Common Denominator
2023军队文职社会公开招考笔试《英语语言文学》高频考题汇编及答案
2023军队文职社会公开招考笔试《英语语言文学》高频考题汇编及答案学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、单选题(55题)1.The semantic triangle holds that the meaning of a word ( )A.is interpreted through the mediation of conceptB.is related to the thing it refers toC.is the idea associated with that word“in the mind of the speaker”D.is the image it is represented in the mind2.( ) is the defining properties of units like number，gender，case.A.Parts of speechB.Word classesC.Grammatical categoriesD.Functions of words3.Australia can be divided into three big regions，which of the following is not included？( )A.The Great Dividing RangeB.The MurrayC.The Central LowlandsD.The Western Plateau4.Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the UnitedStates，( )when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.A.and accelerated a phenomenonB.a phenomenon that acceleratedC.accelerating a phenomenon whichD.the acceleration of which phenomenon5.Which of the following statements about American education is wrong？( )A.Elementary and secondary education is free and compulsoryB.More public collges，universities than private onesC.Private school fnancially supported by religious，nonreligious and private organizations，individualsD.Credits taken at community colleges are normally applicable to requirement for a four-year bachelor’s degree6.In communication，a smile is usually( )strong sign of a friendly and( )open attitude.A.the，/B.a，anC.a，/D.the，an7.Bloomfield introduced the IC analysis，whose full name is ( ) Analysis.A.Internal ComponentB.Innate CapacityC.Internal ConstituentD.Immediate Constituents8.The security of a country is( )related to the safety of the rest world.A.merelyB.closeC.mereD.closely9.The indigenous people in Australia are( )，which have 2.2% of the total population in 2001.A.aboriginesB.MaorisC.CherokeesD.people from India10.If we are to use the technique of IC analysis to analyze the sentence“She broke the window with a ( ) stone yesterday”，where is the first cut？A.Between stone and yesterdayB.Between she and brokeC.Between broke and the windowD.Between window and with11.The answers to the problem，the scientists say，is to build up the immune system，which not only will give greater( )to disease but will boost cellular regeneration and improve the skin.A.persistenceB.insistenceC.resistanceD.instance12.Australia completely abolished the White Australia Policy during the goverment of( ).A.Gough WhitlamB.Stanly BruceC.Earle PageD.Joseph Lyons13.The vowel ( ) is a low back vowel.A./i：/B./u/C./a：/D./e/14.The bomb destroyed a police station and damaged a church( )A.badlyB.badC.worseD.mostly15.Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes only？( )A.HappinessB.TelevisionC.EcologyD.Teacher16.The National Day of Canada is( )A.July 1stB.June 1stC.October 1stD.July 3rd17.The passengers in missing airplane were( )dead after several months of search.A.rectifiedB.testifiedC.certifiedD.verified18.They gave each other a big hug with( )，since they haven’t seen each other for 15 years.A.passionB.sensationC.sentimentD.emotion19.Which of the following is not the function of the Australian parliament？( )A.Making lawsB.Authorising the Government to spend public moneyC.Scrutinising govermment activitiesD.Interpreting constitutional provisions20.There are different types of affixes or morphemes.The affix"-ed"in the word"learned"is known as a（n）__________.A.derivational morphemeB.free morphemeC.inflectional morphemeD.free form21.He( )with Smith at least four times in the past three years.A.has been seen to meetB.was seen to meetC.had been seen meetingD.is seen meeting22.Henry Fielding′s ( )indicates the genre of novel has got to the mature period.A.Joseph AndrewsB.Jonathan WildC.The History of Tom Jones，a FoundlingD.Amelia23.My watch fell down on the ground and there was a hairline crack in the( )of dial plate.A.frontierB.boundaryC.limitD.rim24.I’ll work( )because I don’t want to let him down.A.hardB.hardestC.harderD.hardly25.Australia has several different climatic regions，from warm to( )and tropical.A.temperateB.subtropicalC.humidD.continental26.( ) are bound morphemes because they can not be used as separate words.A.RootsB.StemsC.Affixespounds27.( ) refers to a construction where one clause is coordinated with another.A.EmbeddingB.RecursivenessC.ConjoiningD.Cohesion28.The captain and his crews depended on the( )of navigation- the compassfor orientation.A.instrumentB.deviceC.applianceD.equipment29.The capital city of Canada is( )A.MontrealB.TorontoC.VancouverD.Ottawa30.The“first Americans”are( )A.the AboriginesB.the MaoriC.the IndiansD.the Eskimos31.Which item does not fall under the same category as the rest？( )A.StatesmanB.CorpulentC.SlimD.Decease32.Jean Wagner′s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it( )in a religious，as well as worldly，frame of reference.A.is to be analyzedB.has been analyzedC.be analyzedD.should have been analyzed33.Alexander Pope was an outstanding enlightener and the greatest English poet of school in ( ) the first half of the 18th century.A.romanticB.pre-romanticC.NeoclassicalD.realistic34.The shutters stood( )，and through one of the newly-washed windows I caught the light of a fire.A.wideB.straightC.uprightD.widely35.The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question，however，( )to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how36.The Great Charter was signed in( )and had( )clauses.A.1251，63B.1251，73C.1215，63D.1215，7337.( ) is commonly considered to be the beginning of English literature and is the oldest surviving epic in English literatureA.BeowulfB.The Canterbury TalesC.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD.The Fates of the Apostles38.There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take，( )they can limit how much water you drink.A.much more thanB.no more thanC.no less thanD.any more than39.Mike was one of my( )customers.A.normalB.regularC.ordinaryual40.The Hundred Year’s War lasted from 1337 to 1453 between Britain and( )A.the USB.FranceC.CanadaD.Australia41.Death of a Salesman was written by ( )A.Arthur MillerB.Ernest HemingwayC.Ralph EllisonD.James Baldwin42.What is the ranking of Canada in the world by land area？( )A.FirstB.SecondC.ThirdD.Fourth43.Which of the following literary forms is regarded as the most common and influential form that English ( ) poetry has taken since 16th century？A.SonnetB.Blank VerseC.Free VerseD.Essay44.The( )nature of the plant is very different from others for its growth and distribution depend on its host completely.A.specificB.peculiarC.extraordinaryD.particular45.The heart is( )intelligent than the stomach，for they are both controlled by the brain.A.not soB.not muchC.much moreD.no more46.Easter is a holiday usually connected to the following except( )A.the reunion of a large familying of springC.resurrection of ChristD.eating of Easter eggs47.The fans did not think( )of him because they know how poorly he was.A.highB.highlyC.badD.badly48.The northern part of the Australia has a tropical climate with only two seasons，and the dry season lasts from( ).A.January to JuneB.July to NovemberC.November to AprilD.May to October49.My( )your proposal speaks volumes for my will.A.consent toB.consent withC.hatred ofD.admission of50.This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen( )comfortably.A.is wormB.wearsC.WearingD.are worn51.According to the maxim of ( ) suggested by Grice，one should speak truthfully.A.qualityB.mannerC.relationD.quantity52.In which day is Halloween celebrated？( )A.5 NovemberB.31 OctoberC.17 MarchD.25 December53.The Cooperative Principle is proposed by ( ).A.SaussureB.GriceC.ChomskyD.Leech54.Of Dickens′ novels，( )is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.David CopperfieldC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations55.The anthem of Canada is ( )A.Canada The BeautifulB.O CanadaC.God Defend CanadaD.Advance Canada Fair参考答案1.A2.C3.B4.B5.B考查美国的教育情况。
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit3
Unit 3Section I Listening ComprehensionI.Short conversationsDirections：In this section you’ll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.1. A. She had practiced a lot。
B. She had paid high fees.C。
She had modeling experiences。
D. She complained to the right person。
A2。
A。
The man speaks favorably of it, while the woman speaks unfavorably.B. The woman speaks favorably of it，while the man speaks unfavorably.C. Both the man and the woman speak favorably of it。
D。
Neither the man nor the woman speaks favorably of it。
A3. A. Only vegetables and fruits.B。
A lot of fish and meat.C。
Traditional diets.D。
New diets。
D4. A. She’s a blonde.B。
She envies a blonde’s white skin。
C。
She looks dark and unattractive。
D。
She looks brown and attractive。
D5. A. Business。
B。
False pride.C。
面向对象程序设计C课后题答案
第一章：面向对象程序设计概述[1_1]什么是面向对象程序设计？面向对象程序设计是一种新型的程序设计范型。
这种范型的主要特征是：程序=对象+消息。
面向对象程序的基本元素是对象，面向对象程序的主要结构特点是：第一：程序一般由类的定义和类的使用两部分组成，在主程序中定义各对象并规定它们之间传递消息的规律。
第二：程序中的一切操作都是通过向对象发送消息来实现的，对象接受到消息后，启动有关方法完成相应的操作。
面向对象程序设计方法模拟人类习惯的解题方法，代表了计算机程序设计新颖的思维方式。
这种方法的提出是软件开发方法的一场革命，是目前解决软件开发面临困难的最有希望、最有前途的方法之一。
[1_2]什么是类？什么是对象？对象与类的关系是什么？在面向对象程序设计中，对象是描述其属性的数据以及对这些数据施加的一组操作封装在一起构成的统一体。
对象可以认为是：数据+操作在面向对象程序设计中，类就是具有相同的数据和相同的操作的一组对象的集合，也就是说，类是对具有相同数据结构和相同操作的一类对象的描述。
类和对象之间的关系是抽象和具体的关系。
类是多个对象进行综合抽象的结果，一个对象是类的一个实例。
在面向对象程序设计中，总是先声明类，再由类生成对象。
类是建立对象的“摸板”，按照这个摸板所建立的一个个具体的对象，就是类的实际例子，通常称为实例。
[1_3]现实世界中的对象有哪些特征？请举例说明。
对象是现实世界中的一个实体，其具有以下一些特征：（1）每一个对象必须有一个名字以区别于其他对象。
