同位语从句讲解及练习
学案：同位语从句讲解与练习
同位语从句讲解与练习1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。
同位语从句讲解及练习含答案
同位语从句讲解与训练一、同位语的概述1. 同位语的定义：一个名词或代词后面有时可跟一名词(或其它形式)，对它作进一步的修饰,限定或说明，说明它是谁，是什么，当两个词或词组在一个句子中具有相同的语法地位而且描述相同的人或事物时，我们称它们为同位语。
同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。
2. 同位语的分类：同位语分限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性同位语和前面的词关系比较密切，之间不能停顿；非限制性同位语与前面的词关系比较疏散，常用逗号隔开。
例如：③Mickey Mouse first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.米老鼠首次出现在卡通片《威利号汽船》中。
Steamboat Willie就是cartoon的同位语，关系紧密。
④Walt Disney, an rich and successful businessman, created the famous cartoon character----Mickney Mouse. 瓦尔特迪士尼，一个富有而成功的商人，创造出了这个著名的卡通形象----米老鼠。
an rich and successful man 是主语Walt Disney的同位语，句子中有没有它，无所谓，不影响理解。
而且“瓦尔特迪士尼”是个“富有而成功的商人”，反过来，“一个富有而成功的商人”可不一定就是“瓦尔特迪士尼”。
3. 同位语的形式：(1)名词用作同位语时最多：①This is Mr．Brown，our Spanish teacher．这是我们的西班牙语老师布朗先生。
②“Leave it to me，”said Lao He，the man on night duty．值夜班的人老何说：“这事交给我。
”③You girls may take those seats over there．你们姑娘们可以坐在那边的座位上。
同位语从句重难点解析及习题
同位语从句一、同位语从句概述同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief，chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion，thought，promise等。
引导同位语从句的词有连词that，whether和副词how，when,where等。
二、同位语从句点拨（1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。
注:that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,通常不省略.如：I got the news that he would come to see methe next week。
（2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who，when ，where，how，whether（不能用if）等词来引导.如：The question who is the best for the job requiresconsideration.（3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时,为了使句子保持平衡，常把同位语从句后置。
如:An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamondring.（4）后面常跟同位语的词有:doubt,fact,hope,idea,message，news,possibility，promise，question，suggestion，truth，thought,warning,wish等。
注:advice，order，suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须用(should）+动词原形。
如：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should）be put off。
三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别（1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面,但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明,而定语从句是对该名词的修饰,说明它的性质特征.如：The fact that he presented was a strong proof.他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。
初中英语语法同位语从句讲解专项练习及答案
初中英语语法同位语从句讲解专项练习及答案一、语法讲解同位语从句是指在一个句子中，作为主句的同位语或同位语的一部分的句子。
它通常用来对同位语进行解释、说明、补充或强调。
同位语从句的引导词常见有："that"、"whether/if"和"wh-"引导的特殊疑问词。
以下是同位语从句的一些常见使用方式：1. 对名词进行解释、说明：- I have no idea what he said. (我不知道他说了什么。
)what he said. (我不知道他说了什么。
)2. 对名词进行补充、强调：- We all know that he is a hardworking student. (我们都知道他是一个勤奋的学生。
)that he is a hardworking student. (我们都知道他是一个勤奋的学生。
)- The fact remains that she is guilty. (事实仍然是她有罪。
)that she is guilty. (事实仍然是她有罪。
)3. 对名词进行特殊疑问：- Could you tell me where he lives? (你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？)where he lives? (你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？)同位语从句用来修饰名词，起到进一步解释、补充或强调的作用。
二、练题及答案请根据以下句子中的同位语，填写合适的同位语从句。
1. We are all aware of the fact ____ he is a talented musician.the fact ____ he is a talented musician.- that2. The question whether ____ to attend the party or not is up to you.whether ____ to attend the party or not is up to you.- whether/if- why4. His only hope is that ____ he can pass the exam.that ____ he can pass the exam.- that5. We have no idea what ____ happened to him after the accident.what ____ happened to him after the accident.- what6. I doubt whether ____ she will be able to finish the project on time.whether ____ she will be able to finish the project on time.- whether/if7. I am curious about the place ____ they went for vacation.the place ____ they went for vacation.- where8. It is important to know what ____ happened during the meeting.what ____ happened during the meeting.- what9. His dream is that ____ he can travel around the world.that ____ he can travel around the world.- that10. The fact remains that ____ she is innocent.that ____ she is innocent.- that三、练答案1. We are all aware of the fact that he is a talented musician.the fact that he is a talented musician.2. The question whether to attend the party or not is up toyou.whether to attend the party or not is up to you.4. His only hope is that he can pass the exam.that he can pass the exam.5. We have no idea what happened to him after the accident.what happened to him after the accident.6. I doubt whether she will be able to finish the project ontime.whether she will be able to finish the project on time.7. I am curious about the place where they went for vacation.the place where they went for vacation.8. It is important to know what happened during the meeting.what happened during the meeting.9. His dream is that he can travel around the world.that he can travel around the world.10. The fact remains that she is innocent.that she is innocent.以上是初中英语语法同位语从句的讲解及练习题及答案。
同位语从句及练习题(含答案)
同位语从句及练习题(含答案)同位语从句一、同位语从句是复合句中的一种，用来说明某些名词的具体内容。
通常跟在名词后面。
例如：1.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I heard the news that our team had won.2.我不知道你在这里。
I had no idea that you were here.二、常用作同位语从句的名词有news，idea，fact，promise，n，doubt，thought，hope，message，n，words（消息），possibility等。
例如：我从XXX那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
I’ve come from Mr。
Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.三、引导同位语从句的词有连词that。
whether，连接副词how。
when。
where等。
但if。
which不能引导同位语从句。
例如：4.我不知道他什么时候回来。
I have no idea when he will be back.5.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
XXX whether he agrees to it or not.四、同位语从句有时可以被别的词隔开，不紧跟在说明的名词后面。
例如：6.几年以后，有消息传来说XXX要亲自视察他们。
Several years later。
word XXX.7.他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
XXX to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。
例如：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.We'll discuss the problem of whether the sports meeting will be held on time.I have no n of how he went home。
高中 同位语从句详细讲解与练习(附答案)
