的good condition without any remark 没有批注Cease loading停止，终了装货whichever无论哪一个，任何一个Full C/P speed SCF---statement of fact challenging挑战laytime装卸货时间layday装卸[停泊]天数without prejudice偏见，成见，损害imperatively stoppage中断appreciate Est departure draft预计离港吃水deductible loadigator specify详细说明questionnaire调查表，问卷harbor master港务局长chief cargoKindly advise if any questions,errors or omissionsMany thanks in advance and best regardsImplement directive指示rodents deadliness occurrenceConsistent一致的，坚固的tender ackquatePlease revert with preliminary stowage plan请回复初步的积载图and breakdown of deadweight cargo calculation,including deductiblesLoading sequence 装载顺序expected cargo intake10 days prior to arrival fumigate, be fumigated, fumigation熏舱Exposure time previous先前的start natural ventilation开始自然通风NOR to be tendered提出subsequent prejudice NOR---notice readiness determinationShip`s holds are free of salt,rust scale and previous cargo residuesMandatory强制的voluntary自愿的territorial water领海Participate参与，参加deviate偏离，背离terminate停止，结束，终止Precede 先于，在~~之前physician医师，内科医师proposed routeCo-ordinate同等的，并列的，调整，整理Let us make the most of it让我们尽情享受吧town fellows老乡I hope they won`t be too particular.And clean up the ship thoroughly彻底的in order to give a good first impression印象on them.:Find someone to receive接待them warmly.Cargo surveyor商检人员note down 记录The winch at hold NO.2 is out of order. Here is a record of stevedore’s Stand-by time待时.Please sign it.List横倾trim纵倾，平舱quotation 报价单，行情表Crew sightseeing观光crew repatriation遣送回国，归国Increase/reduce speed scattered shower 分散的阵雨SQUALLY(SQ)多风的monsoon季风OFF-HIRE解租rendezvous point集合点Attempt to企图speed boat快艇be extra diligent特别谨慎easy target容易得手的目标Tips提示extremely极其stowaway偷渡rendezvous point 集合点aggressivel好斗的Maintain a vigilant警惕的anti piracy watch cast投，抛，投射chase away把~~赶走，驱赶be confused with被混淆be mistake for 被误以为abort中断，终止deploye展开，配置receive urgent spares/stores random check随机检查kindly extend yr kind co-operation and hospitality to them patrol boat巡逻艇pilferage/privacy at sea entertain them subject to使服从，使遭受，蒙受allocate分配，分派deadfreight亏舱lodge提出official deadfreight protest letter free pratique was granted颁发入港许可vsl is in all respects ready to load/discharging her cargo make pre-stowage plan bss(basis) vsl’s actual status presently draft limit bends 14.0 ssw(summer sea water) max loadable qtty remaining distance ---DTG ETA,ETB（berthing）,ETC(completing loading/discharging),ETD balance qtty剩余量As per根据PIC---person in charge at charter’s operation adverse current顶流Previous cgo residue之前的货物残余rejection拒绝/acceptance接受expanse tb(to be for owner’s ACCT费用由船东承担2000MT PWWD（24 consecutive hour）NOR---notice of readiness THRO---through SHIPPERS/CHTRS租家/RECVRS 货主，收货人prove证明evidence证据remote遥控limit switch限位Match with相配，匹配rotten food found in fridge locate on 位于，坐落于Garbage/rubbish 垃圾，废物baggage/luggage行李rectify defects/deficiencies纠正缺陷found a big air bubble in magnetic compass oil record book not filled up properly water produced by FW generator for shower ,toilets and washing machines ,drinking FW supplied from shore not enough on lifeboat drill crew shows lack of training fail to pass hold surveys验舱未通过adverse current顶流ballast/ deballast压排水P&I club 船东互保协会LAYCAN受载期Harmless无害的ETCD--- Estimate Time Completion/Departure Delay待时Hold-wise quantity 各舱装货数量明细we have had instances where stevedore try and attribute stevedore delay to weather or vessel delays. Any discrepancy to be brought to our/agents notice immediately . Please fell free to contact us any time for any assistance , clarification and other information. AFSPS--- arrive first sea pilot station dead freight 亏舱运费。

作文九问基础篇总结

作文九问基础篇总结英文回答：1. What is the purpose of writing?To communicate ideas and emotions.To inform, persuade, or entertain.2. What are the different types of writing?Creative writing: fiction, poetry, drama.Non-fiction writing: journalism, essays, reports.3. What is the writing process?Prewriting: brainstorming, outlining.Drafting: writing the first version.Revising: improving the draft.Editing: correcting errors.4. What are the elements of style?Word choice.Sentence structure.Paragraph structure.5. What are the conventions of writing? Grammar and punctuation.Formatting and citation.6. What are the challenges of writing? Finding inspiration.Overcoming writer's block.Revising and editing effectively.7. What are the benefits of writing?Improved communication skills.Enhanced creativity.Increased knowledge and understanding.8. How can I become a better writer?Read widely.Practice regularly.Get feedback from others.9. What are the qualities of good writing?Clarity.Conciseness.Coherence.Correctness.中文回答：1. 写作的目的：传达思想和情感。

3d MAX 菜单中英文对照表

3d MAX 菜单中英文对照表Absolute Mode Transform Type-in绝对坐标方式变换输入Absolute/Relative Snap Toggle Mode绝对/相对捕捉开关模式ACIS Options ACIS选项Activate活动;激活Activate All Maps激活所有贴图Activate Grid激活栅格；激活网格Activate Grid Object激活网格对象；激活网格物体Activate Home Grid激活主栅格;激活主网格ActiveShade实时渲染视图；着色；自动着色ActiveShade(Scanline）着色(扫描线）ActiveShade Floater自动着色面板;交互渲染浮动窗口ActiveShade Viewport自动着色视图Adaptive适配;自动适配；自适应Adaptive Cubic立方适配Adaptive Degradation自动降级Adaptive Degradation Toggle降级显示开关Adaptive Linear线性适配Adaptive Path自适应路径Adaptive Path Steps适配路径步幅；路径步幅自动适配Adaptive Perspective Grid Toggle适配透视网格开关Add as Proxy加为替身Add Cross Section增加交叉选择Adopt the File’s Unit Scale采用文件单位尺度Advanced Surface Approx高级表面近似；高级表面精度控制Advanced Surface Approximation高级表面近似；高级表面精度控制Adv。

Lighting高级照明Affect Diffuse Toggle影响漫反射开关Affect Neighbors影响相邻Affect Region影响区域Affect Region Modifier影响区域编辑器；影响区域修改器Affect Specular Toggle影响镜面反射开关AI Export输出Adobe Illustrator(＊.AI)文件AI Import输入Adobe Illustrator(＊.AI）文件Align对齐Align Camera对齐摄像机Align Grid to View对齐网格到视图Align Normals对齐法线Align Orientation对齐方向Align Position对齐位置(相对当前坐标系）Align Selection对齐选择Align to Cursor对齐到指针Allow Dual Plane Support允许双面支持All Class ID全部类别All Commands所有命令All Edge Midpoints全部边界中点;所有边界中心All Face Centers全部三角面中心;所有面中心All Faces所有面All Keys全部关键帧All Tangents全部切线All Transform Keys全部变换关键帧Along Edges沿边缘Along V ertex Normals沿顶点法线Along Visible Edges沿可见的边Alphabetical按字母顺序Always总是www_bitscn_com中国.网管联盟Ambient阴影色；环境反射光Ambient Only只是环境光；阴影区Ambient Only Toggle只是环境光标记American Elm美国榆树Amount数量Amplitude振幅;幅度Analyze World分析世界Anchor锚Angle角度;角度值Angle Snap Toggle角度捕捉开关Animate动画Animated动画Animated Camera/Light Settings摄像机/灯光动画设置Animated Mesh动画网格Animated Object动画物体Animated Objects运动物体;动画物体；动画对象Animated Tracks动画轨迹Animated Tracks Only仅动画轨迹Animation动画Animation Mode Toggle动画模式开关Animation Offset动画偏移Animation Offset Keying动画偏移关键帧Animation Tools动画工具Appearance Preferences外观选项Apply Atmospherics指定大气Apply—Ease Curve指定减缓曲线Apply Inverse Kinematics指定反向运动Apply Mapping指定贴图坐标Apply—Multiplier Curve指定增强曲线Apply To指定到；应用到Apply to All Duplicates指定到全部复本Arc弧；圆弧Arc Rotate弧形旋转;旋转视图；圆形旋转Arc Rotate Selected弧形旋转于所有物体;圆形旋转选择物；选择对象的中心旋转视图Arc Rotate SubObject弧形旋转于次物体；选择次对象的中心旋转视图Arc ShapeArc Subdivision弧细分；圆弧细分Archive文件归档Area区域Array阵列Array Dimensions阵列尺寸;阵列维数Array Transformation阵列变换ASCII Export输出ASCII文件Aspect Ratio纵横比Asset Browser资源浏览器Assign指定Assign Controller分配控制器Assign Float Controller分配浮动控制器Assign Position Controller赋予控制器Assign Random Colors随机指定颜色Assigned Controllers指定控制器At All Vertices在所有的顶点上At Distinct Points在特殊的点上At Face Centers 在面的中心At Point在点上Atmosphere氛围；大气层；大气，空气;环境Atmospheres氛围Attach连接;结合；附加Attach Modifier结合修改器Attach Multiple多项结合控制;多重连接Attach To连接到Attach To RigidBody Modifier连接到刚性体编辑器Attachment连接；附件Attachment Constraint连接约束Attenuation衰减AudioClip音频剪切板AudioFloat浮动音频Audio Position Controller音频位置控制器AudioPosition音频位置Audio Rotation Controller音频旋转控制器AudioRotation音频旋转Audio Scale Controller音频缩放控制器AudioScale音频缩放；声音缩放Auto自动Auto Align Curve Starts自动对齐曲线起始节点Auto Arrange自动排列Auto Arrange Graph Nodes自动排列节点Auto Expand自动扩展Auto Expand Base Objects自动扩展基本物体Auto Expand Children自动扩展子级Auto Expand Materials自动扩展材质Auto Expand Modifiers自动扩展修改器Auto Expand Selected Only自动扩展仅选择的Auto Expand Transforms自动扩展变换Auto Expand XYZ Components自动扩展坐标组成Auto Key自动关键帧Auto-Rename Merged Material自动重命名合并材质Auto Scroll自动滚屏Auto Select自动选择Auto Select Animated自动选择动画Auto Select Position自动选择位置bitsCN#com中国网管联盟Auto Select Rotation自动选择旋转Auto Select Scale自动选择缩放Auto Select XYZ Components自动选择坐标组成Auto—Smooth自动光滑AutoGrid自动网格；自动栅格AutoKey Mode Toggle自动关键帧模式开关Automatic自动Automatic Coarseness自动粗糙Automatic Intensity Calculation自动亮度计算Automatic Reinitialization自动重新载入Automatic Reparam.自动重新参数化Automatic Reparamerization自动重新参数化Automatic Update自动更新Axis轴;轴向;坐标轴Axis Constraints轴向约束Axis Scaling轴向比率Back后视图Back Length后面长度Back Segs后面片段数Back View背视图Back Width后面宽度Backface Cull背面忽略显示；背面除去;背景拣出Backface Cull Toggle背景拣出开关Background背景Background Display Toggle背景显示开关Background Image背景图像Background Lock Toggle背景锁定开关Background Texture Size背景纹理尺寸；背景纹理大小Backgrounds背景Backside ID内表面材质号Backup Time One Unit每单位备份时间Banking倾斜Banyan榕树Banyan tree榕树Base基本；基部；基点；基本色；基色Base/Apex基点/顶点Base Color基准颜色；基本颜色Base Colors基准颜色Base Curve基本曲线Base Elev基准海拔；基本海拔Base Objects导入基于对象的参数，例如半径、高度和线段的数目;基本物体Base Scale基本比率Base Surface基本表面;基础表面Base To Pivot中心点在底部Bevel Profile轮廓倒角Bevel Profile Modifier轮廓倒角编辑器;轮廓倒角修改器Bezier贝塞尔曲线Bezier Color贝塞尔颜色bbs。

