神经科学中英文词汇
神经科学相关中英词汇
cerebellum 小脑cortex 皮质又称“皮层”。
cerebral cortex 大脑皮质neocortex 新皮质white matter 白质gray matter 灰质frontal lobe 额叶prefrontal cortex 前额皮质premotor area 运动前区motor area 运动区Broca's area 布罗卡区temporal lobe 颞叶auditory area 听觉区auditory center 听觉中枢parietal lobe 顶叶central sulcus 中央沟occipital lobe 枕叶visual area 视觉区visual cortex 视觉皮质association area of cerebral cortex 大脑皮质联合区association fiber 联合纤维limbic system 边缘系统hippocampal formation 海马结构hippocampus 海马olfactory area 嗅觉区cingulate gyrus 扣带回amygdala 杏仁核septal area 隔区medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束olfactory tract 嗅束commissural fiber 连合纤维corpus callosum 胼胝体basal ganglia 基底神经节diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核lateral hypothalamus area, LHA 外侧下丘脑区ventromedial hypothalamus, VMH 腹内侧下丘脑pineal body 松果体pituitary gland 脑垂体pyramidal system 锥体系统extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统specific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质特异投射系统nonspecific thalamo-cortical projection system 丘脑-皮质非特异投射系统brain stem 脑干corpora quadrigemina 四叠体lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体核medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体核formatic reticularis 网状结构cochlear nucleus 耳蜗神经核dorsal root 背根nerve 神经nerve cell 神经细胞nerve fiber 神经纤维nerve degeneration 神经退变neural regeneration 神经再生autonomic nervous system, ANS 自主神经系统cranial nerve 脑神经myelin sheath 髓鞘nervi olfactory 嗅神经nervi statoacusticus 听神经又称“位听神经”。
神经科专业英语词汇
交感神经 sympathetic nerve
症状和体征 symptom and sign
面神经颧支 temporal branches of facial n.
颞筋膜 temporal fascia
小脑幕 tentorium of cerebellum
硬脊膜 spinal dura mater
脊神经 spinal nerve
健膜下间隙 subaproneurotic space
蛛网膜下腔 subarachnoid space
硬膜下的 subdural
眉弓 superciliary arch
原发性 intrinsic
颈静脉孔 jugular foramen
人字点 lambda
侧脑室 lateral ventricle
豆状核 lentiform nucleus
枕小神经 lesser occipital n.
脑叶 lobe
基底动脉 lower basilar A.
腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement
下颌神经 mandibular n.
乳突 mastoid process
上颌神经 maxillary n.
髓质 medulla
延髓 medulla oblongata
面神经 facial n.
第四脑室 fourth venticle
额结节 frontal tuber
神经节 ganglion
眉间 glaballa
胶质瘤 glioma
苍白球 globus pallidus
舌咽神经 glossopharyngeal n.
医学英语之神经系统词汇
医学英语之神经系统词汇导读：本文医学英语之神经系统词汇，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Nervous System 神经系统peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统neuron 神经元neuroglia 神经胶质nucleus 神经核tract 神经束ganglion 神经节nerve 神经spinal nerves 脊神经cervical plexus 颈丛phrenic nerve 膈神经brachial plexus 臂丛longthoracic nerve 胸长神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经axillary nerve 腋神经musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经median nerve 正中神经ulnar nerve 尺神经radial nerve 桡神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干femoral nerve 股神经obturator nerve 闭孔神经sacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经tibial nerve 胫神经common peroneal nerve 腓总神经superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经deepp eroneal nerve 腓深神经cranial nerves 脑神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经oculomotor nerve 动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve 三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经facial nerve 面神经vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经vagus nerve 迷走神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系autonomic nervous system 自主神经系vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系sympathetic nerve 交感神经parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经central nervous system 中枢神经系统spinal cord 脊髓gray matter 灰质white matter 白质substantia gelatinosa 胶状质nucleus thoracicus 胸核fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束brain （encephalon）脑brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain （mesencephalon）中脑pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核gracilis tubercule 薄束结节cuneate tubercule 楔束结节inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚fourth ventricle 第四脑室rhomboid fossa 菱形窝striae medullaris 髓纹hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角vagal trigone 迷走神经三角area postrema 最后区obex 闩medial eminence 内侧隆起facial colliculus 面丘vestibular area前庭区acoustic tubercle 听结节middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚inferior colliculus 下丘superior colliculus 上丘crus cerebri 大脑脚cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管medial lemniscus 内侧丘系spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核solitary nucleus 孤束核nucleus ambiguus 疑核pontine nuclei 脑桥核trapezoid body 斜方体lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系locus ceruleus 蓝斑substantia nigra 黑质red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构raphe nuclei 中缝核cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑metathalamus 后丘脑epithalamus 上丘脑subthalamus 底丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑opticchiasma 视交叉telencephalon （cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporal lobe 颞叶frontal lobe 额叶parietal lobe 顶叶occipital lobe 枕叶insula 岛叶limbic lobe 边缘叶corpus callosum 胼胝体central sulcus 中央沟lateral sulcus 外侧沟parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟calcarine sulcus 距状沟precentral gyrus 中央前回postcentral gyrus 中央后回angular gyrus 角回supramarginal gyrus 缘上回lingual gyrus 舌回cuneus gyrus 楔回dentate gyrus 齿状回parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回uncus （海马旁回）钩paracentral lobule 旁中央小叶cingulate gyrus 扣带回lateral ventricle 侧脑室basal nuclei 基底核caudate nucleus 尾状核lentiform nucleus 豆状核putamen 壳globus palidus 苍白球corpus striatum 纹状体fornix 穹窿internal capsule 内囊cerebral cortex 大脑皮质dura mater 硬脑膜arachnoid 蛛网膜pia mater 软脑膜basilar artery 基底动脉cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液。
神经科学专用名词
精要速览系列（影印版）Instant Notes Neuroscience神经科学……………核心词汇翻译参考手册……………………主编杜继曾陈学群浙江大学，玉泉校区，神经生物学和生理学教研室编写者陆新江，王莉，王懿，徐弘同学按章节顺序：Section A Brain cellsA1 Neuron structureNeuron 神经细胞，神经元Subcellular organelles 亚细胞器Nissl body 尼氏体神经元中的粗面内质网形成的聚合物。
Neurite 神经突Axon 轴突Dendrite 树突Mitochondria 线粒体dendritic spines 树突脊树突在神经元上分化成几百个微小投射。
axon hillock 轴丘myelin sheath 髓鞘axon collalterals 轴突分枝terminals 突触末稍varicosities 曲张体microtubules 微管cytoskeleton 细胞骨架A2 Classes and numbers of neurons Morphology 形态学Neurotranmitters 神经递质Unipolar 单极神经元仅有一个树突的神经元。
Bipolar 双极神经元Multipolar 多极神经元Pseudounipolar 假单极神经元生长出两个神经突，但随后融合Pyramidal cell 锥体细胞Purkinje cell 浦肯野氏细胞Projection neuron 投射神经元拥有长轴突的神经元Interneurons 内在神经元拥有短的轴突的神经元Afferent 传入Efferent 传出Sensory neuron 感觉神经元Motor neuron 运动神经元A3 Morphology of chemical synapses electrical synapse 电突触chemical synapse 化学突触synaptic cleft 神经间隙axodendritic synapse 轴树突触轴突与树突之间的突触axosomatic synapse 轴体突触axoaxonal synapse 轴轴突触small clear synaptic vesicles(SSVs) 小清晰突触囊泡在突触前神经元存在的储存递质的囊泡dense projections 致密突起active zone 活性区域postsynaptic density 突触致密物质large dense-core vesicles 巨大致密度中心囊泡A4 glial cells and myelinationGlial cells 胶质细胞是神经细胞的辅助细胞Astrocytes 星状细胞Oligodendrocytes 寡突细胞Schwann cells 许旺氏细胞围绕在神经细胞外的一种胶质细胞，形成髓鞘。
神经病学规范用词(英汉对照)
神经病学规范用词(英汉对照)全国自然科学名词审定委员会公布的《医学名词》，按英文字母顺序排列aabsence seizure：失神发作acalculia：失算［症］acute disseminated encephalomyelitis：急性播散性脑脊髓炎adiadochokinesia：轮替动作不能adie syndrome: 埃迪综合征adrenoleukodystrophy:肾上腺脑白质营养不良adversive seizure：旋转性发作ageusia：味觉缺失agnosia：失认［症］agraphia：失写［症］akinesia：运动不能akinetic mutism：运动不能性缄默［症］akinetic seizure：无动性发作alexander disease：亚历山大病alexia：失读［症］allochesthesia：感觉定位不能allochiria:感觉定侧不能alpers disease：阿尔珀斯病alstrom-hallgren syndrome: 阿尔斯特伦-海尔格伦综合征alternate hemiplegia：交替性瘫痪alzheimer disease：阿尔茨海默病amnesia: 遗忘［症］amusia：失乐感［症］amyotonia：肌张力缺失amyotrophic lateral sclerosis：肌萎缩侧索硬化amyotrophy：肌萎缩analgesia：痛觉缺失anarthria：构音不全anesthesia：感觉缺失anesthesia dolorosa：痛性感觉缺失ankle clonus：踝阵挛anosognosia：病感失认［症］anterior cross bulbar syndrome：延髓前交叉综合征anterograde amnesia: 顺行性遗忘anton syndrome: 安东综合征apathetic dementia：淡漠性痴呆apert syndrome: 阿佩尔综合征aphasia: 失语［症］apraxia：失用［症］aprosody：失语韵［症］arachnoiditis：蛛网膜炎areflexia：反射消失arnold-chiari malformation: 阿诺德-基亚里畸形arrhigosis：冷觉缺失ascending myelitis：上升性脊髓炎associated movement：联合运动astasia abasia：站立行走不能astatic seizure：起立不能发作asterixis：扑翼样震颤asynergia：协同动作不能ataxia：共济失调ataxic gait：共济失调步态athetosis：手足徐动症atonia：张力缺失atonic seizure：失张力发作atopognosia：位置失认［症］atypical absence seizure：非典型失神发作auditory agnosia：听觉失认［症］auditory evoked potential, aep：听觉诱发电位aura：先兆auriculo-temporal syndrome：耳颞综合征automatism：自动症autotopagnosia：自身部位失认［症］avellis syndrome: 阿韦利斯综合征bbabinski sign: 巴宾斯基征babinski-nageotte syndrome: 巴宾斯基-纳若特综合征background activity：背景活动bailey-cushing syndrome:贝利-库欣综合征balint syndrome：巴林特综合征ballism：投掷症balo disease：巴洛病，又称“同心圆性硬化”(concentric sclerosis) baragnosis：重量失认［症］barré pyramidal sign: 巴雷锥体束征bechterew sign: 别赫捷列夫征becker muscular dystrophy：贝克肌营养不良beevor sign:比弗征benedikt syndrome: 贝内迪克特综合征bielschowsky-jansky disease：比-扬病binswanger disease：宾斯旺格病,又称“进行性白质脑病”bornholm disease: 博恩霍尔姆病bradykinesia：运动徐缓bradylalia：言语徐缓brain death: 脑死亡brainstem auditory evoked potential, baep：脑干听觉诱发电位brown-séquard syndrome:布朗-塞卡尔综合征brudzinski sign:布鲁津斯基征bruns syndrome:布伦斯综合征bulbar paralysis, bulbar palsy：延髓性麻痹burst suppression：爆发抑制ddandy-walker syndrome:丹迪-沃克综合征decorticate rigidity：去皮质强直decrement response：递减反应dejerine-klumpke syndrome: 德热里纳-克隆普克综合征dejerine-roussy syndrome:德热里纳-鲁西综合征dejerine-sottas disease：德热里纳-索塔斯dementia：痴呆dementia agitata：激越性痴呆demyelination：脱髓鞘denervation potential：去神经电位depth electroencephalogram：深部脑电图depth electroencephalography：深部脑电图学diencephalosis：间脑病diplegia：双侧瘫痪distal latency：远端潜伏期dizziness：头晕drop attack：跌倒发作drunken gait：酒醉步态duchenne muscular dystrophy: 迪谢内肌营养不良duchenne-erb syndrome:迪谢内-埃尔布综合征dysarthria：构音困难dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome：构音困难手笨拙综合征dysdiadochokinesia：轮替运动困难dysesthesia：感觉迟钝dysgeusia：味觉障碍dysgraphia：书写困难dyskinesia：运动障碍dyslalia: 言语困难dyslexia：诵读困难dysmetria：辨距困难dysmyotonia：肌张力障碍dyspraxia：运用障碍dyssynergia：协同动作障碍dystonia：张力失常dystonia musculorum deformans：畸形性肌张力障碍eelectrocorticogram：脑皮层电图electrocorticography：脑皮层电图学electroencephalogram：脑电图electroencephalography：脑电图学electromyelography：脊髓电图学electromyogram：肌电图electromyography, emg：肌电图学electroneurography：神经电图学electrothalamogram：丘脑电图encephalitis：脑炎encephalomyelitis：脑脊髓炎encephalopathy：脑病end plate noise：终板噪声end plate potential：终板电位ependymitis：室管膜炎epilepsy：癫痫epileptic seizure：癫痫发作epileptiform pattern：癫痫样波型essential tremor：特发性震颤event related potential, erp：事件相关电位ffacial tic：面肌抽搐，又称“面肌痉挛” fasciculation：肌束震颤fazio-londe syndrome:法齐奥-隆德综合征fecal incontinence：大便失禁festination：慌张步态fibrillation：肌纤维震颤flaccid hemiplegia：松弛性偏瘫flaccid paralysis：松弛性瘫痪flash visual evoked potential：闪光视觉诱发电位focal epilepsy：局限型癫痫foville syndrome:福维尔综合征friedreich ataxia：弗里德赖希共济失调f-wave：f波ggarcin syndrome:加桑综合征gaze paralysis：凝视瘫痪generalized epilepsy：全身型癫痫generalized seizure：全身发作gerstmann syndrome:格斯特曼综合征giant cell arteritis：巨细胞动脉炎giant motor unit action potential：巨大运动单位动作电位global amnesia, total amnesia: 完全性遗忘gordon sign:戈登征grand mal：大发作graphanesthesia：皮肤书写觉缺失guillain-barré syndrome:吉兰-巴雷综合征hh reflex：h反射hallervorden-spatz disease: 哈勒沃登-施帕茨病headache：头痛hemianesthesia:偏侧感觉缺失hemiatrophy：偏侧萎缩hemiballismus：偏侧投掷症hemichorea：偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm：偏侧面肌痉挛hemihypertrophy：偏侧肥大hemiparesis：轻偏瘫hemiplegia：偏瘫hemiplegic gait：偏瘫步态hereditary cerebellar ataxia：遗传性小脑共济失调hoffmann sign:霍夫曼征 horner syndrome:霍纳综合征hunt disease: 亨特病huntington disease：亨廷顿病hypalgesia：痛觉减退hyperalgesia：痛觉过敏hyperhidrosis：多汗hyperkinesia：运动过度hyperostosis frontalis interna：额骨内板增生症hyperpathia：痛觉过度hyperreflexia：反射亢进hypersexuality：性欲亢进hypertonia：张力过高hypesthesia：感觉减退hypogeusia：味觉减退hypohidrosis：少汗hypokinesia：运动减少hyporeflexia：反射减弱hypothalamic syndrome：下丘脑综合征hypotonia：张力过低iideational apraxia：观念性失用［症］ideokinetic apraxia：观念运动性失用［症］idiopathic epilepsy：特发性癫痫imitative synkinesia：模仿性联带运动incontinence：失禁incoordination：动作失调injury potential：损伤hypersomnia：睡眠过度电位intentional tremor：意向性震颤internuclear ophthalmoplegia：核间性眼肌瘫痪intracranial venous thrombosis：颅内静脉血栓形成isaac syndrome:艾萨克综合征jjackson epilepsy:杰克逊癫痫jackson syndrome:杰克逊综合征jargon aphasia：杂乱性失语［症］jitter：颤抖joseph disease：约瑟夫病jugular foramen syndrome：颈静脉孔综合征khypsarrhythmia：高度节律失调kearns-sayre syndrome:卡恩斯-塞尔综合征kernig sign:凯尔尼格征kinetic tremor：动作性震颤klippel-feil disease：克利佩尔-费尔病kocher-debr-semelaign syndrome:科克-德布雷-塞梅莱涅综合征krabbe disease：克拉伯病kufs disease：库夫斯病kugelberg-welander disease：库格尔贝格-韦兰德病kuru disease：库鲁病llafora disease：拉福拉病lambert-eaton syndrome:兰伯特-伊顿综合征landry paralysis：兰德里瘫痪laryngeal crisis：喉危象lasgue sign:拉塞格征late response：迟发反应leber disease:莱伯病leigh disease:利氏病leri sign:莱里征lethargy:嗜睡leukoencephalitis：白质脑炎lhermitte sign:莱尔米特征locked-in syndrome：闭锁综合征luft disease：勒夫特病luxury perfusion syndrome：过度灌注综合征Mmacewen sign:麦克尤恩征marinesco-sjgren syndrome:马里内斯科-舍格伦综合征mayer sign: 迈耶征mcardle disease：麦卡德尔病megaconial myopathy：大锥状颗粒肌病meningism：假性脑［脊］膜炎meningitis：脑［脊］膜炎meningoencephalitis：脑膜脑炎meningomyelitis：脊膜脊髓炎menkes disease：门克斯病又称“钢发综合征(steely hair syndrome)” metachromatic leukodystrophy：异染性脑白质营养不良micturition syncope：排尿晕厥migraine：偏头痛millard-gubler syndrome: 米亚尔-居布勒综合征mirror writing：镜像书写mitochondrial myopathy：线粒体肌病mollaret meningitis：莫拉雷脑［脊］膜炎monoballismus：单肢投掷症mononeuritis：单神经炎monoplegia：单瘫moro reflex:莫罗反射motor aphasia:运动性失语［症］motor apraxia：运动性失用［症］motor nerve conduction velocity：运动神经传导速度motor unit action potential：运动单位动作电位motor unit potential：运动单位电位multilead electrode：多导电极multiple sclerosis：多发性硬化multiple spike and slow wave complex：多棘慢复合波muscular hypertrophy：肌肥大myalgia：肌痛myasthenia：肌无力myasthenia gravis：重症肌无力myelitis：脊髓炎myelopathy：脊髓病myoclonic epilepsy：肌阵挛型癫痫myoclonic seizure：肌阵挛发作myoclonus：肌阵挛myokymia：肌纤维颤搐myopathy：肌病myositis：肌炎myositis ossificans：骨化性肌炎myotonia：肌强直myotonia atrophica：萎缩性肌强直myotonic potential：肌强直电位myotubular myopathy：肌管性肌病m-wave：m波Nnarcolepsy：发作性睡病nascent motor unit action potential：新生运动单位动作电位nasopharyngeal electrode：鼻咽电极necrotic myelitis：坏死性脊髓炎needle electrode：针电极nemaline myopathy, rod myopathy：线状体肌病，又称“棒状体肌病” neuralgia：神经痛neuritis：神经炎neurology:神经病学neuromyositis：神经肌炎neuromyotonia：神经性肌强直neuropathy：神经病nodding spasm, spasmus nutans：点头痉挛nominal aphasia：命名性失语［症］nothnagel sign:诺特纳格尔征nothnagel syndrome:诺特纳格尔综合征nuclear ophthalmoplegia：核性眼肌瘫痪nystagmus：眼震Oocular bobbing：眼球浮动oculocephalogyric reflex：头眼反射oculogyric crisis：眼动危象oculogyric spasm：旋眼痉挛olivopontocerebellar atrophy：橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩oppenheim sign:奥本海姆征optical neuromyelitis：视神经脊髓炎orbicularis sign：眼轮匝肌征Ppalatal myoclonus：软腭阵挛pallanesthesia：振动觉缺失palmomental reflex：掌颏反射palsy, paralysis：麻痹，瘫痪paraesthesia：感觉异常parageusia：味觉倒错paralexia：错读［症］paramyotonia：副肌强直paraparesis：轻截瘫paraphasia：错语［症］paraplegia：截瘫parasomnia：深眠状态paresis：轻瘫parinaud syndrome:帕里诺综合征parkinson disease：帕金森病，又称“震颤麻痹”partial seizure：部分发作patellar clonus：髌阵挛pelizaeus-merzbacher disease：佩利措伊斯-梅茨巴赫病，简称“佩-梅病” pendular reflex：钟摆样反射periodic paralysis：周期性瘫痪petit mal：小发作phantom limb：幻肢phantom sensation：幻感觉phantom spike and slow wave complex：幻影棘慢复合波photo convulsive response：光惊厥反应photo myoclonic response：光肌阵挛反应photo paroxysm response：光阵发反应pick disease:皮克病pill rolling tremor：捻丸样震颤planotopokinesia：空间定位障碍polymyoclonus：多肌阵挛polymyositis：多肌炎polyneuritis：多神经炎polyneuropathy：多神经病polyradiculitis：多神经根炎positive sharp wave：正尖波postinfectious encephalomyelitis：感染后脑脊髓炎postvaccinal encephalomyelitis：疫苗接种后脑脊髓炎primary lateral sclerosis：原发性侧索硬化progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy：进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy：进行性肌营养不良progressive spinal muscular atrophy：进行性脊髓性肌萎缩progressive stroke：进行性［脑］卒中pronation sign：旋前征prosopagnosia：面容失认［症］pseudoataxia：假［性］共济失调pseudoathetosis：假［性］手足徐动症pseudobulbar paralysis, pseudobulbar palsy：假［性］延髓性麻痹pseudohypertrophy：假［性］肥大pseudomyotonia：假性肌强直psychogenic headache：心因性头痛psychomotor epilepsy：精神运动型癫痫pyramidal sign：锥体束征Qquadriplegia：四肢瘫痪queckenstedt test:奎肯施泰特试验（简称奎氏试验）Rradiculitis：神经根炎raymond cestan syndrome:蕾蒙*塞斯唐综合征reflex epilepsy：反射性癫痫refsum disease：雷夫叙姆病restless leg syndrome：下肢不宁综合征retrograde amnesia:逆行性遗忘reverse steal phenomenon：反盗血现象reversible ischemic attack：可逆性脑缺血发作rhythm：节律μ-rhythm：μ节律rigidity：强直riley-day syndrome:赖利-戴综合征romberg sign:龙贝格征rossolimo sign:罗索利莫征Ssantavuori disease：桑塔沃里病schilder disease：希尔德病，又称“弥漫性硬化(diffuse sclerosis)” schmidt syndrome:施密特综合征sciatica, ischialgia：坐骨神经痛seitelberger disease:赛特贝格病sensory aphasia:感觉性失语［症］sensory nerve conduction velocity：感觉神经传导速度sharp and slow wave complex, sharp and wave complex：尖慢复合波sharp wave：尖波shy-drger syndrome:夏伊-德雷格综合征simple partial seizure：简单部分发作single fiber electromyography：单纤维肌电图学skew deviation：反向偏斜somatosensory evoked potential, sep：躯体感觉诱发电位spasm：痉挛spasmodic torticollis：痉挛性斜颈spastic ataxic gait：痉挛性共济失调步态spastic gait：痉挛步态spastic hemiplegia：痉挛性偏瘫spasticity：痉挛状态spastic paralysis：痉挛性瘫痪spastic synkinesia：痉挛性联带运动sphenoidal electrode：蝶骨电极spike and slow wave complex, spike and wave complex：棘慢复合波spike wave：棘波spinal evoked potential：脊髓诱发电位static tremor：静止性震颤status epilepticus：癫痫持续状态steal phenomenon：盗血现象steppage gait：跨阈步态stereoanesthesia：立体觉缺失stiff man syndrome：僵人综合征stroke, apoplexy：［脑］卒中sturge-weber syndrome:斯特奇-韦伯综合征subacute combined sclerosis：亚急性联合硬化subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, sspe：亚急性硬化性全脑炎subclavian steal syndrome：锁骨下动脉盗血综合征supranuclear ophthalmoplegia：核上性眼肌瘫痪synkinesia：联带运动syringobulbia：延髓空洞症syringomyelia：脊髓空洞症Ttactile agnosia：触觉失认［症］tangier disease：丹吉尔病tapia syndrome:塔皮亚综合征tarsal tunnel syndrome：跗管综合征temporal epilepsy：颞叶癫痫tension headache：紧张性头痛thalamic syndrome：丘脑综合征thermanesthesia：温度觉缺失thermohyperesthesia：温度觉过敏thermohypesthesia：温度觉减退thigmanesthesia：触觉缺失thoracic outlet syndrome：胸出口综合征tic：抽搐todd paralysis:托德瘫痪tolosa hunt syndrome:托洛萨-亨特综合征，又称“痛性眼肌麻痹” tonic clonic seizure：强直阵挛发作tonic reflex：强直反射tonic seizure：强直发作topoanesthesia：定位觉缺失torsion dysmyotonia：扭转性肌张力障碍transcortical motor aphasia:经皮质运动性失语［症］transcortical sensory aphasia:经皮质感觉性失语［症］transient ischemic attack：短暂性脑缺血发作transient wave：一过性波transverse myelitis：横贯性脊髓炎tremor：震颤triphasic wave：三相波trismus：牙关紧闭Uurinary incontinence：尿失禁Vvegetative