（2）需要用属性来描述它的某些特性。
（3）有一组操作，每一个操作决定了对象的一种行为。
（4）对象的操作可以分为两类：一类是自身所承受的操作，一类是施加于其他对象的操作。
例如：雇员刘名是一个对象对象名：刘名对象的属性：年龄：36 生日：1966.10.1 工资：2000 部门：人事部对象的操作：吃饭开车[1_4]什么是消息？消息具有什么性质？在面向对象程序设计中，一个对象向另一个对象发出的请求被称为“消息”。
专业英语四级模拟试卷634(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级模拟试卷634(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITINGPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.1．正确答案：Strength of a Single Syllable A lot of small words, more than you might think, / can meet your needs with a strength, grace and charm / that large words lack. / Big words can make the way dark / for those who hear what you say and read what you write. / Small words are like the hearth fire that warms the home, / and they cast clear light on big things: / night and day, love and hate, war and peace, life and death. / Like fast friends, / they will not let you down.解析：本文主要讨论了单音节词的优点。
常用数学符号大全
常用数学符号大全1、几何符号⊥∥∠⌒⊙≡≌△2、代数符号∝∧∨～∫≠≤≥≈∞∶3、运算符号如加号（＋），减号（－），乘号（×或·），除号（÷或／），两个集合的并集（∪），交集（∩），根号（√），对数（log，lg，ln），比（：），微分（dx），积分（∫），曲线积分（∮）等。
4、集合符号∪∩∈5、特殊符号∑π（圆周率）6、推理符号|a| ⊥∽△∠∩∪≠≡±≥≤∈←↑→↓↖↗↘↙∥∧∨&; §①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ΓΔΘΛΞΟΠΣΦΧΨΩαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρστυφχψωⅠ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ Ⅻⅰ ⅱ ⅲ ⅳ ⅴ ⅵ ⅶ ⅷ ⅸ ⅹ∈∏∑∕√∝∞∟ ∠∣∥∧∨∩∪∫∮∴∵∶∷∽≈≌≒≠≡≤≥≦≧≮≯⊕⊙⊥⊿⌒℃指数0123：o1237、数量符号如：i，2+i，a，x，自然对数底e，圆周率π。
8、关系符号如“＝”是等号，“≈”是近似符号，“≠”是不等号，“＞”是大于符号，“＜”是小于符号，“≥”是大于或等于符号（也可写作“≮”），“≤”是小于或等于符号（也可写作“≯”），。
“→ ”表示变量变化的趋势，“∽”是相似符号，“≌”是全等号，“∥”是平行符号，“⊥”是垂直符号，“∝”是成正比符号，（没有成反比符号，但可以用成正比符号配倒数当作成反比）“∈”是属于符号，“??”是“包含”符号等。
9、结合符号如小括号“（）”中括号“［］”，大括号“｛｝”横线“—”10、性质符号如正号“＋”，负号“－”，绝对值符号“| |”正负号“±”11、省略符号如三角形（△），直角三角形（Rt△），正弦（sin），余弦（cos），x的函数（f(x)），极限（lim），角（∠），∵因为，（一个脚站着的，站不住）∴所以，（两个脚站着的，能站住）总和（∑），连乘（∏），从n个元素中每次取出r个元素所有不同的组合数（C(r)(n) ），幂（A，Ac，Aq，x^n）等。
数学专业用词的英文翻译
数学专业用词的英文翻译数学的英文篇一：数学英文词汇大全微积分第一章函数与极限Chapter1FunctionandLimit集合set元素element子集subset空集emptyset并集union交集intersection差集differenceofset基本集basicset补集complementset直积directproduct笛卡儿积Cartesianproduct开区间openinterval闭区间closedinterval半开区间halfopeninterval有限区间finiteinterval区间的长度lengthofaninterval无限区间infiniteinterval领域neighborhood领域的中心centreofaneighborhood领域的半径radiusofaneighborhood左领域leftneighborhood右领域rightneighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mappingofXontoY满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-onemapping 双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inversemapping复合映射compositemapping自变量independentvariable因变量dependentvariable定义域domain函数值valueoffunction函数关系functionrelation值域range自然定义域naturaldomain单值函数singlevaluedfunction 多值函数multiplevaluedfunction 单值分支one-valuedbranch函数图形graphofafunction绝对值函数absolutevalue符号函数sighfunction整数部分integralpart阶梯曲线stepcurve当且仅当ifandonlyif(iff)分段函数piecewisefunction上界upperbound下界lowerbound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicityofafunction 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotonefunction函数的奇偶性parity(odevity)ofafunction 对称symmetry偶函数evenfunction奇函数oddfunction函数的周期性periodicityofafunction周期period反函数inversefunction直接函数directfunction复合函数compositefunction中间变量intermediatevariable函数的运算operationoffunction基本初等函数basicelementaryfunction 初等函数elementaryfunction幂函数powerfunction指数函数exponentialfunction对数函数logarithmicfunction三角函数trigonometricfunction反三角函数inversetrigonometricfunction 常数函数constantfunction双曲函数hyperbolicfunction双曲正弦hyperbolicsine双曲余弦hyperboliccosine双曲正切hyperbolictangent反双曲正弦inversehyperbolicsine反双曲余弦inversehyperboliccosine反双曲正切inversehyperbolictangent极限limit数列sequenceofnumber收敛convergence收敛于aconvergetoa发散divergent极限的唯一性uniquenessoflimits收敛数列的有界性boundednessofaconvergentsequence 子列subsequence函数的极限limitsoffunctions函数当x趋于x0时的极限limitoffunctionsasxapproachesx0 左极限leftlimit右极限rightlimit单侧极限one-sidedlimits水平渐近线horizontalasymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线verticalasymptote夹逼准则squeezerule单调数列monotonicsequence高阶无穷小infinitesimalofhigherorder低阶无穷小infinitesimaloflowerorder同阶无穷小infinitesimalofthesameorder等阶无穷小equivalentinfinitesimal函数的连续性continuityofafunction增量increment函数在x0连续thefunctioniscontinuousatx0左连续leftcontinuous右连续rightcontinuous区间上的连续函数continuousfunction函数在该区间上连续functioniscontinuousonaninterval不连续点discontinuitypoint第一类间断点discontinuitypointofthefirstkind第二类间断点discontinuitypointofthesecondkind初等函数的连续性continuityoftheelementaryfunctions定义区间definedinterval最大值globalmaximumvalue(absolutemaximum)最小值globalminimumvalue(absoluteminimum)零点定理thezeropointtheorem介值定理intermediatevaluetheorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2DerivativeandDifferential速度velocity匀速运动uniformmotion平均速度averagevelocity瞬时速度instantaneousvelocity圆的切线tangentlineofacircle切线tangentline切线的斜率slopeofthetangentline位置函数positionfunction导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problemofthechangerateofafunction导函数derivedfunction左导数left-handderivative右导数right-handderivative单侧导数one-sidedderivatives在闭区间【a,b】上可导isderivableontheclosedinterval[a,b] 切线方程tangentequation角速度angularvelocity成本函数costfunction边际成本marginalcost链式法则chainrule隐函数implicitfunction显函数explicitfunction二阶函数secondderivative三阶导数thirdderivative高阶导数nthderivative莱布尼茨公式Leibnizformula对数求导法log-derivative参数方程parametricequation相关变化率correlativechangerata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differentialoffunction自变量的微分differentialofindependentvariable微商differentialquotient间接测量误差indirectmeasurementerror绝对误差absoluteerror相对误差relativeerror第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3MeanValueTheoremofDifferentialsandtheApplicati onofDerivatives罗马定理Rolle’stheorem费马引理Fermat’slemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’smeanvaluetheorem驻点stationarypoint稳定点stablepoint临界点criticalpoint辅助函数auxiliaryfunction拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’smeanvalueformula柯西中值定理Cauchy’smeanvaluetheorem洛必达法则L’Hospital’sRule0/0型不定式indeterminateformoftype0/0不定式indeterminateform泰勒中值定理Taylor’smeanvaluetheorem泰勒公式Taylorformula余项remainderterm拉格朗日余项Lagrangeremainderterm麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’sformula佩亚诺公式Peanoremainderterm凹凸性concavity凹向上的concaveupward,cancaveup凹向下的，向上凸的concavedownward’concavedown拐点inflectionpoint函数的'极值extremumoffunction极大值local(relative)maximum最大值global(absolute)mximum极小值local(relative)minimum最小值global(absolute)minimum目标函数objectivefunction曲率curvature弧微分arcdifferential平均曲率averagecurvature曲率园circleofcurvature曲率中心centerofcurvature曲率半径radiusofcurvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolationofroot隔离区间isolationinterval切线法tangentlinemethod第四章不定积分Chapter4IndefiniteIntegrals原函数primitivefunction(antiderivative) 积分号signofintegration被积函数integrand数学的英文篇二：数学英文词汇代数部分1.有关基本运算：add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集propersubset真子集solutionset解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraicterm代数项liketerms,similarterms同类项numericalcoefficient数字系数literalcoefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域originalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程等价方程linearequation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)4.有关分数和小数properfraction真分数improperfraction假分数mixednumber带分数vulgarfraction,commonfraction普通分数simplefraction简分数complexfraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimalfraction纯小数infinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmeticmean算术平均值weightedaverage加权平均值geometricmean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementaryfunction余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32roundoff四舍五入6.有关数论naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数compositenumber合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal倒数commondivisor公约数multiple倍数(least)commonmultiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数commonratio公比7.数列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差数列geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例数学的英文篇三：数学英文代数ALGEBRA1.数论naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber 负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse倒数compositenumber合数 e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal倒数commondivisor公约数multiple倍数(minimum)commonmultiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数mean平均数median中值commonratio公比2.基本数学概念arithmeticmean算术平均值weightedaverage加权平均值geometricmean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体squareroot 平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction 反函数complementaryfunction余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32roundoff四舍五入数学3.基本运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数，红利divisor因子，除数，公约数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入4.代数式，方程，不等式algebraicterm代数项liketerms,similarterms同类项numericalcoefficient数字系数literalcoefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域originalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程linearequation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5.分数，小数properfraction真分数improperfraction假分数mixednumber 带分数vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分数simplefraction简分数complexfraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator（最小）公分母quarter四分之一decimalfraction纯小数infinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位6.集合union并集propersubset真子集solutionset解集7.数列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差数列geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometricfunction三角函数unit单位,位几何GEOMETRY1.角alternateangle内错角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle对顶角centralangle圆心角interiorangle内角exteriorangle外角supplementaryangles补角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle邻角acuteangle锐角obtuseangle 钝角rightangle直角roundangle周角straightangle平角includedangle夹角2.三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角形scalenetriangle不等边三角形isoscelestriangle等腰三角形righttriangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribedtriangle内接三角形3.收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentriccircles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square 正方形，平方rectangle长方形regularpolygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straightline直线linesegment线段parallellines平行线segmentofacircle弧形5.立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangularsolid长方体regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面体circularcylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.图形的附属概念planegeometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagoreantheorem 勾股定理（毕达哥拉斯定理）congruent全等的multilateral多边的altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surfacearea表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股crosssection横截面centerofacircle圆心chord弦diameter直径radius半径anglebisector角平分线diagonal对角线化edge棱faceofasolid立体的面hypotenuse 斜边includedside夹边leg三角形的直角边median（三角形的）中线base底边，底数（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.坐标coordinatesystem坐标系rectangularcoordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complexplane复平面【关于数学专业用词的英文翻译】。