Burkert产品型号2301、2300、2103和2702的数字电动定位器说明书

8694 Positioner TopControl BasicType 2301Globecontrol valveType 2300Angle-seat control valveType 2103Controldiaphragm valveType 2702Angle-seatcontrol valveCustomisedadaptionDigital electropneumaticPositioner for the integratedmounting on process control valvesCompact positioner for integrated mounting on pneumatically operated process valves. Re-mote setpoint adjustment via a 4-20 mA signal or through AS-Interface.A contact-free analog position sensor meas-ures the position of the valve spindle.Simple installation through automatic tune function and setting through DIP-switch:• Close tight function• Characteristic curves selection • Reversal of effective direction• Switching manual /automatic operation • Binary inputAdditional parametrisation options are possible through DTM devices.A software interface can be used for, amongst others, linearisation of the operation character-istics by using free programmable ﬁ xed points. The valve position indication is shown through LED components.As an option an analogue position feedback can be integrated.Type 8694 can be combined with…• Compact stainless steel design• Integrated valve position registration • E asy start-up• Binary input• Analogue feedback (option) • Internal control air channelTechnical data Material Body Cover SealingPPS, stainless steel PC EPDMPower supply 24 VDC +/- 10%Ripple10%, no technical direct current!Setpoint setting 4 to 20 mA Output resistance 180 ΩControl medium Dust concentration Particle densityPressure condensation point Oil concentrationneutral gases, air DIN ISO 8573-1Class 5 (<40μm particle size)Class 5 (<10mg/m 3)Cass 3 (<-20°C)Class 5 (<25mg/m 3)Ambient temperature 0 to +60°CPilot air ports Push-in connector (external Ø 6 mm or 1/4") or threaded ports G1/8Supply pressure Low air ﬂ ow rate 0 to 7 bar 1)High air ﬂ ow rate 3 to 7 bar (in preparation)Air input ﬁ lter Exchangeable (mesh aperture~0.1mm)Actuator system Actuator series 23XX Actuator series 27XX Low air ﬂ ow rate: Ø Actuator 70 / 90 mm Low air ﬂ ow rate: Ø Actuator 80 / 100 mm High air ﬂ ow rate: Ø Actuator 125 mm (in preparation)Position detection module Contact-free, wear-freeStroke range valve spindle 3 to 28 mm (47 mm on request)Installationas required, preferably with actuator in upright position Protection class IP 65/67 according to EN 60529 (NEMA4x in preparation)Power consumption < 3.5 WElectrical connection Multipole connectionCable gland (in preparation)M12 (8-pins), stainless steel1xM16x1.5 (cable-Ø5-10mm), terminal screws (1.5 mm 2) Protection class 3 according to VDE 0580Type of protection II 3 G nA II B T4 (in preparation)II 3 D tD A22 T135° (in preparation)Conformity CE acc. to EMV2004/108/EGOptions Analogue position feedback, 4-20mA ApprovalCSA (in preparation)CommunicationAS-Interface (option, in preparation)1) The supply pressure has to be 0,5 - 1 barabove the minimum required pilot pressure for the valve actuator.Ordering information for TopControl-Control valve systemsA complete TopControl-Control valve system consists of a TopControl Basic Type 8694 and a process valve Type 23XX or 27XX . The following information is necessary for the selection of a complete control valve:•Item no. of the Positioner TopControl Basic Type 8694 without process valve, see ordering chart on p. 3•Item no. of the desired process valve Type 23XX or 27XX (see separate datasheets, e.g. 2300, 2301 or 2702, 2712, 2730)•Note: TopControl-Control valve systemWhen you click on the orange box "More info." below, you will come to our website for the resp. product where you can download the datasheet.Valve systemContinuous Classic Type 8802-YC-L 2702 + 86942301 2300 2702 Globe control Angle-seat Angle-seat valve control valve control valve-I -I Valve systemContinuous ELEMENT Type 8802-YG-L 2300 + 8694Ordering chart Type 8694(other versions on request)Ordering chart accessoriesApprovals CSA&URTHERôVERSIONSôONôREQUESTOrdering chart adapter kit(has to be ordered separately)in preparationin preparationDimensions [mm]Mounting on process valve Type 27xxMaterials1Cover PC2Body casing Stainless steel 3Basic body PPS4Plug M12 Stainless steel 5ScrewsStainless steel 6Push-in connector Threaded ports G1/8POM/stainless steel Stainless steel 7SealingEPDMSignal flow diagram Position control loopTopControl Basic functions• Automatic start of the control system• Linear or progressive characteristic curvesselection (DIP-switch); free programmableover Software interface• Close tight function• Reversal of effective direction of the setpointsignal• Switching manual / automatic operation• Binary input (controller enable)• Parametrisation of the device through DTM Schematic diagram of the TopControl Basic1) The operating voltage is supplied with a 3-wire unit independent from the setpoint signal.Connection optionsConnection MultipoleTo ﬁ nd your nearest Bürkert facility, click on the orange box In case of special application conditions,please consult for advice.Subject to alteration.© Christian Bürkert GmbH & Co. KG0906/3_EU-en_00895044。

DSP芯片的基本特征(精)

DSP芯片的基本特征数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Prcessor,是一种特别适合于进行数字信号处理运算的微处理器。

自1979年诞生以来，短短二十年时间，DSP显示了巨大的应用潜力，在信号处理、通信、语言、图形图像、军事、仪器仪表、自动控制、家用电器等领域，得到广泛的应用，起着不可替代的作用，其主要应用特点是实时快速地实现各种数字信号处理算法。

DSP 一般具有如下一些特点：(1在一个指令周期内可完成一次乘法和一次加法；(2程序和数据空间分离，可以同时访问指令和数据；(3片内具有快速RAM，通常可通过独立的数据总线在两块中同时访问；(4具有低开销或大开销循环及跳转的硬件支持；(5具有在单周期内操作的多个硬件地址产生器，可以并行执行多个操作；支持流水线操作，使取值、译码和执行等操作可以重叠执行。

在自动控制系统中，DSP的高速计算能力显示了比一般微处理器更多的优点，具有广阔的应用前景。

利用DSP的高速计算能力可以增加采样速度和完成复杂的信号处理和控制算法，Kalman滤波、自适应控制矢量控制、状态观测器等复杂算法利用DSP芯片可以方便地实现。

DSP的信号处理能力还可用来减少位置、速度、磁通等传感器，无传感器运行之所以成为可能。

在自适应系统中，系统参数和状态变量通过状态观测器的计算可采用DSP有效地实现。

同样，由于高运算速度，DSP也可有效地用于神经之网络和模糊逻辑化地运动控制系统。

在实际工程应用中，DSP的高速能力还可以消除噪声污染和不精确的输入及反馈信号数据，对要求速度较快的PWM控制算如空间矢量算法。

TMS320F2812A DSP的基本特性DSP是一种特殊用途的单片机内核概述TMS320F2812DSP内核采Harvard结构体系,即相互独立的数据总线，提供了片内程序存储器和数据存储器、运算单元、一个32位算术/逻辑单元、一个32 位累加器、一个16位乘法器和一个16位桶形移位器组成，体系采取串行结构，运用流水线技术加快程序的运行，可在一个处理周期内完成乘法加法和移位计算，其内核计算速度为20MIPS(—个指令周期为50 ns。

自动化中英文对照表

0 型系统||type 0 system1 型系统||type 1 system2 型系统||type 2 system[返]回比矩阵||return ratio matrix[返]回差矩阵||return difference matrix[加]权函数||weighting function[加]权矩阵||weighting matrix[加]权因子||weighting factor[数字模拟]混合计算机||[digital-analog] hybrid computer[最]优化||optimizations 域||s-domainw 平面||w-planez [变换]传递函数||z-transfer functionz 变换||z-transformz 平面||z-planez 域||z-domain安全空间||safety space靶式流量变送器||target flow transmitter白箱测试法||white box testing approach白噪声||white noise伴随算子||adjoint operator伴随系统||adjoint system半实物仿真||semi-physical simulation, hardware-in-the-loop simulation 半自动化||semi-automation办公信息系统||office information system, OIS办公自动化||office automation, OA办公自动化系统||office automation system, OAS饱和特性||saturation characteristics报警器||alarm悲观值||pessimistic value背景仿真器||background simulator贝叶斯分类器||Bayes classifier贝叶斯学习||Bayesian learning备选方案||alternative被动姿态稳定||passive attitude stabilization被控变量||controlled variable; 又称“受控变量”。