state：植物状态vertebro-basilar artery insufficiency：椎基底动脉供血不足vestibulo-ocular reflex：前庭眼反射visual evoked potential, vep：视觉诱发电位visual-spatial agnosia：视空间觉失认［症］vogt syndrome:福格特综合征Wwallenberg syndrome:瓦伦贝格综合征α-wave：α波β-wave：β波δ-wave：δ波θ-wave：θ波weber syndrome:韦伯综合征werdnig-hoffmann disease：韦德尼希-霍夫曼病,又称“婴儿型脊髓性肌萎缩” wernicke disease:韦尼克病wernicke encephalopathy：韦尼克脑病wernicke syndrome:韦尼克综合征wernicke-korsakoff syndrome:韦尼克-科尔萨科夫综合征药物依赖性词汇(英汉)abstainer 戒断者abstinence 撤药abstinence syndrome 戒断综合征abuse 滥用abuse liability 滥用倾向abuse potential 滥用潜力acid [俚]大麻acoasma 幻听acolasia 放纵acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute withdrawal syndrome 急性戒断综合征addict 成瘾者addiction 成瘾addiction medicine 成瘾性药addiction prone personality 依赖性倾向人格addictionologist 成瘾性研究者addictive 成瘾的addictive personality 成瘾个性adverse drug reaction 药物不良反应affion (offium) 烟土afyuni 阿芙蓉（鸦片）agonist 激动剂agrypnia 失眠alcohol abstinence 酒戒断alcohol abuse 酒滥用alcohol dependence syndrome 酒依赖综合征alcohol intoxication 酒中毒alcohol preference 酒精偏爱alcohol tolerance 酒耐受alcohol withdrawal 酒戒断alcoholic personality 酗酒者人格Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 戒酒者协会alcoholics 酗酒者alcoholism 酒精中毒alcoholophilia 酒癖alcoholtherapy 酒精疗法algesia (algesthesia) 痛觉algesic (algetic) 疼痛的algid sudor 冷汗alienation 精神错乱amphetamine 苯丙胺amphetamine psychosis 苯丙胺性精神障碍analgesic activity 镇痛作用analgesic agent 镇痛剂analgesic drug 止痛药analgesics 镇痛剂anesthetics 麻醉剂animal model 动物模型antagonist 拮抗剂antianxiety agent 抗焦虑剂antisocial personality 反社会人格anxiety 焦虑apathy 情感淡漠ataractics 安定药ataxia 运动失调barbiturates 巴比妥类behavior psychology 行为心理学benzodiazepines 苯二氮卓类buprenorphine 丁丙诺啡Ccalmodulin 钙调节蛋白，钙调素cannabin 大麻酯cannabine 大麻碱cannabinol 大麻酚cannabis 大麻，大麻类cannabism 大麻中毒center of reward 奖赏中枢central excitatory mechanism 中枢兴奋机制charas [俚]大麻charley [俚]可卡因chasing dragon [俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chicken powder [俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chief [俚]麦角酰二乙胺Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale) 临床麻醉药品评估量表coca 古柯coca alkaloids 古柯生物碱coca leaf 古柯叶coca paste 古柯糊cocaine 古柯碱，可卡因cocaine base 可卡因碱cocaine hydrochloride 盐酸可卡因cocaine psychosis 可卡因性精神病cocaines 可卡因类cocainidine 甲基可卡因cocainomaniac 可卡因成瘾者cockstailytic 抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂codeine 可待因codependence 协同依赖性coffein 咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒cokane(in my brain) [俚]可卡因coke [俚]可卡因cold turkey 冷火鸡coma 昏迷Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND) 联合国麻醉药品委员会concentrate of poppy straw 罂粟秆浓缩物conditioned place preference 条件性位置偏爱corediastasis(corodiastasis) 瞳孔扩大craving 渴求crystal [俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）DAYTOP village 日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）demographic characteristics 人口学特征dependence potential 依赖性潜力dependence syndrome 依赖性综合征dependence treatment 依赖性治疗dependence-producing drug 致依赖性药物dependence-producing property 依赖性特性dependency 依赖性designer drug 策划药detection 监测detoxification 脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification center 戒毒中心discrimination 辨别discriminatiin box 辨别箱discrimination training 辨别训练dizziness 头晕dopamine(DA) 多巴胺drug abuse 药物滥用drug abuse pattern 药物滥用方式drug addiction 药物成瘾性drug control 禁毒，药物控制drug dependence 药物依赖性drug determination 药物测定drug discrimination (DD) 药物辨别drug epidemiology 药物流行病学drug free 摆脱吸毒drug habit 药物成瘾drug induced hallucination 服药幻觉drug intoxication 药物中毒drug misuse 药物误用drug monitoring 药物监控drug of psychedelic 致幻剂drug overdose 药物过量drug policy 药品政策drug potency 药物作用强度drug problem 毒品问题drug receptor binding 药物受体结合drug resistance 耐药性drug safety 药物安全性drug surveillance 药物监测drug testing 药物检测drug tolerance 药物耐受性drug urinalysis 药物尿分析drug withdrawal 药物戒断drug-admixed food method 药掺食法drug-seeking behavior 觅药行为drug-wise training 抗毒锦囊训练drugged [俚]掺麻醉，吸毒成瘾drug act 毒品条例drunken 酗酒dry mouth 口干dual personality 双重人格dynorphin 强啡呔dyscinesia (dyskinesia) 运动障碍dyscoimesis(dyskoimesis) 睡眠困难dysfunction 机能障碍dysphoria 烦躁不安，焦虑dyspnea 呼吸困难dyssomnia 睡眠障碍dystaxia 共济失调dysthesia 烦躁dysthymia disorders 抑郁症dystrophia(dystrophy) 营养不良dystropy 行为异常Enecephalin 脑啡肽endogenous opiate 内源性阿片endogenous opioid peptides 内阿片肽endorphin 内啡肽epidemiology 流行病学epidemiology survey 流行病学调查epidural injection 硬膜外注射euphoria 欣快euphoriant effect 欣快效应euphoric behavior 欢乐行为excessive drinking 过度饮酒excitoacceleratory 兴奋加速的excitoinhibitory 抑制兴奋的Ffloaty euphoria 飘飘然，欣快感follow up 随访follow-up study 随访研究，追踪研究Ggage [俚]大麻ganja [俚]大麻ganjah 大麻Golden Crescent 金新月Golden Triangle 金三角goose flesh 鸡皮疙瘩group psychotherapy 集体心理治疗group regulation 集体调节Hhallucination 幻觉hallucinogen 致幻剂hallucinogenic drug 致幻剂hash [俚]大麻hashish 大麻，大麻树脂hashishin 大麻瘾者hashishism 大麻瘾heavy drinking 酗酒heavy smoker 重度吸烟者hepatitis 肝炎herb [俚]大麻herd susceptibility 人群易感性heroin(diacetylmorphine) 海洛因high risk population 高危人群hyoscine 东莨菪碱Iillicit drug 非法药物illicit trafficking 非法贩运illusion 幻觉immunoassay kit 免疫试剂盒infection 传染inhalant 吸入剂intervention 干预intoxication 中毒intravenous injection 静脉注射invasion 发病investigation 调查Jjunkies 吸毒者juvenile delinquency 少年犯罪Kketamine 氯胺酮Llysergic acid diethylanide (LSD) 麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）M3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) 亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺maintenance program 维持治疗计划maintenance therapy 维持疗法marihuana(marijuana) 大麻mecon 鸦片methadone 美沙酮methadone maintenance 美沙酮维持methadone treatment 美沙酮治疗methamphetamine N-甲基苯丙胺method of abstention 戒毒法method of administration 给药途径methyl amphetamine 甲基苯丙胺misuse 误用monitoring 监测morphine 吗啡morphine hydrochloride 盐酸吗啡multiple drug abuse 多药滥用Nnaloxone 纳洛酮naltrexone 纳曲酮narcotic analgesic agent 麻醉性止痛药narcotic antagonist 麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic dependence 麻醉药依赖narcotics 麻醉药narcotics addiction 麻醉药成瘾Narcotics Anonymous (NA) 麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）needle sharing 共用针头needle track 注射斑痕neurological susceptibility 易感性nicotiana tabacum 烟草nicotine 尼古丁，烟碱nicotine gum 尼古丁胶姆糖nicotinism 尼古丁中毒nonopioid analgesic 非阿片类镇痛药Oopiates 阿片类opioid receptor 阿片类受体opium 阿片opium powder 阿片粉opium-addiction(opiumism) 阿片成瘾Ppapaveracease 罂粟科papaverine 罂粟碱papaveris capsular 罂粟壳paregorism 阿片瘾passive smoking 被动吸烟per os 口服pharmacodynamic tolerance 药效耐受性pharmacokinetics 药代动力学pharmacological dependence 药物依赖pharmacology 药理学physical dependence 身体依赖physical withdrawal 躯体戒断physiological dependence 身体依赖（生理依赖）place preference 位置偏爱实验poppy shell 罂粟壳powdered opium 阿片粉剂prevention 预防primary prevention 初级预防，一级预防protracted opioid abstinence syndrome 阿片戒断综合征protracted syndrome 稽延性症状psychoactive substance abuse 精神活性物质滥用psychotherapeutics 精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapy 心理治疗pupillary dilation 瞳孔扩大Rrelapse 复吸relapse prevention 预防复吸reward center 奖赏中枢reward system 奖赏系统reward effect 奖赏效应route of administration 用药途径route of transmission 传播途径Ssmoke 吸烟smokeless tobacco 无烟烟草smoker 吸烟者smoking cessation 戒烟sniffing glue 嗅胶snort 鼻吸social interaction 社会干预soft drug 软性毒品solvent abuse 溶媒滥用solvent inhalation 溶媒吸入剂solvents 溶剂stimulant 兴奋剂streat drug 市售药[毒]品street drug user 街头吸毒者street heroin 市售海洛因street huffer 街头溶剂滥用者street junkie 吸毒者substance(drug)-seeking behavior 觅药行为syndrome 综合征tabacco 烟草tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) 四氢大麻酚Therapeutic Community(TC) 治疗集体thin layer chromatography（TLC）薄层色谱法tobacco dependence 烟草依赖性tobacco smoke 吸烟tobacco withdrawal 烟草戒断tobaccoism 烟草中毒tolerance 耐受性toxicity 毒性toxicology 毒理学toxicomania 毒物瘾transmission of infection 感染传播Vvolatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatile substance 挥发性物质volunteer 志愿者vomiting(vomition) 呕吐Wwithdrawal 撤药，戒断withdrawal syndrome 戒断综合征Yyoung offender 青少年犯罪Zzen [俚]麦角二乙胺医疗词汇内科系统 Medicine Systems外科系统 Surgery Systems医技科室Medical Laboratory血液病科Hematology Department普外（肝胆）General Surgery临床检验Clinical Laboratory输血科Blood Bank内分泌科Endocrinology Department胸外科Thoracic surgery病理科Pathology Deparment脑电图室ECG Laboratory消化内科Digestive System Department心外科Cardial Surgery传统放射科Traditional Radiology Department 肺功能室Lung Function Laboratory心血管内科Vasculocardiology Deparment泌尿外科Urology SurgeryMR室MR Laboratory胃镜室Dndoscope Laboratory神经内科Neurology Department肿瘤外科Oncological SurgerySCT室SCt Laboratory人工肾室Hemodialyses Room介入科Invasive Technology Department神经外科Neurological Surgery超声诊断科UItrasonic Diagnosis Deparment DSA室DSA Room呼吸科Pneumology Department骨科Orthopedics Department超声多谱勒室UItrasonic Doppler Laboratory 血液净化室Laminar Airflow (LAF) Room肾内科Urology Department小儿外科Pediatric Surgery核医学科Isotopic Laboratory高压氧仓室Hyperbaric Chamber小儿科Pediatrics Department整形科Plastic SurgeryECT 室ECT Laboratory院内感染监控室Nosocomial Infection Monitory中医科Traditional Chinese Medicine Department烧伤科Department of Burn供应室Supply House血液成份分离室Cytopheresis Laboratory高干病房Senior Officials inpatient Ward妇产科Obstetric and Gynecologic Department营养室Nutrition House体外反搏室Counter Extropulsative Room华侨病房Overseas Chinese Ward口腔科Stomatological Department康复科Rehabilitation Department保健科Medical Care Department for personnel眼科Ophthalmologic Department针灸科Acupuncture and Moxibustion De-parment耳鼻喉科Otorhinolaryngologic Department理疗科Physiotherapy Deparment痔疮科Hemorrhoids Deparment按摩科Massage Department皮肤科Dermatology Department麻醉科Anesthesia Department省级重点学科 Key Subjects at the Provincial Level血液病、内分泌疾病、肝胆外科、胸心外科Hematology, Endocrinology, Genneral Surgery and Cardio-Thoracic Surgery省级医疗领先特色专业 The Leading Subjects of Medicine at the Provincial Level心内科、烧伤科、儿科心理学Cardiology, Department of B urn , Pediatric Psychology医院特色专科Characteristic Professional Subjects of Union Hospital消化内科、普外、肿瘤、泌尿、神经、整形、耳鼻喉科、介入、影像Digestive System Diseases, GeneralSurgery, Oncology, Urology, Neurology, Plastic Surgery,Otorhinolary, Invasive Department and Medical Imagery医学遗传学(Medical Genetics)词汇medical genetics 医学遗传学albinism 白化病breakage 断裂cancer family 癌家族cancer genetics 肿瘤遗传学carrier 携带者，载体，载流子，带虫者cat cry syndrome 猫叫综合征centromere 着丝点,着丝粒deletion 缺失diandry 双雄受精digyny 双雌受精duplication 重复Edwards's syndrome 18三体综合征endoreduplication 核内复制eugenics 优生学familial carcinoma 家族性癌fragile site 脆性部位fragile X syndrome 脆性X染色体综合征fusion gene 融合基因gene cluster 基因簇gene diagnosis 基因诊断gene frequency 基因频率gene maping, gene assignment 基因定位gene pool 基因库gene therapy 基因治疗genetic epidemiology 遗传病流行学genetic load 遗传负荷genic disease 基因病genotype frequency 基因型频率hemoglobinopathy 血红蛋白病hereditary disease, inherited disease, genetic disease 遗传病hereditary enzympathy 遗传性酶病heredity 遗传heritability 遗传率human biochemical genetics 人类生化遗传学human cytogenetics 人类细胞遗传学human molecular genetics 人类分子遗传学human population genetics 人类群体遗传学inborn errors of metabolism 先天性代谢缺陷invertion 倒位isochromosome 等臂染色体landmark 界标liability 易患性marker chromosome 标记染色体medical genetics 医学遗传学modal number 众数molecular disease 分子病monogenic disease 单基因病mosaic 嵌合体multiple alleles 复等位基因negative eugenics 负优生学nucleosome 核小体oncogene 癌基因，原癌基因pedigree 系谱polygenic disease 多基因病polygenic inheritance 多基因遗传positive eugenics 正优生学prenatal diagnosis 产前诊断primary constriction 主缢痕，初级缢痕proband 先证者reciprocal translocation 相互易位satellite 卫星，随体somatic cell genetics 体细胞遗传学stem line 干系structural aberration 结构畸变telomere 端区(端粒)thalassemia 海洋性贫血中草药成分英汉对照词汇AAbrine 相思豆碱O-Acetyl-3,6-di-O-β-D-xylopy-rano- astragaloside O-乙烯 3,6-双氧-β-D- 吡喃木糖基绵毛黄芪甙Acetylastragaloside 乙酰黄芪甙N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖糖6``-acetylhyperoside 6``-乙酰氧基金丝桃甙Acetylshikonin 乙酰紫草素14-Acetyltalatisamine Achyranthan 牛膝多糖Acobreting D 短距乌头碱丁Acobreting E 短距乌头碱戊Aconine 乌头原碱Aconitine 乌头碱Aconosine 爱康诺辛Actein 黄肉楠碱Actinodephnine Acuminatin Acuminatoside Adenanthin 腺华素Adenine 腺嘌呤Adenoside 腺苷Adynerin 欧夹竹桃甙乙Aescin 七叶皂甙Aesculetin 七叶素（七叶内脂，秦皮乙素）马栗树皮素Aesculin 七叶甙马栗树皮甙Agaricic acid 落叶松覃酸Agaricus blazei murrill P.E 姬松茸提取物Agrimophol 仙鹤草酚Ajmalicine(δ-Yohimbine) 阿吗碱,δ-育亨宾碱,阿吗里新Ajmaline 阿马林Akebia saponin D 木通皂甙 DAlantolactone 土木香内酯Albopilosin A Aleuritic acid 苏式-紫胶桐酸Alfalfa P.E 紫苜蓿提取物Alizarin 茜素Alkaloids 罗勒生物碱Allantoin 尿囊素Allasecurinine 别一叶秋碱Allantolin Allicin 大蒜素α-Allocryptopine α-别隐品碱Alloisoimperatorin 别异欧前胡素Alloxanthoxyletin Allose 阿罗糖Aloeemodin 芦荟大黄素Aloe-saponol Aloin 芦荟甙Aloesin 芦荟苦素Aloperin 苦豆碱Alpinetin 山姜素Amentoflavone 1- Amino-cyclopropane-1-acid hydrochloride 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸盐酸盐Amethystoidin A 香茶菜甲素Ampelopstin 福建茶素Amygdalase 苦杏仁酶Amygdalin 苦杏仁甙Aamylase 淀粉酶β-Amyrin β-香树脂醇α-Amyrin acetate α-香树脂醇乙酸乙酯β-Amyrin acetate β-香树脂醇乙酸乙酯β-Amyrin palmitate 棕榈酰β-香树酯Anabasine 毒藜碱Anagyrine 臭豆碱,安那吉碱Andrographis Paniculata P.E 穿心莲提取物Andrographolide 穿心莲内酯穿心莲乙素Anemonin 白头翁素Angelica Dongquai P.E 当归提取物Anisodamine 山莨菪碱Anisodine 樟柳碱Anthocyanosides 花色素Anthraglycoside A 大黄素-6-甲醚-8-D-葡萄糖甙Anthraglycoside B 大黄素-8-D-葡萄糖甙Apigenin 芹菜甙元芹菜素Apigenin-7-glucoside 芹菜甙元-7- 葡萄糖甙Apigenin-7-O-glucoside 芹菜甙元-7- O-葡萄糖甙Apigenin-8-O-glucoside 芹菜甙元-8- O-葡萄糖甙Apigenin-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside 芹黄素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙Apiin 芹菜甙Apple Extract 苹果提取物Araloside A 楤木皂甙 AArbutin 熊果甙Arctigenin 牛蒡甙元Arctiin 牛蒡子甙Arctinal 牛蒡子醛Arctinol b 牛蒡子醇-bAristolactone 马兜铃内酯Aristolochic acid A, D 马兜铃酸A，DAristolochic acid B, C 马兜铃酸B，CArmillarisin A 亮菌甲素,假蜜环菌甲素Arteannuic acid 青蒿酸Arteannuin 青蒿素Artemisinin 青蒿提取物α-Artemether α-蒿甲醚β-Artemether β-蒿甲醚Artemetin 青蒿亭Artemisinic acid 春活力青蒿酸Arundoin 芦竹素Asarinin 细辛脂素α-Asaron α-细辛醚β-Asarone β-细辛醚Asiatic acid 积雪草酸Asiaticoside 积雪草甙Astilbin 落新妇甙Astragaloside 黄芪甙Astragalin Astragaloside II 黄芪皂甙 II Astragaloside IV 黄芪甲甙Astragalus Root P.E 黄芪提取物Atisine chloride Atractydin 苍术素Atractylon 苍术酮Atraotydin 苍术甙Atropine 阿托品Aucubin 桃叶珊瑚甙Avacularin 扁蓄甙BBaicalein 黄芩素Baicalin 黄芩甙Baical Skullcap root P.E 黄芩提取物Bakuchiol 补骨脂酚Bavachalcone 补骨脂查耳酮Barley Grass P.E 麦苗精提取物Beiwutine 北乌碱Benzoylmesaconitine 苯甲酰中乌头原碱Berbamine 小檗胺Berbamine hydrochloride 盐酸小檗胺Berberine 小檗碱Berberine hydrochloride 盐酸小檗碱Bergapten 香柑内酯佛手柑内酯Bergaptol 佛手酚Bergenin 岩白菜素Betaine 甜菜碱Betulin 白桦脂醇Betulic acid 白桦脂酸Black Cohosh P.E 黑升麻提取物Bicuculline 毕枯枯林Biflorin 双花母草素Biflorine 原阿片碱Bilberry fruit P.E 越橘提取物Bitter Melon P.E 苦瓜提取物Bilirubin 胆红素Bilobalide 白果内酯Bilobetin 白果素 7-去甲基银杏双黄酮Bisdemethoxycurcumin 二去甲氧基姜黄素Bitter Orang P.E 枳实提取物Black Cohosh P.E 黑升麻提取物Boxthorn Seed Oil 枸杞籽油Brervifolincaboxylic acid 天豆叶苏木酚酸,短叶苏木酚酸Brevicornin Britanin 大花旋覆花素Breviscapinun 灯盏花素Britanin 大花旋覆花内酯Bronyl acetate 乙酸龙脑酯4-(2-Bronyloxy)-2-butytene-1-ol 4- 冰片氧基-2-丁烯-1-醇4-(2-Bronyloxy)-2-butanol 4-冰片氧基- 1-丁醇Bruceaketolic acid 鸦胆子酮酸Brucealine-glucoside 鸦蛋子苦素 E 葡萄糖甙Bruceine D 鸦胆子苦素 DBruceine E 鸦胆子苦素 EBrucine 马钱子碱Brusatol 鸦胆子苦醇Buddleoglucoside 蒙花甙Bufalin 蟾毒灵γ-Bufotalin γ-日蟾毒配质Bulleyaconitine A 草乌甲素Burdok root P.E 牛蒡根提取物Butenolide A B 白术内酯 A BButylidene 丁烯基太内酯Butylphthalide 芹菜甲素Byakangelicin 白当归素比克白芷素Byakangelicol 白当归脑。
神经病学专业词汇中英文
英汉神经病学名词索引AAbacavir 阿波卡韦botulinum toxin type A A型肉毒杆菌毒素absence 失神acetylcholine,Ach 乙酰胆碱acquired immynodefeciency syndrome,AIDS病abdominal reflexes 腹壁反射abnormal involuntary movements, AIMs 异动症abulia 意志缺乏accommodation reflex 调节反射acetaminophen 对乙基氨基酚Achilles reflex Achilles反射Achilles tendon reflex 跟腱反射AChR-Ab 乙酰胆碱受体抗体actin 肌动蛋白action tremor 动作性震颤acute ascending myelitis 上升性脊髓炎acute ascending palsy 急性上升性麻痹acute confusion state 急性意识模糊状态acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM 急性播散性脑脊髓炎acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, AHL 急性出血性白质脑炎acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuro- pathies, AIDP acute motor axonal neuropathy, AMAN 急性运动轴索型神经病acute motorsensory axonal neuropathy, AMSAN 急性运动感觉轴索型神经病acute myelitis 急性脊髓炎acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis 急性坏死性出血性脑脊髓炎acute poliomyelitis 急性脊髓前角灰质炎acute transverse myelitis, ATM 急性横贯性脊髓炎acyclovir 阿昔洛韦Adams-Stokes syndrome 阿-斯综合征adenoma sebaceum 皮脂腺瘤Adie’s pupil 艾迪瞳孔Adie’s syndrome 强直性瞳孔Adie’s syndro me 艾迪综合征Adrenoleykody-strophy肾上腺脑白质营养不良Albendazole阿苯哒唑Alprazolam阿普唑仑Amitriptiline阿米替林Amantadine金刚烷胺amnestic syndrome遗忘综合症amprenavir 安泼那韦adynamia episodica hereditaria 遗传性发作无力hereditary diseaseagnosia 失认症AIDS dementia complex, ADC AIDS-痴呆复合体air conduction, AC 气导akinesia, hypokinesia 运动减少akinetic mutism动作不能性缄默症alcoholic intemperance 酗酒algospasm 痛性痉挛Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病amaurosis fugax 黑蒙amipaque 甲泛葡胺Ammon’s horn sclerosis, AHS 海马硬化b-amyloid, A b b类淀粉蛋白amyloid precursor protein, APP 类淀粉蛋白前体基因amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化anal reflex 肛门反射ancrod 安克洛酶, 降纤酶angiography of spinal cord 脊髓血管造影angionecrosis 血管(壁)坏死ankle clonus 踝阵挛ankle reflex踝反射anomic aphasia, AA 命名性失语antane 安坦anticibation 遗传早现antiepilepic drugs, AEDs 抗癫痫药物aphasia 失语症aphasia battery of Chinese, ABC 汉语失语检查法apnea hypopnea index,AHI呼吸暂停低通气指数arylsulfatase-A芳基硫酯酶Aapolipoprotein E, ApoE 载脂蛋白Eapraxia 失用症Argyll-Robertson’s pupil 阿-罗瞳孔Arnold-Chiari deformation Arnold-Chiari畸形, 小脑扁桃体下疝畸形arteriolar atherosclerosis 小动脉硬化ascending reticular activating system 上行性网状激活系统aseptic meningitis 无菌性脑膜炎Aspirin阿司匹林α-synucleinα-突触核蛋白assisted ventilation 辅助通气asynergia 协同不能ataxia 共济失调ataxia telangicctasia, AT 共济失调毛细血管扩张症ataxic-hemiparesis, AH 共济失调性轻偏瘫athetosis 手足徐动症attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 注意力缺陷多动症atonic-seizure失张力性发作avidin-biotin亲合素-生物素atypical facial pain 非典型面痛automatism 自动症autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, ADCA 常染色体显性小脑性共济失调axon impairment 轴索损害axonal degeneration 轴索变性axonotmesis 轴突断伤azathioprine 硫唑嘌呤BBabinski sign 巴彬斯基征baclofen 氯苯氨丁酸, 巴氯芬Barany test 温度刺激试验Barre dividigital test 巴利分指试验basal ganglion aphasia, BA 底节性失语b-amyloid,Ab b-淀粉样蛋白basilar artery migraine 基底动脉偏头痛basilar migraine 基底型偏头痛basilar impression 颅底凹陷症batroxobin 巴曲酶Becker muscular dystrophy, BMD Becker假肥大型肌营养不良症Bell’s palsy 面神经炎或Bell麻痹Bechet’s disease 白塞病Bell palsy Bell 麻痹benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spike 中央-颞部棘波的良性儿童期癫benign childhood epilepsy with occipital discharging 枕区放电的良性儿童期癫benign hereditary chorea, BHC 良性遗传性舞蹈病biceps reflex 肱二头肌反射Binswanger