人类学著作专业术语翻译
一妻多夫词汇与专业术语above and below these altitudes（在这个上在那个下）上下这样的高度Acharya阿查里雅acknowledge paternity承认父亲/权actors’ models被调查者所表述的模式adept at local politics对当地政治事务了如指掌advantage for trading in Tibet（which is a major）这对他们前往西藏从事贸易活动极为有利androcentric男子中心主义的affairs of the village panchayat 村落“潘查雅特”的工作affect day-to-day interpersonal dynamics 使日常人际关系更加微妙、多变affinal ties婚姻关系affines通过联姻结成的亲戚，姻亲affines-siblings 姻亲—同胞agnate 父系亲属（父系亲属的远亲：祖父的兄弟的子孙和子女FFBSS and FFBSD，更远的父系亲属：有着共同祖先的、五代人或五代人以上的远亲：同氏族兄弟姐妹）父系的，同种族的，同族的；父系，同族亲属，同种族aggregate（put different amounts, pieces of information etc together to form a group or a total）all castes and classes各个种姓的阶级all primary points of discrimination最基本的差异（点）all stances（in）在所有条件中Allen艾伦alliance联姻范围analytical calculus （an）analytical tool（an）分析工具ancestor worship祖先崇拜ancestral pedigrees祖先的家谱ancestral ties with Nepalis祖先与尼泊尔人之间的关系apical ancestor远祖archetypal models for social structure社会结构愿望模式archetypal models of social structure社会结构原型模式area ethnographically unknown（an）从民族志角度来说，那里尚未被人所知arrangements of polyandry一妻多夫婚as of this date 迄今（为止）as opposed to… （与）……相对的，相对于……的as rarely happens像很少发生的那样associations联合体assume much of the responsibility for household leadership在家庭事务中已担负起重要责任avoid compromising Nyinba claims of Tibetan origins避免……做出让步Aziz阿齐兹barest outlines of Tibetan culture and social structure（the）对藏族文化和社会结构…一些最表层的外部轮廓Barkhang 巴康base（at）在基部，从根本上说，从根本上basic categories of kin relationships（the）亲属关系的基本范畴basic information掌握基础资料beliefs that…（by）相信，认为……belong in=if something belongs somewhere, that is the right place or situation for it居住BenderBennett本涅特BerknerBerreman白瑞曼Bhotiasbilateral kinship双边亲属关系bilaterality of kinship亲属关系的双边性bipartite and tripartite models of village structure两部分和三部分组成的村落结构模式Bogoslovskij波格斯洛夫斯基boiling point/freezing point/melting point沸点/冰点/熔点bone descent骨系血统bone figure骨系地位bone ones骨系相同的人bone 骨系born out of wedlock 非婚生的Brahmans婆罗门branch lineages家系分支bring a wife home娶一个妻子brother of one of their ancestors（a）作为尼巴人祖先的三兄弟中一个Buddhist doctrines of reincarnation 佛教有关轮回、转世的教义Bura布拉人by caste principles按照种姓制度by reference to 根据by similar reason出于类似的理由by this account 根据/按照这种说法Byansi布扬西人Carrasco 卡拉斯科Carter卡特Cassinelli卡西内利caste principles种姓制度category 范畴，种类，类型，类别cede priority in sexual rights to his younger brothers把性生活方面的优先权让给弟弟们center around the dual rebuilding of society 围绕（对）社会的双重重建（展开的）central plateau（the）高原腹心chains of genealogical linkage 家系链changes over time（their）历史演变Chandra钱德拉character and physical traits人的性格及体质特征characteristic of Tibetan societies藏族各地社会的共同特点characteristic themes独具特色的主题chart勾画出……的基本脉络Chetri （Chhetri）刹蒂利children not his own 不是亲生的孩子circle of clans of status comparable to their own（a）地位与本氏族相当的几个氏族circles of kin亲属关系范畴circles of relatives亲属圈citizen-landholders平民——土地所有者civic entitlements公民权clan hierarchies氏族等级制clan memberships 氏族成员身份clan member氏族成员clan names 氏族名clan sections氏族各部clanship氏族制度clan siblings同氏族兄弟姐妹（五代以上同父系/男性祖先的后代）clanspeople同氏族的人classificatory cross-cousins 分类学意义上的交错从表亲close and distant kin近亲和远亲closely articulated spheres of cultural and social life 密切关联的文化与社会生活的方方面面closest, or inner, circle of clanspeople（the）同氏族的近亲或内亲closure against the world自我封闭状态co-husbands 共妻的丈夫co-wife 共夫的妻子collateral relative 旁系亲属collective activities集体活动collectively held forest （村民）集体所有的森林common identity彼此认同/共同的身份commonalities in origins共同的出身/起源commensality 共餐?commonly trace … to…都提到……common wife（the）共同的妻子community-wide ranking systems 全社会范围内的等级系统complex arrangements and alignments of social life社会生活中种种复杂的安排和组合complementary filiation补充性亲子关系（网络）complementary filiatives ？concept of domains （the）领域概念concept of hereditary bone（The）骨质遗传观念concepts of fission and fusion in segmentary systems 局部系统的裂变与聚变概念concepts or systems linking them（the）与之关联的（把他们联系在一起的）概念或系统conceptual divisions（such）概念化的划分方式（这种）conceptual identification 概念认同（？）concerns with matters of population对人口问题的关注conjoint marriage（in a）联合式婚姻conjugal groupings夫妇群体connection or involvement （the）联系，关系consanguineal血缘的，血亲的consider its contexts了解它的来龙去脉contribute to the increasing erosion of good farmland使良田受到日益加剧的侵蚀corporate territorial groups具有共同领地意识的群体corporate-groups共同体cousin 堂兄co-wives共同的妻子create links across…把不同氏族的人联系起来cross-cousin marriage交错从表婚，姑舅表婚cross-cousins交表婚（父母异性兄弟姐妹的子女间的关系：父亲姐妹的孩子，母亲哥弟的孩子，与兄弟姐妹及自已之间都叫做交错从表）cross-generational relationships跨代的亲属关系cross-sectional survey（a）横断面调查cross-sex links 跨性别/异性的联系/关系/结合cultivated fields耕地cultural and social entailments（the）文化与社会后果cultural borrowing 文化借入cultural themes文化主题currency of status rivalry （the）争取社会地位的货币（隐喻）cycles of domestic development 家庭发展周期理论Darchula达楚拉daughter-in-law 儿媳descend from…是……的后代descent血统descent categories血缘范畴descent constructs血统构筑物descent credentials 同血统的人相互信任，（证明信）descent groups 血缘群体，继嗣群descent rules 继嗣规则descent units血统单元descent-cum-stratum ascription 血统和地位归属determine the paternity of children produced in polyandrous unions确定一妻多夫婚中孩子的亲权关系dharma达磨differentiated by在……存在差别different subsystems of social life（the）社会生活中不同的子系统dislike of immigration（the）对外来移民感到厌恶dispense justice=decide whether or not someone is guilty of a crime and what punishment they should receive裁决、断案dispersed residence分散居住display the diversity and complexity of polyandrous arrangements 展示一妻多夫婚的多样性与复杂性distinct （clearly different）明显不同的distinct （quite）（from …）（与……）截然不同的，完全不同的distinctive style（a）独特风格diverse subsistence activities 不同的谋生活动divide up the seamless web of social life把天衣无缝的社会生活加以分割divine beings神祗divine justice 神判divine order（a）神的秩序Dolpo多尔波domestic arrangements家庭组织形式？domestic order家庭内部的秩序domestic politics家庭政治学double unilineal（双系制？）（复系继嗣nonunilineal descent）Dozam Khola valleys （the）多扎科拉河谷Dozam Khola（the）多扎科拉河dual sets of models双重模式Dullu都鲁dynamics of social structure（the）社会结构的变动each household line各个家户世系earlier years of their rule（in the）在其统治初期effect of this is（The）这实际上是Ekvall艾克瓦尔elaboration of…对……精心表述embedded culturally and socially that none would suffice（so deeply）如此深深地被嵌入尼巴人的文化与社会中，以至谁也没有能力把这两个问题解释清楚embellish upon the literary sources 对文献资料的加工、润色endogamous等级内婚（的），内婚的，（exogamous 外婚的）epiphenomena副现象establish a key parameter of… 建立…关键性参项establish a village settlement 在村里建立了自己的住宅区establish patterns for…建立了种种模式establish ritual friendships with…建立礼仪性的友好关系ethnic closure（the）族群的自我封闭ethnic group 族群Evans-Pritchard艾文思－普利查德evolution of structural relationships（the）结构关系演变exclusive control over their wives’ sexual and childbearing capacities在性生活及生育能力方面的排他性的控制exhortations for village unity（in）为了维护村民的团结一致exotic biases鄙薄异域习俗的偏见，对异域习俗的偏见exotic preoccupations感到诧异expansion of landholdings（the）耕地扩展explain these exceptions by reference to specific, historical events把这种例外情况归因于某些特定的历史事件explorations of the cultural features of kinship systems对亲属关系制度中所体现的文化特征的开拓性研究expressed models被抽取出来的模式extended family 扩大家庭extended family household 扩展型家户extended period（an）拖的时间较久（偏正词组：主谓词组）external logic外在的逻辑evolution of structural relationships（the）结构关系演变false consciousness虚假意识families家族，家庭father’s sister（the）姑母fathers siblings父方的同胞兄弟姐妹father-son links父子关系farther west and south再往西、往南/西面、南面更远一点fieldwork 田野调查filiation 亲子关系first wife（the）大老婆，原配folk theories of human attributes民间关于/流传的人类属性理论，人类属性的民间理论follow whatever best aids understanding…注重分析那些最有助于我们理解…followers of信奉form what came to be known as the Kalyal confederacy组成世人所说的卡尔亚尔联盟Fortes 福特斯founders of their clan 家系的创建人four roads of kinship四路亲属fourfold schemata四重的先验图式framework for future village structure（the）未来村落结构的框架frameworks of analysis分析框架fraternity polyandrous marriage 一妻多夫的兄弟共妻婚free subjects 自由民full citizens完全意义上的公民full civic status 完全公民身份full genealogies for lineages（世系）完整的家谱full rights and prerogatives vis-à-vis the state国家赋予的充分的权利和某些优先权fundamental social cleavage（one）一种基本的社会差异Furer-Haimendorf 福勒—海门道夫Geertz戈尔茨gender性别genealogical data家谱资料genealogical matters 家系问题general prejudice toward immigrants（the）普遍对移民者存在偏见Giddens吉顿斯god of their household line（the）家系之神Goldstein 戈尔德斯坦Goody古迪Grandmother Goddess of Prosperity and Agricultural Wealth兴旺与丰收祖母女神greater and lesser inclusiveness（of）涵盖大小不一的grounded in以……为依据的groups群体Guge 古格guiding behavior对人们的行为的引导hamlet-dispersed modes of settlement边缘小村扩散的聚落模式hamlets外围住宅区，边缘小村，隶属同一个村的小村（组，如达隆雪）have a disproportionate effect on the others对其他子系统特别大的影响作用have established patterns for alliance and kinship alignments in the present day已为当今的联姻范围及亲属关系建立了种种模式have far-reaching consequences for the country's economy对国家的经济产生深远影响have no relevance in …与……没有联系have social repercussions发挥社会作用hearth炉灶，火塘hereditary lamas世袭喇嘛hereditary rank 世袭等级hereditary social strata（such）这种世袭性社会地位Hiatt希亚特high lord of ancient lineage（a）世系久远的名门大户（ancient lineage久远的世系）higher ranking in a caste society在一个种姓制社会中（获得）较高社会地位higher-level political fields上级行政机构各部门Hindu state（in a）在一个信仰印度教的国家里Hindu-Buddhist contact zone（the）印度教与佛教的接触带Hindus of high castes 高种姓印度教徒们hold a certain precedence in marriage在婚姻生活方面拥有一定的优先权（委婉：性生活）hold knowledge about the community- wide clan system了解全社区范围内的氏族体系hold rights of ownership over their land享有对其土地的占有权Hofer霍费尔Holland霍兰德Holy霍利household gods家神household membership家户成员资格/身份household registers 户口登记资料household siblings同一户人家中的（兄弟）姐妹household system 家户制度households of married lamas喇嘛户human reproduction人类繁衍Humla district久姆拉地区Humla久姆拉地区hyper- to an excessive degree; above; over 过度; 在...