(完整word版)自动化专业英语常用词汇

自动化专业英语常用词汇acceleration transducer 加速度传感器accumulated error 累积误差AC-DC—AC frequency converter 交-直-交变频器AC （alternating current) electric drive 交流电子传动active attitude stabilization 主动姿态稳定adjoint operator 伴随算子admissible error 容许误差amplifying element 放大环节analog—digital conversion 模数转换operational amplifiers运算放大器aperiodic decomposition 非周期分解approximate reasoning 近似推理a priori estimate 先验估计articulated robot 关节型机器人asymptotic stability 渐进稳定性attained pose drift 实际位姿漂移attitude acquisition 姿态捕获AOCS （attitude and orbit control system）姿态轨道控制系统attitude angular velocity 姿态角速度attitude disturbance 姿态扰动automatic manual station 自动-手动操作器automaton 自动机base coordinate system 基座坐标系bellows pressure gauge 波纹管压力表 gauge测量仪器black box testing approach 黑箱测试法bottom-up development 自下而上开发boundary value analysis 边界值分析brainstorming method 头脑风暴法CAE (computer aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程CAM （computer aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造capacitive displacement transducer 电容式位移传感器capacity电容 displacement 位移capsule pressure gauge 膜盒压力表rectangular coordinate system直角坐标系cascade compensation 串联补偿using series or parallel capacitors用串联或者并联的电容chaos 混沌calrity 清晰性classical information pattern 经典信息模式classifier 分类器clinical control system 临床控制系统closed loop pole 闭环极点 open loop 开环closed loop transfer function 闭环传递函数combined pressure and vacuum gauge 压力真空表command pose 指令位姿companion matrix 相伴矩阵compatibility 相容性,兼容性compensating network 补偿网络Energy is conserved in all of its forms能量是守恒的compensation 补偿，矫正conditionally instability 条件不稳定性configuration 组态connectivity 连接性conservative system 守恒系统consistency 一致性constraint condition 约束条件control accuracy 控制精度Gyroscope陀螺仪control panel 控制屏，控制盘control system synthesis 控制系统综合corner frequency 转折频率coupling of orbit and attitude 轨道和姿态耦合critical damping 临界阻尼临界criticalDamper阻尼器critical stability 临界稳定性cross-over frequency 穿越频率，交越频率cut-off frequency 截止频率cybernetics 控制论cyclic remote control 循环遥控 cycle 循环 cycliccylindrical robot 圆柱坐标型机器人damped oscillation 阻尼振荡oscillation 振荡;振动；摆动damper 阻尼器damping ratio 阻尼比 ratio 比data acquisition 数据采集data preprocessing 数据预处理data processor 数据处理器D controller 微分控制器微分控制：Differential control 积分控制:integral control 比例控制：proportional controldescribing function 描述函数desired value 希望值真值:truth values 参考值：reference valuedestination 目的站detector 检出器deviation 偏差deviation alarm 偏差报警器differential dynamical system 微differential pressure level meter 差压液位计 meter=gauge 仪表 differential 差别的微分的differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential transformer displacement transducer 差动变压器式位移传感器differentiation element 微分环节digital filer 数字滤波器 filter 滤波器digital signal processing 数字信号处理dimension transducer 尺度传感器discrete system simulation language 离散系统仿真语言 discrete离散的不连续的displacement vibration amplitude transducer 位移振幅传感器幅度：amplitudedistrubance 扰动disturbance compensation 扰动补偿diversity 多样性divisibility 可分性domain knowledge 领域知识dominant pole 主导极点零点zero调制：modulation ；modulate 解调：demodulationcountermodulationduty ratio 负载比dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic deviation 动态偏差dynamic error coefficient 动态误差系数dynamic input—output model 动态投入产出模型Index指数eddy current thickness meter 电涡流厚度计 meter 翻译成计 gauge 翻译成表electric conductance level meter 电导液位计electromagnetic flow transducer 电磁流量传感器electronic batching scale 电子配料秤 scale 秤electronic belt conveyor scale 电子皮带秤electronic hopper scale 电子料斗秤elevation 仰角 depression 俯角equilibrium point 平衡点error 误差estimate 估计量estimation theory 估计理论expected characteristics 希望特性failure diagnosis 故障诊断feasibility study 可行性研究feasible 可行的feasible region 可行域feature detection 特征检测feature extraction 特征抽取feedback compensation 反馈补偿Feed forward path 前馈通路前馈:feed forward 反馈feedbackFMS (flexible manufacturing system）柔性制造系统柔性:flexible 刚性:rigidity bending deflection 弯曲挠度 deflect 偏向偏离flow sensor/transducer 流量传感器flow transmitter 流量变送器forward path 正向通路frequency converter 变频器frequency domain model reduction method 频域模型降阶法频域frequency response 频域响应functional decomposition 功能分解FES （functional electrical stimulation) 功能电刺激 stimulate 刺激functional simularity 功能相似fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑generalized least squares estimation 广义最小二乘估计geometric similarity 几何相似global optimum 全局最优goal coordination method 目标协调法graphic search 图搜索guidance system 制导系统gyro drift rate 陀螺漂移率gyrostat 陀螺体Hall displacement transducer 霍尔式位移传感器horizontal decomposition 横向分解hydraulic step motor 液压步进马达I controller 积分控制器 integral 积分identifiability 可辨识性image recognition 图像识别impulse 冲量impulse function 冲击函数，脉冲函数index of merit 品质因数 index 指数inductive force transducer 电感式位移传感器感应的inductive 电感：inductanceindustrial automation 工业自动化inertial attitude sensor 惯性姿态敏感器inertial coordinate system 惯性坐标系information acquisition 信息采集infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析器 infrared 红外线红外线的 ultraviolet ray紫外线的 visible light可见光inherent nonlinearity 固有非线性inherent regulation 固有调节initial deviation 初始偏差input—output model 投入产出模型instability 不稳定性integrity 整体性intelligent terminal 智能终端internal disturbance 内扰invariant embedding principle 不变嵌入原理inverse Nyquist diagram 逆奈奎斯特图investment decision 投资决策joint 关节knowledge acquisition 知识获取knowledge assimilation 知识同化knowledge representation 知识表达lag-lead compensation 滞后超前补偿Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换large scale system 大系统least squares criterion 最小二乘准则 criterion 准则linearization technique 线性化方法linear motion electric drive 直线运动电气传动linear motion valve 直行程阀linear programming 线性规划load cell 称重传感器local optimum 局部最优local 局部log magnitude-phase diagram 对数幅相图magnitude大小的程度amplitude振幅long term memory 长期记忆Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability 李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理magnetoelastic weighing cell 磁致弹性称重传感器magnitude-frequency characteristic 幅频特性magnitude margin 幅值裕度 margin 边缘magnitude scale factor 幅值比例尺manipulator 机械手man—machine coordination 人机协调MAP (manufacturing automation protocol）制造自动化协议 protocol 协议marginal effectiveness 边际效益Mason‘‘s gain formula 梅森增益公式matching criterion 匹配准则maximum likelihood estimation 最大似然估计maximum overshoot 最大超调量maximum principle 极大值原理mean—square error criterion 均方误差准则minimal realization 最小实现minimum phase system 最小相位系统minimum variance estimation 最小方差估计model reference adaptive control system 模型参考适应控制系统model verification 模型验证modularization 模块化MTBF (mean time between failures）平均故障间隔时间 mean 平均MTTF (mean time to failures）平均无故障时间multiloop control 多回路控制multi-objective decision 多目标决策Nash optimality 纳什最优性nearest-neighbor 最近邻necessity measure 必然性侧度negative feedback 负反馈neural assembly 神经集合neural network computer 神经网络计算机Nichols chart 尼科尔斯图Nyquist stability criterion 奈奎斯特稳定判据objective function 目标函数on—line assistance 在线帮助on-off control 通断控制optic fiber tachometer 光纤式转速表optimal trajectory 最优轨迹optimization technique 最优化技术order parameter 序参数orientation control 定向控制oscillating period 振荡周期周期：period cycleoutput prediction method 输出预估法oval wheel flowmeter 椭圆齿轮流量计Over damping 过阻尼underdamping 欠阻尼PR （pattern recognition）模式识别P control 比例控制器peak time 峰值时间penalty function method 罚函数法perceptron 感知器phase lead 相位超前 phase lag相位滞后Photoelectri c光电 tachometric transducer 光电式转速传感器piezoelectric force transducer 压电式力传感器PLC (programmable logic controller）可编程序逻辑控制器plug braking 反接制动pole assignment 极点配置pole-zero cancellation 零极点相消polynomial input 多项式输入portfolio theory 投资搭配理论pose overshoot 位姿过调量position measuring instrument 位置测量仪posentiometric displacement transducer 电位器式位移传感器positive feedback 正反馈power system automation 电力系统自动化pressure transmitter 压力变送器primary frequency zone 主频区priority 优先级process—oriented simulation 面向过程的仿真proportional control 比例控制proportional plus derivative controller 比例微分控制器pulse duration 脉冲持续时间pulse frequency modulation control system 脉冲调频控制系统：frequency modulation 频率调制调频pulse width modulation control system 脉冲调宽控制系统PWM inverter 脉宽调制逆变器QC (quality control）质量管理quantized noise 量化噪声ramp function 斜坡函数random disturbance 随机扰动random process 随机过程rate integrating gyro 速率积分陀螺real time telemetry 实时遥测receptive field 感受野rectangular robot 直角坐标型机器人redundant information 冗余信息regional planning model 区域规划模型regulating device 调节装载regulation 调节relational algebra 关系代数remote regulating 遥调reproducibility 再现性resistance thermometer sensor 热电阻电阻温度计传感器response curve 响应曲线return difference matrix 回差矩阵return ratio matrix 回比矩阵revolute robot 关节型机器人revolution speed transducer 转速传感器rewriting rule 重写规则rigid spacecraft dynamics 刚性航天动力学 dynamics 动力学robotics 机器人学robot programming language 机器人编程语言robust control 鲁棒控制robustness 鲁棒性root locus 根轨迹roots flowmeter 腰轮流量计rotameter 浮子流量计，转子流量计sampled-data control system 采样控制系统sampling control system 采样控制系统saturation characteristics 饱和特性scalar Lyapunov function 标量李雅普诺夫函数s—domain s域self—operated controller 自力式控制器self-organizing system 自组织系统self-reproducing system 自繁殖系统self-tuning control 自校正控制sensing element 敏感元件sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sensory control 感觉控制sequential decomposition 顺序分解sequential least squares estimation 序贯最小二乘估计servo control 伺服控制,随动控制servomotor 伺服马达settling time 过渡时间sextant 六分仪short term planning 短期计划short time horizon coordination 短时程协调signal detection and estimation 信号检测和估计signal reconstruction 信号重构similarity 相似性simulated interrupt 仿真中断simulation block diagram 仿真框图simulation experiment 仿真实验simulation velocity 仿真速度simulator 仿真器single axle table 单轴转台single degree of freedom gyro 单自由度陀螺翻译顺序呵呵spin axis 自旋轴spinner 自旋体stability criterion 稳定性判据stability limit 稳定极限stabilization 镇定，稳定state equation model 状态方程模型state space description 状态空间描述static characteristics curve 静态特性曲线station accuracy 定点精度stationary random process 平稳随机过程statistical analysis 统计分析statistic pattern recognition 统计模式识别steady state deviation 稳态偏差顺序翻译即可steady state error coefficient 稳态误差系数step—by—step control 步进控制step function 阶跃函数strain gauge load cell 应变式称重传感器subjective probability 主观频率supervisory computer control system 计算机监控系统sustained oscillation 自持振荡swirlmeter 旋进流量计switching point 切换点systematology 系统学system homomorphism 系统同态system isomorphism 系统同构system engineering 系统工程tachometer 转速表target flow transmitter 靶式流量变送器task cycle 作业周期temperature transducer 温度传感器tensiometer 张力计texture 纹理theorem proving 定理证明therapy model 治疗模型thermocouple 热电偶thermometer 温度计thickness meter 厚度计three-axis attitude stabilization 三轴姿态稳定three state controller 三位控制器thrust vector control system 推力矢量控制系统thruster 推力器time constant 时间常数time—invariant system 定常系统，非时变系统 invariant不变的time schedule controller 时序控制器time—sharing control 分时控制time-varying parameter 时变参数top—down testing 自上而下测试TQC （total quality control) 全面质量管理tracking error 跟踪误差trade-off analysis 权衡分析transfer function matrix 传递函数矩阵transformation grammar 转换文法transient deviation 瞬态偏差短暂的瞬间的transient process 过渡过程transition diagram 转移图transmissible pressure gauge 电远传压力表transmitter 变送器trend analysis 趋势分析triple modulation telemetering system 三重调制遥测系统turbine flowmeter 涡轮流量计Turing machine 图灵机two—time scale system 双时标系统ultrasonic levelmeter 超声物位计unadjustable speed electric drive 非调速电气传动unbiased estimation 无偏估计underdamping 欠阻尼uniformly asymptotic stability 一致渐近稳定性uninterrupted duty 不间断工作制，长期工作制unit circle 单位圆unit testing 单元测试unsupervised learing 非监督学习upper level problem 上级问题urban planning 城市规划value engineering 价值工程variable gain 可变增益，可变放大系数variable structure control system 变结构控制vector Lyapunov function 向量李雅普诺夫函数function 函数velocity error coefficient 速度误差系数velocity transducer 速度传感器vertical decomposition 纵向分解vibrating wire force transducer 振弦式力传感器vibrometer 振动计 vibrationVibrate振动viscous damping 粘性阻尼voltage source inverter 电压源型逆变器vortex precession flowmeter 旋进流量计vortex shedding flowmeter 涡街流量计WB （way base) 方法库(完整word版)自动化专业英语常用词汇weighing cell 称重传感器weighting factor 权因子weighting method 加权法Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem 惠特克-香农采样定理Wiener filtering 维纳滤波w—plane w平面zero—based budget 零基预算zero-input response 零输入响应zero—state response 零状态响应z—transform z变换《信号与系统》专业术语中英文对照表第 1 章绪论信号（signal）系统（system）电压（voltage)电流(current）信息(information）电路（circuit）网络(network）确定性信号(determinate signal)随机信号(random signal）一维信号（one–dimensional signal)多维信号（multi–dimensional signal）(完整word版)自动化专业英语常用词汇连续时间信号(continuous time signal）离散时间信号（discrete time signal)取样信号（sampling signal）数字信号（digital signal）周期信号（periodic