disease Binswanger病biopsy of brain tissue 脑活组织检查biopsy of muscle 肌肉组织活检biopsy of nerve 神经组织活检blepharospasm 眼睑痉挛Blessed behavior scale, BBS Blessed行为量表blink-mandibular phenomenon 瞬目下颌现象blood-brain-barrier, BBB 血脑屏障bone conduction, BC 骨导border zone 边缘带botulinum toxin type A, BTX A型肉毒毒素Bourneille disease Bourneille病Borrelia burgdorferi 蜱咬性伯氏疏螺旋体brachial neuralgia 臂丛神经痛bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE 牛海绵状脑病brachial neuritis 臂丛神经炎bradykinesia 运动迟缓brain death脑死亡brain electrical activity mapping, BEAM 脑电地形图brain evoked potentials, BEP脑诱发电位brain stem 脑干brainstem auditory evoked potentials, BAEP 脑干听觉诱发电位brainstem encephalitis 脑干炎bromocriptine 溴隐亭Brune sign布龙征brittle crisis 反拗危象Broca aphasia, BA 运动性失语Brown-Sequard syndrome 脊髓半切综合征Brudzinski’s test 布鲁津斯基试验Ccafé- au- lait spot 牛奶咖啡斑cafergot 麦角胺咖啡因calcium channel antagonists 钙通道拮抗剂campylobacter jejuni, CJ 空肠弯曲菌captopril 卡托普利carbamazapine, CBZ 卡马西平carotid sinus reflex 颈动脉窦反射carotidynia 颈动脉痛carpal tunne syndrome 腕管综合征causalgia 灼性神经痛cauda equina 马尾cavernous sinus thrombosis 海绵窦血栓形成central nervous system,CNS中枢神经系统cell transplantation 细胞移植central nervous system, CNS 中枢神经系统central pontine myelinolysis, CPM 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症cerebellar ataxia 小脑性共济失调cerebellar ataxia and crossed third-nerve palsy 合并动眼神经交叉瘫的小脑共济失调cerebellar gait 小脑性步态cerebellomedullar cisterna 小脑延髓池cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA 脑类淀粉血管病cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, CADASIL 合并皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病cerebral blood flow, CBF 脑血流量cerebral cysticercosis 脑囊虫病cerebral echinococciasis 脑棘球蚴病cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral evoked potential, EP诱发电位cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪cerebral paragonimiasis 脑型肺吸虫病cerebral schistosomiasis脑型血吸虫病cerebral thrombosis, CT 脑血栓形成cerebral vein thrombosis 大脑静脉血栓形成cerebral watershed infarction, CWSI 分水岭脑梗死cerebrospinauid, CSF 脑脊液cerebrovascular disease, CVD 脑血管疾病cerebrovascular spasm, CVS 脑血管痉挛ceruloplasmin 铜蓝蛋白Chaddock sign Chaddock征chamberlain line 腭枕线cheyne-stoke breathing 潮式呼吸childhood absence epilepsy儿童型失神性癫痫Charcot’s joint 夏科氏关节(神经原性关节病)Charcot’s triad Charcot三主征Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, CMTD 腓骨肌萎缩症Cheyne-Stoke’s breathing 潮式呼吸cholinergic crisis 胆碱能危象chorea 舞蹈症chorea minor 小舞蹈病choreacanthocytosis 棘状红细胞增多性舞蹈症choreoathetosis 舞蹈-手足徐动症chronic GBS 慢性格林-巴利综合征chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, CIDP 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病cidofovir 西多福韦clasp-kinfe phenomenon 折刀样肌张力增高cladribine可拉屈滨clinical definite MS, CDMS 临床确诊的多发性硬化clinical dementia rota, CDR 临床痴呆评定量表clinical probable MS, CPMS 临床可能的多发性硬化clonazepam 氯硝安定, 氯硝西泮clonus 阵挛cluster headache 丛集性头痛classic migraine典型偏头痛clopidogre 氯吡格雷cobweb-like coagulation 蛛网膜样凝固cognitive impairment 认知障碍cogwheel rigidity 齿轮样强直coma 昏迷coma vigil 睁眼昏迷common migraine 普通偏头痛common peroneal nerve palsy 腓总神经麻痹communicating hydrocephalus 交通性脑积水complete stroke 完全性卒中comprehension 听理解compressive myelopathy 脊髓压迫症computerized tomography angiography, CTA CT血管造影complex parial seizure, CPS复杂部分发作com plicated migraine 复杂型偏头痛computerized tomography, CT 电子计算机体层扫描concentric sclerosis 同心圆性硬化conduction aphasia, CA 传导性失语conduction deafness 传导性耳聋confusion 模糊congenital hydrocephalus 先天性脑积水congenital myotonia 先天性肌强直congenital porencephalia 脑穿通畸形connective tissue disease 结缔组织病consciousness 意识constitutive apraxia 结构性失用contraction fasciculation 收缩性肌束震颤convulsion 抽搐corneal reflex 角膜反射corneomandibular reflex 角膜下颌反射cortex 皮质cortical basal ganglia degeneration, CBGD 皮质基底节变性cortical blindness 皮质盲corticosteroid 皮质类固醇corticostriatospinal degeneration 皮质-纹状体-脊髓变性cremasteric reflex 提睾反射Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD 雅克病crossed hemiplegia 交叉性瘫痪cryptococcosis 新型隐球菌脑膜炎cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺cyclosporin A 环孢菌素Acytokine, CK 细胞因子cytomegalovirus encephalitis 巨细胞病毒性脑炎cytomegalovirus, CMV 巨细胞病毒cryptogenic 隐源性Ddaily chronic headache 慢性每日头痛deafness耳聋decerebrate rigidity 去大脑强直decorticate rigidity 去皮层强直decorticate syndrome 去皮层综合征deep brain stimulation, DBS 深部脑刺激术defibrase 降纤酶delavirdine 甲磺酸地拉韦定definite carrier 肯定携带者deformation 畸形degenerative dementing disorders变性病性痴呆Dejerine-Sottas disease Dejerine-Sottas病delirium 谵妄delta sign 上矢状窦空三角征dementia 痴呆dementia with Lewy body, DLB 路易体痴呆demyelination 脱髓鞘demyelinative diseases 脱髓鞘性疾病demyelinative myelitis 脱髓鞘性脊髓炎dentato-rubral pallidoluysian atophy, DRPLA 齿状核红核苍白球丘脑底核萎缩desease up-regulatory role 疾病上调作用developmental diseases of the nervous system 神经系统发育异常性疾病Devic’s disease Devic病dexamethasone 地塞米松diabetes 糖尿病diabetic neuropathy 糖尿病性周围神经病diagnostic puncture 诊断性穿刺diazepam 安定, 地西泮didanosine 去羟肌苷diffuse Lewy body disease, DLBD 弥散性路易体病diffuse sclerosis 弥漫性硬化digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影脑血管造影dihydroergotamine 二氨麦角胺diplopia 复视dipyridamole 潘生丁disability 残疾disorders of conciousness意识障碍dissociated sensory loss 分离性感觉丧失distal axonopathy 远端轴突病distal neuropathy 远端型神经病distal dystrophy 远端性肌营养不良distant vision 远视力dizziness 头晕Doll head test 玩偶头试验donepezil 多奈哌齐DR数字X线摄影dopamine receptor agonists 多巴胺受体激动剂dopamine receptor antagonists 多巴胺受体拮抗剂D-penicillamine D-青霉胺dressing apraxia 穿衣失用症drop attack 跌倒发作drunken gait 醉酒步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD Duchenne型肌营养不良症dying-back axonopathy 逆死性神经病dysarthria 构音障碍dysarthric-clumsy hand syndrome, DCHS 构音障碍-手笨拙综合征dysesthesia 感觉倒错dyskinesias 运动障碍dysmetria 辩距障碍dyspraxia 运用障碍dystonia 肌张力障碍dystrophin, Dys 抗肌萎缩蛋白dystrophin-associated protein 抗肌萎缩蛋白结合蛋白dystrophy 营养障碍DYT1 gene DYT1基因EDearavone 依达拉奉Efavirenz 依非韦轮EGR颅外肉芽肿性动脉炎electroencephalography, EEG 脑电图electroencephalography, EMG 肌电图electrotherapeutic modalities 电疗elephantiasis neuromatosia 神经纤维瘤性象皮病elimination half-life 半清除期embolic infarction 栓塞性脑梗死Emery-Dreifuss dystrophy埃-德型肌营养不良Encephalitis periaxalis diffusa 弥漫性轴周脑炎encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis 脑三叉神经血管瘤病enterovirus encephalitis 肠道病毒性脑炎entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病enviromental factor 环境因素end of dose deterioration 剂末恶化end-organ diseases终末-器官疾病entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病epidural blood patching 硬膜外血贴疗法epilepsia partialis continua 部分性癫痫持续状态epilepsy 癫痫eptastigmine 依斯的明Epstein-Barr virus, EBV EB病毒ergotamine 麦角胺erythema chronicum migrans, 慢性有走性红斑erythromelalgia 红斑肢痛症Estazolam艾司唑仑essential tremor, ET 特发性震颤, 原发性震颤ethambutolum, EMB 乙胺丁醇ethamsylate 止血敏ethosuxamide, ESX 乙琥胺etiologic diagnosis 定性诊断event-related potentials, ERP 事件相关电位evoked potential 诱发电位experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎experimental autoimmune neuritis, EAN 实验性自身免疫性神经炎extrapyramidal diseases 锥体外系疾病extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统eyelash sign 睫毛征Ffacial dyskinesia 面肌运动障碍facial myokymia 面部肌纤维颤搐facial spasm 面肌痉挛facial-oral apraxia 面-口失用症FAD家族性病facilitation technique 促通技术facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 面肩肱型肌营养不良症familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, FALS 家族性肌萎缩性侧索硬化family history 家族史fasciculation 肌束震颤fatal familial insomnia, FFI 致死性家族性失眠症felbamate, FBM 非氨酯femoral neuralgia 股神经痛festinating gait 慌张步态fibrillation 肌纤维性颤动finger-counting test 数指试验finger-nose tests 指鼻试验flaccid paralysis 弛缓性瘫痪floppy infant syndrome松软婴儿综合征fluconazole 氟康唑flucytosine,5-FU5-氟胞嘧啶fluoxetine 氟西汀Flurazepam氟西泮focal serzure局造性发作flexed neck test 屈颈试验flunarizine 氟桂利嗪forward transportation 正向运输free radical 自由基Friedreich ataxia, FRDA Friedreich共济失调Froin syndrome 弗洛因综合征frontal lobe dementia 额叶痴呆frontotemporal dementia 额颞痴呆functional MRI, f-MRI 功能性MRIfunctional reorganization 功能重组functional training 功能训练Ggabapentin, GBP 加巴喷丁gadolinium enhancement 钆强化gadolinium-DTPA 顺磁性造影剂钆gait disorders 步态异常gag reflex 咽反射gait of sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调步态ganciclovir 更昔洛韦ganglioside 基因诊断gene therapy 基因治疗ganglioneuritis 神经节神经炎gaze palsy 凝视麻痹generalized tonic-clonic seizure, GTCS 全面性强直-阵挛发作genetic susceptibility 遗传易感性germinal matrix 室管膜下细胞母基质germinal matrix 母基质Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome GSS综合征Glatiramer acetate 醋酸格拉太咪尔giant cell temporal arteritis 巨细胞颞动脉炎global aphasia, GA 完全性失语glosspharyngeal neuralgia 舌咽神经痛Gordon sign Gordon征grand mal 大发作granulovacuolar degeneration 颗粒空泡变性Guillain-Barré syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征HHachinski ischemia scale, HIS Hachinski缺血积分Hallerverden-Spatz disease 苍白球黑质红核色素变性handicap 残障headache 头痛heel-kneel-shin test 跟-膝-胫试验helper T cells type 1, Th1 辅助性T细胞1型helper T cells type 2, Th2 辅助性T细胞2型helical tube 螺旋管hemianopia 偏盲hemiatrophy 偏侧萎缩症hemiballismus 偏身投掷运动hematomyelia 脊髓出血hemichorea 偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm 偏侧面肌痉挛hemiplegia 偏瘫hemiplegic migraine偏瘫型偏头痛hemorrhagic infarct 出血性脑梗死hemorrhagic stroke 出血性卒中hepatitis B virus, HBV 乙型肝炎病毒hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD 肝豆状核变性hereditary ataxias 遗传性共济失调hereditary ataxias with muscular atrophy 遗传性共济失调伴肌萎缩hereditary spastic paraplegia,HSP 遗传性痉挛性截瘫hereditary dysautomonia 遗传性自主神经障碍hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, HMSN 遗传性运动感觉性神经病herpes simplex virus encephalitis 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎herpes zoster encephalitis 带状疱疹病毒性脑炎HLA phenotype HLA表型Hoffmann sign 霍夫曼征homonymous hemianopia 对侧同向性偏盲Horner’s syndrome 霍纳综合征24 hour intrathecal IgG synthesis rate 鞘内IgG24小时合成率HTLV-I associated myelopathy, HAM HTLV-I相关脊髓病human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒human T-lymphotropic virus type I, HTLV-I 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I型Huntington chorea 亨廷顿舞蹈病Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病Huntington protein 亨廷顿蛋白hyaline arterionecrosis 玻璃样小动脉坏死hyaline fatty change 玻璃样脂肪变hyalinosis 透明变性hydergine 海得琴hydrocephalus 脑积水hyperacusis 听觉过敏hyperaesthesia 感觉过敏hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, HyPP 高血钾型周期性瘫痪hyperkinesias 运动过多hyperpathia 感觉过度hyperpathia 痛觉过度hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hypertensive end-organ disease 高血压终末器官病hypertention 高血压hypokalemic periodic paralysis,HoPP 低钾型周期性瘫痪hysteric paralysis 癔病性瘫痪hysterical gait 癔病步态Iibuprophen 布洛芬ICP 颅内压ideational apraxia 观念性失用ideational motor apraxia 观念运动性失用ideomotor apraxia 观念运动性失用症idiopathic facial palsy 特发性面神经麻痹idiopathic torsion dystonia 特发性扭转性肌张力障碍idiopathic特发性IGA 颅内肉芽肿性动脉炎Imipramine 丙咪嗪idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压IFN- g g-干扰素IgG-index IgG指数immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunomodulating drugs 免疫调节剂immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂immunoblot免疫印迹impairment 残损inclusion body myositis,IBM 包涵体肌炎incoordination 协调运动障碍index events (临床)索引事件indinavir 印地那韦indomethacin 吲哚美辛intelligence 智能障碍insomnia 失眠inflammatory 炎症性疾病intention tremor 意向性震颤intercostal neuralgia 肋间神经痛interferon- a, IFN- a a-干扰素interferon- b, IFN- b b-干扰素interferon-b therapy b-干扰素疗法internal capsule 内囊internuclear ophthalmoplegia 核间性眼肌麻痹intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH 脑出血intracranial hypotension headache 低颅压性头痛intractable epilepsy 难治性癫intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG 静脉注射免疫球蛋白intrinsic factor 内因子involuntary movements 不自主运动ion channel disease 离子通道病iris hamartomas 虹膜异构体ischemic penumbra 缺血半暗带ischemic stroke 缺血性脑卒中isoniazidum, INH 异烟肼irtacomazole 伊曲康唑JJackson sign 杰克逊征Jackson’s seizure 杰克逊癫Jerk nystagmus 急动性眼震Jitter 颤抖Jitter baby 紧张不安婴儿Jolly test 疲劳试验KKayser-Fleischer ring K-F环角膜色素环Kearns-Sayre syndrome, KSS KSS 综合征kernicterus 核黄疸Kernig’s sign 克匿格征kinetic apraxia 运动性失用症Klippel-Feil deformation Klippel-Feil畸形Knee clonus 髌阵挛knee phenomenon, patellar tendon reflex 膝腱反射Kojewnikow seizure 单纯部分性运动发作持续状态kuru disease Kuru病Llaboratory-supported dignosed MS, LSDMS 实验室检查支持确诊的多发性硬化laboratory-supported probable MS, LSPMS 实验室检查支持可能的多发性硬化lacunar infarct 腔隙性梗死lacunar state 腔隙状态lacunar syndrome 腔隙综合征laminin 层粘蛋白lamivudine 拉米夫定Lambert-Eaton syndrome, LEMS 肌无力综合征laminin 基质蛋白lamotrigine, LTG 拉莫三嗪Landry ascending paralysis Landry上升性麻痹Landry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl syndromeLandry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl综合征Lasegue’s sign 直腿抬高实验Late-life migraine 晚发性偏头痛lateral cerebral ventriculus 侧脑室lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy 股外侧皮神经炎lateral sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成lead-pipe rigidity 铅管样强直Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Lennox-Gastaut综合征Learned sleep-preventing associations 习得性阻睡联想leptospirosis 钩端螺旋体病lesion 病理灶leukemia 白血病leukoaraiosis 脑白质疏松症levodopa, L-Dopa 左旋多巴Lewy body 路易小体Lewy body variant of Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer病路易体型light reflex of pupils 瞳孔光反射limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 肢带型肌营养不良症Lisch modules Lisch结节Little disease 脑性痉挛性双侧瘫痪local pain 局部性疼痛locked-in syndrome 闭锁综合征Lorazepam 劳拉西泮low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白基因lower motor neuron 下运动神经元lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺Lyme disease 莱姆病lymphoma 淋巴瘤MMacewen’s sign Macewen征(破壶音)Machado-Joseph disease, MJD MJD病Macular sparing 黄斑回避mad cow disease, MCD 疯牛病Madopar 美多芭magnetic resonance spetroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱检查法magnetic resornance angiography, MRA 磁共振成像血管造影magnetic resornance imaging, MRI 磁共振成像magnetoencepha1ography, MEG 脑磁图major stroke 大卒中manual therapy techniques 手法治疗技术Marinesco-Sjogren syndrone Marinesco-Sjogren综合征mass reflex 总体反射maternal inheritance 母系遗传marchepetit pas 小步态masked face 面具脸matrix (subependymal) hemorrhage in premature infants 早产儿基质(室管膜下)出血medullated fibers 有髓神经纤维Meige syndrome 眼睑痉挛-口、下颌肌张力Melodinetic apraxia 肢体运动性失用症memory impairment记忆障碍Méniere disease 梅尼埃病, 内耳眩晕病meningismus 脑膜刺激征meralgia paresthesia 感觉异常性股痛metachromatic leudodystrophy 异染性脑白质营养不良metabolic neuropathy 代谢性神经病Methotrexate, MTX 氨甲蝶呤Methylprednisolone 甲基强的松龙Methylprednisolone 甲基泼尼松龙Midazolam 咪达唑仑midodrine hydrochloride 盐酸米多君migaine equivalents 偏头痛等位症migraine 偏头痛migraine with aura 有先兆的偏头痛migraine without aura无先兆的偏头痛migrainous infarction 偏头痛性梗死mild cognitive impairment 轻度认知障碍milkmaid grip 挤奶妇手法Miller-Fisher syndrome, MFS Miller-Fisher综合征mini-mental state examine, MMSE 简易精神状态检查量表minor stroke 小卒中mitochndrial DNA, Mt DNA 线粒体DNAmitochndrial encephalomyopathies 线粒体脑肌病mitochndrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke, MELAS线粒体肌病伴乳酸血症和卒中样发作mitochndrial myopathies 线粒体肌病mitochondrial encephalopathy 线粒体脑病Mniere disease 内耳性眩晕MLF内侧纵束mixed transcortical aphasia, MTA 经皮层混合性失语modified PMH with motor aphasia 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并运动性失语molecular mimicry 分子模拟monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance,MGUS 良性单克隆丙种球蛋白病血症mononeuropathy 单神经病mononuclear cells, MNC 单个核细胞monophasic course 单相型病程monoplegia 单瘫motor apraxia 运动性失用motor evoked potential 症状波动motor evoked potential, MEP 运动诱发电位motor neuron disease, MND 运动神经元病movement disorders 运动障碍疾病Moyamoya disease 烟雾病multifocal motor neuropathy, MMN 多灶性运动神经病multi-infarct dementia, MID 多梗死性痴呆multiple infarct 多发性脑梗死multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化multiple subpial transection 多处软脑膜下横切术multiple system atrophy, MSA 多系统萎缩multiple tics-coprolalia syndrome, Tourette syndrome, TS 抽动秽语综合征muscle force 肌力muscular disorders 肌肉疾病muscular tension 肌张力myasthenia gravis, MG 重症肌无力myasthenic crisis 肌无力危象mycoplasma pneumonia, MP 肺炎支原体myelin associated glycoprotein, MAG 髓鞘素结合糖蛋白myelin basic protein, MBP 髓鞘素碱性蛋白myelin oligodentrocyte glycoprotein, MOG 少突胶质细胞糖蛋白myelin regeneration 髓鞘再生myelinopathies髓鞘病mycotic霉菌性mycophenolate 骁悉myelitis of noninfectious inflammatory type 非感染性炎症型脊髓炎myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers, MERRF 肌阵挛性癫伴肌肉破碎红纤维myodil 碘苯酯myoid cell 肌样细胞myokymia 肌纤维颤搐myopathic gait 肌病步态myosin 肌球蛋白myotonia 肌强直myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症myotonin protein dinase 肌强直蛋白激酶Nnaproxen 萘普生narcolepsy 发作性睡病ndex events 索引事件nelfinavir 奈非那韦near vision 近视力neostigmine test 新斯的明试验neostriatum 新纹状体nerve conduction velocity, NCV 神经传导速度nerve deafness 感音性耳聋nerve root 神经根neuralgia 神经痛neurapraxia 神经失用neurodegenerative diseases 神经变性疾病neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs 神经原纤维缠结neurofibromatosis, NF 神经纤维瘤病neurogenic orthostatic hypotension 神经源性体位性低血压neurokinin A 神经激肽Aneurologic examination 神经系统检查neurological rehabilitation, NR 神经康复neurology 神经病学neuromuscular junction, NMJ 神经-肌肉接头neuromyelitis optica, NMO 视神经脊髓炎neuronal degeneration 神经元变性neuronopathies 神经元病neuroscience 神经科学neurosyphilis 神经梅毒neurotmesis 神经断伤neurotropic virus 嗜神经病毒nightmares 梦魇nimodipine 尼莫地平Nitrazepam 硝西泮non aneurysmal SAH, nA-SAH 非动脉瘤性SAHnon-rapid eye movement,NREM非快速眼球运动norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素non-medullated fibers 无髓神经纤维normal kalemic periodic paralysis 正常血钾型周期性瘫痪noseresthesia 感觉倒错nuclear ophthalmoplegia 核性眼肌麻痹nystagmus 眼球震颤Oobstructive hydrocephalus 阻塞性脑积水obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征occipital neuralgia 枕神经痛occupational therapy, OT 作业治疗ocular dystrophy 眼肌型肌营养不良oculocardiac reflex 眼心反射oculocephalic reflex 头眼反射oculopharyngeal dystrophy 眼咽型肌营养不良oculovestibular 眼前庭反射oily face 脂颜alanzapine 奥氮平oligoclonal bands, OB 寡克隆带olivopontocerebellar atrophy, OPCA 橄榄脑桥小脑萎缩one and a half syndrome 一个半综合征ophthalmoplegia 眼肌麻痹ophthalmoplegia-ataxia-areflexia syndrome 眼肌麻痹-共济失调-深反射消失综合征ophthalmopkegia migraine 眼肌麻痹型偏头痛opisthotonos 角弓反张Oppenheim sign Oppenheim征optic neuritis, ON 视神经炎oromandibular dystonia 口-下颌肌张力障碍orthopaedics 矫形Oxazepam奥沙西泮Ppain 疼痛painful ophthalmopbegia 痛性眼肌麻痹paired helical filaments, PHFs 双股螺旋细丝palatal reflex 软腭反射paleostriatum 旧纹状体pallidotomy 苍白球毁损术palmomental reflex 掌颌反射Pandy test Pandy 实验pandysautonimia 