上; 高於hypergamous marriage 同层婚姻，与上层或地位高的人联姻hypo- less than usual, especially too little；under; beneath 在...下; 低於; 次於hypogamous marriage 向下流动的婚姻（顺向调动—逆向调动？）顺向婚姻？ideas about substance transmissions物质遗传观念idiom 方言，土语，成语inasmuch as（=because）因为…independent principalities 独立侯国identify the uniformities in certain aspects of Tibetan life对藏族生活中某些方面的一致性加以识别（加以识别=进行识别）identify the diversity and features of regional micro-variation in others对其他方面的、地区性微小变化方面的不同与特点进行分析idiosyncratic 有特点的，有自己的特点ill-suited to agriculture不适合农作物生长的immediate descendants（the）直系后代immediate family（one's）直系亲属（父母、子女、兄弟、姐妹）impoverished villages I passed along my way沿途那些贫困、凋敝的村庄natural inference is that（The）…若依据常理推断的话，只能说……inform sth. =give (sth) its essential features; pervade 赋予（某事物）其特徵; 贯穿; 遍及: the sense of justice which informs all her writings 体现在她所有写作中的那种正义感in hunting-and-gathering societies狩猎采集社会in speaking of kin在提及“亲属”时in the district and farther afieldin this regard在这方面incest rules 禁止乱伦的规定increasing and increasingly dramatic pace of change（the）社会变革的速度越来越快Inden英顿index to sociocultural change（an）社会文化变革的索引Indian varna system印度的瓦尔纳制度individual clan names 个人的氏族名individual’s social identity 个人的社会身份idiom for a system of hierarchical clanship（the）等级氏族制的习惯用语inferiors下等人inherently suited to Tibetan behavioral forms对藏族的行为方式具有固有的适应本能institution of spirit mediumship精神中介机制（格勒翻译有误：灵媒机制-精神通灵机制）interdine 共餐，同桌吃饭intergroup behavior群际行为intergroup conflict群体间冲突intergroup relation群际关系interlocking 连锁的，互相结合的，环环相扣的（？）interrelated（be）互相交织在一起intersecting relationships multifaceted relationships which encompass both erotic, economic and hierarchical dimensions 相互交叉的关系，其中既有性爱方面的、也有经济方面的以及等级制度方面的involve包括involvement （the）联系，关系isolated societies like that of Nyinba（the most）像尼巴人那样的地处偏远的社会items almost entirely of their own manufacture 几乎完全是他们自己加工的东西its own cultural momentum本身具有的文化力量Jaschke雅什科jat加特joint family 联合家庭Kalyal confederacy（the）卡尔亚尔联盟Karnali River（the）格尔纳利河Karnali Zone（the）格尔纳利边疆区，格尔纳利一带Kasikot 卡西考特Keesing基辛Khasa喀萨Kin血亲，家人，亲戚kin terms亲属称谓kingdom of Gorkha（the）廓尔喀王国kinship（blood relationship）血缘关系，血族关系，亲属关系（不能译为“亲属制度”）kinship alignments亲属关系kinship analogies亲属之间的相似之处（增词思考：亲属—相似之处）kinship and politics亲属关系与政治kinship calculation 亲属关系计算kinship calculus （the）近亲的算法kinship commitmentskinship idioms亲属之间的有关习惯/习语kinship proximity 最近的亲属关系Kopytoff克比托夫Ladakh 拉达克landholders土地所有者larger set of ideas about mixing of substances（a）物质混合的种种思想观念larger, comparative study（a）更大范围的比较调查（范围更大的—更大范围的）lawless activitieslegal sanctions法律制裁legendary Khasa ancestry（of）喀萨是他们传说中的祖先legends of origin起源的传说legitimacy of claims to higher status 要求获得更高社会地位的合法性level of cultural models（the）文化模式的层面Levine列文life-long co-residence（their）终身住在一起limit men’s reproductive opportunities限制男人在生儿育女方面的机会Limi里米line of ancestry（a）世代的祖先line of males over time（a）过去男性方面的世系line of people from past to present（the）从古到今同一家系lineage segments世系（血统）的组成部分lineages家系，世系群lines of descent 血统世系lines of inheritance, succession, and descent传承、继承与血统lines that parallel descent使血统平行的线，平行线上的血统line世系lineal ancestors直系祖先lineal descendant直系子孙。
数学专业词汇
Aabbreviation 简写符号；简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accuracy 准确度acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) （概率）加法定律additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic operation 代数运算alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 交错弓形altitude 高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线；分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角annum(X% per annum) 年（年利率X%）anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of symmetry 对称轴Bback substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图bias 偏差；偏倚billion 十亿binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial expression 二项式bisect 平分；等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisector 等分线；平分线boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图Ccalculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器cancel 消法；相消cancellation law 消去律capacity 容量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面category 类型；范畴central line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre 中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换chart 图；图表checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆class 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classification 分类clinometers 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面column (1)列；纵行；(2) 柱combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangent 公切commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图complement 余；补余complementary angle 余角complementary event 互补事件complementary probability 互补概率completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex root 复数根composite number 复合数；合成数compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利；复利息computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句；条件式cone 锥；圆锥（体）congruence (1)全等；(2)同余congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conjugate 共轭consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数；相邻数consequence 结论；推论consequent 条件；后项consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的；相容的constant 常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constraint 约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例contradiction 矛盾converse 逆(定理)converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理；系；推论correct to 准确至；取值至correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角；(2)对应角corresponding sides 对应边cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数；计数criterion 准则critical point 临界点cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面；横截面；截痕cube 正方体；立方；立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方；立方；三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cuboid 长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative frequency 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲cumulative frequency distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curve 曲线curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cylinder 柱；圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的Ddata 数据decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distinct solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律divide 除dividend (1)被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形dot 点double root 二重根due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北definition 定义degree (1)度；(2)次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of precision 精确度delete 删除；删去denary number 十进数denary scale 十进法denary system 十进制denominator 分母dependence (1)相关；(2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件；相依事件；从属事件dependent variable 应变量；应变数depreciation 折旧descending order 递降序descending powers of X X的降序detached coefficients 分离系数(法)deviation 偏差；变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角diagram 图；图表diameter 直径difference 差digit 数字dimension 量；量网；维(数)direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变（分）directed angle 有向角directed number 有向数direction 方向；方位discontinuous 间断(的)；非连续(的)；不连续(的) discount 折扣discount per cent 折扣百分率discrete 分立；离散discrete data 离散数据；间断数据discriminant 判别式dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证Eedge 棱；边elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率enclosure 界限end point 端点entire surd 整方根equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)extreme value 极值equidistant 等距(的)equilaeral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equivalent 等价(的)error 误差escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量Euler's formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值；预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率exponent 指数express…in terms of….. 以………表达expression 式；数式extension 外延；延长；扩张；扩充exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点Fface 面factor 因子；因式；商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解FALSE 假(的)feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat’s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形)；(2)数字finite 有限finite population 有限总体finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点flow chart 流程图foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xform 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula(formulae) 公式four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形；频率多边形frustum 平截头体function 函数function of function 复合函数；迭函数functional notation 函数记号Ggain 增益；赚；盈利gain per cent 赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项garboard 几何板geometric mean 几何平均数；等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定；已知golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示；以图样表达graphical solution 图解greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组；grouped data 分组数据；分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子Hhalf closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子；最高公因式；最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图；直方图；矩形图horizontal 水平的；水平horizontal line 横线；水平线hyperbola 双曲线hypotenuse 斜边Iidentical 全等；恒等identity 等（式）identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当；若且仅若if…., then 若….