signal）非周期信号（nonperiodic（aperiodic） signal）能量（energy）功率（power）能量信号（energy signal)功率信号（power signal）平均功率（average power）平均能量（average energy）指数信号（exponential signal）时间常数(time constant）正弦信号（sine signal）余弦信号（cosine signal）振幅（amplitude)角频率(angular frequency）初相位（initial phase)周期（period）频率(frequency）欧拉公式(Euler's formula）复指数信号（complex exponential signal)复频率（complex frequency）实部（real part）虚部（imaginary part）抽样函数 Sa(t）（sampling（Sa） function）偶函数（even function）奇异函数（singularity function)奇异信号(singularity signal)单位斜变信号（unit ramp signal）斜率(slope）单位阶跃信号(unit step signal）符号函数（signum function）单位冲激信号（unit impulse signal）广义函数（generalized function)取样特性（sampling property）冲激偶信号（impulse doublet signal)奇函数（odd function）偶分量（even component) 偶数 even 奇数 odd 奇分量（odd component）正交函数（orthogonal function）正交函数集（set of orthogonal function）数学模型（mathematics model）电压源（voltage source）基尔霍夫电压定律(Kirchhoff's voltage law（KVL））电流源（current source）连续时间系统（continuous time system)离散时间系统（discrete time system）微分方程(differential function)差分方程（difference function）线性系统（linear system）非线性系统（nonlinear system）时变系统（time–varying system）时不变系统（time–invariant system)集总参数系统（lumped–parameter system）分布参数系统（distributed–parameter system）偏微分方程（partial differential function）因果系统（causal system)非因果系统（noncausal system）因果信号（causal signal)叠加性（superposition property）均匀性（homogeneity）积分（integral)输入–输出描述法（input–output analysis）状态变量描述法（state variable analysis）单输入单输出系统(single–input and single–output system）状态方程（state equation）输出方程（output equation)多输入多输出系统（multi–input and multi–output system)时域分析法(time domain method)变换域分析法(transform domain method）卷积（convolution）傅里叶变换(Fourier transform）拉普拉斯变换（Laplace transform）第 2 章连续时间系统的时域分析齐次解（homogeneous solution）特解（particular solution）特征方程(characteristic function）特征根(characteristic root）固有(自由）解（natural solution）强迫解（forced solution）起始条件(original condition)初始条件(initial condition)自由响应(natural response）强迫响应（forced response）零输入响应（zero-input response）零状态响应(zero—state response）冲激响应（impulse response）阶跃响应（step response）卷积积分（convolution integral）交换律(exchange law)分配律（distribute law）结合律(combine law)第3 章傅里叶变换频谱（frequency spectrum）频域（frequency domain）三角形式的傅里叶级数(trigonomitric Fourier series）指数形式的傅里叶级数（exponential Fourier series）傅里叶系数（Fourier coefficient)直流分量（direct component)基波分量（fundamental component） component 分量n 次谐波分量（n th harmonic component）复振幅（complex amplitude）频谱图(spectrum plot（diagram）)幅度谱（amplitude spectrum）相位谱（phase spectrum）包络（envelop）离散性(discrete property）谐波性(harmonic property）收敛性(convergence property）奇谐函数（odd harmonic function）吉伯斯现象（Gibbs phenomenon）周期矩形脉冲信号（periodic rectangular pulse signal）直角的周期锯齿脉冲信号(periodic sawtooth pulse signal）周期三角脉冲信号（periodic triangular pulse signal）三角的周期半波余弦信号（periodic half–cosine signal）周期全波余弦信号（periodic full–cosine signal)傅里叶逆变换(inverse Fourier transform）inverse 相反的频谱密度函数（spectrum density function）单边指数信号（single–sided exponential signal）双边指数信号（two–sided exponential signal)对称矩形脉冲信号（symmetry rectangular pulse signal）线性（linearity）对称性（symmetry)对偶性（duality)位移特性（shifting）时移特性（time–shifting)频移特性（frequency–shifting）调制定理（modulation theorem）调制（modulation）解调(demodulation）变频（frequency conversion）尺度变换特性(scaling）微分与积分特性（differentiation and integration）时域微分特性（differentiation in the time domain）时域积分特性（integration in the time domain）频域微分特性（differentiation in the frequency domain)频域积分特性（integration in the frequency domain）卷积定理（convolution theorem)时域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the time domain）频域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the frequency domain）取样信号（sampling signal）矩形脉冲取样(rectangular pulse sampling）自然取样（nature sampling)冲激取样（impulse sampling）理想取样(ideal sampling）取样定理（sampling theorem）调制信号(modulation signal）载波信号（carrier signal）已调制信号（modulated signal）模拟调制（analog modulation）数字调制（digital modulation）连续波调制（continuous wave modulation)脉冲调制（pulse modulation）幅度调制（amplitude modulation）频率调制（frequency modulation)相位调制（phase modulation）角度调制(angle modulation）频分多路复用（frequency–division multiplex（FDM））时分多路复用（time–division multiplex(TDM）)相干（同步)解调（synchronous detection)本地载波(local carrier）载波系统函数(system function)网络函数（network function)频响特性（frequency response）幅频特性（amplitude frequency response）幅频响应相频特性（phase frequency response）无失真传输（distortionless transmission）理想低通滤波器（ideal low–pass filter）截止频率（cutoff frequency）正弦积分（sine integral)上升时间（rise time）窗函数（window function）理想带通滤波器（ideal band–pass filter）太直译了第 4 章拉普拉斯变换代数方程（algebraic equation）双边拉普拉斯变换(two—sided Laplace transform）双边拉普拉斯逆变换(inverse two-sided Laplace transform）单边拉普拉斯变换（single—sided Laplace transform）拉普拉斯逆变换(inverse Laplace transform）收敛域（region of convergence（ROC））延时特性（time delay)s 域平移特性（shifting in the s-domain）s 域微分特性（differentiation in the s—domain）s 域积分特性（integration in the s—domain）初值定理（initial-value theorem）终值定理（expiration-value）复频域卷积定理（convolution theorem in the complex frequency domain）部分分式展开法（partial fraction expansion）留数法(residue method）第 5 章策动点函数（driving function）转移函数（transfer function）极点(pole）零点（zero）零极点图（zero—pole plot）暂态响应（transient response）稳态响应（stable response）稳定系统（stable system）一阶系统（first order system）高通滤波网络（high—pass filter)低通滤波网络（low—pass filter）二阶系统（second order system)最小相位系统(minimum—phase system）高通（high—pass）带通（band-pass）带阻（band-stop）有源(active）无源(passive）模拟（analog)数字（digital）通带(pass—band)阻带（stop-band）佩利－维纳准则（Paley-Winner criterion）最佳逼近（optimum approximation)过渡带(transition—band）通带公差带（tolerance band)巴特沃兹滤波器（Butterworth filter）切比雪夫滤波器（Chebyshew filter)方框图（block diagram)信号流图（signal flow graph）节点（node)支路（branch）输入节点（source node）输出节点(sink node)混合节点(mix node）通路（path）开通路（open path）闭通路（close path)环路（loop）自环路（self-loop）环路增益（loop gain）不接触环路(disconnect loop）前向通路（forward path）前向通路增益（forward path gain）梅森公式（Mason formula）劳斯准则（Routh criterion）第 6 章数字系统(digital system）数字信号处理（digital signal processing）差分方程（difference equation)单位样值响应（unit sample response）卷积和(convolution sum)Z 变换（Z transform）序列（sequence）样值（sample)单位样值信号（unit sample signal）单位阶跃序列（unit step sequence）矩形序列（rectangular sequence）单边实指数序列(single sided real exponential sequence）单边正弦序列（single sided exponential sequence）斜边序列（ramp sequence）复指数序列（complex exponential sequence）线性时不变离散系统（linear time-invariant discrete—time system)常系数线性差分方程（linear constant-coefficient difference equation)后向差分方程（backward difference equation）前向差分方程（forward difference equation）海诺塔（Tower of Hanoi）菲波纳西(Fibonacci）冲激函数串(impulse train)第 7 章数字滤波器（digital filter）单边 Z 变换（single-sided Z transform）双边 Z 变换(two—sided (bilateral) Z transform)幂级数（power series）收敛(convergence）有界序列（limitary-amplitude sequence）正项级数(positive series）有限长序列（limitary—duration sequence)右边序列（right-sided sequence)左边序列(left—sided sequence)双边序列(two-sided sequence）Z 逆变换（inverse Z transform）围线积分法（contour integral method）幂级数展开法(power series expansion）z 域微分（differentiation in the z—domain）序列指数加权（multiplication by an exponential sequence）z 域卷积定理(z—domain convolution theorem）帕斯瓦尔定理（Parseval theorem）传输函数（transfer function）序列的傅里叶变换（discrete-time Fourier transform：DTFT）序列的傅里叶逆变换（inverse discrete-time Fourier transform:IDTFT）幅度响应（magnitude response）相位响应（phase response)量化（quantization）编码（coding）模数变换（A/D 变换：analog-to-digital conversion）数模变换（D/A 变换：digital-to— analog conversion)第 8 章端口分析法（port analysis)状态变量（state variable）无记忆系统(memoryless system）有记忆系统（memory system）矢量矩阵（vector—matrix ）常量矩阵（constant matrix ）输入矢量(input vector）输出矢量（output vector)直接法（direct method）间接法(indirect method）状态转移矩阵（state transition matrix)系统函数矩阵（system function matrix）冲激响应矩阵（impulse response matrix）(完整word版)自动化专业英语常用词汇光学专业词汇大全Accelaration 加速度Myopia-near-sighted近视Sensitivity to Light感光灵敏度boost推进lag behind落后于Hyperopic-far—sighted远视visual sensation视觉ar Pattern条状图形approximate近似adjacent邻近的normal法线Color Difference色差V Signal Processing电视信号处理back and forth前后vibrant震动quantum leap量子越迁derive from起源自inhibit抑制,约束stride大幅前进obstruction障碍物substance物质实质主旨residue杂质criteria标准parameter参数parallax视差凸面镜 convex mirror凹面镜 concave mirror分光镜spectroscope入射角 angle of incidence出射角emergent angle平面镜 plane mirror放大率角度放大率angular magnification 放大率：magnification折射 refraction反射 reflect干涉 interfere衍射 diffraction干涉条纹interference fringe衍射图像 diffraction fringe衍射条纹偏振polarize polarization透射transmission透射光 transmission light光强度] light intensity电磁波 electromagnetic wave振动杨氏干涉夫琅和费衍射焦距brewster Angle布鲁斯特角quarter Waveplates四分之一波片ripple波纹capacitor电容器vertical垂直的horizontal 水平的airy disk艾里斑exit pupil出[射光］瞳Entrance pupil 入瞳optical path difference光称差radius of curvature曲率半径spherical mirror球面镜reflected beam反射束YI= or your information供参考phase difference相差interferometer干涉仪ye lens物镜/目镜spherical球的field information场信息standard Lens标准透镜refracting Surface折射面principal plane主平面vertex顶点，最高点fuzzy失真,模糊light source 光源wavelength波长angle角度spectrum光谱diffraction grating衍射光栅sphere半球的DE= ens data editor Surface radius of curvature表面曲率半径surface thickness表面厚度semi-diameter半径focal length焦距field of view视场stop 光阑refractive折射reflective反射金属切削 metal cutting机床 machine tool tool 机床金属工艺学 technology of metals刀具 cutter摩擦 friction传动 drive/transmission轴 shaft弹性 elasticity频率特性 frequency characteristic误差 error响应 response定位 allocation动力学 dynamic运动学 kinematic静力学 static分析力学 analyse mechanics 力学拉伸 pulling压缩 hitting compress剪切 shear扭转 twist弯曲应力 bending stress强度 intensity几何形状 geometricalUltrasonic超声波精度 precision交流电路 AC circuit机械加工余量 machining allowance变形力 deforming force变形 deformation应力 stress硬度 rigidity热处理 heat treatment电路 circuit半导体元件 semiconductor element反馈 feedback发生器 generator直流电源 DC electrical source门电路 gate circuit逻辑代数 logic algebra磨削 grinding螺钉 screw铣削 mill铣刀 milling cutter功率 power装配 assembling流体动力学 fluid dynamics流体力学 fluid mechanics加工 machining稳定性 stability介质 medium强度 intensity载荷 load应力 stress可靠性 reliability精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining腐蚀 rust氧化 oxidation磨损 wear耐用度 durability随机信号 random signal离散信号 discrete signal超声传感器 ultrasonic sensor摄像头 CCD cameraLead rail 导轨合成纤维 synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion车架 automotive chassis悬架 suspension转向器 redirector变速器 speed changer车间 workshop工程技术人员 engineer数学模型 mathematical model标准件 standard component零件图 part drawing装配图 assembly drawing刚度 rigidity内力 internal force位移 displacement截面 section疲劳极限 fatigue limit断裂 fracture 破裂塑性变形 plastic distortionelastic deformation 弹性变形脆性材料 brittleness material刚度准则 rigidity criterion齿轮 gearGrain 磨粒转折频率 corner frequency =break frequency Convolution 卷积Convolution integral 卷积积分Convolution property 卷积性质Convolution sum 卷积和Correlation function 相关函数Critically damped systems 临界阻尼系统Crosss-correlation functions 互相关函数Cutoff frequencies 截至频率transistor n 晶体管diode n 二极管semiconductor n 半导体resistor n 电阻器capacitor n 电容器alternating adj 交互的amplifier n 扩音器，放大器integrated circuit 集成电路linear time invariant systems 线性时不变系统voltage n 电压，伏特数Condenser=capacitor n 电容器dielectric n 绝缘体;电解质electromagnetic adj 电磁的adj 非传导性的deflection n偏斜；偏转;偏差linear device 线性器件the insulation resistance 绝缘电阻anode n 阳极，正极cathode n 阴极breakdown n 故障；崩溃terminal n 终点站；终端，接线端emitter n 发射器collect v 收集，集聚，集中insulator n 绝缘体,绝热器oscilloscope n 示波镜;示波器gain n 增益，放大倍数forward biased 正向偏置reverse biased 反向偏置P—N junction PN结MOS(metal—oxide semiconductor）金属氧化物半导体enhancement and exhausted 增强型和耗尽型integrated circuits 集成电路analog n 模拟digital adj 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仿真;模拟(完整word版)自动化专业英语常用词汇prototype n 原型array n 排队，编队vector n 向量，矢量inverse adj倒转的，反转的n反面；相反v倒转high-performance 高精确性，高性能two—dimensional 二维的;缺乏深度的three-dimensional 三维的；立体的；真实的object-oriented programming面向对象的程序设计spectral adj 光谱的distortion n 失真，扭曲，变形wavelength n 波长refractive adj 折射的ivision Multiplexing单工传输simplex transmission半双工传输half—duplex transmission全双工传输full—duplex transmission电路交换 circuit switching数字传输技术Digital transmission technology灰度图像Grey scale images灰度级Grey scale level幅度谱Magnitude spectrum相位谱Phase spectrum频谱frequency spectrum相干解调coherent demodulation coherent相干的数字图像压缩digital image compression图像编码image encoding量化quantization人机交互man machine interface交互式会话Conversational interaction路由算法Routing Algorithm目标识别Object recognition话音变换Voice transform中继线trunk line传输时延transmission delay远程监控remote monitoring光链路optical linkhalf—duplex transmission 半双工传输accompaniment 伴随物，附属物reservation 保留，预定quotation 报价单,行情报告，引语memorandum 备忘录redundancy 备用be viewed as 被看作…be regards as 被认为是as such 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调度绞车设计(全套图纸)