同位语从句讲义之欧侯瑞魂创作1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不克不及来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别?that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不成省。
that替代先行词在从句中不但起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。
(完整版)高考同位语从句详解与习题
同位语一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。
同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1. 名词作同位语Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.2.短语作同位语I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.3. 直接引语作同位语But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？”4. 句子作同位语The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
同位语从句用法一、同位语从句在句中的位置1. 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
(如news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等) I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
注：在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。
高中同位语从句详细讲解与练习.doc
同位语从句讲义1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为 fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark 等，关联词多用从属连词。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词 whether 引导。
如： I have no idea whether he ’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词 who, which, what 和连接副词 where,when, why, how 亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
1．that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that 引导的同位语从句that 引导的定语从句句法功能上that 只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不可省。
that 替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。
最新同位语从句讲解及练习题3篇
同位语从句讲解及练习题3篇同位语从句讲解及练习题3篇同位语从句讲解及练习题(1)1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2．用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释：1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
同位语从句及练习题
同位语从句及练习题同位语从句是英语语法中一个重要的概念。
在句子中，同位语从句充当名词的同位语，用来对名词进行解释、说明或提供进一步的信息。
通过从句的方式，我们可以更加详细地描述主要名词所代表的事物、概念或概括性表述。
同位语从句通常由连接词“that”引导，也可以用其他连接词如“whether/if”引导。
同位语从句位于主句中的名词或名词短语后面，起到进一步解释或说明的作用。
下面是一些例子，以帮助我们更好地理解同位语从句的用法：1. My belief is that hard work pays off in the end.（我的信念是，努力工作最终会有回报。
）2. Her hope is that the weather will be good for the picnic.（她希望天气适合野餐。
）3. Our concern is whether the team will win the championship.（我们关心的是球队是否能赢得冠军。
）4. The fact that she got the promotion surprised everyone.（她得到晋升这个事实让每个人都很惊讶。
）5. His suggestion is that we should take a vacation together.（他建议我们一起去度假。
）在以上例子中，同位语从句都是由“that”引导，用来进一步说明名词的含义或提供更多的信息。
同位语从句的练习题如下：1. 请用同位语从句改写下面的句子。
The rumor is true. He is leaving the company.答案：The rumor is that he is leaving the company.2. 请用同位语从句改写下面的句子。
The hope is that they will win the game.答案：The hope is whether/if they will win the game.3. 请用同位语从句改写下面的句子。
完整版)高中-同位语从句详细讲解与练习(附答案)
完整版)高中-同位语从句详细讲解与练习(附答案)同位语从句是用作同位语的从句，通常用于解释或说明先行词。
常见的先行词有fact、news、idea、thought、n、reply、report、remark等。
连接同位语从句的从属连词多为that，有时也可以用whether。
例如：They were all very worried that you were sick。
这件事让他们都非常担心。
I have no idea whetherhe'll come or not。
我不知道他是否会来。
除了that之外，连接代词who、which、what和连接副词where、when、why、how也可以引导同位语从句。
例如：The n who should do the work requires ___。
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
___ where we are going to ___。
我们还没有决定去哪里度暑假的问题。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于，同位语从句只起连接从句的作用，没有实际意义，且不能省略连接词that。
而定语从句则起到限定作用，可以用关系代词who、which、that等引导，且连接词可以省略。
例如：The book that ___。
我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
同位语从句是指在复合句中作为同位语的从句，一般紧跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
比较常用的名词有news，idea，fact，promise，n，doubt，thought，hope，message，n，words（消息），possibility等。
例如，I heard the news that our team had won.（我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
）同位语从句的引导词包括连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
在某些名词后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，如demand。
wish。
同位语从句(含配套练习与答案)
同位语从句（配练习与答案）1. 位置：抽象名词之后，若主谓较短，而同位语从句较长，常后置。
（fact,news,,idea,truth,hope,problem,wish,promise,report,evidence,suggestion, conclusion…..）2. 关系：从句与该抽象名词为同等关系，对该词进一步说明。
3. 特点：用陈述句语序。
4. 引导词：a. “that” 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省。
b. 表“是否”时，只用“whether”不用“if”c. 疑问词有疑问的含义。
d. 表“建议”“命令”“要求”等名词后接同从，从句谓动用虚拟（should+动原）Eg: He told me the news that he had passed the exam.We’ll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.I have no idea when he will be back.The order came that we should leave at once.课后练习：1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. why3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. when4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A. whichB. thatC./D. it5. I have no idea ____ he will start.A. whenB. thatC. whatD./6. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. which7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A. whichB. whetherC. thatD. what9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A. thatB. asC. of whichD. which10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. whenKeys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA。
同位语从句讲解及练习题
同位语从句讲解及练习题同位语从句讲解及练习题一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。
例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。
二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。
（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether 引导同位语从句。
（if不能引导同位语从句）例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
高中 同位语从句详细讲解与练习(附答案)
同位语从句讲义之巴公井开创作1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不克不及来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别?that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不成省。
that替代先行词在从句中不但起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。
同位语从句
三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，明确同位语从句和 相似从句的界限 同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后 面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补 充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导 词均不在从句中作成分；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征， 与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，且名词和定语从句的引导词 均在从句中作成分。 区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成 一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反 之，则为定语从句。 如：The report that he was going to resign was false. 因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺， 所以，that he was going to resign 是同位语从句。