全自主神经功能不全paraesthesia 感觉异常paralysis 瘫痪paralysis agitans, shaking palsy 震颤麻痹paralysis of abducens nerve 外展神经麻痹paralysis of oculomotor nerve 动眼神经麻痹paralysis of trochlear nerve 滑车神经麻痹paraneoplastic neuropathy 副肿瘤性神经病paraplegia 截瘫paraplegia of isolated muscle groups 孤立性肌群瘫痪parasomnias异态睡眠paraspinal 脊旁肌营养不良parasympathetic nervous system 副交感神经系统paresthesia 感觉异常Parinaud syndrome 帕里诺综合征Parkin gene Parkin基因Parkinson disease with dementia 帕金森病合并痴呆Parkinson’s disease 帕金森病parkinsonism 帕金森综合征paroxysmal depolarization shift, PDS 发作性去极化漂移partial seizures 部分性发作past history 既往史patellar clonus 髌阵挛pathological diagnosis 病理学诊断penobarbital, PB 苯巴比妥pentoxifylline 已酮可可碱peak-dose dyskinesia 剂峰运动障碍pendular nustagmus 钟摆样眼震perfusion-weighted imaging, PWI MR灌注加权成像pergolide培高利特periodic paralysis 周期性瘫痪peripheral nerve 周围神经peripheral nervous system, PNS 周围神经系统peripheral nervous 周围性眼肌麻痹PET 正电子发射断层扫描periventricular leukomalacia 脑室旁白质软化persistent vegetative state 持续性植物状态personal history 个人史petit mal 小发作phenytoin 苯妥英纳pharmacological causes 药物性原因physical causes 躯体性原因physiological causes 生理性原因phenylethyl malonamide 苯乙基丙二酰胺phenytoin, PHT 苯妥英physical agents and mechanical modalities 理疗和器械治疗physical therapy, PT 物理治疗physostigmine 毒扁豆碱Pick complex Pick综合征Pick's disease Pick病pill-rolling-like tremor 搓丸样震颤pimozide 哌咪清plantar reflex 跖反射plasma cell dyscrasia 浆细胞恶液质plasma exchange, PE 血浆交换platybasia 扁平颅底pleocytosis 脑脊液单个核细胞增多plexus chorioideus 脉络丛PMH sparing the face 纯运动性轻偏瘫无面瘫PMH with confusion 纯运动性轻偏瘫伴有精神混乱PMH with crossed sixth-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并外展神经交叉瘫PMH with crossed third-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并动眼神经交叉瘫PMH with horizontal gaze palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并水平性凝视麻痹POEMS syndrome POEMS综合征poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎polymerase chain reaction, PCR 聚合酶链反应polymyositis, PM 多发性肌炎polyneuropathy 多发性神经病polyneuropathy, PN 多发性周围神经病porphyrian disease 卟啉病positron emission tomography, PET 正电子发射断层扫描PPRF 脑桥旁正中网状结构Praziquantel 吡喹酮possible carrier 可能携带者postinfectious encephalomyelitis 感染后脑脊髓炎postural tremor 姿势性震颤prednison 强的松presenilin 1, PS1 早老素1基因presenilin 2, PS2 早老素2基因present history 现病史prethrombotic state 血栓前状态primary lateral sclerosis 原发性侧索硬化primary progressive aphasia 原发性进行性失语prion dementia without spastic paraparesis 朊蛋白痴呆伴痉挛性截瘫prion dementia without characteristic pathology朊蛋白痴呆prion disease 朊蛋白病prion protein, PrP SC, PrP CJD朊蛋白probable carrier 很可能携带者professional spasm 职业性痉挛progressive bulbar palsy 进行性延髓麻痹progressive external ophthamoplegia, PEO 进行性眼外肌痹progressive MS 进展型多发性硬化progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, PML 进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy, PMD 进行性肌营养不良症progressive rubella panencephalitis, PRP 进行性风疹全脑炎progressive spinal muscular atrophy, PSMA 进行性脊肌萎缩症progressive stroke 进展性卒中prolonged depolaarizing shift,PDS 延长的去极化漂移propranolol 心得安progressive supranuclear palsy, PSP 进行性核上性麻痹proteolipid protein, PLP 含脂质蛋白pseudobulbar palsy 假性球麻痹pseudoepileptic seizures 假性癫痫发作pseudohypertrophy 假性肥大pseudoneuroma 精神性原因psychiatric symptoms 精神症状psychological causes心理性原因psychophysiological insomnia 心理生理性失眠pure motor hemiparesis, PMH 纯运动性轻偏瘫pure sensory stroke, PSS 纯感觉性卒中Pussep sign Pussep征pyrazinamidum, PZA 吡嗪酰胺pyridostigmine bromide 溴吡斯的明Qqualitative diagnosis 定性诊断Queckenstedt test压颈试验Rradial reflex 桡反射radiating 浣熊眼radiating pain 放射性疼痛ragged-red fibers, RRF 破碎红纤维rapid eye movement,REM快速眼球运动Ranvier node Ranvier结Raynaud disease 雷诺病Recurrence of hemorrhage 再出血rebound phenomenon 回弹现象referred pain 牵涉性疼痛reflex epilepsy反射性癫痫Refsum disease 遗传性共济失调性多发性神经病Refsum disease 殖烷酸累积症reginal cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量rehabilitation therapy 康复治疗relapsing course 复发型病程relapsing type of AIDP 复发型AIDPrelapsing-remiting MS 复发-缓解型多发性硬化REM sleep behavior disorder,RBD REM睡眠行为障碍Reminyl 加兰他敏reperfusion damage 再灌注损伤repetition 复述restless legs syndrome, RLS不安腿综合征repetitive nerve stimulation, RNS 重复神经电刺激resting tremor 静止性震颤retraction reflex 头后仰反射retrovirus 逆转录病毒reverse transportation 反向(逆向)运输reverse first-night effect 首夜颠倒效应reversible ischemic neurological defict, RIND 可逆性缺血性神经功能缺失risperidone 维思通ritonavir 利托那韦rheumatic chorea 风湿性舞蹈病rifampicinum, RFP 利福平rigidity 肌强直riluzole 力鲁唑Rinne test Rinne试验Romberg sign 闭目难立征Rossolimo sign 罗索利莫征rt-PA 重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活剂ryanodine receptor, RYR ryanodine受体Ssatellite cells 卫星细胞Schaeffer sign Schaeffer征schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病Schwann cells Schwann细胞Saquinavir 沙奎那韦sciatica 坐骨神经痛scissors gait 剪刀步态seizure 痫性发作seizure focus 致灶selective posterior rhizotomy, SPR 选择性脊神经后根切断术selegillin 司来吉兰senile plaques 老年斑sensorimotor stroke, SMS 感觉运动性卒中sertraline 舍曲林sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调sensory disturbance 感觉障碍shadow plaques 影斑区Shy-Drager syndrome, SDS 特发性体位性直立性低血压sigmoideus sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成silent stroke 静息性卒中single photon emission computed tomography, SPECT 单光子发射计算机断层sinemet 帕金宁，息宁Sjogren syndrome 干燥综合征Situation related epileptic seizure 状态关联性癫痫发作SK 链激酶smoking 吸烟snout reflex 口轮匝肌反射somatosensory evoked potentials, SEP 躯体感觉诱发电位somnolence 嗜睡sleep terror 睡惊症sleep walding 睡行症smoking 吸烟somatostatin 生长抑素sparing of macular vision 黄斑回避southern blot DNA印迹技术spasmodic torticollis 痉挛性斜颈spastic hemiplegic gait 痉挛性偏瘫步态spastic paralysis 痉挛性瘫痪spastic paraparetic gait 痉挛性截瘫步态spastical paraplegia 痉挛性截瘫speech expression 语言表达speech therapy, ST 语言治疗spinal muscular atrophy, SMA 脊髓肌萎缩症spinal shock 脊髓休克survival motor neuron(SMN) 运动神经元生存基因spinal TIA 脊髓短暂性缺血发作spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA 脊髓小脑性共济失调spreading pain 扩散性疼痛static tremor 静止性震颤status epilepticus 癫痫持续状态status migrainosus偏头痛持续状态stavudine 司他夫定steady state 稳态steal syndrome 盗血综合征steppage gait 跨阈步态stiff-person syndrome 僵人综合征。
神经科学核心辞汇翻译
精要速览系列（影印版）Instant Notes Neuroscience神经科学……………核心词汇翻译参考手册……………………按章节顺序：Section A Brain cellsA1 Neuron structureNeuron 神经细胞，神经元Subcellular organelles 亚细胞器Nissl body 尼氏体神经元中的粗面内质网形成的聚合物。
Neurite 神经突Axon 轴突Dendrite 树突Mitochondria 线粒体dendritic spines 树突脊树突在神经元上分化成几百个微小投射。
axon hillock 轴丘myelin sheath 髓鞘axon collalterals 轴突分枝terminals 突触末稍varicosities 曲张体microtubules 微管cytoskeleton 细胞骨架A2 Classes and numbers of neuronsMorphology 形态学Neurotranmitters 神经递质Unipolar 单极神经元仅有一个树突的神经元。
Bipolar 双极神经元Multipolar 多极神经元Pseudounipolar 假单极神经元生长出两个神经突，但随后融合Pyramidal cell 锥体细胞Purkinje cell 浦肯野氏细胞Projection neuron 投射神经元拥有长轴突的神经元Interneurons 中间神经元拥有短的轴突的神经元Afferent 传入Efferent 传出Sensory neuron 感觉神经元Motor neuron 运动神经元A3 Morphology of chemical synapseselectrical synapse 电突触chemical synapse 化学突触synaptic cleft 突触间隙axodendritic synapse 轴树突触轴突与树突之间的突触axosomatic synapse 轴体突触axoaxonal synapse 轴轴突触small clear synaptic vesicles(SSVs) 小清楚突触囊泡在突触前神经元存在的贮存递质的囊泡dense projections 致密突起active zone 活性区域postsynaptic density 突触致密物质large dense-core vesicles 庞大致密度中心囊泡A4 glial cells and myelinationGlial cells 胶质细胞是神经细胞的辅助细胞Astrocytes 星状细胞Oligodendrocytes 寡突细胞Schwann cells 许旺氏细胞围绕在神经细胞外的一种胶质细胞，形成髓鞘。
神经系统外文词汇
entrapyramidal tract锥体束外的 pyramidal 锥体的
pyramidal sign锥体束征 pyramidotomy锥体束切断术
cerebrology脑学 cerebromalacia脑软化
cerebropathy脑病 cerebrosclerosis脑硬化
cerebroside脑苷脂 cerebrotomy剖脑术；脑切开术
四、 小脑cerebello-
dendritic cell 树状细胞 dendrotoxin 树眼睛蛇毒素
dendroclimatology 示气候学 dendritic spine树突棘
dendrophysis 树状隔丝
dendritic cell neoplasmdendritic cell neoplasm树突状细胞肿瘤
synaptogenesis突触发生 synaptoneurosome突触神经小体
synaptolemma突触膜 synaptology突触学
二十、交感神经的sympatho-
sympathetic nerve 交感神经 sympathetic trunk 交感神经干
lateral pyramidal tract椎体侧束 pyramid of vermis 蚓锥体
十六、神经根radiculo-
radiculopathy神经根病 myeloradiculopathy脊髓神经根病
radiculitis 脊神经根炎 radiculoneuritis 神经根神经炎
ventriculocentesis 脑室穿刺术 ventriculogram 脑室造影片
(完整版)神经内科常用英语
神经病学常见名词（英－中对照）Aabducent nerve 展神经(第2章第1节)abnormal sensation 感觉异常(第2章第2节）abstract thinking 抽象思维（第3章第2节)accessory nerve 副神经(第2章第1节）ACh 乙酰胆碱（第17章第1节)AChR 乙酰胆碱受体(第17章第1节)aciclovir 阿昔洛韦（第9章第2节）acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（第9章第8节）acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,ADEM 急性播散性脑脊髓炎(第10章第2节）acute onset 急性发病（第3章第1节)acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, AIDP 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（第6章第3节）acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy，AMSAN 急性运动感觉性轴索型神经病（第6章第3节)acute motor axonal neuropathy，AMAN 急性运动性轴索型神经病(第6章第3节）acute myelitis 急性脊髓炎(第7章第2节）acyclovir 无环鸟苷(第6章第3节)affect 情感（第3章第2节）affective disorders or mood disorders 情感(心境)障碍(第20章第1节）agiaphia 失写（第3章第4节）agnosia 失认症（第3章第4节)akinetic mutism 无动性缄默（第3章第3节)Akineton 安克痉(第11章第2节)Alzheimer disease，AD 老年性痴呆(阿尔茨海默病）(第14章第3节)Amantadine 金刚烷胺(第11章第2节)ambulatory EEG monitoring 可动式脑电图描记（第4章第3节)amobarbitalum 异戊巴比妥(第12章)amphetamine 苯丙胺（第12章)amipaque 甲泛葡胺（第4章第2节）amyloid precursor protein，APP 淀粉样蛋白前体基因(第14章第3节）amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS 肌萎缩侧索硬化（第14章第2节)ancrod 安克洛酶（第8章第4节）anesthesia 感觉缺失（第2章第2节)anhedonia 快感缺失（第20章）anticipation 遗传早现现象（第15章第2节）apallic syndrome 去皮质综合征(第3章第3节）apiaxia 失用症(第3章第4节）apolipoprotein E4，ApoE4 载脂蛋白E4 （14章第3节）Argyll—Robertson pupil 阿罗瞳孔(第2章第1节）Arnold—Chiari malformation 阿诺德-基亚里畸形(第7章第6节)aspirin 阿司匹林(第8章第3节）ataxia 共济失调（第2章第3节）atenolol 阿替洛尔（第13章）athetosis 手足徐动症(第2章第3节）ATP 三磷酸腺苷(第17章第1节, 第8章第4节)atrial fibrillation, AF 心房纤颤(第8章第2节）atypical absences 不典型失神发作(第12章)automatism 自动症（第12章)autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统（第19章第1节）autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia，ADCA 常染色体显性小脑共济失调(第15章第2节）autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy 常染色体显性遗传夜间额叶癫痫（第12章)axonal degeneration 轴突变性（第6章第1节)azathioprine 硫唑嘌呤(第10章第3节）B 返回顶部Babinski sign 巴宾斯基征（第7章第1节)baclofen 氯苯胺丁酸（第15章第2节,第10. 章第3节）basal nucleus 基底核（第2章第5节)basilar impression 颅底凹陷症又称颅底压迹（第16 章第4节）bat wing 蝙蝠翅样（第10章第6节）batroxobin 巴曲酶（第8章第4节）bengin neonatal convulsion 良性新生儿惊厥(第12章）bengin myoclonic epilepsy in infancy 良性婴儿肌阵挛性癫痫(第12章）benign familial neonatal convulsion 良性家族性新生儿惊厥（第12章)benign neonatal familial convulsion 良性新生儿家族性惊厥（第12章）benign childhood epilepsy with centro—temporal spike 有中央—颞部棘波的良性儿童癫痫（第12章) Binswanger disease 慢性进行性皮质脱髓鞘脑病（第10章第1节）biphasic dyskinesia 双相运动障碍（第11章第2节）border zone infarction 边缘带梗死边缘带梗死（第8章第4节）botulinum toxin type A，BTX A型肉毒毒素(第6章第2节)brachial neuritis 臂丛神经炎(第6章第3节）bradykinesia 运动迟缓（第11章第2节）brain stem 脑干（第2章第5节）brittle crisis 反拗危象（第17章第2)bromocriptine 溴隐亭（第11章第2节）Brown—Sequard syndrome 布朗—塞卡尔综合征（第7章第1节）burning feet 烧灼足(第16章第3节）C 返回顶部cabergoline 卡麦角林（第11章第2节）calcitonoin gene—related peptide 降钙素基因相关肽（第13章）calculation 计算力（第3章第2节）carcinomatous necrotizing myelopathy 坏死性脊髓病(第18章）carpal tunnel syndrome 腕管综合征（第6章第1节）cdk5 cyclin—dependent kinases 5 细胞周期依赖性激酶5 （第14 章第4节）central pontine myelinolysis,CPM 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症(第10 章第6节）cerebellum 小脑（第2章第5节)cerebral amyloid angiopathy，CAA 淀粉样脑血管病（第8章第5节)cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy, CADASIL 脑常染色体显性遗传脑动脉病伴皮质下梗死及白质脑病(第16章第1节)cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA 脑淀粉样血管病（第7章第6节，第8章第5节)cerebral watershed infarction，CWSI 脑分水岭梗死（第8章第4节）cerebral infarction 脑梗死（第8章第4节）cerebral cysticercosis 脑囊虫病（第9章第6节)cerebral paragonimiasis 脑型肺吸虫病（第9章第6节）cerebral malaria 脑型疟疾（第9章第6节）cerebral schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病（第9章第6节）cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪（第16章第3节）cerebral blood flow，CBF 脑血流量（第8章第1节）cerebral ischemic stroke 缺血性脑卒中(第8章第4节）cerebral embolism 栓塞(第8章第4节）cerebrospinal fluid,CSF 脑脊液（第4章第1节）cerebrovascular disease 脑血管疾病（第8章第1节)ceruloplasmin，CP 铜蓝蛋白（第11章第5节)Charcot—Marie—Tooth disease，CMT 腓骨肌萎缩症(第15章第4节)chief complaint 主诉（第3章第1节）childhood absence epilepsy 儿童期失神癫痫（第12章）childhood epilepsy with occipital parosysms 具枕区放电的良性儿童癫痫（第12章）cholinergic crisis 胆碱能危象（第17章第2节）chore minor，CM 小舞蹈病（第11章第3节)choreic hand 舞蹈病手姿(第11章第3节）choreic movement 舞蹈样运动（第2章第3节）chronic or insidious onset 慢性发病（第3章第1节)chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy，CIDP 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（第6章第3节)cidafovir 西多福韦（第9章第2节)clobazam 氯巴占（第12章）cocaine 可卡因(第12章）cochlear nerve 蜗神经（第2章第1节）coma 昏迷（第3章第2节）coma vigil 睁眼昏迷（第3章第3节）common peroneal nerve palsy 腓总神经麻痹（第6章第3节）communicating hydrocephalus 交通性脑积水（第16章第2节）computed tomography,CT 电子计算机体层扫描(第4章第2节）Comtan 柯丹（第11章第2节）Conduction aphasia 传导性失语(第3章第4节）confabulation 虚构（第3章第2节）confusion 错乱(第3章第2节）congenital Diseases of the Nervous System 神经系统先天性疾病(第16 章第1节）congenital myotonia 先天性肌强直症(第17章第6节）congenital hydrocephalus 先天性脑积水（第16章第2节）corticosteroids 皮质类固醇（第6章第3节）cranial nerves 脑神经（第2章第1节)crossed hemiplegia 交叉瘫（第2章第3节）cryptococcus neoformans 新型隐球菌（第9章第4节）cryptococcus meningitis 新型隐球菌脑膜炎(第9章第4节）cryptococcus meningitis 隐球菌性脑膜炎（第9章第4节)cryptogenic 隐源性的（第12章）cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺(第10章第3节）cyclosporine A 环孢素A （第17章第2节)cyproheptadine 赛庚啶(第13章）cytoprotective time window, CTW 神经保护时间窗（第8章第4节）cytosine arabinoside 阿糖胞苷(第9章第5节)D 返回顶部Decerebrate rigidity 去大脑强直(第3章第3节）deep brain stimulation 深部脑刺激（第11章第2节）deep reflexes 深反射(第2章第4节）defibrase 降纤酶(第8章第4节)degenerative disease of the nervous system 神经系统变性疾病(第14章）delirium 谵妄（第13章第2节）depreny 丙炔苯丙胺(第11章第2节）depression without psychotic symptoms 无精神病性症状的抑郁症(第20 章第2节)depression with psychotic symptoms 有精神病性症状的抑郁症（第20 章第2节）depressive representation of nervous system disease 神经系统疾病的抑郁表现（第20章第1节）depressive episode 抑郁发作（第20章第2节）desesthsia 感觉倒错（第2.章第2节）diamox 乙酰唑胺（第12章）diencephalon 间脑(第2章第5节）diffuse myelitis 播散性脊髓炎(第7章第2节)difusion-weighted Imaging，DWI 弥散加权成像（第4章第2节）digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影血管造影（第4章第2节)diplopia 复视（第2章第1节）disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System 自主神经系统疾病（第19章第1节）distal symmentric sensory neuropathy 远端对称性感觉性神经病(第9 章第8节)distal axonopathy 远端轴突病(第6章第3节）disturbance of body image 体像障碍（第3章第4节）disturbance of cranial nerve 脑神经障碍(第3章第1节)doll's eye phenomenon 娃娃眼现象（第3章第3节）drop attack 跌倒发作跌倒发作（第8章第3节）dyskinesia 运动障碍（第11章第2节）dystonia musculorum deformans 变形性肌张力障碍(第11章第6节)dystonia 肌张力障碍(第11章第2节）dystrophin 肌萎缩蛋白(第15章第1节）dystrophin 抗肌萎缩蛋白（第17章第5节）E 返回顶部electroencephalography 脑电图（第12章）electromyography，EMG 肌电图（第4章第3节）encephalo-facial angiomatosis 脑面血管瘤病（第15章第5节)end of dose deterioration 剂末恶化（第11章第2节）endocrinopathy 内分泌病（第6章第3节）epilepsy 癫痫（第12章）epilepsy with myoclonic—astatic seizures 具肌阵挛-失张力发作性癫痫（第12章）epilepsy with generalized tonic—clonic seizure on awaking 觉醒时全身强直—阵挛性癫痫（第12章) epilepsy with myoclonic absences 有肌阵挛失神发作的癫痫（第12章）epithalamus 上丘脑（第8章第5节）erythromelagia 红斑肢痛症(第19章第3节）essential tremor，ET 特发性震颤（第11章第7节)etiologic diagnosis 定性诊断（第5章）event-related potential, ERP 事件相关电位(第4章第3节）evidence-based medicine, EBM 循证医学（第8章第1节）exacerbation 加重（第3章第1节）experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis，EAE 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（第10章第3节）F 返回顶部facial spasm 面肌痉挛(第6章第2节）facial nerve 面神经(第2章第1节)familial Alzheimer disease，FAD 家族性Alzheimer病（第14章第3节）familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis fALS 家族性肌萎缩侧索硬化（第14章第2节）fasciculation 肌束震颤（第6章第1节）fast twitch fibers 快缩肌纤维（第11章第2节)felbamate 非氨酯（第12章）fibrillation 肌纤维颤动（第17章第1节）fibrinogen，Fg 纤维蛋白原（第8章第2节)flunarizine 盐酸氟桂嗪（第8章第3节)fluoxetine 氟西汀(第13章）focal neuropathy 局灶性神经病（第6章第3节)Foville syndrome 脑桥内侧综合征(第8章第4节）Froin syndrome 弗洛因综合征(第4章第1节）frontal lobe 额叶（第2章第5节）frontal lobe epilepsy 额叶癫痫（第12章）functional magnetic resonance image, fMRI 功能性磁共振成像（第4章第2节)furosemide 速尿（第8章第4节）G 返回顶部GABA γ—氨基丁酸（第1 2章）gabapentin，GBP 加巴喷丁（第12章）gancilovir 刚昔洛韦（第9章第2节)gene therapy 基因治疗（第15章第1节)generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus 全面性癫痫伴热性发作重叠综合征（第12章）genetic disease 遗传性疾病（第15章第5节)glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经（第2章第1节）granular electron dense osmiophilic material，GOM 颗粒性电子致密嗜锇物质（第8 章第8节）Guillain-Barré syndrome, GBS 吉兰-巴雷综合征(格林-巴利综合征)（第6 章第3节）H 返回顶部hamartin 错构瘤蛋白（第15章第5节)headache 头痛（第3章第1节）hemiballismus 偏身投掷运动（第2章第3节）hemiglobe 大脑半球（第2章第.5节）hemiplegia 偏瘫（第2章第3节）hemorrhagic infarction, HI 出血性梗死（第8章第4节）heparin 肝素（第8章第3节)hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD 肝豆状核变性（第11章第5节）hereditary ataxia 遗传性共济失调（第15章第2节）hereditary ataxia with muscular atrophy 遗传性共济失调伴肌萎缩(第15章第4节）hereditary spastic paraplegia, HSP 遗传性痉挛性截瘫(第15章第3节)heriditary motor sensory neuropathy，HMSN 遗传性运动感觉性神经病（第6 章第3节) herpes simplex virus，HSV 单纯疱疹病毒（第9章第2节）herpes simplex virus encephalitis,HSE 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎(第9章第2节）hippocampus 海马（第14章第3节）homocysteine, Hcy 同型半胱氨酸（第8章第2节）Horner syndrome 霍纳综合征(第7章第1节）human immunodeficiency virus,HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒（第9章第8节)Huntingtin 亨廷素（第11章第4节）Huntington disease，HD 亨廷顿病（第11章第4节）Huntington chorea 亨廷顿舞蹈病（第11章第4节）hyperesthesia 感觉过敏（第2。
神经系统词汇中英对照
神经系统词汇中英对照神经系统是由神经元这种特化细胞的网络所构成的器官系统，调节动物的动作与在其身体的不同部位间传递讯号。