摘要调度绞车是一种全齿传动机械。

齿轮传动系统又称轮系。

根据轮系传动时各齿轮轴线在空间的相对位置是否固定，可分为定轴轮系和周转轮系。

定轴轮系又有外啮合圆柱齿轮传动和内啮合圆柱齿轮传动之分，而周转轮系又有差动传动和行星传动之分。

调度绞车的传动齿轮既有内啮合圆柱齿轮传动，又有行星传动，所以调度绞车又称内齿轮行星传动绞车。

调度绞车是煤矿的辅助运输设备之一，主要供井下或地面装载站调度编组矿车及在中间巷道中托运矿车及做其他辅助运输之用，直接关系到煤矿的正常生产。

调度绞车结构简单、重量不大、移动方便，而被广泛应用于矿山地面、冶金矿场或建筑工地等进行调度和其它运输工作。

调度绞车结构尺寸和重量较小、钢丝绳速度不高,安装及撤除操作方便、启动平稳、故障率低、常见故障易处理、维护方便。

调度绞车是常用来调度车辆及进行辅助牵引作业的一种绞车。

常用于矿井巷道中拖运矿车及辅助搬运，也可用在采掘工作面、装车站调度空、重载矿车。

[1]此设计进行了调度绞车的方案设计，并进行了比较分析，对其结构和主要部件经行了设计及强度校核。

并对绞车的控制电路进行了设计。

关键词：调度绞车；齿轮传动；轮系AbstractDispatch hoist is a full gear transmission machinery. Gear transmission system and transmission. According to the gear axis when driving gear train in space, whether fixed position can be divided into fixed axis gear train and turnover gear train. And there was a fixe d axle gears cylindrical gears transmission and internal meshing cylindrical gear transmission, and turnover and differential planetary gear transmission and the points. Dispatch hoist gear meshing of cylindrical gears transmission in both, and planetary t ransmission, therefore scheduling and winch in gear planetary transmission winch.The coal mine hoist scheduling is one of the main auxiliary equipment for underground or ground load standing in the middle of the harvesters and scheduling grouping of check and other auxiliary coveyance harvesters, directly related to the normal production of coal mine. Hoist scheduling of simple structure, convenient to move, little weight, is widely used in mining, metallurgy, mines, or the construction schedule and other transportation etc. Dispatch hoist structure size and weight, high speed wire smaller, installation and removal of convenient operation, stable starting, low failure rate, the common fault handling easy, convenient maintenance. Dispatch hoist is used to di spatch vehicles and auxiliary traction homework a winch. Often used in coal mine roadway and superstructure harvesters, can also be used in mining face, station and heavy-load harvesters scheduling.The design of the hoist scheduling by design, and makes a comparative analysis of its structure, and the main parts in intensity. And the control circuit of winch was designed.Key words：dispatch hoist ；gear drive；rotating目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第1章绪论 (1)1.1 设计调度绞车的意义 (1)1.2 调度绞车现状 (1)1.2.1 国内外现状分析 (1)1.2.2 结构型式 (2)1.2.3 国内外发展趋势 (4)第2章方案的选择与比较 (6)2.1 设计方案的种类 (6)2.2 方案可行性 (7)2.3 总体的结构设计 (8)第3章调度绞车主要参数的确定 (11)3.1主要参数的选择计算 (11)3.1.1主要设计参数 (11)3.1.2 钢丝绳的选择 (11)3.1.3 滚筒参数的确定 (12)3.2 电机的选择计算 (13)3.2.1绳速的确定 (13)3.2.2电机的选型 (13)3.3 总传动比的计算及分配 (14)3.3.1总传动比的计算： (14)3.3.2 传动比的分配 (14)第4章传动系统的设计 (16)4.1第一级内齿轮的设计计算 (16)4.1.1确定各主要参数 (16)4.1.2内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算 (17)4.1.3齿轮接触疲劳强度计算 (18)4.2第一级齿轮强度校验 (19)4.3第二级内齿轮设计计算 (24)4.3.1第二级传动齿轮模数m (24)4.3.2内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算 (25)4.3.3齿轮接触疲劳强度设计计算 (26)4.4第二级齿轮强度校验 (27)第5章行星轮传动设计 (32)5.1确定各主要参数 (32)5.1.1传动比 (32)5.1.2行星轮数目 (32)5.1.3载荷不均衡系数 (32)5.1.4配齿计算 (32)5.1.5太阳轮分度圆直径 (33)5.2几何尺寸计算 (35)5.3齿轮强度校核 (35)5.3.1外啮合齿轮强度校核 (36)5.3.2内啮合齿轮强度校核 (40)第6章主轴的结构设计 (44)6.1轴的材料的选定 (44)6.2轴直径的初步估算 (44)6.3轴的结构设计 (45)第7章轴承的选择计算 (52)7.1 圆柱滚子轴承的选择 (53)7.2 深汮球轴承的选择 (53)第8章键得选择与计算 (58)8.1 齿轮轴与内齿轮的联接 (58)8.1.1 键的选取 (58)8.1.2 键联接的强度校核 (58)8.2 主轴上的平键联接 (58)8.2.1 键的选取 (58)8.2.2 键联接的强度校核 (58)8.3 滚筒和行星架之间的联接 (60)8.3.1键的选取 (60)8.3.2键联接的强度校核 (60)第9章制动器的设计计算 (61)9.1制动器的作用与要求 (61)9.1.1制动器的作用： (61)9.2制动器的类型比较与选择 (61)9.2.1制动器的类型： (61)9.2.2制动器的选择 (61)9.3外抱闸式制动器结构 (62)9.4外抱闸式制动器的几何参数计算 (62)第10章电气控制的设计 (65)10.1调度绞车的控制需要 (65)10.2调度绞车的控制电路 (65)结论 (65)致谢 (68)参考文献 (69)Directory Abstract (I)Chapter 1 Introduction (1)1.1 The significance of the design schedule winch (1)1.2 Scheduling winch Overview (1)1.2.1 Comparative analysis of domestic and international level (1)1.2.2 Structure type (2)1.2.3 Domestic and international trends (4)1.2.4 The main problem to solve (6)Chapter 2 Comparison and Selection (6)2.1 The type of design (7)2. 2 Feasibility (8)Chapter 3The main parameters of scheduling winch (11)3.1 Major parameters for calculating (11)3.1.1 The main design parameters (11)3.1.2 Wire Rope Selection (11)3.1.3 Drum Parameters (12)3.2 Motor Selection and Calculation (13)3.2.1 Determine the speed rope (13)3.2.2 Motor Selection (13)3.3 Calculation of the total transmission and distribution than (14)3.3.1 Calculation of the total transmission ratio (14)3.3.2 The allocation of transmission ratio (14)Chapter 4Transmission systems design (16)4.1 First-class design and calculation of internal gear (16)4.1.1 Determine the main parameters (16)4.1.2 Gear in meshing standard cylindrical geometry calculations…..... (16)4.1.2 Gear Contact Fatigue Strength Calculation……………………... .. (16)4.2 The first stage gear strength check (20)4.3 Design and calculation within the second stage gear (24)4.3.1 The second stage gear module m (24)4.3.2 Gear in meshing standard cylindrical geometry calculations…… (25)4.3.3 Fatigue Design of computing gear (26)4.4 Check the second stage gear strength (27)Chapter 5 Planetary Gear Transmission Design (32)5.1 Determine the main parameters (32)5.1.1 Drive ratio (32)5.1.2 Determine the number of planetary gear (32)5.1.3 Load imbalance factor (32)5.1.4 Calculated with teeth (32)5.2 Geometry calculations (35)5.3 Gear Strength Check (35)5.4.1 External Gear Strength Check (35)5.4.2 Strength check of internal gear (40)Chapte 6 Spindle Design (44)6.1 Axis of the material selected (44)6.2 Preliminary estimation of shaft diameter (44)6.3 Axis Design (45)Chapter 7 Bearing Selection (52)7.1 Spherical Roller Bearings (53)7.2 Deep L. Tsai ball bearings (53)Chapter 8 Key to select and calculated (58)8.1 Gear within the gear shaft and connected (58)8.1.1 The selection of key (58)8.1.2 Connection of intensity (58)8.2 The key link on the shaft (58)8.2.1 The selection of key (58)8.2.2 Connection of intensity (58)8.3 The cylinder and the connection between the planet shelf (60)8.3.1 The selection of key (60)8.3.2 Connection of intensity (60)Chapter 9 The design and calculation of detent (61)9.1 The brake and requirements of detent (61)9.1.1 The role of detent (61)9.2 Brake type comparison and selection (63)9.2.1 Brake type (61)9.2.2 The select of brake (61)9.3The brake type brake structure (62)9.4The brake type brake geometric parameters calculation (62)Chapter 10The electrical control design (63)10.1 Dispatch hoist control needs (63)10.2 Dispatch hoist control circuit (64)Conclusion (65)Thinks (68)References (69)第1章绪论1.1 设计调度绞车的意义由于调度绞车体积小重量轻，搬运方便，牵引力大，使用灵活，性能可靠性高，在煤矿得到了广泛使用。