析：答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句 子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先 行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。 应将该句区别于：
I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly. A. it B. which C. this D. that
析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意 义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位 语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加“是否” 的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等 含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back. 析：he will be back意义不完整，应加“什么时候”的含义才能表达idea 的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。 例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 析：he went home意义不完整，应加“如何”的含义才能表达impression的 全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。 4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。 如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习之马矢奏春创作同位语从句讲义及练习一、理解同位语从句的含义,掌控同位语从句的实质在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句.同位语从句一般用that, whether,what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导,常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等笼统名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容.换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明.例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们角逐获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校.析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句.二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词,准确掌控同位语从句1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句.（即that 不充任任何成份,只起连接作用,不成省略）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令.析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句.2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"是否"的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句.（if不能引导同位语从句）例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题.析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加"是否"的含义才华表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句.3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"什么时候"、"什么地址"、"什么方式"等含义,应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句.例1：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意义不完整,应加"什么时候"的含义才华表达idea的全部内容,因此应用when引导同位语从句.例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意义不完整,应加"如何"的含义才华表达impression的全部内容,因此应用how引导同位语从句.4.当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,同位语从句常后置.如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.三、掌控同位语从句和定语从句的区别,明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限同位语从句和定语从句相似,都放在某一名词或代词后面,但同位语从句分歧于定语从句.同位语从句对名词加以弥补说明,是名词全部内容的体现,且名词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成份；定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征,与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系,且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成份.区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子,如果句子通顺且符合逻辑,则为同位语从句,反之,则为定语从句.如：The report that he was going to resign was false.因为the report was that he was going to resign 句意通顺,所以,that he was going to resign 是同位语从句.例1：1）Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as析：谜底为 B.more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容,且Information不在从句中作成份,所以该句为同位语从句.应将该句区别于：2）It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities,this is the information ____ has been put forward.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. as析：谜底为B.that has been put forward为information 的修饰性定语,且information在从句中作主语,所以该句为定语从句.例2：She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A. itB. whichC. thisD. that析：谜底为B.分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成份可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为a terrible noise,且它在从句中作主语.应将该句区别于：I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that析：谜底为D.she is crying loudly是the terrible noise 的内容,且the terrible noise不在从句中作成份,所以该句为同位语从句.巩固性练习：1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A. hatB. whatC. whichD. why3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. when4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A. whichB. thatC./D. it5. I have no idea ____ he will start.A. whenB. thatC. whatD./6. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. which7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A. whichB. whetherC. thatD. what9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A. thatB. asC. of whichD. which10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. whenKeys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区另外,区别主要在以下三方面:1. 从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thoug ht,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部份或是整个主句?如:The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. (同位语从句)We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句)Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句)Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最年夜努力帮手他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)2. 从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面笼统名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴.如:The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场角逐的消息是真的?(同位语从句,弥补说明news究竟是一个什么消息?)The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,弥补说明promise究竟是一个什么诺言?)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which取代),而且作宾语时经常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充任任何成份,而且不能省略,也不能用which来取代?如:The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮另外几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成份,但不能省略?)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮手另外几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
同位语从句
一．同位语
同位语：跟在名词或代词后，与之表达同一内容；通常由名词、名词性短语等担任。
（A=B：两项所指相同）
e.g 我知道奥巴马，美国的总统。
I know Obama, the president of United States. （Obama与the president of US同一个人）我们应该从过去当中学习，它是现在的一面镜子和将来的希望。
We should learn from the past, the mirror of the present and the hope of the future.