店铺为大家整理了神经系统词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!神经系统词汇中英对照一：dura mater 硬脑膜arachnoid 蛛网膜pia mater 软脑膜basilar artery 基底动脉cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液Nervous System 神经系统peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统neuron 神经元neuroglia 神经胶质nucleus 神经核tract 神经束ganglion 神经节nerve 神经spinal nerves 脊神经cervical plexus 颈丛phrenic nerve 膈神经brachial plexus 臂丛longthoracic nerve 胸长神经thoracodorsal nerve 胸背神经axillary nerve 腋神经musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经median nerve 正中神经ulnar nerve 尺神经radial nerve 桡神经thoracic nerves 胸神经intercostal nerve 肋间神经lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干femoral nerve 股神经obturator nerve 闭孔神经sacral plexus 骶丛sciatic nerve 坐骨神经tibial nerve 胫神经common peroneal nerve 腓总神经superficial peroneal nerve 腓浅神经deepp eroneal nerve 腓深神经cranial nerves 脑神经olfactory nerve 神经optic nerve 视神经oculomotor nerve 动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve 三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经facial nerve 面神经vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经vagus nerve 迷走神经accessory nerve 副神经hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经visceral nervous system 内脏神经系autonomic nervous system 自主神经系vegetative nervous system 植物性神经系sympathetic nerve 交感神经parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经central nervous system 中枢神经系统spinal cord 脊髓gray matter 灰质white matter 白质substantia gelatinosa 胶状质nucleus thoracicus 胸核fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑pyramid 锥体神经系统词汇中英对照二：inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚fourth ventricle 第四脑室rhomboid fossa 菱形窝striae medullaris 髓纹hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角vagal trigone 迷走神经三角area postrema 最后区obex 闩medial eminence 内侧隆起facial colliculus 面丘vestibular area前庭区acoustic tubercle 听结节middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚inferior colliculus 下丘superior colliculus 上丘crus cerebri 大脑脚cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管medial lemniscus 内侧丘系spinal trigeminal tract 三叉神经脊髓束spinal trigeminal nucleus 三叉神经脊束核solitary nucleus 孤束核nucleus ambiguus 疑核pontine nuclei 脑桥核trapezoid body 斜方体lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系locus ceruleus 蓝斑substantia nigra 黑质red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构raphe nuclei 中缝核cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑thalamus 丘脑metathalamus 后丘脑epithalamus 上丘脑subthalamus 底丘脑hypothalamus 下丘脑opticchiasma 视交叉telencephalon (cerebrum) 端脑(大脑) temporal lobe 颞叶frontal lobe 额叶parietal lobe 顶叶occipital lobe 枕叶insula 岛叶limbic lobe 边缘叶corpus callosum 胼胝体central sulcus 中央沟lateral sulcus 外侧沟parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟calcarine sulcus 距状沟precentral gyrus 中央前回postcentral gyrus 中央后回angular gyrus 角回supramarginal gyrus 缘上回lingual gyrus 舌回cuneus gyrus 楔回dentate gyrus 齿状回parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回uncus (海马旁回)钩paracentral lobule 旁中央小叶cingulate gyrus 扣带回lateral ventricle 侧脑室basal nuclei 基底核caudate nucleus 尾状核lentiform nucleus 豆状核putamen 壳globus palidus 苍白球corpus striatum 纹状体fornix 穹窿internal capsule 内囊cerebral cortex 大脑皮质。
神经科学中英文名词
Quadrangular lobule 简单小叶 Simple lobule 上半月叶 Superior semilunar lobule 下半月叶 Inferior semilunar lobule 髓母细胞瘤 Medulloblastoma 室管膜瘤 Ependymoma 少枝胶质瘤 Oligodendroglioma 脑膜瘤 Meningioma 难染性腺瘤 Chromophobe adenoma 嗜酸性腺瘤 Eosinophil adenoma 颅咽管瘤 Craniopharyngioma 神经瘤 Neuroma 听神经瘤 Acoustic tumours 血管母细胞瘤 Haemangioblastoma 恶性的 Malignant 奇异现象 Paradox 松果体瘤 Pineal tumour 分流 Short-Circuiting procedures 预后 Prognosis 先天性肿瘤
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Congenital tumour 神经胶质增生 Gliosis 脓肿 Abscess 蛛网膜下腔出血 Subarachnoid haemorrhage 退行发育,间变 Anaplasia 活检 Biopsy 形成因素 Causatire factor 头皮瘢迹 Scalp Scar 不可达到的 Inaccessible 缓和 Remission 癌瘤 Carcinomatosis 畸胎瘤 Teratoma 上皮样成分 Epithelial elements 胆脂瘤 Cholesteatoma 珍珠瘤 Pearly tumours 上皮样囊肿 Epidermoids cyst 脊索瘤 Cordoma 姑息的方法 Palliative procedures 降低脑压 Reducing brain tenommissure 前索 Anterior funiculus 锥体前束 Anterior pyramidal (corticospinal) tract 前庭脊髓束 Vestibulospinal tract 脊髓丘脑前束 Ventral spinothalamic tract 固有束 Proper bundle 侧索 Lateral funiculus 锥体侧束 Lateral pyramidal (corticospinal) tract 脊髓小脑前束 Ventral spinocerebellar tract 脊髓小脑后束 Dorsal spinocerebellar tract 脊髓顶盖束 Spinotectal tract 顶盖脊髓束 Tectospinal tract 脊髓丘脑侧束 Lateral spinothalamic tract 网状脊髓束 Reticulospinal tract 红核脊髓束 Rubrospinal tract 后外侧束 Dorsolateral fasciculus 后索 Dorsal funiculus 薄束
神经病学专业词汇中英文
英汉神经病学名词索引AAbacavir 阿波卡韦botulinum toxin type A A型肉毒杆菌毒素absence 失神acetylcholine,Ach 乙酰胆碱acquired immynodefeciency syndrome, AIDS病abdominal reflexes 腹壁反射abnormal involuntary movements, AIMs 异动症abulia 意志缺乏accommodation reflex 调节反射acetaminophen 对乙基氨基酚Achilles reflex Achilles 反射Achilles tendon reflex 跟腱反射AChR-Ab 乙酰胆碱受体抗体actin 肌动蛋白action tremor 动作性震颤acute ascending myelitis 上升性脊髓炎acute ascending palsy 急性上升性麻痹acute confusion state 急性意识模糊状态acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM 急性播散性脑脊髓炎acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, AHL 急性出血性白质脑炎acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuro- pathies, AIDP acute motor axonal neuropathy, AMAN 急性运动轴索型神经病acute motorsensory axonal neuropathy, AMSAN 急性运动感觉轴索型神经病acute myelitis 急性脊髓炎acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis 急性坏死性出血性脑脊髓炎acute poliomyelitis 急性脊髓前角灰质炎acute transverse myelitis, ATM 急性横贯性脊髓炎acyclovir 阿昔洛韦Adams-Stokes syndrome 阿-斯综合征adenoma sebaceum 皮脂腺瘤Adie’s pupil 艾迪瞳孔Adie’s syndrome 强直性瞳孔Adie’s syndrome 艾迪综合征Adrenoleykody-strophy 肾上腺脑白质营养不良Albendazole 阿苯哒唑Alprazolam 阿普唑仑Amitriptiline 阿米替林Amantadine 金刚烷胺amnestic syndrome 遗忘综合症amprenavir 安泼那韦adynamia episodica hereditaria 遗传性发作无力hereditary diseaseagnosia 失认症AIDS dementia complex, ADC AIDS-痴呆复合体air conduction, AC 气导akinesia, hypokinesia 运动减少akinetic mutism动作不能性缄默症alcoholic intemperance 酗酒algospasm 痛性痉挛Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病amaurosis fugax 黑蒙amipaque 甲泛葡胺Ammon’s horn sclerosis, AHS 海马硬化b-amyloid, A b b类淀粉蛋白amyloid precursor protein, APP 类淀粉蛋白前体基因amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化anal reflex 肛门反射ancrod 安克洛酶, 降纤酶angiography of spinal cord 脊髓血管造影angionecrosis 血管(壁)坏死ankle clonus 踝阵挛ankle reflex 踝反射anomic aphasia, AA 命名性失语antane 安坦anticibation 遗传早现antiepilepic drugs, AEDs 抗癫痫药物aphasia 失语症aphasia battery of Chinese, ABC 汉语失语检查法apnea hypopnea index,AHI 呼吸暂停低通气指数arylsulfatase-A 芳基硫酯酶A apolipoprotein E, ApoE 载脂蛋白Eapraxia 失用症Argyll-Robertson’s pupil 阿-罗瞳孔Arnold-Chiari deformation Arnold-Chiari畸形, 小脑扁桃体下疝畸形arteriolar atherosclerosis 小动脉硬化ascending reticular activating system 上行性网状激活系统aseptic meningitis 无菌性脑膜炎Aspirin 阿司匹林α-synucleinα- 突触核蛋白assisted ventilation 辅助通气asynergia 协同不能ataxia 共济失调ataxia telangicctasia, AT 共济失调毛细血管扩张症ataxic-hemiparesis, AH 共济失调性轻偏瘫athetosis 手足徐动症attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 注意力缺陷多动症atonic-seizure 失张力性发作avidin-biotin 亲合素-生物素atypical facial pain 非典型面痛automatism 自动症autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, ADCA 常染色体显性小脑性共济失调axon impairment 轴索损害axonal degeneration 轴索变性axonotmesis 轴突断伤azathioprine 硫唑嘌呤BBabinski sign 巴彬斯基征baclofen 氯苯氨丁酸, 巴氯芬Barany test 温度刺激试验Barre dividigital test 巴利分指试验basal ganglion aphasia, BA 底节性失语b-amyloid,Ab b-淀粉样蛋白basilar artery migraine 基底动脉偏头痛basilar migraine 基底型偏头痛basilar impression 颅底凹陷症batroxobin 巴曲酶Becker muscular dystrophy, BMD Becker假肥大型肌营养不良症Bell’s palsy 面神经炎或Bell麻痹Bechet’s disease 白塞病Bell palsy Bell 麻痹benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spike 中央-颞部棘波的良性儿童期癫benign childhood epilepsy with occipital discharging 枕区放电的良性儿童期癫benign hereditary chorea, BHC 良性遗传性舞蹈病biceps reflex 肱二头肌反射Binswanger disease Binswanger病biopsy of brain tissue 脑活组织检查biopsy of muscle 肌肉组织活检biopsy of nerve 神经组织活检blepharospasm 眼睑痉挛Blessed behavior scale, BBS Blessed 行为量表blink-mandibular phenomenon 瞬目下颌现象blood-brain-barrier, BBB 血脑屏障bone conduction, BC 骨导border zone 边缘带botulinum toxin type A, BTX A型肉毒毒素Bourneille disease Bourneille病Borrelia burgdorferi 蜱咬性伯氏疏螺旋体brachial neuralgia 臂丛神经痛bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE 牛海绵状脑病brachial neuritis 臂丛神经炎bradykinesia 运动迟缓brain death 脑死亡brain electrical activity mapping, BEAM 脑电地形图brain evoked potentials, BEP 脑诱发电位brain stem 脑干brainstem auditory evoked potentials, BAEP 脑干听觉诱发电位brainstem encephalitis 脑干炎bromocriptine 溴隐亭Brune sign 布龙征brittle crisis 反拗危象Broca aphasia, BA 运动性失语Brown-Sequard syndrome 脊髓半切综合征Brudzinski’s test 布鲁津斯基试验Ccafé- au- lait spot 牛奶咖啡斑cafergot 麦角胺咖啡因calcium channel antagonists 钙通道拮抗剂campylobacter jejuni, CJ 空肠弯曲菌captopril 卡托普利carbamazapine, CBZ 卡马西平carotid sinus reflex 颈动脉窦反射carotidynia 颈动脉痛carpal tunne syndrome 腕管综合征causalgia 灼性神经痛cauda equina 马尾cavernous sinus thrombosis 海绵窦血栓形成central nervous system,CNS 中枢神经系统cell transplantation 细胞移植central nervous system, CNS 中枢神经系统central pontine myelinolysis, CPM 脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症cerebellar ataxia 小脑性共济失调cerebellar ataxia and crossed third-nerve palsy 合并动眼神经交叉瘫的小脑共济失调cerebellar gait 小脑性步态cerebellomedullar cisterna 小脑延髓池cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA 脑类淀粉血管病cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, CADASIL 合并皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病cerebral blood flow, CBF 脑血流量cerebral cysticercosis 脑囊虫病cerebral echinococciasis 脑棘球蚴病cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral evoked potential, EP 诱发电位cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪cerebral paragonimiasis 脑型肺吸虫病cerebral schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病cerebral thrombosis, CT 脑血栓形成cerebral vein thrombosis 大脑静脉血栓形成cerebral watershed infarction, CWSI 分水岭脑梗死cerebrospinauid, CSF 脑脊液cerebrovascular disease, CVD 脑血管疾病cerebrovascular spasm, CVS 脑血管痉挛ceruloplasmin 铜蓝蛋白Chaddock sign Chaddock征chamberlain line 腭枕线cheyne-stoke breathing 潮式呼吸childhood absence epilepsy 儿童型失神性癫痫Charcot’s joint 夏科氏关节(神经原性关节病)Charcot’s triad Charcot三主征Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, CMTD 腓骨肌萎缩症Cheyne-Stoke’s breathing 潮式呼吸cholinergic crisis 胆碱能危象chorea 舞蹈症chorea minor 小舞蹈病choreacanthocytosis 棘状红细胞增多性舞蹈症choreoathetosis 舞蹈-手足徐动症chronic GBS 慢性格林-巴利综合征chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, CIDP 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多神经病cidofovir 西多福韦clasp-kinfe phenomenon 折刀样肌张力增高cladribine 可拉屈滨clinical definite MS, CDMS 临床确诊的多发性硬化clinical dementia rota, CDR 临床痴呆评定量表clinical probable MS, CPMS 临床可能的多发性硬化clonazepam 氯硝安定, 氯硝西泮clonus 阵挛cluster headache 丛集性头痛classic migraine 典型偏头痛clopidogre 氯吡格雷cobweb-like coagulation 蛛网膜样凝固cognitive impairment 认知障碍cogwheel rigidity 齿轮样强直coma 昏迷coma vigil 睁眼昏迷common migraine 普通偏头痛common peroneal nerve palsy 腓总神经麻痹communicating hydrocephalus 交通性脑积水complete stroke 完全性卒中comprehension 听理解compressive myelopathy 脊髓压迫症computerized tomography angiography, CTA CT血管造影complex parial seizure, CPS 复杂部分发作com plicated migraine 复杂型偏头痛computerized tomography, CT 电子计算机体层扫描concentric sclerosis 同心圆性硬化conduction aphasia, CA 传导性失语conduction deafness 传导性耳聋confusion 模糊congenital hydrocephalus 先天性脑积水congenital myotonia 先天性肌强直congenital porencephalia 脑穿通畸形connective tissue disease 结缔组织病consciousness 意识constitutive apraxia 结构性失用contraction fasciculation 收缩性肌束震颤convulsion 抽搐corneal reflex 角膜反射corneomandibular reflex 角膜下颌反射cortex 皮质cortical basal ganglia degeneration, CBGD 皮质基底节变性cortical blindness 皮质盲corticosteroid 皮质类固醇corticostriatospinal degeneration 皮质-纹状体-脊髓变性cremasteric reflex 提睾反射Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD 雅克病crossed hemiplegia 交叉性瘫痪cryptococcosis 新型隐球菌脑膜炎cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺cyclosporin A 环孢菌素A cytokine, CK 细胞因子cytomegalovirus encephalitis 巨细胞病毒性脑炎cytomegalovirus, CMV 巨细胞病毒cryptogenic 隐源性Ddaily chronic headache 慢性每日头痛deafness 耳聋decerebrate rigidity 去大脑强直decorticate rigidity 去皮层强直decorticate syndrome 去皮层综合征deep brain stimulation, DBS 深部脑刺激术defibrase 降纤酶delavirdine 甲磺酸地拉韦定definite carrier 肯定携带者deformation 畸形degenerative dementing disorders 变性病性痴呆Dejerine-Sottas disease Dejerine-Sottas病delirium 谵妄delta sign 上矢状窦空三角征dementia 痴呆dementia with Lewy body, DLB 路易体痴呆demyelination 脱髓鞘demyelinative diseases 脱髓鞘性疾病demyelinative myelitis 脱髓鞘性脊髓炎dentato-rubral pallidoluysian atophy, DRPLA 齿状核红核苍白球丘脑底核萎缩desease up-regulatory role 疾病上调作用developmental diseases of the nervous system 神经系统发育异常性疾病Devic’s disease Devic病dexamethasone 地塞米松diabetes 糖尿病diabetic neuropathy 糖尿病性周围神经病diagnostic puncture 诊断性穿刺diazepam 安定, 地西泮didanosine 去羟肌苷diffuse Lewy body disease, DLBD 弥散性路易体病diffuse sclerosis 弥漫性硬化digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影脑血管造影dihydroergotamine 二氨麦角胺diplopia 复视dipyridamole 潘生丁disability 残疾disorders of conciousness 意识障碍dissociated sensory loss 分离性感觉丧失distal axonopathy 远端轴突病distal neuropathy 远端型神经病distal dystrophy 远端性肌营养不良distant vision 远视力dizziness 头晕Doll head test 玩偶头试验donepezil 多奈哌齐DR 数字X线摄影dopamine receptor agonists 多巴胺受体激动剂dopamine receptor antagonists 多巴胺受体拮抗剂D-penicillamine D-青霉胺dressing apraxia 穿衣失用症drop attack 跌倒发作drunken gait 醉酒步态Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD Duchenne型肌营养不良症dying-back axonopathy 逆死性神经病dysarthria 构音障碍dysarthric-clumsy hand syndrome, DCHS 构音障碍-手笨拙综合征dysesthesia 感觉倒错dyskinesias 运动障碍dysmetria 辩距障碍dyspraxia 运用障碍dystonia 肌张力障碍dystrophin, Dys 抗肌萎缩蛋白dystrophin-associated protein 抗肌萎缩蛋白结合蛋白dystrophy 营养障碍DYT1 gene DYT1基因EDearavone 依达拉奉Efavirenz 依非韦轮EGR 颅外肉芽肿性动脉炎electroencephalography, EEG 脑电图electroencephalography, EMG 肌电图electrotherapeutic modalities 电疗elephantiasis neuromatosia 神经纤维瘤性象皮病elimination half-life 半清除期embolic infarction 栓塞性脑梗死Emery-Dreifuss dystrophy 埃-德型肌营养不良Encephalitis periaxalis diffusa 弥漫性轴周脑炎encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis 脑三叉神经血管瘤病enterovirus encephalitis 肠道病毒性脑炎entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病enviromental factor 环境因素end of dose deterioration 剂末恶化end-organ diseases 终末-器官疾病entrapment neuropathy 嵌压性神经病epidural blood patching 硬膜外血贴疗法epilepsia partialis continua 部分性癫痫持续状态epilepsy 癫痫eptastigmine 依斯的明Epstein-Barr virus, EBV EB病毒ergotamine 麦角胺erythema chronicum migrans, 慢性有走性红斑erythromelalgia 红斑肢痛症Estazolam 艾司唑仑essential tremor, ET 特发性震颤, 原发性震颤ethambutolum, EMB 乙胺丁醇ethamsylate 止血敏ethosuxamide, ESX 乙琥胺etiologic diagnosis 定性诊断event-related potentials, ERP 事件相关电位evoked potential 诱发电位experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎experimental autoimmune neuritis, EAN 实验性自身免疫性神经炎extrapyramidal diseases 锥体外系疾病extrapyramidal system 锥体外系统eyelash sign 睫毛征Ffacial dyskinesia 面肌运动障碍facial myokymia 面部肌纤维颤搐facial spasm 面肌痉挛facial-oral apraxia 面-口失用症FAD 家族性病facilitation technique 促通技术facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 面肩肱型肌营养不良症familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, FALS 家族性肌萎缩性侧索硬化family history 家族史fasciculation 肌束震颤fatal familial insomnia, FFI 致死性家族性失眠症felbamate, FBM 非氨酯femoral neuralgia 股神经痛festinating gait 慌张步态fibrillation 肌纤维性颤动finger-counting test 数指试验finger-nose tests 指鼻试验flaccid paralysis 弛缓性瘫痪floppy infant syndrome 松软婴儿综合征fluconazole 氟康唑flucytosine, 5-FU5-氟胞嘧啶fluoxetine 氟西汀Flurazepam 氟西泮focal serzure 局造性发作flexed neck test 屈颈试验flunarizine 氟桂利嗪forward transportation 正向运输free radical 自由基Friedreich ataxia, FRDA Friedreich共济失调Froin syndrome 弗洛因综合征frontal lobe dementia 额叶痴呆frontotemporal dementia 额颞痴呆functional MRI, f-MRI 功能性MRIfunctional reorganization 功能重组functional training 功能训练Ggabapentin, GBP 加巴喷丁gadolinium enhancement 钆强化gadolinium-DTPA 顺磁性造影剂钆gait disorders 步态异常gag reflex 咽反射gait of sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调步态ganciclovir 更昔洛韦ganglioside 基因诊断gene therapy 基因治疗ganglioneuritis 神经节神经炎gaze palsy 凝视麻痹generalized tonic-clonic seizure, GTCS 全面性强直-阵挛发作genetic susceptibility 遗传易感性germinal matrix 室管膜下细胞母基质germinal matrix 母基质Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome GSS综合征Glatiramer acetate 醋酸格拉太咪尔giant cell temporal arteritis 巨细胞颞动脉炎global aphasia, GA 完全性失语glosspharyngeal neuralgia 舌咽神经痛Gordon sign Gordon征grand mal 大发作granulovacuolar degeneration 颗粒空泡变性Guillain-Barré syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征HHachinski ischemia scale, HIS Hachinski缺血积分Hallerverden-Spatz disease 苍白球黑质红核色素变性handicap 残障headache 头痛heel-kneel-shin test 跟-膝-胫试验helper T cells type 1, Th1 辅助性T细胞1型helper T cells type 2, Th2 辅助性T细胞2型helical tube 螺旋管hemianopia 偏盲hemiatrophy 偏侧萎缩症hemiballismus 偏身投掷运动hematomyelia 脊髓出血hemichorea 偏侧舞蹈症hemifacial spasm 偏侧面肌痉挛hemiplegia 偏瘫hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛hemorrhagic infarct 出血性脑梗死hemorrhagic stroke 出血性卒中hepatitis B virus, HBV 乙型肝炎病毒hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD 肝豆状核变性hereditary ataxias 遗传性共济失调hereditary ataxias with muscular atrophy 遗传性共济失调伴肌萎缩hereditary spastic paraplegia,HSP 遗传性痉挛性截瘫hereditary dysautomonia 遗传性自主神经障碍hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, HMSN 遗传性运动感觉性神经病herpes simplex virus encephalitis 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎herpes zoster encephalitis 带状疱疹病毒性脑炎HLA phenotype HLA表型Hoffmann sign 霍夫曼征homonymous hemianopia 对侧同向性偏盲Horner’s syndrome 霍纳综合征24 hour intrathecal IgG synthesis rate 鞘内IgG24小时合成率HTLV-I associated myelopathy, HAM HTLV-I相关脊髓病human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒human T-lymphotropic virus type I, HTLV-I 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒I型Huntington chorea 亨廷顿舞蹈病Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病Huntington protein 亨廷顿蛋白hyaline arterionecrosis 玻璃样小动脉坏死hyaline fatty change 玻璃样脂肪变hyalinosis 透明变性hydergine 海得琴hydrocephalus 脑积水hyperacusis 听觉过敏hyperaesthesia 感觉过敏hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, HyPP 高血钾型周期性瘫痪hyperkinesias 运动过多hyperpathia 感觉过度hyperpathia 痛觉过度hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hypertensive end-organ disease 高血压终末器官病hypertention 高血压hypokalemic periodic paralysis,HoPP 低钾型周期性瘫痪hysteric paralysis 癔病性瘫痪hysterical gait 癔病步态Iibuprophen 布洛芬ICP 颅内压ideational apraxia 观念性失用ideational motor apraxia 观念运动性失用ideomotor apraxia 观念运动性失用症idiopathic facial palsy 特发性面神经麻痹idiopathic torsion dystonia 特发性扭转性肌张力障碍idiopathic 特发性IGA 颅内肉芽肿性动脉炎Imipramine 丙咪嗪idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压IFN- g g-干扰素IgG-index IgG指数immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白immunomodulating drugs 免疫调节剂immunosuppressant 免疫抑制剂immunoblot 免疫印迹impairment 残损inclusion body myositis,IBM 包涵体肌炎incoordination 协调运动障碍index events (临床)索引事件indinavir 印地那韦indomethacin 吲哚美辛intelligence 智能障碍insomnia 失眠inflammatory 炎症性疾病intention tremor 意向性震颤intercostal neuralgia 肋间神经痛interferon- a, IFN- a a-干扰素interferon- b, IFN- b b-干扰素interferon-b therapy b-干扰素疗法internal capsule 内囊internuclear ophthalmoplegia 核间性眼肌麻痹intracerebral hemorrhage, ICH 脑出血intracranial