magnitude-based pruning

magnitude-based pruning
"magnitude-based pruning"是深度学习中的一种模型剪枝方法。

模型剪枝是一种优化技术，通过减少神经网络中的参数数量，从而降低模型的计算复杂性和内存占用，同时保持模型性能。

"magnitude-based pruning"就是基于参数的大小进行剪枝。

具体来说，这种剪枝方法会通过设置一个阈值，然后将权重值（参数）的绝对值与这个阈值比较。

如果权重值的绝对值小于阈值，那么这个权重就被认为是可以被剪枝的，可以将其置零。

这样，一些对模型贡献相对较小的参数就被移除，从而实现了模型的稀疏化。

在剪枝后，可以对剩余的稀疏模型进行微调，以进一步提高性能。

这种剪枝方法的优势在于相对简单易实现，而且不需要额外的复杂计算。

然而，需要注意的是，剪枝后的模型通常需要重新训练，以适应删除了部分参数的新结构。

"magnitude-based pruning"是模型压缩和加速的一种常见手段，用于在保持模型性能的前提下减小模型的规模，使其更适合在资源受限的环境中运行。

维美德t191说明书

A128 Error in function of the clutch -or the accelerator pedal electrical circuits,which may change the tractor functions:the clutch pedal function,the Powershift-functions or the shuttle function s.The tractor can no rmally be drivi ng direct ion. Whe n dise ngagi ng the tran smissi on use the HiShift-switches or the shuttleA192A293 Fuel sen sor in formatio n is in correct.Drivi ng can be continued no rmall y.ln correct display of the fuel gauge.燃油传感器信息错误，燃料表显示不正确。

可以继续正常驾驶。

A215 Error in function of the engine fuel system.The engine output will be limited and the maximum running speed is1500 rpm.发动机燃油系统功能错误。

发动机的输出是有限的，最大运行速度是1500转。

A236 Error in the engine controlling system.The engine works but malfunctions may occur (f.eg .l ack of output,smok in g).Driv ing can be con ti nued temporarily,but the malfu nction must be repaired as soon as possible.发动机控制系统误差。

Rapid Link 4.0电子驱动系统产品介绍说明书

Rapid Link 4.0 Brings yourMaterials Handling Efficiently Up To DateRapid Link 4.0Distributed, Electronic Drive SystemProduct Information RAMO and RASP 4.0The tailored solution for every applicationWhether its an airport, indus-trial manufacturing or logistics: The new Rapid Link 4.0 drive system has the tailored soluti-on for every conveying engin-eering environment.All variants of the compact electronic motor starter RAMO and the frequency inverter RASP feature a common foot-print for total installation flexi-bility. The frequency inverterRASP is available in various power classes for different are-as of application. A version with a device fan is available for am-bient temperatures of 55 °C.Versatility on a square: The new enclosure concept Eaton makes the installation and the expansion of Rapid Link 4.0 particularly simple and efficient with a unique and flexible enclosure concept.All motor starters up to 3 kW as well as all frequency inver-ters up to 2.2 kW feature the same square form factor and consequently feature identical mounting dimensions. Only a single fixing bracket type is required for the entire Rapid Link 4.0 range.Incomer flexibility is provided with attachment from the left, right, top or bottom. And because the dimensions and connections are identical, themotor starters and frequency inverters can be exchanged by one another when you are extending the installation.This simplifies installation, speeds up commissioning and reduces costs.Rapid connectionPlug-in connection cables with standardized sockets reduce the wiring effort and support the simple installation conceptfor material handling systems.Rapid Link 4.0 – The New Generation of FlexibilityRapid Link 4.0 is intelligent and modularly expandable – e. g. for demanding conveyor technology at airports and in logisticsStandardized installation, Plug and Play parametric programming directly on site and networked communication – these are the demands placed on modern drive engineering. Eaton delivers a modern answer with the distributed electronic drive system Rapid Link 4.0. With its flexible power spectrum, its simple handling and its intelligent programming options, this new motor starter and frequency inverter generation is the first choice for all kinds ofconveying technology applications.One form factor for all versions and tasks• Q uicker planning through installation design simplicity • U pgrades, exchange and modifications are cost-effective with little installation effort• F lexible routing of the energy and motor cables• N o derating of the electrical characteristics with side-mounting• C ontrols and heat sink always in the optimum positionVariable mounting – for demand-driven installationPractice-oriented optimiza-tion – the new functionality Whether electronic or frequency- control, Rapid Link 4.0 optimizes the handling during installation and operation with new design features.The starters are optionally avail-able with an integrated, lockable switch disconnector. For main-tenance purposes the Rapid Link 4.0 unit and motor can be quickly and safely disconnected from the electrical power source.Reliable maximum performanceAll devices stand out with their improved electrical values.The service life of the electro-nic starter of the RAMO 4.0 has almost tripled in comparison to the predecessor version – with up to 10 million switching ope-rations at 3 kW. Even the hourly switching frequency has been enhanced to over 3,000.With its degree of protection IP 65, the electronic drive sys-tem Rapid Link 4.0 can also be operated non-enclosed, distributed and directly on the conveying system in harsh industrial environments, which significantly enhances the flexibility of the installation configuration.Autonomous, distributed intelligenceThe new generation of fre-quency inverter RASP is alsoavailable as a version with integrated braking resistor (chopper).The RASP also supports any speeds with variable accelera-tion and delay.The RASP can switch from U/f control to speed control. And thanks to its own on-board intel-ligence, reoccurring sequences can, for example, be permanent-ly stored, which considerably reduces the software engineer-ing requirement in the PLC.Rapid Link 4.0 quickly and cost-effectively adapts to conversions and modifications, e. g. in industrial manufacturing anddistribution logistics.New, easily accessible repair and maintenance switchSafe setting toautomatic or manual modeSetting forforward or reverseSerial RJ 45 interface for direct communication(with RASP) as well as DIP switchPlug and Play plug connections: M12 ASI interface Sensor input 1Actuator output/fan supply Sensor input 2Optional inputEnergy/motor cable connections (left, bottom, right possible) Comprehensive diagnostics using coloured LEDsFrequency controlled motor starter RASP 4.0Performance Features OverviewCurrent measured values such as motor current or frequency are clearly graphically displayed in real-time.The comfortable comparison function allows quick and clear ergonomic reproduction of modified parameter settings.Parameters that have been saved can be edited “offline” without the frequency inverter.With the new Rapid Link 4.0 external keypad, parameters are copied to any number of devices on site using the Plug and Play principle – even simpler and faster installation of distributed drive engineering is hardly possible.With its non-volatile parameter memory, the simple handlingand an extremely compact and light design, the Rapid Link 4.0 external keypad becomes an irreplaceable companion in the field.This does not just apply for installation and commissioning, but also during regular opera-tion of the installation.Comfortable and convenient – configuration with the user-friendly MAX-Connect PC software The serial RJ 45 frequency inverter interface directly opens two communication paths: comprehensive and comfortable using a Notebook or faster and more portable with an external keypad. Configuration and copying of parameters, even from device to device, as well as the display of setpoint and actual values andreading of the alarm memory are possible at any time on site.Rapid Link 4.0 is the robust, reliabledrive system under all operating conditions –e.g. in logistics centresAlways there, ready to use – the Rapid Link 4.0 external keypad with non-volatile memory Networked CommunicationEaton addresses worldwide: /address E-Mail: *******************Internet: Published by:Eaton CorporationElectrical Sector – EMEA Eaton Industries GmbH Hein-Moeller-Str. 7–11 D-53115 Bonn© 2011 by E aton Industries GmbH Subject to alteration FL04011001Z-ENPrinted in Germany (03/2011)Article No.: 1549434015081516810Eaton CorporationEaton Corporation is a leading power manage-ment company. Eaton is a global leader with products, systems and services for the electri-cal, hydraulic, aerospace, truck and automotive fields.Eatons Electrical SectorEaton‘s electrical sector is one of the world‘s leading manufacturers and suppliers of com-ponents and systems concerned with power distribution and automation in industrial, infra-structure and residential building applications, in institutional, government, utility, commer-cial, residential, and OEM markets worldwide. Eaton‘s electrical sector include the product lines Cutler-Hammer ®, Moeller ®, Micro Innovation, Powerware ®, Holec ®, MEM ® and Santak ®. Disclaimer and limitation of liabilityThe information, recommendations, descriptions and safety instructions in this document are based on the experiences and assessments of Eaton Corporation (“Eaton”) and may not necessarily consider all eventua-lities. Should you require further information, pleasecontact an Eaton sales office. Sale of the products shown and described in these documents are subject to the terms and conditions of the Eaton sales policy or other contractual agreements between Eaton and the purchaser. There are no agreements either expressed or implied, including any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, except those already expressly agreed in an agreement existing between the parties concerned. Eaton shall have no liability for dama-ges, whether in contract or in tort (including negligence), of any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary or consequential damages or losses of any kind – including, but not limited to, damage or economic loss to devices, installations and power equipment, for financial losses, power outages, additional costs associated with thecontinued usage of existing power installations, or claims for damages by the purchaser, operator or their clients – or any damages or losses of any kind that have arisen from the use of the information, recommendations or descriptions contained herein. Any such agreement satis-fies the obligations arising for Eaton. The content of this document forms neither part of the contract nor does it amend the contract between the parties. We reserve the right to amend the information contained in this document. Photographs, diagrams and illustrations serve only for the purpose of information and justify no liability, obligation or responsibility on the part of Eaton.。