The future belongs to you, young people. 未来是属于你们年轻人的。
(you=young people) (实质是句中两个成分相等)
二．同位语从句
1.（1）概念：由一个句子来充当同位语。
e.g 我知道这个事实，奥巴马是美国的总统。
I know the fact that Obama is the president of United States. (the fact就是指的是奥巴马是美国总统)
We should learn from the truth that the past is the mirror of the present and the hope of the future.
（2）与从句同位的名词通常为抽象名词：
fact, truth, Idea, thought, belief, hope, doubt, rumour, question, answer, reply, news, , order (有些抽象名词本身带有“疑问”的含义，如question, doubt)
2. 构成：
（------先造3个简单的句子，He is a student.(陈述句)
Is he a student?（一般疑问句）Who is a student?(特殊疑问句)
同位语从句(连词)不是与前面的抽象名词有关，连词取决于后面从句是什么样的形式；
（I know the fact he is a student. ）
（1）如果从句是陈述句，连词用that
e.g I know the fact that he is a student.
我听到了这个消息，他离开了我们。
I heard the news that he left us.
The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.
将军下达了命令战士们应该立即过河。
We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hawaii.
我们非常高兴听到这个消息，我们将在夏威夷度过我们的暑假。
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody．
他什么都没说，这个事实让大家很吃惊。
结论：that在从句中不做成分，并且没有含义
（2）如果从句是一般疑问句，连词用whether, 再把一般疑问句变陈述句语序
（I have a question is he a student.
--- I have a question whether is he a student.)
e.g I have a question whether he is a student.
He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there
.他还没有做出决定是否去那里。
I have no idea whether he will agree with us.
我不知道他是否同意我们的观点。
The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research.
会上提出了我们是否有足够的研究经费的问题。
结论：whether不做成分，含义为“是否”
（3）如果从句是特殊疑问句，直接保留特殊疑问词（who, what, when, why, where, which, how, ）当做连词，再变成陈述语序。
e.g I have a question who is a student.
I have no idea when she will come back.
我没有主意她何时回来。
His question why the sky is blue is difficult to answer.
为什么天是蓝的，他问的这个问题很难回答。
The question who should take the responsibility has never been settled.
该由谁来承担责任，这个问题根本没有解决。
(The question what you want hasn’t been answered. 你想要什么这个问题还没有回答。
)
结论：特殊疑问词充当连词，有含义，这个含义就是疑问词本身的意思。
要做成分。
3.注意：
(1) 当从句过长，可以把从句放在句子末尾，避免头重脚轻(能认出来就可以了)
e.g上个月他们离婚了这个流言散播开了。
The rumour/gossip that they got divorced last month spreads out.
=The rumour/gossip spreads out that they got divorced last month.
同位语从句练习
【句子翻译*难度题】（雅思写作话题）
(1)我相信计算机会使人们丧失想象和创造力这一事实。
(丧失：deprive sb. of sth.)
I believe the fact that computers will deprive people of imagination and creativity. (deprivation n. 剥夺、匮乏。
Sleep deprivation. (睡眠匮乏)；权利剥夺the deprivation of rights)
(2) 什么时候电子邮箱会替代书信这个问题很难回答。
（替代：take the place of）
The question when electronic mail will take the place of written letters is hard to answer. （replace, substitute (v.) substitute for）
(3) 没有人能否认我们已经进入了一个全球信息化的新时代这个事实。
(…的时代：an age/era of)
No one can deny the fact that we have entered a new era ['ɪərə/age of global information. (4) 互联网的卓越发展并没有预示着我们是否会享受一个更好的生活的答案。
The eye-dazzling development of the internet doesn’t imply the answer whether we can enjoy a better life.
卓越的outstanding, brilliant, remarkable, tremendous, eye-dazzling (dazzling adj.耀眼的).。