则；如果…..则illustration 例证；说明image 像点；像imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary root 虚根implication 蕴涵式；蕴含式imply 蕴涵；蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数inclination 倾角；斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusive 包含的；可兼的inconsistent 不相的(的)；不一致(的)increase 递增；增加increasing function 递增函数interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角internal bisector 内分角internal division 内分割internal point of division 内分点inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集；(2)相交；(3)交点interval 区间intuition 直观invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的；(2)不变量；不变式inverse 反的；逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数；逆函数inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例；逆比例inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分)；逆变(分) irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isosceles triangle 等腰三角形increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量independence 独立；自变independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量；独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数；未定系数indeterminate form 待定型；不定型index,indices 指数；指index notation 指数记数法inequality 不等式；不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限；无穷infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列；无穷序列infinite series 无限级数；无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小；无穷小infinity 无限(大)；无穷(大)initial point 始点；起点initial side 始边initial value 初值；始值input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的integer 整数integral index 整数指数integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值intercept 截距；截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角Jjoint variation 联变(分)；连变(分)Kknown 己知LL.H.S. 末项law 律；定律law of indices 指数律；指数定律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；最低公倍式least value 最小值lemma 引理length 长(度)letter 文字；字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limit 极限line 线；行line of best-fit 最佳拟合line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直；最大斜率line of intersection 交线line segment 线段linear 线性；一次linear equation 线性方程；一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程；二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式；线性不等式linear programming 线性规划literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论；逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loss 赔本；亏蚀loss per cent 赔率；亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍Mmagnitude 量；数量；长度；大小major arc 优弧；大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形；大扇形major segment 优弓形；大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数；对数的定值部many-sided figure 多边形marked price 标价mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值)；平均数；中数mean deviation 中均差；平均偏差measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度median (1)中位数；(2)中线meet 相交；相遇mensuration 计量；求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of substitution 代换法；换元法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值minor (1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minor arc 劣弧；小弧minor axis 短轴minor sector 劣扇形；小扇形minor segment 劣弓形；小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型monomial 单项式multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative property 可乘性multiplier 乘数；乘式multiply 乘mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直Nn factorial n阶乘n th root n次根；n次方根natural number 自然数negative 负negative angle 负角negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinear 不共线non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零normal (1)垂直的；正交的；法线的(2)正态的(3)正常的；正规的normal curve 正态分记伲怀１分记伲徽媲伲徽忧?normal distribution 正态分布，常态分布normal form 法线式notation 记法；记号number 数number line 数线number pair 数偶number pattern 数型number plane 数平面number system 数系numeral 数字；数码numeral system 记数系统numerator 分子numerical 数值的；数字的numerical expression 数字式numerical method 计算方法；数值法Ooblique 斜的oblique cone 斜圆锥oblique triangle 斜三角形obtuse angle 钝角obtuse-angled triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八边形octahedron 八面体odd function 奇函数odd number 奇数one-one correspondence 一一对应open interval 开区间open sentence 开句operation 运算opposite angle 对角opposite interior angle 内对角opposite side 对边optimal solution 最优解order (1)序；次序；(2)阶；级ordered pair 序偶origin 原点outcome 结果output 输出overlap 交迭；相交Pparabola 拋物线parallel 平行(的)parallel lines 平行(直线) parallelogram 平行四边形parameter 参数；参变量partial fraction 部分分数；分项分式polar coordinate system 极坐标系统polar coordinates 极坐标pole 极polygon 多边形polyhedron 多面体polynomial 多项式polynomial equation 多项式方程positive 正positive index 正指数positive integer 正整数positive number 正数power (1)幂；乘方；(2)功率；(3)检定力precise 精密precision 精确度prime 素prime factor 质因子；质因素prime number 素数；质数primitive (1)本原的；原始的；(2)原函数principal (1)主要的；(2)本金prism 梭柱(体)；角柱(体)prismoid 平截防庾短?probability 概率problem 应用题produce 延长product 乘积；积product rule 积法则profit 盈利profit per cent 盈利百分率profits tax 利得税progression 级数proof 证(题)；证明proper fraction 真分数property 性质property tax 物业税proportion 比例proportional 成比例protractor 量角器pyramid 棱锥(体)；角锥(体) Pythagoras’ Theorem 勾股定理Pythagorean triplet 毕氏三元数组partial sum 部分和partial variation 部分变(分) particular solution 特解Pascal’s triangle 帕斯卡斯三角形pattern 模型；规律pegboard 有孔版pentadecagon 十五边形pentagon 五边形per cent 百分率percentage 百分法；百分数percentage decrease 百分减少percentage error 百分误差percentage increase 百分增加percentile 百分位数perfect number 完全数perfect square 完全平方perimeter 周长；周界period 周期periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列perpendicular 垂线；垂直(于) perpendicular bisector 垂直平分线；中垂线perpendicular line 垂直线pictogram 象形图pie chart 饼图；圆瓣图pinboard 钉板place holder 补位数字place value 位值plan (1)平面图；(2)计划plane 平面plane figure 平面图形plot 绘图plus 加point 点point circle 点圆point of contact 切点point of division 分点point of intersection 交点point-slope form 点斜式polar axis 极轴polar coordinate plane 极坐标平面polar coordinate 极坐标系统Qquadrant 象限quadratic equation 二次方程(式) quadratic formula 二次公式quadratic function 二次函数quadratic inequality 二次不等式quadratic polynomial 四边形quantity 数量quartile 四分位数quotient 商；商式RR.H.S 右radian 弧度radian measure 弧度法radical 根式；根号；根数radius, radii 半径random 随机random experiment 随机试验random number 随机数range 值域；区域；范围；极差；分布域rate 率；利率ratio 比; 比率rational expression 有理式；有理数式rational function 有理函数rational index 有理数指数rational number 有理数rationalization 有理化raw data 原始数据raw score 原始分（数）real axis 实轴real number 实数real root 实根reason 理由reciprocal 倒数rectangle 长方形；矩形rectangular block 长方体rectangular coordinate plane 直角坐标平面rectangular coordinates 直角坐rectilinear figure 直线图形recurrent 循环的recurring decimal 循环小数reduce 简化reducible 可约的；可化简的reference angle 参考角reflex angle 优角；反角region 区域regular 正；规则regular polygon 正多边形reject 舍去；否定relation 关系；关系式relative error 相对误差remainder 余数；余式；剩余remainder term 余项remainder theorem 余式定理removal of brackets 撤括号；去括号repeated trials 重复试验resolve 分解revolution 旋转；周转rhombus 菱形right angle 直角right circular cone 直立圆锥（体）right circular cylinder 直立圆柱（体）right prism 直立棱柱；直立角柱(体) right pyramid 直立棱锥；直立角锥(体) right-angled triangle 直角二角形root 根rotation 旋转round angle 周角rounded number 舍数rounding(off) 舍入；四舍五入row 行；棋行rule 规则；法(则)ruler 直尺Ssalaries tax 俸税sample 抽样；样本sample space 样本空间satisfy 满足；适合scale 比例尺；标度；图尺scalene triangle 不等边三角形；不规则三角形scientific notation 科学记数法solution of triangle 三角形解法solve 解special angle 特殊角；特别角speed 速率sphere 球形；球面square (1)平方；(2)正方形square bracket 方括号square number 正方形数；平方数square root 平方根；二次根standard deviation 标准差；标准偏离secant 割second 秒second quartile 第二四分位数(1)截面；截线；(2)截点section (1)截面；截线；(2)截点section formula 截点公式sector 扇式segment 段；节segment of a circle 弓形selling price 售价semi-circle 半圆semi-vertical angle 半顶角sentence 句；语句sequence 序列series 级数set square 三角尺；三角板shaded portion 有阴影部分shape 形状side 边；侧sign 符号；记号signed number 有符号数significant figure 有效数字similar 相似similar figures 相似图形similar triangles 相似三角形similarity 相似(性)simple equation 简易方程simple interest 单利；单利息simplify 简化simultaneous equations 联立方程simultaneous inequalities 联立不等式simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns 联合二次线性方程式sine 正弦sine formula 正弦公式slant edge 斜棱slant height 斜高slope 斜率；斜度；倾斜；坡度slope-intercept form 斜率截距式；斜截式solid 立体；固体soild with uniform corss-section 有均匀横切面的立体solution 解；解法solution of equation 方程解Uuniform 一致(的)；均匀(的) uniform cross-section 均匀横切面uniform speed 匀速率uniformly distributed 均匀分布unique solution 唯一解uniqueness 唯一性unit 单位unit area 单位面积unit circle 单位圆unit volume 单位体积unknown 未知数；未知量unlike 异类项upper bound 上界upper limit 上限upper quartile 上四分位数Vvalue 值variable 变项；变量；元；变元；变数variable speed 可变速率variance 方差variation 变数；变分verify 证明；验证vertex, vertices 顶(点)；极点vertical 铅垂；垂直vertical angle 顶角vertical line 纵线；铅垂vertically opposite angles 对顶角volume 体积Wweight (1)重量；(2)权weighted average, weighted mean 加权平均数whole number 整数；完整数width 阔度without loss of generality 不失一般性Xx-axis x轴x-coordinate x坐标x-intercept x轴截距Yy-axis y轴y-coordinate y坐标y-intercept y轴截距Zzero 零zero factor 零因子zeros of a function 函数零。
数学英语名词