自动化专业的英语词汇表

自动化专业英语词汇表acceleration transducer 加速度传感器acceptance testing 验收测试accessibility 可及性accumulated error 累积误差AC-DC-AC frequency converter 交-直-交变频器AC (alternating current) electric drive 交流电子传动active attitude stabilization 主动姿态稳定actuator 驱动器，执行机构adaline 线性适应元adaptation layer 适应层adaptive telemeter system 适应遥测系统adjoint operator 伴随算子admissible error 容许误差aggregation matrix 集结矩阵AHP (analytic hierarchy process) 层次分析法amplifying element 放大环节analog-digital conversion 模数转换annunciator 信号器antenna pointing control 天线指向控制anti-integral windup 抗积分饱卷aperiodic decomposition 非周期分解a posteriori estimate 后验估计approximate reasoning 近似推理a priori estimate 先验估计articulated robot 关节型机器人assignment problem 配置问题，分配问题associative memory model 联想记忆模型associatron 联想机asymptotic stability 渐进稳定性attained pose drift 实际位姿漂移attitude acquisition 姿态捕获AOCS (attritude and orbit control system) 姿态轨道控制系统attitude angular velocity 姿态角速度attitude disturbance 姿态扰动attitude maneuver 姿态机动attractor 吸引子augment ability 可扩充性augmented system 增广系统automatic manual station 自动-手动操作器automaton 自动机autonomous system 自治系统backlash characteristics 间隙特性base coordinate system 基座坐标系Bayes classifier 贝叶斯分类器bearing alignment 方位对准bellows pressure gauge 波纹管压力表benefit-cost analysis 收益成本分析bilinear system 双线性系统biocybernetics 生物控制论biological feedback system 生物反馈系统black box testing approach 黑箱测试法blind search 盲目搜索block diagonalization 块对角化Boltzman machine 玻耳兹曼机bottom-up development 自下而上开发boundary value analysis 边界值分析brainstorming method 头脑风暴法breadth-first search 广度优先搜索butterfly valve 蝶阀CAE (computer aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程CAM (computer aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造Camflex valve 偏心旋转阀canonical state variable 规范化状态变量capacitive displacement transducer 电容式位移传感器capsule pressure gauge 膜盒压力表CARD 计算机辅助研究开发Cartesian robot 直角坐标型机器人cascade compensation 串联补偿catastrophe theory 突变论centrality 集中性chained aggregation 链式集结chaos 混沌characteristic locus 特征轨迹chemical propulsion 化学推进calrity 清晰性classical information pattern 经典信息模式classifier 分类器clinical control system 临床控制系统closed loop pole 闭环极点closed loop transfer function 闭环传递函数cluster analysis 聚类分析coarse-fine control 粗-精控制cobweb model 蛛网模型coefficient matrix 系数矩阵cognitive science 认知科学cognitron 认知机coherent system 单调关联系统combination decision 组合决策combinatorial explosion 组合爆炸combined pressure and vacuum gauge 压力真空表command pose 指令位姿companion matrix 相伴矩阵compartmental model 房室模型compatibility 相容性，兼容性compensating network 补偿网络compensation 补偿，矫正compliance 柔顺，顺应composite control 组合控制computable general equilibrium model 可计算一般均衡模型conditionally instability 条件不稳定性configuration 组态connectionism 连接机制connectivity 连接性conservative system 守恒系统consistency 一致性constraint condition 约束条件consumption function 消费函数context-free grammar 上下文无关语法continuous discrete event hybrid system simulation 连续离散事件混合系统仿真continuous duty 连续工作制control accuracy 控制精度control cabinet 控制柜controllability index 可控指数controllable canonical form 可控规范型[control] plant 控制对象,被控对象controlling instrument 控制仪表control moment gyro 控制力矩陀螺control panel 控制屏，控制盘control synchro 控制[式]自整角机control system synthesis 控制系统综合control time horizon 控制时程cooperative game 合作对策coordinability condition 可协调条件coordination strategy 协调策略coordinator 协调器corner frequency 转折频率costate variable 共态变量cost-effectiveness analysis 费用效益分析coupling of orbit and attitude 轨道和姿态耦合critical damping 临界阻尼critical stability 临界稳定性cross-over frequency 穿越频率，交越频率current source inverter 电流[源]型逆变器cut-off frequency 截止频率cybernetics 控制论cyclic remote control 循环遥控cylindrical robot 圆柱坐标型机器人damped oscillation 阻尼振荡damper 阻尼器damping ratio 阻尼比data acquisition 数据采集data encryption 数据加密data preprocessing 数据预处理data processor 数据处理器DC generator-motor set drive 直流发电机-电动机组传动D controller 微分控制器decentrality 分散性decentralized stochastic control 分散随机控制decision space 决策空间decision support system 决策支持系统decomposition-aggregation approach 分解集结法decoupling parameter 解耦参数deductive-inductive hybrid modeling method 演绎与归纳混合建模法delayed telemetry 延时遥测derivation tree 导出树derivative feedback 微分反馈describing function 描述函数desired value 希望值despinner 消旋体destination 目的站detector 检出器deterministic automaton 确定性自动机deviation 偏差deviation alarm 偏差报警器DFD 数据流图diagnostic model 诊断模型diagonally dominant matrix 对角主导矩阵diaphragm pressure gauge 膜片压力表difference equation model 差分方程模型differential dynamical system 微分动力学系统differential game 微分对策differential pressure level meter 差压液位计differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential transformer displacement transducer 差动变压器式位移传感器differentiation element 微分环节digital filer 数字滤波器digital signal processing 数字信号处理digitization 数字化digitizer 数字化仪dimension transducer 尺度传感器direct coordination 直接协调disaggregation 解裂discoordination 失协调discrete event dynamic system 离散事件动态系统discrete system simulation language 离散系统仿真语言discriminant function 判别函数displacement vibration amplitude transducer 位移振幅传感器dissipative structure 耗散结构distributed parameter control system 分布参数控制系统distrubance 扰动disturbance compensation 扰动补偿diversity 多样性divisibility 可分性domain knowledge 领域知识dominant pole 主导极点dose-response model 剂量反应模型dual modulation telemetering system 双重调制遥测系统dual principle 对偶原理dual spin stabilization 双自旋稳定duty ratio 负载比dynamic braking 能耗制动dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic deviation 动态偏差dynamic error coefficient 动态误差系数dynamic exactness 动它吻合性dynamic input-output model 动态投入产出模型econometric model 计量经济模型economic cybernetics 经济控制论economic effectiveness 经济效益economic evaluation 经济评价economic index 经济指数economic indicator 经济指标eddy current thickness meter 电涡流厚度计effectiveness 有效性effectiveness theory 效益理论elasticity of demand 需求弹性electric actuator 电动执行机构electric conductance levelmeter 电导液位计electric drive control gear 电动传动控制设备electric hydraulic converter 电-液转换器electric pneumatic converter 电-气转换器electrohydraulic servo vale 电液伺服阀electromagnetic flow transducer 电磁流量传感器electronic batching scale 电子配料秤electronic belt conveyor scale 电子皮带秤electronic hopper scale 电子料斗秤elevation 仰角emergency stop 异常停止empirical distribution 经验分布endogenous variable 内生变量equilibrium growth 均衡增长equilibrium point 平衡点equivalence partitioning 等价类划分ergonomics 工效学error 误差error-correction parsing 纠错剖析estimate 估计量estimation theory 估计理论evaluation technique 评价技术event chain 事件链evolutionary system 进化系统exogenous variable 外生变量expected characteristics 希望特性external disturbance 外扰fact base 事实failure diagnosis 故障诊断fast mode 快变模态feasibility study 可行性研究feasible coordination 可行协调feasible region 可行域feature detection 特征检测feature extraction 特征抽取feedback compensation 反馈补偿feedforward path 前馈通路field bus 现场总线finite automaton 有限自动机FIP (factory information protocol) 工厂信息协议first order predicate logic 一阶谓词逻辑fixed sequence manipulator 固定顺序机械手fixed set point control 定值控制FMS (flexible manufacturing system) 柔性制造系统flow sensor/transducer 流量传感器flow transmitter 流量变送器fluctuation 涨落forced oscillation 强迫振荡formal language theory 形式语言理论formal neuron 形式神经元forward path 正向通路forward reasoning 正向推理fractal 分形体，分维体frequency converter 变频器frequency domain model reduction method 频域模型降阶法frequency response 频域响应full order observer 全阶观测器functional decomposition 功能分解FES (functional electrical stimulation) 功能电刺激functional simularity 功能相似fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑game tree 对策树gate valve 闸阀general equilibrium theory 一般均衡理论generalized least squares estimation 广义最小二乘估计generation function 生成函数geomagnetic torque 地磁力矩geometric similarity 几何相似gimbaled wheel 框架轮global asymptotic stability 全局渐进稳定性global optimum 全局最优globe valve 球形阀goal coordination method 目标协调法grammatical inference 文法推断graphic search 图搜索gravity gradient torque 重力梯度力矩group technology 成组技术guidance system 制导系统gyro drift rate 陀螺漂移率gyrostat 陀螺体Hall displacement transducer 霍尔式位移传感器hardware-in-the-loop simulation 半实物仿真harmonious deviation 和谐偏差harmonious strategy 和谐策略heuristic inference 启发式推理hidden oscillation 隐蔽振荡hierarchical chart 层次结构图hierarchical planning 递阶规划hierarchical control 递阶控制homeostasis 内稳态homomorphic model 同态系统horizontal decomposition 横向分解hormonal control 内分泌控制hydraulic step motor 液压步进马达hypercycle theory 超循环理论I controller 积分控制器identifiability 可辨识性IDSS (intelligent decision support system) 智能决策支持系统image recognition 图像识别impulse 冲量impulse function 冲击函数，脉冲函数inching 点动incompatibility principle 不相容原理incremental motion control 增量运动控制index of merit 品质因数inductive force transducer 电感式位移传感器inductive modeling method 归纳建模法industrial automation 工业自动化inertial attitude sensor 惯性姿态敏感器inertial coordinate system 惯性坐标系inertial wheel 惯性轮inference engine 推理机infinite dimensional system 无穷维系统information acquisition 信息采集infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析器inherent nonlinearity 固有非线性inherent regulation 固有调节initial deviation 初始偏差initiator 发起站injection attitude 入轨姿势input-output model 投入产出模型instability 不稳定性instruction level language 指令级语言integral of absolute value of error criterion 绝对误差积分准则integral of squared error criterion 平方误差积分准则integral performance criterion 积分性能准则integration instrument 积算仪器integrity 整体性intelligent terminal 智能终端interacted system 互联系统，关联系统interactive prediction approach 互联预估法，关联预估法interconnection 互联intermittent duty 断续工作制internal disturbance 内扰ISM (interpretive structure modeling) 解释结构建模法invariant embedding principle 不变嵌入原理inventory theory 库伦论inverse Nyquist diagram 逆奈奎斯特图inverter 逆变器investment decision 投资决策isomorphic model 同构模型iterative coordination 迭代协调jet propulsion 喷气推进job-lot control 分批控制joint 关节Kalman-Bucy filer 卡尔曼-布西滤波器knowledge accomodation 知识顺应knowledge acquisition 知识获取knowledge assimilation 知识同化KBMS (knowledge base management system) 知识库管理系统knowledge representation 知识表达ladder diagram 梯形图lag-lead compensation 滞后超前补偿Lagrange duality 拉格朗日对偶性Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换large scale system 大系统lateral inhibition network 侧抑制网络least cost input 最小成本投入least squares criterion 最小二乘准则level switch 物位开关libration damping 天平动阻尼limit cycle 极限环linearization technique 线性化方法linear motion electric drive 直线运动电气传动linear motion valve 直行程阀linear programming 线性规划LQR (linear quadratic regulator problem) 线性二次调节器问题load cell 称重传感器local asymptotic stability 局部渐近稳定性local optimum 局部最优log magnitude-phase