hypotension headache 低颅压性头痛intractable epilepsy 难治性癫intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIG 静脉注射免疫球蛋白intrinsic factor 内因子involuntary movements 不自主运动ion channel disease 离子通道病iris hamartomas 虹膜异构体ischemic penumbra 缺血半暗带ischemic stroke 缺血性脑卒中isoniazidum, INH 异烟肼irtacomazole 伊曲康唑JJackson sign 杰克逊征Jackson’s seizure 杰克逊癫Jerk nystagmus 急动性眼震Jitter 颤抖Jitter baby 紧张不安婴儿Jolly test 疲劳试验KKayser-Fleischer ring K-F环角膜色素环Kearns-Sayre syndrome, KSS KSS 综合征kernicterus 核黄疸Kernig’s sig n 克匿格征kinetic apraxia 运动性失用症Klippel-Feil deformation Klippel-Feil畸形Knee clonus 髌阵挛knee phenomenon, patellar tendon reflex 膝腱反射Kojewnikow seizure 单纯部分性运动发作持续状态kuru disease Kuru病Llaboratory-supported dignosed MS, LSDMS 实验室检查支持确诊的多发性硬化laboratory-supported probable MS, LSPMS 实验室检查支持可能的多发性硬化lacunar infarct 腔隙性梗死lacunar state 腔隙状态lacunar syndrome 腔隙综合征laminin 层粘蛋白lamivudine 拉米夫定Lambert-Eaton syndrome, LEMS 肌无力综合征laminin 基质蛋白lamotrigine, LTG 拉莫三嗪Landry ascending paralysis Landry 上升性麻痹Landry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl syndromeLandry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl综合征Lasegue’s sign 直腿抬高实验Late-life migraine 晚发性偏头痛lateral cerebral ventriculus 侧脑室lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy 股外侧皮神经炎lateral sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成lead-pipe rigidity 铅管样强直Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Lennox-Gastaut综合征Learned sleep-preventing associations 习得性阻睡联想leptospirosis 钩端螺旋体病lesion 病理灶leukemia 白血病leukoaraiosis 脑白质疏松症levodopa, L-Dopa 左旋多巴Lewy body 路易小体Lewy body variant of Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer病路易体型light reflex of pupils 瞳孔光反射limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 肢带型肌营养不良症Lisch modules Lisch结节Little disease 脑性痉挛性双侧瘫痪local pain 局部性疼痛locked-in syndrome 闭锁综合征Lorazepam 劳拉西泮low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白基因lower motor neuron 下运动神经元lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺Lyme disease 莱姆病lymphoma 淋巴瘤MMacewen’s sign Macewen征(破壶音) Machado-Joseph disease, MJD MJD病Macular sparing 黄斑回避mad cow disease, MCD 疯牛病Madopar 美多芭magnetic resonance spetroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱检查法magnetic resornance angiography, MRA 磁共振成像血管造影magnetic resornance imaging, MRI 磁共振成像magnetoencepha1ography, MEG 脑磁图major stroke 大卒中manual therapy techniques 手法治疗技术Marinesco-Sjogren syndrone Marinesco-Sjogren综合征mass reflex 总体反射maternal inheritance 母系遗传marchepetit pas 小步态masked face 面具脸matrix (subependymal) hemorrhage in premature infants 早产儿基质(室管膜下)出血medullated fibers 有髓神经纤维Meige syndrome 眼睑痉挛-口、下颌肌张力Melodinetic apraxia 肢体运动性失用症memory impairment 记忆障碍Méniere disease 梅尼埃病, 内耳眩晕病meningismus 脑膜刺激征meralgia paresthesia 感觉异常性股痛metachromatic leudodystrophy 异染性脑白质营养不良metabolic neuropathy 代谢性神经病Methotrexate, MTX 氨甲蝶呤Methylprednisolone 甲基强的松龙Methylprednisolone 甲基泼尼松龙Midazolam 咪达唑仑midodrine hydrochloride 盐酸米多君migaine equivalents 偏头痛等位症migraine 偏头痛migraine with aura 有先兆的偏头痛migraine without aura 无先兆的偏头痛migrainous infarction 偏头痛性梗死mild cognitive impairment 轻度认知障碍milkmaid grip 挤奶妇手法Miller-Fisher syndrome, MFS Miller-Fisher综合征mini-mental state examine, MMSE 简易精神状态检查量表minor stroke 小卒中mitochndrial DNA, Mt DNA 线粒体DNAmitochndrial encephalomyopathies 线粒体脑肌病mitochndrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke, MELAS线粒体肌病伴乳酸血症和卒中样发作mitochndrial myopathies 线粒体肌病mitochondrial encephalopathy 线粒体脑病Mniere disease 内耳性眩晕MLF内侧纵束mixed transcortical aphasia, MTA 经皮层混合性失语modified PMH with motor aphasia 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并运动性失语molecular mimicry 分子模拟monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance,MGUS 良性单克隆丙种球蛋白病血症mononeuropathy 单神经病mononuclear cells, MNC 单个核细胞monophasic course 单相型病程monoplegia 单瘫motor apraxia 运动性失用motor evoked potential 症状波动motor evoked potential, MEP 运动诱发电位motor neuron disease, MND 运动神经元病movement disorders 运动障碍疾病Moyamoya disease 烟雾病multifocal motor neuropathy, MMN 多灶性运动神经病multi-infarct dementia, MID 多梗死性痴呆multiple infarct 多发性脑梗死multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化multiple subpial transection 多处软脑膜下横切术multiple system atrophy, MSA 多系统萎缩multiple tics-coprolalia syndrome, Tourette syndrome, TS 抽动秽语综合征muscle force 肌力muscular disorders 肌肉疾病muscular tension 肌张力myasthenia gravis, MG 重症肌无力myasthenic crisis 肌无力危象mycoplasma pneumonia, MP 肺炎支原体myelin associated glycoprotein, MAG 髓鞘素结合糖蛋白myelin basic protein, MBP 髓鞘素碱性蛋白myelin oligodentrocyte glycoprotein, MOG 少突胶质细胞糖蛋白myelin regeneration 髓鞘再生myelinopathies 髓鞘病mycotic 霉菌性mycophenolate 骁悉myelitis of noninfectious inflammatory type 非感染性炎症型脊髓炎myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers, MERRF 肌阵挛性癫伴肌肉破碎红纤维myodil 碘苯酯myoid cell 肌样细胞myokymia 肌纤维颤搐myopathic gait 肌病步态myosin 肌球蛋白myotonia 肌强直myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症myotonin protein dinase 肌强直蛋白激酶Nnaproxen 萘普生narcolepsy 发作性睡病ndex events 索引事件nelfinavir 奈非那韦near vision 近视力neostigmine test 新斯的明试验neostriatum 新纹状体nerve conduction velocity, NCV 神经传导速度nerve deafness 感音性耳聋nerve root 神经根neuralgia 神经痛neurapraxia 神经失用neurodegenerative diseases 神经变性疾病neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs 神经原纤维缠结neurofibromatosis, NF 神经纤维瘤病neurogenic orthostatic hypotension 神经源性体位性低血压neurokinin A 神经激肽Aneurologic examination 神经系统检查neurological rehabilitation, NR 神经康复neurology 神经病学neuromuscular junction, NMJ 神经-肌肉接头neuromyelitis optica, NMO 视神经脊髓炎neuronal degeneration 神经元变性neuronopathies 神经元病neuroscience 神经科学neurosyphilis 神经梅毒neurotmesis 神经断伤neurotropic virus 嗜神经病毒nightmares 梦魇nimodipine 尼莫地平Nitrazepam 硝西泮non aneurysmal SAH, nA-SAH 非动脉瘤性SAHnon-rapid eye movement,NREM非快速眼球运动norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素non-medullated fibers 无髓神经纤维normal kalemic periodic paralysis 正常血钾型周期性瘫痪noseresthesia 感觉倒错nuclear ophthalmoplegia 核性眼肌麻痹nystagmus 眼球震颤Oobstructive hydrocephalus 阻塞性脑积水obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征occipital neuralgia 枕神经痛occupational therapy, OT 作业治疗ocular dystrophy 眼肌型肌营养不良oculocardiac reflex 眼心反射oculocephalic reflex 头眼反射oculopharyngeal dystrophy 眼咽型肌营养不良oculovestibular 眼前庭反射oily face 脂颜alanzapine 奥氮平oligoclonal bands, OB 寡克隆带olivopontocerebellar atrophy, OPCA 橄榄脑桥小脑萎缩one and a half syndrome 一个半综合征ophthalmoplegia 眼肌麻痹ophthalmoplegia-ataxia-areflexia syndrome 眼肌麻痹-共济失调-深反射消失综合征ophthalmopkegia migraine 眼肌麻痹型偏头痛opisthotonos 角弓反张Oppenheim sign Oppenheim征optic neuritis, ON 视神经炎oromandibular dystonia 口-下颌肌张力障碍orthopaedics 矫形Oxazepam 奥沙西泮Ppain 疼痛painful ophthalmopbegia 痛性眼肌麻痹paired helical filaments, PHFs 双股螺旋细丝palatal reflex 软腭反射paleostriatum 旧纹状体pallidotomy 苍白球毁损术palmomental reflex 掌颌反射Pandy test Pandy 实验pandysautonimia 全自主神经功能不全paraesthesia 感觉异常paralysis 瘫痪paralysis agitans, shaking palsy 震颤麻痹paralysis of abducens nerve 外展神经麻痹paralysis of oculomotor nerve 动眼神经麻痹paralysis of trochlear nerve 滑车神经麻痹paraneoplastic neuropathy 副肿瘤性神经病paraplegia 截瘫paraplegia of isolated muscle groups 孤立性肌群瘫痪parasomnias 异态睡眠paraspinal 脊旁肌营养不良parasympathetic nervous system 副交感神经系统paresthesia 感觉异常Parinaud syndrome 帕里诺综合征Parkin gene Parkin基因Parkinson disease with dementia 帕金森病合并痴呆Parkinson’s disease 帕金森病parkinsonism 帕金森综合征paroxysmal depolarization shift, PDS 发作性去极化漂移partial seizures 部分性发作past history 既往史patellar clonus 髌阵挛pathological diagnosis 病理学诊断penobarbital, PB 苯巴比妥pentoxifylline 已酮可可碱peak-dose dyskinesia 剂峰运动障碍pendular nustagmus 钟摆样眼震perfusion-weighted imaging, PWI MR 灌注加权成像pergolide 培高利特periodic paralysis 周期性瘫痪peripheral nerve 周围神经peripheral nervous system, PNS 周围神经系统peripheral nervous 周围性眼肌麻痹PET 正电子发射断层扫描periventricular leukomalacia 脑室旁白质软化persistent vegetative state 持续性植物状态personal history 个人史petit mal 小发作phenytoin 苯妥英纳pharmacological causes 药物性原因physical causes 躯体性原因physiological causes 生理性原因phenylethyl malonamide 苯乙基丙二酰胺phenytoin, PHT 苯妥英physical agents and mechanical modalities 理疗和器械治疗physical therapy, PT 物理治疗physostigmine 毒扁豆碱Pick complex Pick综合征Pick's disease Pick病pill-rolling-like tremor 搓丸样震颤pimozide 哌咪清plantar reflex 跖反射plasma cell dyscrasia 浆细胞恶液质plasma exchange, PE 血浆交换platybasia 扁平颅底pleocytosis 脑脊液单个核细胞增多plexus chorioideus 脉络丛PMH sparing the face 纯运动性轻偏瘫无面瘫PMH with confusion 纯运动性轻偏瘫伴有精神混乱PMH with crossed sixth-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并外展神经交叉瘫PMH with crossed third-nerve palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并动眼神经交叉瘫PMH with horizontal gaze palsy 纯运动性轻偏瘫合并水平性凝视麻痹POEMS syndrome POEMS综合征poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎polymerase chain reaction, PCR 聚合酶链反应polymyositis, PM 多发性肌炎polyneuropathy 多发性神经病polyneuropathy, PN 多发性周围神经病porphyrian disease 卟啉病positron emission tomography, PET 正电子发射断层扫描PPRF 脑桥旁正中网状结构Praziquantel 吡喹酮possible carrier 可能携带者postinfectious encephalomyelitis 感染后脑脊髓炎postural tremor 姿势性震颤prednison 强的松presenilin 1, PS1 早老素1基因presenilin 2, PS2 早老素2基因present history 现病史prethrombotic state 血栓前状态primary lateral sclerosis 原发性侧索硬化primary progressive aphasia 原发性进行性失语prion dementia without spastic paraparesis 朊蛋白痴呆伴痉挛性截瘫prion dementia without characteristic pathology朊蛋白痴呆prion disease 朊蛋白病prion protein, PrP SC, PrP CJD朊蛋白probable carrier 很可能携带者professional spasm 职业性痉挛progressive bulbar palsy 进行性延髓麻痹progressive external ophthamoplegia, PEO 进行性眼外肌痹progressive MS 进展型多发性硬化progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, PML 进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive muscular dystrophy, PMD 进行性肌营养不良症progressive rubella panencephalitis, PRP 进行性风疹全脑炎progressive spinal muscular atrophy, PSMA 进行性脊肌萎缩症progressive stroke 进展性卒中prolonged depolaarizing shift,PDS 延长的去极化漂移propranolol 心得安progressive supranuclear palsy, PSP 进行性核上性麻痹proteolipid protein, PLP 含脂质蛋白pseudobulbar palsy 假性球麻痹pseudoepileptic seizures 假性癫痫发作pseudohypertrophy 假性肥大pseudoneuroma 精神性原因psychiatric symptoms 精神症状psychological causes 心理性原因psychophysiological insomnia 心理生理性失眠pure motor hemiparesis, PMH 纯运动性轻偏瘫pure sensory stroke, PSS 纯感觉性卒中Pussep sign Pussep征pyrazinamidum, PZA 吡嗪酰胺pyridostigmine bromide 溴吡斯的明Qqualitative diagnosis 定性诊断Queckenstedt test 压颈试验Rradial reflex 桡反射radiating 浣熊眼radiating pain 放射性疼痛ragged-red fibers, RRF 破碎红纤维rapid eye movement,REM 快速眼球运动Ranvier node Ranvier结Raynaud disease 雷诺病Recurrence of hemorrhage 再出血rebound phenomenon 回弹现象referred pain 牵涉性疼痛reflex epilepsy 反射性癫痫Refsum disease 遗传性共济失调性多发性神经病Refsum disease 殖烷酸累积症reginal cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量rehabilitation therapy 康复治疗relapsing course 复发型病程relapsing type of AIDP 复发型AIDP relapsing-remiting MS 复发-缓解型多发性硬化REM sleep behavior disorder,RBD REM睡眠行为障碍Reminyl 加兰他敏reperfusion damage 再灌注损伤repetition 复述restless legs syndrome, RLS不安腿综合征repetitive nerve stimulation, RNS 重复神经电刺激resting tremor 静止性震颤retraction reflex 头后仰反射retrovirus 逆转录病毒reverse transportation 反向(逆向)运输reverse first-night effect 首夜颠倒效应reversible ischemic neurological defict, RIND 可逆性缺血性神经功能缺失risperidone 维思通ritonavir 利托那韦rheumatic chorea 风湿性舞蹈病rifampicinum, RFP 利福平rigidity 肌强直riluzole 力鲁唑Rinne test Rinne试验Romberg sign 闭目难立征Rossolimo sign 罗索利莫征rt-PA 重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活剂ryanodine receptor, RYR ryanodine受体Ssatellite cells 卫星细胞Schaeffer sign Schaeffer征schistosomiasis 脑型血吸虫病Schwann cells Schwann细胞Saquinavir 沙奎那韦sciatica 坐骨神经痛scissors gait 剪刀步态seizure 痫性发作seizure focus 致灶selective posterior rhizotomy, SPR 选择性脊神经后根切断术selegillin 司来吉兰senile plaques 老年斑sensorimotor stroke, SMS 感觉运动性卒中sertraline 舍曲林sensory ataxia 感觉性共济失调sensory disturbance 感觉障碍shadow plaques 影斑区Shy-Drager syndrome, SDS 特发性体位性直立性低血压sigmoideus sinus thrombosis 乙状窦血栓形成silent stroke 静息性卒中single photon emission computed tomography, SPECT 单光子发射计算机断层sinemet 帕金宁，息宁Sjogren syndrome 干燥综合征Situation related epileptic seizure 状态关联性癫痫发作SK 链激酶smoking 吸烟snout reflex 口轮匝肌反射somatosensory evoked potentials, SEP 躯体感觉诱发电位somnolence 嗜睡sleep terror 睡惊症sleep walding 睡行症smoking 吸烟somatostatin 生长抑素sparing of macular vision 黄斑回避southern blot DNA 印迹技术spasmodic torticollis 痉挛性斜颈spastic hemiplegic gait 痉挛性偏瘫步态spastic paralysis 痉挛性瘫痪spastic paraparetic gait 痉挛性截瘫步态spastical paraplegia 痉挛性截瘫speech expression 语言表达speech therapy, ST 语言治疗spinal muscular atrophy, SMA 脊髓肌萎缩症spinal shock 脊髓休克survival motor neuron(SMN) 运动神经元生存基因spinal TIA 脊髓短暂性缺血发作spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA 脊髓小脑性共济失调spreading pain 扩散性疼痛static tremor 静止性震颤status epilepticus 癫痫持续状态status migrainosus 偏头痛持续状态stavudine 司他夫定steady state 稳态steal syndrome 盗血综合征steppage gait 跨阈步态stiff-person syndrome 僵人综合征straight sinus thrombosis 直窦血栓形成streptomycin, SM 链霉素strito-nigral degeneration, SND 纹状体黑质变性stroke unit 脑卒中病房stupor 昏睡Sturge-Weber syndrome 脑面血管瘤病subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord 脊髓亚急性联合变性subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, SSPE 亚急性硬化性全脑炎subarachnoid hemorrhage, SAH 蛛网膜下腔出血subcortical aphasia syndrome 皮层下失语综合征subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy 皮层下动脉粥样硬化性脑病sucking reflex 吸吮反射sumatriptan 舒马普坦substantia nigra 黑质superior longitudinal sinuses 上矢状窦superior sagittal sinus thrombosis 上矢状窦血栓形成swaying gait 摇摆步态Sydenham chorea Sydenham舞蹈病sympathetic nervous system 交感神经系统syncope 晕厥a-synuclein a-共核蛋白syringobulbia 延髓空洞症syringomyelia 脊髓空洞症systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE 系统性红斑狼疮TTakayasu’s arteritis, TATakayasu 动脉炎, 主动脉弓综合征tardive dyskinesia, TD 迟发性运动障碍tendon reflex 腱反射tauopathy tau 蛋白病TCD 经颅多普勒Temporal lobe epilepsy 颞叶癫痫tensilon test 腾喜龙试验。
（整理）神经科学中英文词汇
（整理）神经科学中英文词汇中英文专业对照表acetylcholinesterase，AChE 乙酰胆碱酯酶α--amino-3-hydroxy- 5methyl- 4-isoxa -zoleppropionate，AMPA α-氨基-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑-丙酸accessory 附属细胞acetyl coenzyme A，乙酰CoA 乙酰辅酶AAcetylcholine，ACh 乙酰胆碱acid-sensing ionic channel，ASIC 酸敏感离子通道acquisition 获得action potential,AP 动作电位Acute autonomic paralysis,Acute dysautonomia 急性自主神经功能不全adapter protein 衔接子蛋白adeno-associated virus (AAV) 腺病毒相关病毒载体adenosindeaminase (ADA) 腺苷脱苷酶adenosi ne triphosphate,α、β、γATP 三磷酸腺adenovirus vector (AdV) 腺病毒载体adenylyl cyclase, AC 腺苷酸环化酶ADP-ribosylation ADP核酶化adrenal medulla chromaffin cell 肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞adrenocorticotropic hormone releasing hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺激素释放激素advanced glycation end products，AGEs 晚期糖化终产物Agenesis of corpus callosum 胼胝体不发育agrin 聚集蛋白airway hyperresponsiveness,AH 气道高反应性A-kinase-anchoring-protein,AKAP 锚定蛋白alar plate 翼板allodynia 触诱发痛alpha –gamma coactivation α-γ共同激活Alzheimer disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病aminoguanidine，AG 氨基胍aminoxyacetic acid，AOAA 氨氧乙酸Ammon 海马amnesiac 没记性amphetamine 苯丙胺β- amyloid deposition Aβ沉积β- amyloid pre-protein, β-APP β-淀粉样前体蛋白β-amyloid protein,β-AP β-淀粉样蛋白Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症anatomically addressedsynapse 解剖定向突触Anencephaly 无脑畸形angiotensinogen, AGT 血管紧张素原angiotensin或angiotonin，Ang 血管紧张素anisotropi 弥散的各向异性anterior column (horn) 前柱（角）antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antigen-presenting cells，APC 抗原提呈细胞anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide 反义寡脱氧核苷酸anti-sense techniques 反义技术apoptosis body 凋亡小体apoptosis inducing factor, AIF 细胞凋亡诱导因子apparent diffusion coefficient，ADC 表观弥散系数arginine-vasopressin, AVP 精氨酸升压素arm projection neurons 臂投射神经元aromatic alkylamine N-methyl transferase，AANMT 芳香烃胺氮位甲基移位酶aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase，AADC 芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶Arrhythmicity 无节律artery spin labeling, ASL 动脉质子自旋标记法associationregion 联合区associative learning 联合性学习astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Atrial natriuretic factor，ANF 心钠素atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 心房钠尿肽attention deficit hyperactive disorder, ADHD注意力障碍多动症autocoids 局部激素或自身活性物质autogenetic inhibition 自生性抑制automatic pathway 自动加工通路Autonomic Nervous System 自主神经系统autoreceptor 自身受体axon 轴突baclofen 氯苯氨基丁酸ball and chain model 球与链模型band pass filter 带通滤波器barrel field 桶区basal plate 基板Bedding 笼底铺垫物benzodiazepine，BZ 安定bicuculline 荷包牡丹碱Biological clock 生物钟biotin-avidin system 生物素-亲合素系统black widow spider venom 黑寡妇蜘蛛毒blood brain barrier，BBB 血-脑屏障Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent, BOLD 血氧水平依赖blood perfusion imaging 血流灌注显像bolus injection 团注bone marrow stem cells 骨髓干细胞bradykinesia 运动徐缓bradykinin, BK 缓激肽brain ischemia 脑缺血brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,BDNF 脑源性神经营养因子α-bungarotoxin，α-BGT α-银环蛇毒Bursts of openings 爆发型开放buspirone 丁螺环酮Ca2+ -overload Ca2+ 超载cadherin,CAD 钙粘着蛋白Calcineurin 钙调蛋白calcitonin gene-related peptide, CGRP 降钙素基因相关肽calcitonin, CT 降钙素calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II，CaM KII 钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶II Calpain 钙离子依赖性中性蛋白水解酶Calyculin A，CA 花萼海绵诱癌素cAMP response element binding protein ，CREB-1 cAMP反应元件结合蛋白-1 β-carboline β-咔啉类化合物casein kinase-1，CK-1 酪蛋白激酶-1caspase 半胱氨酸/天冬氨酰蛋白酶Catalytic subunit 催化亚单位catecholamine，CA 儿茶酚胺catechol-o-methyl transferase，COMT 儿茶酚胺-氧位-甲基转移酶Caudal subnuclei 尾侧亚核caudate nucleus 尾核celiac plexus 腹腔神经丛cell apoptosis 细胞凋亡cell death gene (ced) 细胞死亡基因cell division cycle，cdc 细胞分裂周期cell engineering antibody techniques 细胞工程抗体技术cell line 细胞系cell lineage 细胞谱系cell therapy 细胞治疗cells adhesion molecules (CAMs) 细胞粘着分子central benzuzepine receptor 中枢性BZ受体central nervous system (CNS) 中枢神经系统central pattern generator,CPG 中枢构型发生器ceramide 神经酰胺cerebellar plate 小脑板cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral vasospasm，CVS 脑血管痉挛cervical flexure 颈曲cGMP-dependent protein kinase，CG-PK或PKG cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶chemical shift imaging CSI 化学位移成像chemically addressed synapse 化学定向突触chemoattraction 化学吸引chemokine 趋化因子chemorepulsion 化学排斥chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪cholecystokinin, CCK 缩胆囊素choline acetyltransferase，ChAT 胆碱乙酰基转位酶Choline, Cho 