数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth powern次方the power of n, the nth power 开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量constant变量variable坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede（方程的）解solution几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle 周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle 等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width周长perimeter面积area相似similar全等congruent三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant补充：集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron 十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE) 外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE) 旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE) 垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE),barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram代数ALGEBRA1. 数论natural number 自然数positive number 正数negative number 负数odd integer, oddnumber 奇数even integer, even number 偶数integer, whole number 整数positivewhole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数realnumber, rational number 实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse 倒数compositenumber 合数e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15… prime number 质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal 倒数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(minimum) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子ordinary scale, decimalscale 十进制nonnegative 非负的tens 十位units 个位mode 众数mean平均数median中值commonratio 公比2. 基本数学概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值weighted average 加权平均值geometric mean 几何平均数exponent指数，幂base 乘幂的底数,底边cube 立方数，立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm常用对数digit 数字constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementaryfunction 余函数linear 一次的，线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 round off 四舍五入数学3. 基本运算add，plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除dividend 被除数，红利divisor 因子，除数，公约数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号round to 四舍五入to the nearest 四舍五入4. 代数式，方程，不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程，等价方程linear equation 线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5. 分数，小数proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数mixed number 带分数vulgarfraction，common fraction 普通分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数numerator 分子denominator 分母(least) common denominator （最小）公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenths unit 十分位6. 集合union 并集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列8. 其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆) 顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数directproportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计，近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位几何GEOMETRY1. 角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplementary angles 补角complementaryangle 余角adjacent angle 邻角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角2. 三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形right triangle 直角三角形oblique 斜三角形inscribed triangle 内接三角形3. 收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形polygon 多边形parallelogram 平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane 平面square 正方形，平方rectangle 长方形regular polygon 正多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4. 其它平面图形arc 弧line, straight line 直线line segment 线段parallel lines 平行线segment of acircle 弧形5. 立体图形cube 立方体，立方数rectangular solid 长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone 圆锥sphere 球体solid 立体的6. 图形的附属概念plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect 平分circumscribe 外切inscribe内切intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理（毕达哥拉斯定理）congruent全等的multilateral 多边的altitude 高depth 深度side 边长circumference, perimeter周长radian 弧度surface area 表面积volume 体积arm 直角三角形的股cross section 横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径angle bisector 角平分线diagonal 对角线化edge 棱face of a solid 立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side 夹边leg三角形的直角边median（三角形的）中线base 底边，底数（e.g. 2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. 坐标coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点abscissa 横坐标ordinate 纵坐标 number line 数轴quadrant 象限 slope 斜率 complex plane 复平面。
六年级英语分数比较单选60题
六年级英语分数比较单选60题1. Which is larger, 3/4 or 5/6?Answer: 5/6 is larger. To compare fractions, we need to find a common denominator. The common denominator of 4 and 6 is 12. 3/4 = 9/12 and 5/6 = 10/12. Since 10/12 > 9/12, 5/6 is larger.2. Is 7/8 greater than 9/10?Answer: No, 9/10 is greater. The common denominator of 8 and 10 is 40. 7/8 = 35/40 and 9/10 = 36/40. As 36/40 > 35/40, 9/10 is greater.3. Compare 4/5 and 7/9.Answer: 4/5 is greater. The common denominator is 45. 4/5 = 36/45 and 7/9 = 35/45. Because 36/45 > 35/45, 4/5 is larger.4. Which fraction is smaller, 5/7 or 6/8?Answer: 5/7 is smaller. The common denominator is 56. 5/7 = 40/56 and 6/8 = 42/56. Since 40/56 < 42/56, 5/7 is smaller.5. Is 3/4 less than 8/10?Answer: Yes, 3/4 is less. The common denominator is 20. 3/4 = 15/20 and 8/10 = 16/20. As 15/20 < 16/20, 3/4 is less.6. Which is larger, 3/5 or 4/5?Answer: 4/5 is larger. Because they have the same denominator, and the numerator of 4/5 is larger than that of 3/5.7. Compare 2/7 and 5/7.Answer: 5/7 is larger. Since they have the same denominator and 5 isgreater than 2.8. Which is smaller, 6/9 or 7/9?Answer: 6/9 is smaller. As they share the same denominator and 6 is less than 7.9. Between 1/4 and 3/4, which one is greater?Answer: 3/4 is greater. Because when the denominator is the same, a larger numerator indicates a larger fraction.10. Choose the larger fraction between 4/11 and 7/11.Answer: 7/11 is larger. With the same denominator, the fraction with the larger numerator is greater.11. Which is larger, 3/5 or 2/3?Answer: 2/3 is larger. To compare, we need to find a common denominator. The common denominator of 5 and 3 is 15. 3/5 = 9/15 and 2/3 = 10/15. Since 10/15 is greater than 9/15, 2/3 is larger.12. Compare 5/8 and 3/4.Answer: 3/4 is larger. The common denominator of 8 and 4 is 8. 3/4 = 6/8. 6/8 is greater than 5/8, so 3/4 is larger.13. Which fraction is greater, 2/7 or 3/10?Answer: To compare, we find the common denominator, which is 70. 2/7 = 20/70 and 3/10 = 21/70. So, 3/10 is greater.14. Is 4/9 greater than 3/7?Answer: No. The common denominator of 9 and 7 is 63. 4/9 = 28/63and 3/7 = 27/63. So, 4/9 is not greater than 3/7.15. Compare 7/12 and 5/9.Answer: The common denominator is 36. 7/12 = 21/36 and 5/9 = 20/36. Therefore, 7/12 is larger.16. Which is larger, 1/2 or 3/4?Answer: 3/4 is larger. Because 1/2 = 2/4 and 2/4 < 3/4.17. Is 2/3 greater than 1/3?Answer: Yes, 2/3 is greater than 1/3. The denominator is the same, and the numerator of 2/3 is larger.18. Compare 3/5 and 2. Which is bigger?Answer: 2 is bigger. 3/5 is less than 1 and 2 is greater than 1.19. Which is smaller, 4/7 or 5/7?Answer: 4/7 is smaller. They have the same denominator, and 4 < 5.20. Is 1/4 less than 1?Answer: Yes, 1/4 is less than 1. 1/4 is a fraction less than one whole.21. Tom ate 2/5 of a pizza and Jerry ate 3/7 of the same pizza. Who ate more?Answer: Jerry ate more. 3/7 is greater than 2/5. We can convert them to have the same denominator. 2/5 = 14/35 and 3/7 = 15/35. So, 15/35 (3/7) is greater than 14/35 (2/5).22. In a class, 1/3 of the students like math and 2/5 of the students like science. Which subject is liked by more students?Answer: More students like science. 2/5 is greater than 1/3. When we convert them to have the same denominator, 1/3 = 5/15 and 2/5 = 6/15. So, 6/15 (2/5) is greater than 5/15 (1/3).23. Mary spent 3/8 of her money on a dress and 1/4 on a book. Did she spend more on the dress or the book?Answer: Mary spent more on the dress. 3/8 is greater than 1/4. 1/4 = 2/8 and 3/8 is greater than 2/8.24. There are 2/9 red apples and 3/7 green apples in a basket. Are there more red apples or green apples?Answer: There are more green apples. 3/7 is greater than 2/9. Converting them to have the same denominator, 2/9 = 14/63 and 3/7 = 27/63. So, 27/63 (3/7) is greater than 14/63 (2/9).25. John ran 4/7 of a mile and Mike ran 5/9 of a mile. Who ran a longer distance?Answer: Mike ran a longer distance. 5/9 is greater than 4/7. By converting, 4/7 = 36/63 and 5/9 = 35/63. So, 36/63 (4/7) is greater than 35/63 (5/9).26. Which is larger, 2/3 or 3/5?Answer: To compare 2/3 and 3/5, we need to find a common denominator. The common denominator of 3 and 5 is 15. 2/3 = 10/15 and 3/5 = 9/15. So, 2/3 is larger. The answer is 2/3.27. Compare 5/8 and 7/12.Answer: The common denominator of 8 and 12 is 24. 5/8 = 15/24 and 7/12 = 14/24. Since 15/24 > 14/24, 5/8 is larger. The answer is 5/8.28. Which fraction is smaller, 3/4 or 5/6?Answer: We make the denominators the same. The common denominator of 4 and 6 is 12. 3/4 = 9/12 and 5/6 = 10/12. So, 3/4 is smaller. The answer is 3/4.29. Is 7/9 greater than 8/11?Answer: Find the common denominator. It is 99. 7/9 = 77/99 and 8/11 = 72/99. Since 77/99 > 72/99, 7/9 is greater. The answer is yes.30. Choose the larger fraction: 4/7 or 5/9Answer: The common denominator of 7 and 9 is 63. 4/7 = 36/63 and 5/9 = 35/63. So, 4/7 is larger. The answer is 4/7.31. Which is greater, 3/5 or 2/3?A. 3/5B. 2/3C. They are equalD. Can't compareAnswer: B. 2/3 is greater than 3/5. To compare, we need to find a common denominator. The common denominator of 5 and 3 is 15. 3/5 = 9/15 and 2/3 = 10/15. So, 2/3 is greater.32. Which fraction is smaller, 5/8 or 7/12?A. 5/8B. 7/12C. They are equalD. Can't compareAnswer: B. 7/12 is smaller than 5/8. To compare, we find the common denominator which is 24. 