diagram 对数幅相图long term memory 长期记忆lumped parameter model 集总参数模型Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability 李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理macro-economic system 宏观经济系统magnetic dumping 磁卸载magnetoelastic weighing cell 磁致弹性称重传感器magnitude-frequency characteristic 幅频特性magnitude margin 幅值裕度magnitude scale factor 幅值比例尺manipulator 机械手man-machine coordination 人机协调manual station 手动操作器MAP (manufacturing automation protocol) 制造自动化协议marginal effectiveness 边际效益Mason's gain formula 梅森增益公式master station 主站matching criterion 匹配准则maximum likelihood estimation 最大似然估计maximum overshoot 最大超调量maximum principle 极大值原理mean-square error criterion 均方误差准则mechanism model 机理模型meta-knowledge 元知识metallurgical automation 冶金自动化minimal realization 最小实现minimum phase system 最小相位系统minimum variance estimation 最小方差估计minor loop 副回路missile-target relative movement simulator 弹体-目标相对运动仿真器modal aggregation 模态集结modal transformation 模态变换MB (model base) 模型库model confidence 模型置信度model fidelity 模型逼真度model reference adaptive control system 模型参考适应控制系统model verification 模型验证modularization 模块化MEC (most economic control) 最经济控制motion space 可动空间MTBF (mean time between failures) 平均故障间隔时间MTTF (mean time to failures) 平均无故障时间multi-attributive utility function 多属性效用函数multicriteria 多重判据multilevel hierarchical structure 多级递阶结构multiloop control 多回路控制multi-objective decision 多目标决策multistate logic 多态逻辑multistratum hierarchical control 多段递阶控制multivariable control system 多变量控制系统myoelectric control 肌电控制Nash optimality 纳什最优性natural language generation 自然语言生成nearest-neighbor 最近邻necessity measure 必然性侧度negative feedback 负反馈neural assembly 神经集合neural network computer 神经网络计算机Nichols chart 尼科尔斯图noetic science 思维科学noncoherent system 非单调关联系统noncooperative game 非合作博弈nonequilibrium state 非平衡态nonlinear element 非线性环节nonmonotonic logic 非单调逻辑nonparametric training 非参数训练nonreversible electric drive 不可逆电气传动nonsingular perturbation 非奇异摄动non-stationary random process 非平稳随机过程nuclear radiation levelmeter 核辐射物位计nutation sensor 章动敏感器Nyquist stability criterion 奈奎斯特稳定判据objective function 目标函数observability index 可观测指数observable canonical form 可观测规范型on-line assistance 在线帮助on-off control 通断控制open loop pole 开环极点operational research model 运筹学模型optic fiber tachometer 光纤式转速表optimal trajectory 最优轨迹optimization technique 最优化技术orbital rendezvous 轨道交会orbit gyrocompass 轨道陀螺罗盘orbit perturbation 轨道摄动order parameter 序参数orientation control 定向控制originator 始发站oscillating period 振荡周期output prediction method 输出预估法oval wheel flowmeter 椭圆齿轮流量计overall design 总体设计overdamping 过阻尼overlapping decomposition 交叠分解Pade approximation 帕德近似Pareto optimality 帕雷托最优性passive attitude stabilization 被动姿态稳定path repeatability 路径可重复性pattern primitive 模式基元PR (pattern recognition) 模式识别P control 比例控制器peak time 峰值时间penalty function method 罚函数法perceptron 感知器periodic duty 周期工作制perturbation theory 摄动理论pessimistic value 悲观值phase locus 相轨迹phase trajectory 相轨迹phase lead 相位超前photoelectric tachometric transducer 光电式转速传感器phrase-structure grammar 短句结构文法physical symbol system 物理符号系统piezoelectric force transducer 压电式力传感器playback robot 示教再现式机器人PLC (programmable logic controller) 可编程序逻辑控制器plug braking 反接制动plug valve 旋塞阀pneumatic actuator 气动执行机构point-to-point control 点位控制polar robot 极坐标型机器人pole assignment 极点配置pole-zero cancellation 零极点相消polynomial input 多项式输入portfolio theory 投资搭配理论pose overshoot 位姿过调量position measuring instrument 位置测量仪posentiometric displacement transducer 电位器式位移传感器positive feedback 正反馈power system automation 电力系统自动化predicate logic 谓词逻辑pressure gauge with electric contact 电接点压力表pressure transmitter 压力变送器price coordination 价格协调primal coordination 主协调primary frequency zone 主频区PCA (principal component analysis) 主成分分析法principle of turnpike 大道原理priority 优先级process-oriented simulation 面向过程的仿真production budget 生产预算production rule 产生式规则profit forecast 利润预测PERT (program evaluation and review technique) 计划评审技术program set station 程序设定操作器proportional control 比例控制proportional plus derivative controller 比例微分控制器protocol engineering 协议工程prototype 原型pseudo random sequence 伪随机序列pseudo-rate-increment control 伪速率增量控制pulse duration 脉冲持续时间pulse frequency modulation control system 脉冲调频控制系统pulse width modulation control system 脉冲调宽控制系统PWM inverter 脉宽调制逆变器pushdown automaton 下推自动机QC (quality control) 质量管理quadratic performance index 二次型性能指标qualitative physical model 定性物理模型quantized noise 量化噪声quasilinear characteristics 准线性特性queuing theory 排队论radio frequency sensor 射频敏感器ramp function 斜坡函数random disturbance 随机扰动random process 随机过程rate integrating gyro 速率积分陀螺ratio station 比值操作器reachability 可达性reaction wheel control 反作用轮控制realizability 可实现性,能实现性real time telemetry 实时遥测receptive field 感受野rectangular robot 直角坐标型机器人rectifier 整流器recursive estimation 递推估计reduced order observer 降阶观测器redundant information 冗余信息reentry control 再入控制regenerative braking 回馈制动，再生制动regional planning model 区域规划模型regulating device 调节装载regulation 调节relational algebra 关系代数relay characteristic 继电器特性remote manipulator 遥控操作器remote regulating 遥调remote set point adjuster 远程设定点调整器rendezvous and docking 交会和对接reproducibility 再现性resistance thermometer sensor 热电阻resolution principle 归结原理resource allocation 资源分配response curve 响应曲线return difference matrix 回差矩阵return ratio matrix 回比矩阵reverberation 回响reversible electric drive 可逆电气传动revolute robot 关节型机器人revolution speed transducer 转速传感器rewriting rule 重写规则rigid spacecraft dynamics 刚性航天动力学risk decision 风险分析robotics 机器人学robot programming language 机器人编程语言robust control 鲁棒控制robustness 鲁棒性roll gap measuring instrument 辊缝测量仪root locus 根轨迹roots flowmeter 腰轮流量计rotameter 浮子流量计，转子流量计rotary eccentric plug valve 偏心旋转阀rotary motion valve 角行程阀rotating transformer 旋转变压器Routh approximation method 劳思近似判据routing problem 路径问题sampled-data control system 采样控制系统sampling control system 采样控制系统saturation characteristics 饱和特性scalar Lyapunov function 标量李雅普诺夫函数SCARA (selective compliance assembly robot arm) 平面关节型机器人scenario analysis method 情景分析法scene analysis 物景分析s-domain s域self-operated controller 自力式控制器self-organizing system 自组织系统self-reproducing system 自繁殖系统self-tuning control 自校正控制semantic network 语义网络semi-physical simulation 半实物仿真sensing element 敏感元件sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sensory control 感觉控制sequential decomposition 顺序分解sequential least squares estimation 序贯最小二乘估计servo control 伺服控制，随动控制servomotor 伺服马达settling time 过渡时间sextant 六分仪short term planning 短期计划short time horizon coordination 短时程协调signal detection and estimation 信号检测和估计signal reconstruction 信号重构similarity 相似性simulated interrupt 仿真中断simulation block diagram 仿真框图simulation experiment 仿真实验simulation velocity 仿真速度simulator 仿真器single axle table 单轴转台single degree of freedom gyro 单自由度陀螺single level process 单级过程single value nonlinearity 单值非线性singular attractor 奇异吸引子singular perturbation 奇异摄动sink 汇点slaved system 受役系统slower-than-real-time simulation 欠实时仿真slow subsystem 慢变子系统socio-cybernetics 社会控制论socioeconomic system 社会经济系统software psychology 软件心理学solar array pointing control 太阳帆板指向控制solenoid valve 电磁阀source 源点specific impulse 比冲speed control system 调速系统spin axis 自旋轴spinner 自旋体stability criterion 稳定性判据stability limit 稳定极限stabilization 镇定，稳定Stackelberg decision theory 施塔克尔贝格决策理论state equation model 状态方程模型state space description 状态空间描述static characteristics curve 静态特性曲线station accuracy 定点精度stationary random process 平稳随机过程statistical analysis 统计分析statistic pattern recognition 统计模式识别steady state deviation 稳态偏差steady state error coefficient 稳态误差系数step-by-step control 步进控制step function 阶跃函数stepwise refinement 逐步精化stochastic finite automaton 随机有限自动机strain gauge load cell 应变式称重传感器strategic function 策略函数strongly coupled system 强耦合系统subjective probability 主观频率suboptimality 次优性supervised training 监督学习supervisory computer control system 计算机监控系统sustained oscillation 自持振荡swirlmeter 旋进流量计switching point 切换点symbolic processing 符号处理synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性synergetics 协同学syntactic analysis 句法分析system assessment 系统评价systematology 系统学system homomorphism 系统同态system isomorphism 系统同构system engineering 系统工程tachometer 转速表target flow transmitter 靶式流量变送器task cycle 作业周期teaching programming 示教编程telemechanics 远动学telemetering system of frequency division type 频分遥测系统telemetry 遥测teleological system 目的系统teleology 目的论temperature transducer 温度传感器template base 模版库tensiometer 张力计texture 纹理theorem proving 定理证明therapy model 治疗模型thermocouple 热电偶thermometer 温度计thickness meter 厚度计three-axis attitude stabilization 三轴姿态稳定three state controller 三位控制器thrust vector control system 推力矢量控制系统thruster 推力器time constant 时间常数time-invariant system 定常系统，非时变系统time schedule controller 时序控制器time-sharing control 分时控制time-varying parameter 时变参数top-down testing 自上而下测试topological structure 拓扑结构TQC (total quality control) 全面质量管理tracking error 跟踪误差trade-off analysis 权衡分析transfer function matrix 传递函数矩阵transformation grammar 转换文法transient deviation 瞬态偏差transient process 过渡过程transition diagram 转移图transmissible pressure gauge 电远传压力表transmitter 变送器trend analysis 趋势分析triple modulation telemetering system 三重调制遥测系统turbine flowmeter 涡轮流量计Turing machine 图灵机two-time scale system 双时标系统ultrasonic levelmeter 超声物位计unadjustable speed electric drive 非调速电气传动unbiased estimation 无偏估计underdamping 欠阻尼uniformly asymptotic stability 一致渐近稳定性uninterrupted duty 不间断工作制，长期工作制unit circle 单位圆unit testing 单元测试unsupervised learing 非监督学习upper level problem 上级问题urban planning 城市规划utility function 效用函数value engineering 价值工程variable gain 可变增益，可变放大系数variable structure control system 变结构控制vector Lyapunov function 向量李雅普诺夫函数velocity error coefficient 速度误差系数velocity transducer 速度传感器vertical decomposition 纵向分解vibrating wire force transducer 振弦式力传感器vibrometer 振动计viscous damping 粘性阻尼voltage source inverter 电压源型逆变器vortex precession flowmeter 旋进流量计vortex shedding flowmeter 涡街流量计WB (way base) 方法库weighing cell 称重传感器weighting factor 权因子weighting method 加权法Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem 惠特克-香农采样定理Wiener filtering 维纳滤波work station for computer aided design 计算机辅助设计工作站w-plane w平面zero-based budget 零基预算zero-input response 零输入响应zero-state response 零状态响应zero sum game model 零和对策模型z-transform z变换。