胆碱Cholineacetylase，ChAC 胆碱乙酰化酶cholinergic differentiation factor/leukemia inhibitory factor 胆碱分化因子/白血病细胞抑制因子chorda mesoderm 脊索中胚层ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α,CNTFRα睫状神经营养因子受体αciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF 睫状神经营养因子cingulate motor cortex 扣带运动区Circadian osci11ator 日节律Circadian pacemaker 日起律器Circadian time，CT 日时Circadian timing system 日节律定时系统clasp-knife reflex 折刀反射classical conditioning reflex 经典条件反射clonidine 氯压定clozapine 氯氮平co-agonist 辅助激动剂cocaine 可卡因cochlear Potential 耳蜗电位cognitive stimulation imaging 认知激活显像collapsin 萎陷蛋白colliculur plate 丘板conditioned response 条件反应conditioned stimulus，CS 条件刺激conjugate eye movement 联合眼运动connexon 连接蛋白Constant darkness∶DD 无光照的恒暗constitutive secretory 非Aβ源性途径或构成型分泌constitutive NOS，cNOS 结构型或原生型NOScontext -dependent 前后关系相依赖的convergence 会聚convergence-facilitation theory 会聚-易化学说convergence-projection theory 会聚-投射学说coordination bonds 配位键cortical atrophy 大脑皮质萎缩cortical plate 皮质板corticormotoneuronalcell，CM细胞皮质运动神经元corticostriatal loops 皮层-纹状体攀corticotropin releasing factor，CRF 促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH 促皮质激素释放激素counter-response 对抗反应Creatine/Phosphocreatine, Cr/PCr 肌酸/磷酸肌酸creep 蠕变Creulzfeldt-Jakob disease,CJD 海绵状脑病cross cerebellar dysconnection，CCD 交叉性小脑联系不能crossed extension reflex 交叉伸反射或对侧伸肌反射cross-linking 广泛交联cross-talk 对话cyclic ADP-ribdse，cADPR 环ADP-核糖cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase，PKA 环磷酸腺苷依赖性蛋白激酶cyclin-dependent kinase，cdk 周期蛋白依赖性激酶Cycloheximide 环己亚胺，一种蛋白合成抑制剂cycloleucine 环亮氨酸Cyclosporin A ,CSA 环胞菌素Acytokine 细胞因子DAT , dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Deactivation 去活化decerebrate rigidity 去大脑僵直declarative memory or explicit memory 陈述记忆degranulation 脱粒delayed neuronal death，DND 迟发性神经元坏死delayed neuronal degeneration，DND 延迟性神经细胞退化delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) 迟发性CVSdendrite 树突dendritic cells 树状突细胞Deoxy-hemoglobin, Deoxy-Hb 脱氧血红蛋白Derepression 去抑制diacylglycerol，DAG 二酰基甘油diaschisis，DC 远隔离机能障碍diazepam binding inhibitor，DBI 致焦虑肽diencephalon vesicle 间脑泡diffuce noxious inhibitory controls, DNIC 广泛伤害抑制diffusible inducing factor 可扩散诱导因子diffusion weighted imaging, DWI 弥散加权成像diffusion-sensitizing gradient pulses，DSGP 弥散敏感梯度脉冲18F-DOPA 18氟-多巴directed synapse 定向突触dishabituation 去习惯化disinhibition 去抑制divergence 分散DNA fragmentation factor, DFF DNA断裂因子docking 搭靠docking 锚靠doctrine of specific nerve energies 特殊神经能量定律dopa-decarboxylase，DDC 多巴脱羧酶dopamine β–hydroxylase，DβH 多巴胺-β-羟化酶Dopamine ,DA 多巴胺Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein, DARPP32 多巴胺和cAMP调节的32kDa磷蛋白dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Dopa-responsive dystonia 多巴反应性肌张力障碍droperidol 氟哌啶Drosophira；Fruit- fly 果蝇dual nerve supply 双重神经支配Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD 假肥大型肌营养不良症dunce 笨蛋dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic response 动态反应dynamic stretch reflex 动态牵张反射dynorphin，Dyn 强啡肽dystroglycan 肌营养不良蛋白多糖dystrophin 肌营养不良素early gene 早期基因early LTP 早期LTPecho planar imaging, EPI 回波平面成像Ectoderm 外胚层ectomeninx 外脑（脊）膜effector cells 效应细胞elaborate semantic retrival 精细复述提取elctrogenic potassium pump 生电性钾泵electrochemical potential,μ电化学电位electrotonic synapse 电紧张突触encapsulated cells 包囊细胞endocochlear potenyial,EP 耳蜗内电位endogenous opioid peptides 内源性阿片样肽endomeninx 内脑膜endorphlins 内啡肽类endothelial NOS，eNOS 内皮NOSendothelin, ET 内皮素endothelium Ec 微血管内皮细胞endothelium-derived relaxing factor，EDRF 内皮细胞源性血管舒张因子ENK , enkephalin 脑啡肽enterochromaffin cell 嗜铬细胞Entrainment 协同性epidermal grouth factor,EGF 表皮生长因子epilepsy 癫痫epinephrine或adrenaline，E或AD 肾上腺素episodic memory 事件记忆Erythromalalgia 红斑性肢痛症event related potential, ERP事件相关电位ex vivo 离体转移法excitatory amino acid ，EAA 兴奋氨基酸excitatory postsynaptic current,EPSC 兴奋性突触后电流excitatory postsynaptic potential,EPSP 兴奋性突触后电位exocytosis 胞吐exteroceptor 外感受器extinction 消退extracellular signal related protein kinase，ERKs 细胞外信号相关的蛋白激酶facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, FSHD 面肩肱型肌营养不良症fast transmission 快速突触传递18F-2-F-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 18F-FDG 18氟-2-氟代-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖feedforward inhibition 前馈抑制fibroblast growt factor,FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子final pathway 最后通路Firing rate 放电频率fixating system 眼固定系统flexion reflex afferents,FRAs 屈肌反射传入纤维flexor reflex 屈肌反射floor plate 底板6-fluotryptophan 6-氟色氨酸fluoxetine 氟西汀forebrain or prosencephalon vesicle 前脑泡Forkhead 叉头蛋白，一种诱导凋亡的转录因子Forskolin，FK 富司克林520free choline 游离胆碱Free induction decay FID 自由感应衰减Freerunning 自律Frequency coding 频率编码functional magnetic resonance imaging，fMRI 功能性核磁共振显像functional MRI, fMRI 脑功能磁共振成像fusion 融合GABA -氨基丁酸Gadolinium,Gd 钆galanin, Gal 甘丙肽gap junction 缝隙连接gating currents 门控电流GDNF, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor 胶质源性神经营养因子gene augmentation 基因增强gene constraint 基因抑制gene correction 基因修正gene engineering antibody techniques 基因工程抗体技术gene inactivation 基因失活gene replacement 基因置换gene therapy 基因治疗gene transfer techniques 基因转染技术general somatic afferent 一般躯体传入核团general somatic efferent 一般躯体传出核团general viseral efferent 一般内脏传出核团generator potential 发生器电位genetically engineered cells 遗传工程细胞或遗传修饰细胞Genicu1ohypotha1amic tract,GHT 膝丘束glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF 胶质细胞源性神营养因子globus pallidus 苍白球Glutamate/Glutamine, Glu /Gln, 总称Glx 谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺glutamic acid decarboxylase，GAD 谷氨酸脱羧酶glutathione S-trasferase，GSTM1 谷胱甘肽硫基转移酶glycation 异常糖化Glycerophosphocholine 甘油磷酸胆碱130kDa glycoprotein gp130glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycosylation 糖基化glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage,GPI 糖基磷脂酰肌醇键goaldirected 目标指向gonadotropin releasing hormone, GnRH 促性腺激素释放激素Gr kinase 大鼠小脑源性钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶gradient echo 梯度回波graphesthesia 书写觉growth cone 生长锥growth hormone releasing hormone, GRH 生长激素释放激素growth hormone, GH 生长激素GSH , glutathione 谷胱甘肽guanine nucleoside regulatory proteins 鸟核苷酸调节蛋白，G 调节蛋白，简称G蛋白Guillain-Barre syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征habituation 习惯化Half-Center model 半中枢模式haloperidol 氟哌啶醇hand manipulation neurons 手操作神经元hand-eye coordination neurons 手-眼协调神经元hematopoietic cytokines 成血细胞因子heme 血红素hemeostasis 自稳调节hemicholinum-3，HC-3 密胆碱-3herpes simples virus (HSV) 单纯疱疹病毒载体heteroceptors 异源受体heterodimer 异质二聚体high molecular weight-MAP，HMW-MAP 微管相关蛋白hindbrain or rhombencephalon vesicle 后(菱)脑泡hippocampus 海马hirudin 水蛭素histamine 组胺homobox genes (Hox) 同源盒基因homogeneity 同源性homophilic 同种亲和homoreceptor 同源受体homovanillic acid，HVA 高香草酸hormone 激素human sodium/iodine transporter, h Na/Itransporter 人钠/碘同向转运体Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病hydrazinopropionic acid 肼基丙酸6-hydroxydopa 6-羟多巴hydroxyindole-o-methyl transferase，HIOMT 羟基吲哚氧位甲基移位酶5-hydroxyindole acetic acid，5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸3，4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid，DOPAC 3，4-双羟苯乙酸5-hydroxytryptamine transporter, 5-HTT5-羟色胺转运体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase，5-HTPDC 5-羟色氨酸脱羧酶hyperalgesia 痛觉过敏hypercolum 超柱hyperkinesia 运动过度hyperkplexia 惊厥病hypokinesia 运动减少Hypophysiotrophic area,HTA 下丘脑促垂体区idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压imaging agent 显像剂imaging fusion techniques, image registration techniques 图像融合技术imaging techniques 显像技术immediate early genes ，IGEs 即刻早期基因immortalized cell 永生细胞immunnoisolated cell therapy 免疫隔离细胞疗法Immunologically privileged organ 与免疫系统作用“隔绝”的“特赦”器官immunoreactivity 免疫反应性123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodo-amphetamine, 123I-IMP 123碘-IMPimplicit memory 内隐记忆imprinting 铭记in vivo 活体直接转移法inactivation 失活inclusion 包涵体inducible NOS，iNOS 诱生型NOSinhibin 抑制素inhibitor-1 抑制物-1inhibitory amino acid，IAA 抑制性氨基酸inhibitory autoreceptor 抑制性自身受体inhibitory postsynaptic current,IPSC 抑制性突触后电流inhibitory postsynaptic potential,IPSP 抑制性突触后电位initial segment,IS 轴突始段inorganicphosphate,Pi 无机磷Inositol, Ino 肌醇inositol-1，4，5-triphosphate，IP3三磷酸肌醇Input pathway 传入通路insulin-like growth factor,IGF 胰岛素样生长因子integrin 整合素Intergeniculate1eaflet，IGL 外侧膝状体膝间小叶interleukin,IL 白细胞介素intermediate zone (IZ) or mantle zone (MZ) 中间层或套层intermesenteric plexus 肠系膜间神经丛interneuronal communication 神经元通讯interneurons 中间神经元interoceptor 内感受器intersegmental reflex 节间反射intracerebral hemorrhage，ICH 脑出血intrafusal muscle fiber 梭内肌纤维inverse agonist 反向激动剂inverse myotatic reflex 反肌伸长反射involuntary nervous system 不随意神经系统ion channel 离子通道IP3-5-phosphomonoesterase，IP3-5-PME IP3磷酸单酯酶isoguvacine 异四氢烟酸Isoproterenol，IP 异丙肾上腺素IV ventricle 第四脑室J-coupling J耦合jet 1ag 快速时区变化综合征，俗称倒时差Jun amino-terminal kinase Jun氨基末端激酶justaglomerular apparatus 旁肾小球装置Kainic acid,KA 海人酸kallikrein-kininogen-kinin，KKK 激肽释放酶一激肽原一激肽ketamine 氯胺酮Kinesthetic aproxia 运动性运用不能kinin 激肽kinocilium 动纤毛knee jerk reflex 膝跳反射knockout,Kn 基因敲除kynurenate 犬尿烯酸Lactate Lac 乳酸laminin 层粘连蛋白late gene 晚期基因late LTP 晚期LTPlateral column (horn) 侧角（柱）lateral inhibition 侧抑制lateral premotor area 外侧前运动区l-dopa 左旋多巴leak out 漏出leak potassium channels “漏钾”通道lectin-like receptor 凝集素样受体leucine rich motif, LRM 亮氨酸富集结构leukemia inhibitory factor receptor β,LIEFβ白血病抑制因子受体βLeukotrie nes 白三烯Lewy body Lewy 小体L-glutamate-γ-hydrazide L-谷氨酸-γ-肼ligand 配体Ligand-gated ion channels 配体门控离子通道Light-dark cyc1e，LD 明-暗周期limb-girdle muscular dystrophy，LGMD 肢带型肌营养不良症Lipid, Lip 脂质lipofectin 阳离子脂质体lipofuscin 脂褐质liposome-mediated DNA transfer 脂质体介导的DNA转移load test 负荷试验local circuit neuron 局部环路神经元local circuits 局部环路local or intrinsic neurons 局部神经元local response 局部反应locomotion 行走运动Long-day breeder 长日繁殖动物Long-term depression,LTD 长时程抑制long-term memory 长时记忆long-term potentiation，LTP 长时程增强lumlar splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经丛luteinzing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH 促黄体生成激素释放激素lymphoidstroma 淋巴样基质lymphorrhage 淋巴溢lysergic acid diethylamide，LSD 麦角二乙酰胺MAG 髓鞘相关糖蛋白magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱学magnetic susceptibility 磁化率major depression 重性抑郁症MAO-B 单胺氧化酶Bmarginal zone (MZ) 缘层MBP 髓鞘碱性蛋白Me1atonin 褪黑激素medial motor cortex 内侧运动区mediator 介质Meissner’s Corpuscle Meissner触觉小体melatonin 褪黑素Meningomyelocele 脊髓脊膜膨出3-mercaptopropionic acid，3-MP 3-巯基丙酸Merkel’s disk Merkel球3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol，MHPG 3-甲氧基-4-羟苯乙二醇5-methoxyindole acetic acid，5-MIAA 5-甲氧基吲哚乙酸α-Methyl-dopa-hydrazine α-甲基多巴肼mesencephalic aqueduct 中脑水管mesencephalic flexure 中脑曲mesencephalic locomotor region,MLR 中脑运动区Mesenchyme 间胚层metabolic imaging 新陈代谢显像metabotropic glutamate receptors，mGluRs 旧称ACPD受体促代谢型谷氨酸受体Metoclopramide 甲氧氯普胺，又称灭吐灵、胃复安micro positron emission tomography, microPET 微型正电子发射式断层仪microbrain system in the heart 心脏微脑系统microcapsule 微囊microcircuits 微环路Microencephaly 脑过小畸形microglical cell 小胶质细胞microneurography 微神经元图microphonic potential, CM 微音器电位microtubule associated protein，MAP 微管相关蛋白midbrain or mesencephalon vesicle 中脑泡miniature end-plate potential,MEPP 微小终板电位mirrorneurons 镜像神经元mitogen 有丝分裂素mitogen-activated protein kinase ，MAP激酶分裂素活化蛋白激酶modality 感觉模态modulator 调质MOG 髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白monoamine oxidase，MAO 单胺氧化酶monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射mood stabilizing drugs 情感心境稳定剂motifs 结构单元motoneuron pool 运动神经元池motor neuron disease 运动神经元疾病motor nucleus 运动核motor unit 运动单位motormap 大脑皮质运动定位图MPP＋, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 1-甲基-4苯基吡啶离子MPTP,1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-etrahydropyridine 1-甲基-4苯基-1, 2, 3, 6-四羟吡啶Mullerian duct inhibiting hormone，MIH 苗勒氏管抑制激素multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化Multiple system atorphy 多系统萎缩muscatinic receptor，M-AChR 毒蕈碱受体，M-受体muscimol 蝇蕈醇muscle spindle 肌梭myllinatio 髓鞘形成myllination 体节myoblasts 成肌细胞myogenic cells 肌源细胞myo-Inositol，mI 内消螺旋肌醇myotatic reflex 肌伸长反射myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症N-acetylaspartate, NAA 氮乙酰天门冬氨酸Natriuretic peptide，ANP 肾内利钠肽n-butyl-β-carboline-3- carboxylate，β-CCB n-丁基-β-咔啉-3-羧酸negative shift 负转化nerve growth factor, NGF 神经生长因子Netrin 网蛋白network 网络neural cell adhesion molecule，NCAM 神经细胞粘连分子neural progenitor cells 神经元前体细胞neuritic thread，NT 神经炎毯neuroblast 成神经细胞neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病neuroeffector junction 神经元-效应器连接neurofibrillary tangle，NFT 神经原纤维缠结neurogliocyte 神经胶质细胞neuroimmunoendocrine network 神经免疫内分泌网络neuroimmunomodulation 神经免疫调制neurokinin, NK 神经激肽neuroleptics 抗精神失常的药物neurolukin 神经白细胞素neuromeres 神经管节（菱形节）Neuron 神经元neuronal NOS，nNOS 神经元型NOSneuronal plasticity 神经元可塑性neuronotrophic factors (NTFs) 神经营养因子neuropeptide K, NPK 神经肽Kneuropeptide Y, NPY 神经肽Yneuropeptide, NP 神经肽neurotensin, NT 神经降压素neurotransmitter coexistence 递质共存neurotrophic factors, NTFs 神经营养因子neurotrophin receptor interacting factor,NRIF NT受体相互作用因子neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR神经营养素受体neurotrophin, NTs 家族神经营养素家族neurotrophin-3 ，NT-3 神经营养素-3 neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5 神经营养素-4/5 neurotrophin-6 神经营养素-6 Neurulation 神经胚形成nicotinid receptor，N-AChR 烟碱受体，N-受体nitrergic 氮能Nitric oxide ，NO 一氧化氮nitric oxide synthase，NOS 一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide，NO 一氧化氮nitroxidergic 一氧化氮能N-methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸nociception 伤害性感受non-adrenergic non- cholinergic，NANC 非肾上腺素能非胆碱能nonassociative learning 非联合性学习non-automatic pathway 控制通路或非自动加工通路nondeclarative memory or implicit memory 非陈述记忆non-directed synapse 非定向突触Nonphotic entrainment 非光源协同化non-proline-directed protein kinase，non-PDPK 非脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶no-reflow 无复流norepinephrine或noradrenaline，NE或NA 去甲肾上腺素Notch Intracellular Domain，NICD 胞内域nuclear bag fiber 核袋纤维nuclear chain fiber 核链纤维nuclear factor-κ gene bindingκ基因结合核因子Nucleus tractus solitarius, NTS 孤束核octreotide 奥曲肽ocular disparity representation 眼差异代表区Ocular Dominance Columns 眼优势柱oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, OPMD 眼咽型肌营养不良症ohosphatidylinositol，ptdlns 磷脂肌醇Okaidaic acid，OA 冈田酸6-OHDA 6-羟基多巴胺oligodendroglia cell 少突胶质细胞omnipause neurons 全暂停神经元open-channel blockers 开放通道阻滞剂operant conditioning reflex 操作式条件反射opioid peptide，OP 阿片肽opioid receptor-like ,ORL 阿片受体样受体opioid receptors 阿片受体optic chiasm 视交叉optokinetic reflex 眼动反射ordered recruitment 有序募集organic sensation 脏器感受orphan receptor 孤儿受体orphanin, OFQ 孤啡肽orthographic processing 字型加工OSP 少突胶质细胞特异蛋白otoacoustic emission，OAE 耳声发射output pathway 传出通路overshoot 超射oxygen free radicals 氧自由基Oxy-hemoglobin, Oxy-Hb 氧合血红蛋白oxytocin, OT 催产素Pacemaker 起律pacemaker细胞P细胞Pacinian Corpuscle 环层小体pain 痛觉paired helical filament，PHF 双螺旋丝pancreatic polypeptide, PP 胰多肽Pandysautonomia 全自主神经功能不全parabrachial area 臂旁区para-chlorophenylalamine，PCPA 对氯苯丙氨酸parallel process 平行过程parallel synapse 平行性突触paramagnetic 顺磁paramedian pontine reticular formation, PPRF 旁正中脑桥网状结构pargyline 帕吉宁parietal pain 壁层痛parieto-premotor channels 顶叶-前运动通路Parkinson’s disease, PD 帕金森病paroxetine 帕罗西汀part per million 化学位移相对值particle bombardment 颗粒轰击技术patch clamp 膜片钳patterned movement 型式化运动p-chloroamphetamine，PCA 对氯苯丙胺penumbra 缺血半暗带peptide YY, PYY 胰多肽样肽perceptual representative system，PRS 知觉表征系统perfusion weighted imaging, PWI 灌注成像perikaryon 核周体phage display 噬菌体展示Phase advance 时相前移Phase de1ay 时相后移Phase response curve，PRC 时相反应曲线Phase shifting 时相位移phencyclidine，PCP 苯环已哌啶（苯环立啶）phenyketonurin 苯丙酮尿症phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase，PNMT 苯乙醇胺氮位甲基移位酶pheochromocytoma cells(PC12) 大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞δ-philanthotoxin(δ-PHTX) 寄生穴蜂毒素phonological processing 语音加工phorbel ester 佛波醇酯phosphalidylinosilol 磷脂酰肌醇Phosphocholine 磷酸胆碱phosphocreatine,PCr 磷酸肌酸phosphodiesterase PDE 磷酸二酯酶phosphodiesters, PDE 磷酸双脂phosphoinositide cycle 肌醇磷脂循环phospholipase C PLC 磷脂酶 C phosphomonoesters, PME 磷酸单脂phosphoprotein phosphatases 磷蛋白磷酸（酯）酶phosphotidyl inositol，PI 磷脂酰肌醇Photoentrainment 光源协同性Photorecepto 光感受器phrenology 颅相学Pinealocytes 松果体细胞pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, PACAP 垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽place coding 部位编码Plasma membrane transporter 膜转运体plasmid vector 质粒载体plasticity 可塑性pletelet-derived growth factor,PDGF 血小板源性生长因子PLP 蛋白脂蛋白poattetanic potentiation 强直后强化point-resolved spectroscopy PRESS 点分辨光谱法polymodal 多模式型polysynaptic reflex 多突触反射pontine flexure 桥曲positron emission tomography，PET 正电子发射断层扫描posterior column (horn) 后柱（角）posterior commissure 后联合Posterior parietal cortex 后顶叶皮质post-receptor defect 受体后缺陷postsynaptic current 突触后电流postsynaptic potential,PSP 突触后电位Premotor cortex area，PM 前运动区preparatory potential 准备电位pre-pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC 前阿黑皮素原pre-protachykinin, PPT 前速激肽原pre-supplementary motor area 前辅助运动区presynaptic inhibition 突触前抑制pretangle 缠结形成前期preterminal N-AChRs 末梢前N-胆碱受体primary afferent depolarization, PAD 初级传入纤维末梢去极化Primary motor cortex，MI 初级运动皮质primary neurons 原代神经元primary non-neuronal cells 原代非神经元细胞primary orthostatic hypotension，亦即Shy-Drager综合征原发性直立性低血压primary sensory ending 初级感觉末梢primilite meninx 原始脑（脊）膜principle of connectional 神经元通信特性原理Principle of dynamic polarizational 神经元极化原理procedural memory 程序记忆programmed cell death 程序性细胞死亡prolactin, PRL 催乳素proline-directed protein kinase，PDPK 脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶propriospinal neuron 脊髓固有神经元prostaglandins，PGs 前列腺素proteasome 泛素蛋白酶小体protective effect 保护作用protein kinase C，PKC 蛋白激酶Cprotein phosphatases,PP 蛋白磷酸酯酶pseudoaffective reaction 伪情感反应Pure Pandysautonomia “全”或“纯”自主神经功能不全putamen 壳核quantal release 递质量子释放quasi visceral pain 准内脏痛123I-quinuclidinyl-benzilate, 123I-QNB 123碘-二苯羟乙酸喹啉酯quinolinic acid QUIN 喹啉酸Quisqualic acid ，QA 使君子（氨）酸radial glial cell 放射胶质细胞radioimmunoassay, RIA 放射免疫分析技术radio-immunu-imaging, RII 放射免疫显像radionuclide imaging techniques 放射性核素显像技术radio-receptor imaging 