5/8 = 15/24 and 7/12 = 14/24. So, 7/12 is smaller.33. Compare 2/7 and 3/10.A. 2/7 > 3/10B. 2/7 < 3/10C. 2/7 = 3/10D. Can't compareAnswer: B. 2/7 is less than 3/10. The common denominator is 70. 2/7 = 20/70 and 3/10 = 21/70. So, 2/7 < 3/10.34. Which is larger, 4/9 or 5/12?A. 4/9B. 5/12C. They are equalD. Can't compareAnswer: A. 4/9 is larger than 5/12. The common denominator is 36. 4/9 = 16/36 and 5/12 = 15/36. So, 4/9 > 5/12.35. Compare 1/3 and 3/8.A. 1/3 > 3/8B. 1/3 < 3/8C. 1/3 = 3/8D. Can't compareAnswer: B. 1/3 is less than 3/8. The common denominator is 24. 1/3 = 8/24 and 3/8 = 9/24. So, 1/3 < 3/8.36. Which is larger, 3/5 or 4/7?Answer: To compare, we find the common denominator. The common denominator of 5 and 7 is 35. 3/5 = 21/35 and 4/7 = 20/35. So, 3/5 is larger. .37. Compare 7/9 and 5/6.Answer: The common denominator of 9 and 6 is 18. 7/9 = 14/18 and 5/6 = 15/18. Thus, 5/6 is larger. .38. Which fraction is greater, 2/3 or 5/8?Answer: Make the denominators the same. 2/3 = 16/24 and 5/8 = 15/24. So, 2/3 is larger. .39. Is 9/11 greater than 7/9?Answer: The common denominator for 11 and 9 is 99. 9/11 = 81/99 and 7/9 = 77/99. Therefore, 9/11 is larger. .40. Compare 11/13 and 13/15.Answer: The common denominator is 195. 11/13 = 165/195 and 13/15 = 169/195. So, 13/15 is larger. .41. Which is larger, 3/5 or 2/3?A. 3/5B. 2/3C. They are equalD. Can't compareAnswer: B. 2/3 is larger than 3/5. To compare, we need to find a common denominator. The common denominator of 5 and 3 is 15. 3/5 = 9/15 and 2/3 = 10/15. So, 2/3 is larger.42. Compare 7/8 and 5/6.A. 7/8 > 5/6B. 7/8 < 5/6C. 7/8 = 5/6D. None of the aboveAnswer: A. To compare, we find the common denominator which is 24. 7/8 = 21/24 and 5/6 = 20/24. So, 7/8 > 5/6.43. Which fraction is smaller, 4/7 or 3/5?A. 4/7B. 3/5C. They are the sameD. Can't be determinedAnswer: B. To compare, we find the common denominator which is 35. 4/7 = 20/35 and 3/5 = 21/35. So, 4/7 is smaller.44. Compare 2/9 and 1/5.A. 2/9 > 1/5B. 2/9 < 1/5C. 2/9 = 1/5D. Can't tellAnswer: A. The common denominator is 45. 2/9 = 10/45 and 1/5 = 9/45. So, 2/9 > 1/5.45. Which is greater, 5/11 or 4/9?A. 5/11B. 4/9C. They are equalD. Can't compareAnswer: A. The common denominator is 99. 5/11 = 45/99 and 4/9 = 44/99. So, 5/11 is greater.46. Which is larger, 1/2 + 1/3 or 3/5?Answer: 1/2 + 1/3 = 5/6. 5/6 > 3/5. So the answer is 1/2 + 1/3.47. If 1/4 of a number is 5, what is the number?Answer: Let the number be x. 1/4 * x = 5. So x = 20.48. Calculate: 2/3 - 1/6Answer: 2/3 - 1/6 = 4/6 - 1/6 = 3/6 = 1/2.49. What is the result of (1/5 + 1/10) * 2?Answer: 1/5 + 1/10 = 3/10. 3/10 * 2 = 3/5.50. If 2/5 of a cake is eaten, and 1/3 of the remaining cake is given away, what fraction of the cake is left?Answer: Remaining cake = 1 - 2/5 = 3/5. Given away = 1/3 * 3/5 =1/5. Left = 3/5 - 1/5 = 2/5.51. Look at the graph. If the blue part represents 1/4 and the red part represents 1/3, which part is larger?A. The blue partB. The red partC. They are the sameD. Can't tellAnswer: B. The red part is larger because 1/3 is greater than 1/4.52. In the following graph, the green part shows 2/5 and the yellow part shows 3/5. Which statement is correct?A. The green part is largerB. The yellow part is largerC. They are equalD. Not sureAnswer: B. The yellow part is larger as 3/5 is more than 2/5.53. Observe the picture. If the pink area represents 1/2 and the purple area represents 3/4, which area is smaller?A. The pink areaB. The purple areaC. They are the same sizeD. Impossible to compareAnswer: A. The pink area is smaller since 1/2 is less than 3/4.54. Look at the chart. If the orange portion is 3/8 and the black portion is 5/8, which one is greater?A. The orange portionB. The black portionC. They have the same sizeD. Can't determineAnswer: B. The black portion is greater because 5/8 is larger than 3/8.55. In this graph, the white part indicates 2/3 and the gray partindicates 1/3. Which part is larger?A. The white partB. The gray partC. They are equalD. Can't sayAnswer: A. The white part is larger as 2/3 is more than 1/3.56. Which is greater, 1/3 or 1/4?A. 1/3B. 1/4Answer: A. 1/3 is greater than 1/4 because when the same whole is divided into smaller parts (more parts like 4 in 1/4), each part is smaller. So, 1/3 is larger.57. Compare 2/5 and 3/5.A. 2/5 > 3/5B. 2/5 < 3/5Answer: B. 3/5 is greater than 2/5 as they have the same denominator, and the numerator of 3/5 is larger.58. Which fraction is smaller, 5/8 or 7/8?A. 5/8B. 7/8Answer: A. 5/8 is smaller than 7/8 because when the denominator is the same, the fraction with the smaller numerator is smaller.59. Is 3/7 less than 4/7?A. YesB. NoAnswer: A. Yes, 3/7 is less than 4/7 as they have the same denominator and 3 is less than 4.60. Compare 1/6 and 1/7.A. 1/6 > 1/7B. 1/6 < 1/7Answer: A. 1/6 is greater than 1/7. When the numerators are the same, the fraction with the smaller denominator is larger.。
分数英文作文高考
分数英文作文高考1. What are fractions?Fractions are a way of representing a part of a whole. They consist of a numerator (the top number) and a denominator (the bottom number). The numerator represents how many parts of the whole are being considered, while the denominator represents how many equal parts the whole is divided into.2. How do you add fractions?To add fractions, you need to find a common denominator. This is the smallest number that both denominators candivide into evenly. Once you have a common denominator, you can add the numerators together and keep the denominatorthe same. Finally, you simplify the fraction if possible.3. How do you subtract fractions?Subtracting fractions is similar to adding fractions. You also need to find a common denominator. Once you have a common denominator, you can subtract the numerators andkeep the denominator the same. Finally, you simplify the fraction if possible.4. How do you multiply fractions?To multiply fractions, you simply multiply the numerators together and the denominators together. Then,you simplify the fraction if possible.5. How do you divide fractions?Dividing fractions is similar to multiplying fractions. You need to invert the second fraction (flip it upside down) and then multiply the two fractions together. Finally, you simplify the fraction if possible.。
将单个分式转化为相减式的方法
将单个分式转化为相减式的方法英文回答：To convert a single fraction into a difference of fractions, we can use the concept of finding a common denominator. The common denominator is a number that both denominators can divide into evenly. By finding a common denominator, we can rewrite the single fraction as a difference of fractions with the same denominator.Let's take an example to illustrate this. Suppose we have the fraction 3/4. To convert this into a difference of fractions, we need to find a common denominator. In this case, we can choose 4 as the common denominator since it is already the denominator of the fraction. We can write 3/4 as (3/4) 0, where 0 is a fraction with the same denominator but a numerator of 0.Now, let's consider another example with different denominators. Suppose we have the fraction 1/3. To convertthis into a difference of fractions, we need to find a common denominator. In this case, we can choose 6 as the common denominator since both 3 and 6 can divide into evenly. We can write 1/3 as (2/6) (1/6), where 2/6 and 1/6 have the same denominator but different numerators.In summary, to convert a single fraction into a difference of fractions, we need to find a common denominator and express the single fraction as a difference between fractions with the same denominator.中文回答：将单个分式转化为相减式的方法是通过寻找公共分母来实现的。
Common Denominator文本歌词
Justin Bieber - Common Denominator Just a fraction of your loveIt fills the airAnd I fall in love with youAll over againOohYou re the light that faced the sunIn my worldI d face a thousand years of painFor my girlOut of all the things in lifeThat I could fearThe only thing that would hurt meIs if you weren t hereWoahI don t want to go backTo just being one half of the equation You understand what I m sayinGirl with out you I m lostCan t face this focus at heart Between me and loveYou re the common denominatoroh, oh, ohh, ohYou re the common denominator oh, oh, ohh, ohBefore your love was lowNow you re just my heightWe chase the game that would put My cot in the side, ayeBroken heart rise up to sayLove is aliveYou and I would standTo be multiplied, yeahOut of all the things in lifeThat I could fearThe only thing that would hurt meIs if you weren t here --YeahI don t want to go backTo just being one half of the equation You understand what I m sayinGirl with out you I m lostCan t face this focus at heart Between me and loveYou re the common denominator oh, oh, ohh, ohYou re the common denominator oh, oh, ohh, ohI m never ever notWithout your touchEvery kiss that you giveIt gives me heartAnd to all the heart it canJealous females hate itI ma hold it down for youFor you, woah, oh woahCommon denominatorOh, yeah, woahhI don t wanna to go backI don t want to go backTo just being one half of the equation You understand what I m sayinGirl with out you I m lostCan t face this focus at heart Between me and loveYou re the common denominatoroh, oh, ohh, ohYou re the common denominator oh, oh, ohh, ohJust a fraction of your lovefills the airAnd I d fall in love with youall over again。
分子相同而分母不相同的最简单算法
分子相同而分母不相同的最简单算法The simplest algorithm for fractions with the same numerator but different denominators involves finding the least common denominator (LCD) of the two denominators. This LCD serves as a common denominator for both fractions, allowing them to be easily compared or combined.对于分子相同而分母不同的分数，最简单的算法是找到这两个分母的最小公倍数（LCD）。
这个最小公倍数可以作为两个分数的公共分母，从而方便地进行比较或合并。
To calculate the LCD, you can factor each denominator into its prime factors and then multiply all unique prime factors together, ensuring that each prime factor appears in the product as many times as it appears in the highest power in any of the denominators.要计算最小公倍数，可以将每个分母分解为质因数，然后将所有不同的质因数相乘，确保每个质因数在乘积中出现的次数与它在任何分母中的最高次幂中出现的次数相同。
Once you have the LCD, you can convert each fraction to have this common denominator by multiplying both the numerator and denominator of each fraction by the appropriate factor. This factor is determined by dividing the LCD by the original denominator of each fraction.一旦你得到了最小公倍数，就可以通过将每个分数的分子和分母都乘以适当的因子，将它们转换为具有这个公共分母的形式。
KTV必唱的英文歌曲
KTV必唱的英文歌曲在KTV很多人都希望自己可以一展歌喉，于是有的人会选择英文歌曲，那么有哪些英文歌曲是必唱的呢?下面就让店铺给大家介绍一下KTV必唱的英文歌曲吧!KTV必唱的英文歌曲推荐1.乡间小路带我回家2.Moonlight Shadow3.Stressed Out4.A Demon s Fate5.The Heart Wants What It Wants6.heartbeats7.加州旅馆(非现场版)8.年的第一场雪9.赋格曲10.歌剧11.非诚勿扰嘉宾入场音乐很嗨哦不好听你不要听12.You Are Not Alone完整版13.children14.Prayer15.Almost Lover16.Already Gone17.碟中谍经典音乐18.What Makes You Beautiful19.Out Of The Woods20.peerlessKTV必唱的英文歌曲介绍1.Take Me Home, Country Roads2.Moves Like Jagger3.Give Thanks To Allah4.Sitting Down Here5.草原蒙古人家6.Part Of Me7.Live Like You are Dying8.We Will Rock You9.Someone Like You10.野蜂飞舞11.Everybody Hurts12.Alice 艾薇儿新歌(爱丽丝梦游奇境)主题曲13.Riptide(Live)14.史上最最安静的歌曲(心灵的声音)15.Call You Tonight16.moonlight shadow(原唱版)17.Long Long Way to Go18.嗨朱迪19.很好听的一首英文歌感觉时光倒流20.All About That BassKTV必唱的英文歌曲精选1.Cross Every River2.Because3.WakaWaka 南非世界杯主题曲西语版4.Tik Tokmon Denominator (正式版本)6.forever and always7.轻松舒服的英伦调调gotta have you8.雷迪嘎嘎成名歌9.Painkiller10.Sutter s Mill。
denominator词根
denominator词根
（原创实用版）
目录
1.denominator 的词根含义
2.denominator 的词源发展
3.denominator 在数学和语言学中的应用
正文
【1】denominator 的词根含义
denominator 这个词，源于拉丁语“denominare”，意为“命名”或“指定”。
在数学中，denominator 通常用于表示分数中的下标，即分母。
它决定了分数的单位，因此在代数学和微积分等数学领域中具有重要作用。
【2】denominator 的词源发展
denominator 这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语。
在拉丁语中，“denominare”意味着“命名”或“指定”。
在中世纪，该词进入了英语，并演变成“denominator”。
最初，这个词在英语中表示“名称给予者”或“指定者”，后来逐渐演变为现代数学中的含义，即分母。
【3】denominator 在数学和语言学中的应用
在数学领域，denominator 是分数的一个重要组成部分，用于表示分数的单位。
在代数学和微积分等领域中，denominator 对于运算和化简具有重要作用。
此外，denominator 还在语言学中具有一定意义。
在语言学中，研究者们会将语言的各个方面（如音位、词汇、语法等）进行分类和命名，这也可以看作是一种“denominator”的应用。
综上所述，denominator 这个词源于拉丁语，最初的含义是“命名”或“指定”。
在数学领域中，denominator 是分母的意思，对于分数的运
算和化简具有重要作用。
全球可持续旅游目的地标准globalsustainabletourismcouncil
全球可持续旅游目的地标准Global Sustainable Tourism Destination Criteria序言可持续旅游正在兴起：旅游者的需求在不断增长，旅游经营者在开发新的绿色产品，各国政府以及国际机构在制定新的政策以鼓励可持续旅游实践。
然而，"可持续旅游"的真正含义是什么？从获得旅游者信任、促进旅游业繁荣、带动社区发展以及避免乱贴"可持续旅游"标签的角度出发，我们该寻求怎样的一种可信的界定方法与正确的评价依据呢？对旅游目的地而言，全球可持续旅游标准是对"可持续"达成共识的结果。
对于任何致力于实现可持续旅游的管理组织来说，这些标准都应当成为其力求达到的最低标准。
为实现可持续旅游，目的地应采取跨学科的、综合性的方法来实现以下四个目标：㈠目的地可持续的营运表现；㈡当地社区的社会与经济效益最大化、负面影响最小化；㈢游客体验、文化传承以及遗产保护效益最大化、负面影响最小化；㈣环境效益最大化、负面影响最小化。
上述标准适用于各种不同类型与规模的旅游目的地。
全球可持续旅游标准是旅游业界响应联合国（UN）应对全球性挑战所作出的"千年发展目标"（MDG）的一部分，重在解决扶贫、性别平等以及包括气候变化在内的环境可持续发展等系列跨领域的问题。
全球可持续旅游标准与指标是在已经被国际社会公认的标准与方法的基础上制定的，主要包括：联合国世界旅游组织（UNWTO）针对旅游目的地制定的指标、全球可持续旅游委员会（GSTC）针对酒店业与旅行商制定的标准以及其它被广泛认可的原则、准则、认证标准与指标。
它们反映了来自不同文化与地缘政治的世界各地旅游业与其它部门适用的认证准则、指标、标准与最佳实践。
其潜在指标具有针对性、实用性、普适性。
全球可持续旅游委员会（GSTC）负责制订和实施全球可持续旅游标准。
该标准的预期用途包括以下几方面：为致力于可持续发展的旅游目的地提供基本指南；帮助消费者识别名副其实的可持续旅游目的地;成为信息媒体识别可持续旅游目的地并向公众推介的共同基准;为认证以及目的地相关项目提供参考依据，使其符合可持续旅游的基本原则与要求;为政府、非政府组织、旅游经营者提供可持续旅游发展的基本框架；作为旅游院校等机构教育培训的基本指导方针。
公地的悲剧英语名词解释
公地的悲剧英语名词解释Tragedy of the Commons: An Exploration of Common Pool ResourcesIntroduction:In our modern society, the concept of the "tragedy of the commons" has become increasingly relevant. Coined by the ecologist Garrett Hardin in 1968, this term refers to a situation where individuals, acting in their self-interest, exploit a common resource to the point of depletion or destruction. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the tragedy of the commons, its causes, consequences, and potential solutions.The Tragedy Unveiled:At its core, the tragedy of the commons reveals the conflict between individual and collective interests. Imagine a common grazing pasture shared by multiple farmers. Each farmer wants to maximize their profit, so they continue to add more livestock without considering the long-term consequences. As a result, the pasture becomes overgrazed, leading to limited resources and degradation of the land. This scenario demonstrates the inherent challenge of managing common resources.Exploring the Causes:Several factors contribute to the tragedy of the commons. Firstly, the absence of property rights or regulation leads to the depletion of resources. When a resource belongs to everyone, it essentially belongs to no one, making it difficult to establish rules and enforce responsible behavior.Additionally, the problem is exacerbated by a lack of communication and coordination among individuals who share the resource. Without effective collaboration and clear agreements, self-interested actors prioritize short-term gains, ignoring the long-term consequences.Consequences of the Tragedy:The consequences of the tragedy of the commons go beyond the depletion of resources. Over exploitation can lead to environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, and disrupted ecosystems. Moreover, it can have significant socioeconomic impacts, such as reduced livelihoods for communities dependent on common resources and increased social inequality.Solutions for Sustainable Management:Recognizing the severity of the tragedy of the commons, various strategies have been proposed to mitigate its effects and promote sustainable management of common-pool resources. One such strategy is the establishment of institutions and regulations governing resource usage. These may include community-based management systems, cooperative agreements, or government interventions to impose limits and monitor usage.Another approach involves assigning property rights to individuals or groups, creating a sense of ownership and responsibility. This allocation can be done through individual tradable quotas, where individuals are given rights to a specific portion of the resource that can be bought or sold.Education and awareness programs are also crucial to foster a sense of environmental stewardship and promote responsible behavior towards common resources. When people understand the long-term consequences of their actions, they are more likely to act in the collective interest rather than solely pursuing individual gains.Case Study: Global FisheriesGlobal fisheries provide a prime example of the tragedy of the commons. Overfishing has resulted in the decline of numerous fish populations, threatening the livelihoods of fishing communities worldwide. In response, initiatives such as the establishment of marine protected areas, the implementation of fishing quotas, and the promotion of sustainable fishing practices have been implemented to restore fish populations and ensure the long-term viability of the industry.Conclusion:The tragedy of the commons serves as a cautionary tale, reminding us of the fragility of shared resources and the importance of sustainable management. By addressing the causes, considering the consequences, and implementing appropriate solutions, we can navigate away from the tragedy and towards a more equitable and sustainable future. It is only through collective efforts and collective responsibility that we can preserve our finite and precious common-pool resources for generations to come.。
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Common Denominator
F C
Just a fraction of your love
Am G
It fills the air,
F C
And I fall in love with you,
Am
All over again,
G
Ooh,
F C
You're the light that faced the sun,
Am G
In my world,
F C
I'd face a thousand years of pain
Am G
For my girl.
F C
Out of all the things in life,
Am
That I could fear,
G
Ooh
F C
The only thing that would hurt me,
Am
Is if you weren't here,
G
Yeah
F C
I don't want to go back
Am
To just being one half of the equation
G
You understand what I'm sayin'?
F C
Girl with out you I'm lost
Am
Can't face this focus at heart
Between me and love
G F C Am
You're the common denominator, oh, oh, ohh, oh
G F C Am G
You're the common denominator, oh, yeah, woah
F C
Before your love was low
Am G
playing girls is my high, aye
_______________________________________________________
just apply the same pattern in this part of the song.
:D
We chase the game that would put
My cot in the side
Broken heart rise up to say
Love is alive
You and I would stand
To be multiplied, yeah
Out of all the things in life,
That I could fear,
Uh
The only thing that would hurt me,
Is if you weren't here,
Woah
I don't want to go back
To just being one half of the equation
You understand what I'm sayin'?
Girl with out you I'm lost
Can't face this focus at heart
Between me and love
You're the common denominator, oh, oh, ohh, oh
You're the common denominator, oh, yeah, woah
I'm never ever not,
Without your touch,
Every kiss that you give,
It gives me heart,
And to all the heart it can,
Jealous females hate it,
I'ma hold it down for you,
For you, woah, oh woah,
Common denominator,
Oh, yeah, woahh,
I don't wanna to go back,
Half of the equation, woah woah yeah,
Common denominator
Oh, oh, oh, oh,
Common denominator
Oh, yeah, woah
Just a fraction of your love fills the air
And I'd fall in love with you all over again yeah。