放射受体显像ragidity 肌僵直Raphe nuclei 中缝核rapid eye movement, REM 快速眼动Rathkes Pouch 拉司克囊Raynaud's Disease and Raynaud's Phenomenom 雷诺氏病及雷诺氏现象receptive field-specificity of the columns 柱的感受野特性receptor 受体receptor for advanced glycation end products，RAGE 晚期糖化终产物受体receptor potential 感受器电位receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK 受体酪氨酸激酶receptor-specificity of columns 柱的感受器特性reciprocal inhibition 交互神经支配reciprocal inhibition 交互抑制reciprocal synapse 交互性突触recurrent inhibition 返回性抑制referred pain 牵涉痛regional cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量regional Cerebral Blood Volume, rCBV 局部脑血容量regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose, rCMRGlu 局部脑葡萄糖代谢率regional Mean Transit Time, rMTT 局部平均通过时间Regulatory subunit 调节亚单位relaxation rate 质子弛豫率relay or principal neurons 接替神经元resetting 重新调定resting membrane potential,RMP或RP 静息膜电位restrictive diffusion 受限弥散retention 保留reticular formation, RF 网状结构Retinohypotha1amic tract；RHT 视丘束retrovirus vector (RV) 逆转录病毒载体reversal current 向膜内流转变为向外流rewarding system 奖赏系统Riley Day综合征, familial dysautonomia 家族性自主神经功能不全risperdal 维思通rodopsin 视紫红质rohombic lips 菱唇Rolipram 罗列普拉roof plate 顶板rostral interstitial nucleus 间质核Ruffini’s corpuscle Ruffini小体Running-wheel 跑动轮rutabaga 傻瓜saccadic eye movement 眼扫视运动scaffolds 脚手架scavenger receptor, SR 清道夫受体schizophrenia 精神分裂症sebsorimotor transformation 感觉运动转化Secondary sensory ending 次级感觉末梢selegiline 司来吉兰selfaggregation 易自聚性semantic memory 语义记忆semantic processing 语义加工semaphorin 导向蛋白senile plaque，SP 老年斑sensitization 敏感化serial synapse 连续性突触serine hydroxymethyl transferase，SHMT 丝氨酸羟甲基移位酶serotonin-type S型set-related 设置相关sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area, SDN-POA 视前区性别双态核shearing motion 剪切运动short latency-abrupt, SL-A 短潜伏期-突发性short latency-sustained, SL-S 短潜伏期-持续性short-term memory 短短时记忆shuntinginhibition 分流抑制shuttle vector 穿梭载体Silent nociceptor 静止痛觉感受器single chain Fv antibody fragment, scFv 单链Fv抗体single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT 单光子发射式计算机断层仪size principle 大小原则skeletofusimotor or beta efferents 骨骼肌梭动纤维或β传出纤维slow transmission 慢速突触传递small fiber neuropathy 小纤维神经病smooth pursuit movement 眼平稳跟踪运动sodium dodecylsulfate，SDS 十二烷基硫酸钠soluble guanylyl cyclase，sGC 鸟苷酸环化酶somatostatin, SS生长抑素somatotopic organization 定位关系somites 体节SP , substance P P物质space constant,r 空间常数spatial pattern 空间构型special summation 空间总和special viseral afferent 特殊内脏传入核团special viseral efferent 特殊内脏传出核团specific 5-HT binding protein，SBP 5-HT结合蛋白SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射计算机断层扫描spike potential 锋电位Spina bifida occulta 隐性脊柱裂spinal shock 脊休克spinalisation 脊髓化spinohypothalamic tract，SHT 脊髓下丘脑束spinoreticular tract, SRT 脊髓网状束。
神经科词汇
abdominal 腹部的abducent (外)展的ablation 切除,风化,消融,除去,切除abrasion 擦除,擦破,磨损,磨耗abscess脓肿accessory 副的,附属的accessory adrenal 副肾上腺Accessory adrenal cortex 副肾上腺皮质accessory adrenal gland 副肾上腺acidosis 酸中毒acoustic 听觉的,听的,听力的,声学的,声音的,听神经的acroasphyxia 肢端缺氧acuity 锐度,敏度,分辨能力acute 急性的,尖锐的adenoma 腺瘤adhesion 粘连,接合,吸附,附着[力],粘着[力]adrenergic 肾上腺素能的afferent 传入的,输入的,向心的,向中枢的affiliate 合并,加入affiliated a.附属的; 有关连的agarose 琼脂糖,琼胶素airway 气道,导气管aldosterome 醛固醇Alkalosis 碱中毒alleviate 减轻(痛苦等),缓和alveolar 肺泡的,牙槽的,小泡的Ambiguus 疑核amine 胺aminergic 胺能的,氨基酸能的amino 氨基amygdaloid 扁桃样的,杏仁样的analysis 分析,检验anastomosis 染色线侧丝,(菌丝)联结现象,吻合anesthesia 感觉缺失,麻木,麻醉anesthesiology 麻醉学anesthetics cabinet 麻醉药贮藏橱aneurysm 动脉瘤angioreticuloma 血管网状内皮瘤angular 角的,角形的,有角的,尖的,用角度量的ansa 袢anterior 前(方,面,端,部,肘)的anterograde 顺行的,前进的anterolateral 前外侧的antidiuretic 抗利尿剂,抗利尿的anuria 无尿症,无尿aortic 主动脉的aorticorenal 主动脉(与)肾的aperture 口,孔,口径,孔径,萌发孔Aponeurotica 腱膜的aqueduct 水管,导水管,渡槽arachnoid 蛛丝状的,蛛网状的,具蛛丝状毛的,蛛网膜archi- 初,原始,旧,原,第一,主要archicerebellum 原小脑arcuate (拉arcuatus)弓形的,弧曲的,弓状的arterial 动脉的arteriovenous 动静脉的ascend 上升,追溯,攀登ascending (拉ascendens)上升的,上行的asepsis 无菌,无毒astrocyte 星形(胶质)细胞auditory 听的,听觉的,耳的aural耳的auricula (复auriculae)耳廓,心耳,心房auricular 耳的,心耳的,心房的,围心腔的auriculotemporal 耳颞(部)的auris (拉)耳autologous 自体的autonomic a. 自治的, 自律的, 自发的avulsion 撕脱(法),抽出术axillary 腋前线axonal 轴突的barrier 屏障,障壁,障碍物,阻挡层basal 基底的,基部的(动)basilar 基底的,基部的,口下极(多足类),基生的biopsy 活组织检查bipolar 双极的,两极的,两极(神经)细胞blast 胚细胞,鼓风,送风,一股(风),一股(气流),一阵(风),炸掉,摧毁block 封闭,阻断brachial 臂的,肱的,腕的brachium 肱,(上)臂,肘脉,前胫节brachium cerebelli 结合臂,小脑上脚brachium conjunctivum(拉)结合臂小脑上脚branch 支流,部门,分科,分支,领域,部bride n.新娘，新媳妇;~ and bridegroom新郎新娘.a child ~童养媳.~-to-be未来新娘.bridegroom n. 新郎buccal 面颊的,口的,颊的,口腔的,口腔含化剂,含剂bulbar 延髓的,球的bypass 旁路,分流术cadaver 尸体,尸体calcarine 距状的,距的calcemia 钙血症calcify v.变成石灰质, 钙化, 使成石灰callosum 胼胝体canal 沟,管,道capillar- 毛细管capillarity n. 毛细管作用, 毛细管现象capsule 荚膜,膜盒,密封舱,分离舱Cardiopulmonary 心肺的carotid 慢性非特异性呼吸疾病。
神经科学专用名词
精要速览系列（影印版）Instant Notes Neuroscience神经科学……………核心词汇翻译参考手册……………………主编杜继曾陈学群浙江大学，玉泉校区，神经生物学和生理学教研室编写者陆新江，王莉，王懿，徐弘同学按章节顺序：Section A Brain cellsA1 Neuron structureNeuron 神经细胞，神经元Subcellular organelles 亚细胞器Nissl body 尼氏体神经元中的粗面内质网形成的聚合物。
Neurite 神经突Axon 轴突Dendrite 树突Mitochondria 线粒体dendritic spines 树突脊树突在神经元上分化成几百个微小投射。
axon hillock 轴丘myelin sheath 髓鞘axon collalterals 轴突分枝terminals 突触末稍varicosities 曲张体microtubules 微管cytoskeleton 细胞骨架A2 Classes and numbers of neurons Morphology 形态学Neurotranmitters 神经递质Unipolar 单极神经元仅有一个树突的神经元。
Bipolar 双极神经元Multipolar 多极神经元Pseudounipolar 假单极神经元生长出两个神经突，但随后融合Pyramidal cell 锥体细胞Purkinje cell 浦肯野氏细胞Projection neuron 投射神经元拥有长轴突的神经元Interneurons 内在神经元拥有短的轴突的神经元Afferent 传入Efferent 传出Sensory neuron 感觉神经元Motor neuron 运动神经元A3 Morphology of chemical synapses electrical synapse 电突触chemical synapse 化学突触synaptic cleft 神经间隙axodendritic synapse 轴树突触轴突与树突之间的突触axosomatic synapse 轴体突触axoaxonal synapse 轴轴突触small clear synaptic vesicles(SSVs) 小清晰突触囊泡在突触前神经元存在的储存递质的囊泡dense projections 致密突起active zone 活性区域postsynaptic density 突触致密物质large dense-core vesicles 巨大致密度中心囊泡A4 glial cells and myelinationGlial cells 胶质细胞是神经细胞的辅助细胞Astrocytes 星状细胞Oligodendrocytes 寡突细胞Schwann cells 许旺氏细胞围绕在神经细胞外的一种胶质细胞，形成髓鞘。
神经科学专用名词
精要速览系列（影印版）Instant Notes Neuroscience神经科学……………核心词汇翻译参考手册……………………主编杜继曾陈学群浙江大学，玉泉校区，神经生物学和生理学教研室编写者陆新江，王莉，王懿，徐弘同学按章节顺序：Section A Brain cellsA1 Neuron structureNeuron 神经细胞，神经元Subcellular organelles 亚细胞器Nissl body 尼氏体神经元中的粗面内质网形成的聚合物。
Neurite 神经突Axon 轴突Dendrite 树突Mitochondria 线粒体dendritic spines 树突脊树突在神经元上分化成几百个微小投射。
axon hillock 轴丘myelin sheath 髓鞘axon collalterals 轴突分枝terminals 突触末稍varicosities 曲张体microtubules 微管cytoskeleton 细胞骨架A2 Classes and numbers of neurons Morphology 形态学Neurotranmitters 神经递质Unipolar 单极神经元仅有一个树突的神经元。
Bipolar 双极神经元Multipolar 多极神经元Pseudounipolar 假单极神经元生长出两个神经突，但随后融合Pyramidal cell 锥体细胞Purkinje cell 浦肯野氏细胞Projection neuron 投射神经元拥有长轴突的神经元Interneurons 内在神经元拥有短的轴突的神经元Afferent 传入Efferent 传出Sensory neuron 感觉神经元Motor neuron 运动神经元A3 Morphology of chemical synapses electrical synapse 电突触chemical synapse 化学突触synaptic cleft 神经间隙axodendritic synapse 轴树突触轴突与树突之间的突触axosomatic synapse 轴体突触axoaxonal synapse 轴轴突触small clear synaptic vesicles(SSVs) 小清晰突触囊泡在突触前神经元存在的储存递质的囊泡dense projections 致密突起active zone 活性区域postsynaptic density 突触致密物质large dense-core vesicles 巨大致密度中心囊泡A4 glial cells and myelinationGlial cells 胶质细胞是神经细胞的辅助细胞Astrocytes 星状细胞Oligodendrocytes 寡突细胞Schwann cells 许旺氏细胞围绕在神经细胞外的一种胶质细胞，形成髓鞘。
神经外科英文词汇
一、神经系统解剖生理单词音标释义diaphragma sallae[ˈdaɪəfræm] [sɑ:l] 鞍膈dorsal thalamus [ˈdɔ:rsl] ['θæləməs] 背侧丘脑brachial plexus ['breɪkɪrl][ˈplɛksəs] 臂丛limbic system ['lɪmbɪk]['sɪstəm] 边缘系统limbic lobe ['lɪmbɪk][lob ] 边缘叶fasciculus gracilis [fə'sɪkjʊləs]['græsɪlɪs]薄束gracicle nucleus ['græsəl]['njuːklɪəs]薄束核lateral ventricle ['lætərəl][ˈvɛntrɪkəl] 侧脑室terochlear nucleus ['trɒklɪr] 车神经核ulnar nerve ['ʌlnə][nɜ:rv] 尺神经cerebrum [səˈri:brəm] 大脑，脑组织Cerebal arterial circle [sə'ribrəl][ɑrˈtɪriəl][ˈsɜ:rkl]大脑动脉环posterior cerebral artery [pɑ:ˈstɪriə][səˈri:brəl][ˈɑ:rtəri]大脑后动脉internalcerebral veins[ɪnˈtɜ:rnl][ven] 大脑内静脉cerebral cortex [ˈkɔ:rteks] 大脑皮质anteriorcerebral artery[ænˈtɪriə(r)] 大脑前动脉cerebrocerebellum ['serɪbroʊˌserə'beləm] 大脑小脑middle cerebral artery [ˈmidl] 大脑中动脉insula ['ɪnsjʊlə] 岛叶subthalamus [sʌb'θæleɪməs] 底丘脑sacral plexus ['seɪkrəl][ˈplɛksəs] 骶丛third ventricle [ˈvɛntrɪkəl] 第三脑室fourth ventricle 第四脑室ectospinal tract [tek'tɒspɪnl][trækt] 顶盖脊髓束pretectal area [pri:'tektəl] 顶盖前区parietal lobe [pə'raɪətəl][loʊb] 顶叶oculomotor nucleus [ˌɒkjʊlə'moʊtə] 动眼神经accessory nucleus of oculomotor [ ækˈsɛsəri][ˌɒkjʊlə'moʊtə]动眼神经副核oculomotor nucleus 动眼神经核lentiform nucleus ['lentɪfɔ:m] 豆状核telencephalon [ˌtelen'sefəlɒn] 端脑frontal lobe [ˈfrʌntl:] 额叶parasympathetic nerve [ˌpærəˌsɪmpə'θetɪk] 副交感神经accessory nerve [ækˈsɛsəri] 副神经accessory nueleus 副神经核radiculomedullary [rædɪkjʊləmɪd'ʒʌlərɪ] 根髓动脉femoral nerve ['femərəl] 股神经chorda tympani ['kɔ:də]['tɪmpənɪ] 鼓索hippocampal formation [ˌhɪpə'kæmpəl] 海马结构海马旁回parahippocampal gyrus [pɑ:rɑ:ɪ'poʊkæmpæl]['dʒaɪrəs]cavernous sinus [ˈkævərnəs][ˈsaɪnəs] 海绵窦Substantia nigra [səb'stænʃɪr]['nɪgrə] 黑质Red nucleus 红核Rubrospinal tract [rju:b'rɒspɪnl][trækt] 红核脊髓束[pɑ:ˈstɪriə] 后交通动脉Posteriorcommunicating arterymetathalamus [ˌmetə'θæləməs] 后丘脑Posterior funiculus [fju:'nɪkjələs] 后索Trochlear nerve ['trɒklɪr] 滑车神经Basilar sinus ['bæsɪlə][ˈsaɪnəs] 基底窦Basilar artery 基底动脉Basal nuclei [ˈbesəl, -zəl] 基底核Spinal nerve [ˈspaɪnəl] 脊神经Posterior脊髓后动脉Spinal arteryAnterior Spinal artery 脊髓前动脉Spinothalamic tract [spaɪnəθæ'læmi:k] 脊髓丘脑束spinocerebellum [spaɪnoʊsər'beləm] 脊髓小脑[spaɪnoʊsər'belə] 脊髓小脑后束Posteriorspinocerebellar tract脊髓小脑前束Anteriorspinocerebellar tractdiencephalon [ˌdaɪen'sefəˌlɒn] 间脑Sympathetic trunk [ˌsɪmpəˈθɛtɪk][trʌŋk] 交感干Sympathetic nerve 交感神经Cervical plexus [ˈsɜ:rvɪkl] 颈丛[kə'rɒtɪd] 颈内动脉Interinalcarotid arteryCervical enlargement [ɪnˈlɑ:rdʒmənt] 颈膨大Tibial nerve ['tɪbɪrl] 胫神经paleocerebellun [peɪ'li:oʊˌserə'beləm] 旧小脑Commissural fibers [kə'mɪʃərəl]['faɪbə] 连合纤维Association fibers [əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃn] 联络纤维Cauda equina ['kaʊdə] 马尾Vagus nerve ['veɪgəs] 迷走神经[ˈdɔ:rsl] 迷走神经背核Dorsal nucleus of VagusnerveFacial nerve [ˈfeʃəl] 面神经nucleus of Facial nerve 面神经核Brain stem [bren][stɛm] 脑干Reticular formation ofthe brain stem[rɪ'tɪkjələ][fɔ:rˈmeɪʃn] 脑干网状结构Cerebralspinal fluid (CSF)[ˈspaɪnəl][ˈfluɪd] 脑脊液Meningeal sinus [mə'nɪndʒɪrl][ˈsaɪnəs] 脑膜窦pons [pɑnz] 脑桥Cerebralarachnoid mater[ə'ræknɔɪd] 脑蛛网膜Medial lemniscus [ˈmi:diəl][lem'nɪskəs] 内侧丘系Medial geniculate body [dʒə'nɪkjəlɪt] 内侧膝状体Medial longitudinal fasciculus [ˌlɑ:ndʒəˈtu:dnl][fə'sɪkjələs]内侧纵束Internal capsule [ˈkæpsul] 内囊Visceral motor nerve [ˈvɪsərəl][ˈmoʊtə(r)] 内脏运动神经Temporal lobe [ˈtempərəl] 额叶Corticonuclear tract [kɔ:tɪkˈnu:kliə(r)] 皮质核束Corticospinal tract [kɔ:tɪ'kɒspɪnl] 皮质脊髓束Corpus callosum [ˈkɔ:rpəs][kɑ:'loʊsəm] 胼胝体claustrum ['klɔ:strəm] 屏状核Anterior funiculus [fju:'nɪkjələs] 前索Vestibular nerve [ves'tɪbjʊlə] 前庭神经Vestibulospinal tract [vestɪbjʊloʊ'spaɪnəl] 前庭脊髓束Vestibular nuclei 前庭神经核Vestibulocochlear['vestɪbjʊloʊkoʊklɪrər] 前庭蜗神经nerveVestibulocerebellum [vestɪbjʊloʊsəɪr'beləm] 前庭小脑Commissure of fornix ['kɒmɪˌʃʊr]['fɔ:nɪks] 穹窿连和thalamus ['θæləməs] 丘脑Radial nerve [ˈrediəl] 桡神经Flocculonodular lobe [flɒkjʊloʊ'nɒdjʊlə(r)绒球小结叶]Pia mater [ˈpaɪə, ˈpiə] 软脑膜Trigeminal lemniscus [traɪ'dʒemənl]三叉丘系[lem'nɪskəs]Trigeminal nerve 三叉神经[ˈmoʊtə(r)] 三叉神经运动核Motor nucleusof Trigeminal nerve[mesensɪ'fælɪk] 三叉神经中脑核Mesencephalic nucleusof Trigeminal nerve['ɒləˌverɪ] 上橄榄核Superior olivarynucleusMaxillary nerve [mæk'sɪlərɪ] 上颌神经epithalamus [epɪ'θæləməs] 上丘脑Ascending reticular activating system，ARAS [əˈsɛndɪŋ][rɪ'tɪkjələ][ˈæktəˌvet]上行网状激动系统Hypoglossal nerve [ˌhaɪpə'glɒsəl] 舌下神经Hypoglossal nucleus 舌下神经核Glossopharyngeal nerve [ˌglɒsoʊfə'rɪndʒɪrl] 舌咽神经Optic chiasma [ˈɑ:ptɪk][kaɪ'æzmə] 视交叉Supraoptic nucleus [sju:prə'ɒptɪk] 视上核Optic nerve 视神经Paraventricularnucleus[pɑ:rəvent'rɪkjʊlə] 视旁核Pineal body [paɪˈni:əl] 松果体Projection fibers [prəˈdʒɛkʃən] 投射纤维Lateral lemniscus [ˈlætərəl] 外侧丘系Lateral funiculus [fju:'nɪkjələs] 外侧索Lateral geniculatebody[dʒə'nɪkjəlɪt] 外侧膝状体Reticulospinal tract [rɪ'tɪkjəlˈspaɪnəl] 网状脊髓束Caudate nucleus ['kɔ:deɪt] 尾状核Corpus striatum [ˈkɔ:rpəs][str'ɪeɪtəm] 纹状体Cochlear nerve ['kɒklɪr] 蜗神经Cochlear nuclei 蜗神经核Infeiior olivary[ɪnˈfɪriə(r)]['ɒləˌverɪ] 下橄榄核nucleusMandibular nerve [mæn'dɪbjələ] 下颌神经hypothalamus [ˌhaɪpoˈθæləməs] 下丘脑cerebellum [serə'belə] 小脑Cerebellar hemisphere [ˌserə'beləm][ˈhemɪsfɪr] 小脑半球Tonsil of cerebellum [ˈtɑ:nsl] 小脑扁桃体Cerebellar nuclei 小脑核Cerebellar cortex [ˈkɔ:rteks] 小脑皮质vermis ['vɜ:mɪs] 小脑蚓Fasciculus cuneatus [fə'sɪkjələs] 楔束Cuneate nucleus ['kju:nɪɪt] 楔束核neocerebellum ['niːəʊ,serɪ'beləm] 新小脑Amygdaloid body [ə'mɪgdəˌlɔɪd] 杏仁体Olfactory brain [ɑ:lˈfæktəri] 嗅脑Olfactory nerve 嗅神经Medulla oblongata [mɪ'dʌlə][ɒblɒŋ'ɡɑ:tə] 延髓Ophthalmic nerve 眼神经Lumbar plexus [ˈlʌmbə(r)][ˈplɛksəs] 腰丛['lʌmboʊseɪkrəl] 腰骶膨大LunbosacralenlargementAxillary nerve [æksɪlərɪ] 腋神经Saphenous nerve [sə'fi:nəs] 隐神经Cerebral dura mater ['djʊrə] 硬脑膜archicerebellum [ˈɑ:rkˌserə'beləm] 原小脑Abducent nerve [æb'dju:sənt] 展神经Abducens nucleus [æb'dju:sənz] 展神经核Occipital lobe [ɒk's ɪpətəl] 枕叶Median nerve 正中神经mesencephalon [ˌmesen'sefəˌlɒn] 中脑Central canal [ˈsɛntrəl][kəˈnæl] 中央管Postcentral gyrus [poʊst'sentrəl]['dʒaɪrəs]中央后回Precentral gyrus [p'rɪsentrəl] 中央前回Vertebral artery [ˈvə:tibrəl] 椎动脉Pyramidal tract ['pɪrəmɪdl] 锥体束Autonomic berve [ˌɔ:tə'nɒmɪk] 自主神经Sciatic nerve [saɪˈætɪk] 坐骨神经二、脑水肿、脑疝、脑死亡brain edema [ɪ'di:mə] 脑水肿Intracranial pressure，ICP [ˌɪntrə'kreɪnɪrl][ˈprɛʃɚ]颅内压ionic brain edema [aɪˈɑ:nɪk] 离子性脑水肿Hydrocephalic [haɪdroʊse'fælɪk] 脑积水性脑水肿brain edemaBrain hernia [ˈhɜ:rniə] 脑疝Cerebral death [dɛθ] 脑死亡Ischemiccerebral edema[ɪs'ki:mɪk] 缺血性脑水肿Osmotic brain edema [ɒz'mɒtɪk] 渗透压性脑水肿papilledema [pæpɪlɪ'di:mə] 视乳头水肿Water channel protein，aquaporin，AQP [ˈproʊti:n]['ækwəpərɪn]水通道蛋白Cytotoxic brain edema [saɪtə'tɒksɪk] 细胞毒性脑水中Vasogenic brain edema 血管源性脑水肿Subfalcial herniation [sʌb'fæsɪrl][ˌhɜ:nɪ'eɪʃən]大脑镰下疝Transtentorialherniation小脑幕切迹疝Upward Transtentorialherniation[ˈʌpwərd] 小脑幕切迹上升疝三、神经系统查体Proprioceptive sensations [ˌproʊprɪr'septɪv][sɛnˈseʃən]本体感觉Patellar clonus [pə'telə] ['kləʊnəs] 髌阵挛Brudzinski sign 布鲁金斯基征gaits [ɡet] 步态Tactile [ˈtæktl] 触觉Cluster headache，CH [ˈklʌstɚ][ˈhɛdˌek] 丛集性头痛Hemicrania [ˌhemɪ'kreɪnɪr] 偏头痛Hemicrania simplex ['sɪmpleks] 单纯性偏头痛Hemicrania epilepsia ['epɪlepsɪr] 癫痫性偏头痛orientation [ˌɔ:riənˈteɪʃn] 定向力Light reflexes [ˈriˌflɛks] 对光反射Sweat test [swɛt] 发汗试验Episodictension headache[ˌepɪˈsɑ:dɪk][ˈtɛnʃən] 发作性紧张性头痛reflexes [ˈriˌflɛks] 反射Beat-back test [bit] 反击征试验Near reaction [nɪr] 辐辏反射Combined sensation [kəmˈbaɪnd][sɛnˈseʃən] 复合感觉Abdominal reflex [æbˈdɑ:mɪnl] 腹壁反射Sensory conduction Velocity，SCV [ˈsɛnsəri][kənˈdʌkʃən][vəˈlɑ:səti]感觉神经传导速度Sensory system 感觉系统Sensory aura [ˈɔrə] 感觉先兆Gait of sensory [əˈtæksiə] 感觉性共济失调性步态ataxiasensory aphasia [əˈfeʒə] 感觉性失语Anal reflex ['enl] 肛门反射Gowers maneuver [məˈnuvɚ, -ˈnju-] 高娃试验Achilles reflex [əˈkɪliz] 跟反射Heel-to-shin test [hil][ʃɪn] 跟膝胫反射Biceps reflex [ˈbaɪˌsɛps] 肱二头肌反射Triceps reflex [ˈtraɪˌsɛps] 肱三头肌反射ataxia [əˈtæksiə] 共济失调Ataxic gaits [ə'tæksɪk] 共济失调步态coordination [koʊˌɔ:rdɪˈneɪʃn] 共济运动dysarthria [dɪs'ɑ:θri:ə] 构音障碍Ankle clonus [ˈæŋkəl] 踝阵挛Circumduction gait [ˌsəkəm'dʌkʃən] 环行步态coma [ˈkoʊmə] 昏迷stupor [ˈstu:pə(r)] 昏睡状态[ˈmærɪtl][ˈmɛnstruəl] 婚育史与月经史Marital history &Menstrual historyDystrophic gait [dɪ'stroʊfɪk] 肌营养不良步态Muscle tone [ˈmʌsəl][toʊn] 肌张力基底动脉偏头痛Basilar arterymigraineImmediate recall [ɪˈmidiɪt][rɪˈkɔl] 即刻记忆calculation [ˌkælkjəˈleʃən] 计算力memory [ˈmɛməri] 记忆力History of past illness [ˈɪlnɪs] 既往史Secondary headache [ˈsekənderi] 继发性头痛Familial hemiplegic Migraine，FHM [fəˈmɪljəl][he'mɪpli:dʒɪk][ˈmaɪgreɪn]家族性偏瘫性偏头痛Consensual lightreflex[kən'senʃʊrl] 间接对光反射Scissors gait [ˈsɪzərz] 剪刀步态Corneal reflex ['kɔ:nɪrl] 角膜反射Tension headache [ˈtɛnʃən] 紧张性头痛Recent memory [ˈrisənt] 近记忆Neck-tongue syndrome [nɛk][tʌŋ] 颈-舌综合征Spastic gaits [ˈspæstɪk] 痉挛步态Resting tremors ['restɪŋ][ˈtrɛmɚ] 静止性震颤Spastic paralysis [pəˈrælɪsɪs] 痉挛性瘫痪Giant cell arteritis [ˈdʒaɪənt]['ɑ:təraɪtɪs] 巨细胞动脉炎Kernig sign 克尼格征Steppage gait [ˈstɑ:pɪdʒ] 跨阈步态Supraorbital neuralgia [ˌsu:prə'ɔ:bɪtəl] 眶上神经痛[nʊˈrældʒə]Cortical spreadingdepression[dɪˈprɛʃən] 扩散性大脑皮质抑制Benign paroxysmal vertigo [bɪˈnaɪn][ˌpærək'sɪzməl][ˈvɜ:rtɪgoʊ]良性发作性眩晕Two-pointdiscrimination[dɪˌskrɪməˈneʃən] 两点辨别觉Romberg sign 罗姆伯格征Twilight state [ˈtwaɪˌlaɪt] 朦胧状态Nominal aphasia [ˈnɑ:mɪnl] 命名性失语Meningeal irritation [mə'nɪndʒɪrl][ˌɪrɪˈteʃən] 脑膜刺激征Cerebrovasculardisease[ˌserəbroʊ'væskjələ] 脑血管病Torsion spasm [ˈtɔ:rʃn][ˈspæzəm] 扭转痉挛Snout reflex [snaʊt] 努嘴反射dermatographia [dɜ:mətə'græfɪr] 皮肤划痕症hemiballismus [hemɪbæ'lɪzməs] 偏身投掷Migraine equivalentsyndromes[ɪˈkwɪvələnt] 偏头痛等位症Superficial reflex [ˌsu:pərˈfɪʃl] 浅反射Superficial sensation 浅感觉Grasp reflex [græsp] 强握反射Tactile sensation [ˈtæktl] 轻触觉Decerebrate rigidity [di:'serəˌbreɪt][rɪˈdʒɪdɪ去皮质强直ti]Brachiradialis reflex [breɪtʃɪr'reɪdɪrlɪs] 桡骨膜反射Deep reflex 深反射Deep sensation 深感觉Physiological reflexes [ˌfɪziəˈlɑdʒɪkəl] 生理反射baragnosis [bæræɡn'ɡoʊsɪs] 失辩重能dyslexia [dɪsˈlɛksiə] 失读症Agraphia [ə'ɡræfɪr] 失写症stereognosis [ˌsterɪɒg'noʊsɪs] 实体觉astereognosis [æs'teri:oʊɡnoʊsɪs] 实体觉缺失Visual aura [ˈvɪʒuəl][ˈɔrə] 视觉先兆Visual acuity [əˈkjuɪti] 视敏度Visual fields [fild] 视野somnolence ['sɑ:mnələns] 嗜睡状态athetosis [ə'ðetoʊsɪs] 手足徐动Pilomotor response [paɪloʊ'moʊtə][rɪˈsp竖毛反应ɑ:ns]Accommodation reflex [əˌkɑ:məˈdeɪʃn] 调节反射Cremasteric reflex [k'remɑ:stərɪk] 提睾反射Postural tests [ˈpɑ:stʃərəl] 体位性试验mydriasis [mɪ'draɪəsɪs] 瞳孔散大miotic [maɪ'ɒtɪk] 瞳孔缩小Painful ophthalmoplegia [ˈpenfəl][ɒfˌθælmə'pli:dʒɪr]痛性眼肌麻痹headache 头痛dizziness [ˈdɪzɪnəs] 头晕graphesthesia [ɡrɑ:fes'ði:zɪr] 图形觉graphanesthesia [ɡræfeɪ'nesθi:zɪr] 图形觉缺失Temperature sensation [ˈtemprətʃə(r)] 温度觉Migraine without aura，MO无先兆偏头痛Choreic movements [kɔ:'ri:ɪk]['mu:vmənts]舞蹈样运动Suck reflex [sʌk] 吸吮反射Patellar reflex [pə'telə] 膝反射Jaw-jeck reflex [dʒɔ] 下颌反射Migraine with aura，MA 先兆偏头痛Aura symptoms 先兆症状History of presentillness现病史Gait of cerebellarAtaxia小脑性共济失调步态Cerebellar mutism [ˈmjuˌtɪzəm] 小脑性缄默症Shock [ʃɑ:k] 休克Vascular-supraspinal-myogenic model，VSM[maɪɒ'dʒenɪk] 血管-脊髓上-肌源模式Queckenstedt’s test 压颈试验（奎肯施泰特试验）Pressure sensation 压觉Eyelids and palpebral fissures ['aɪlɪds]['pælpɪbrəl]['fɪʃəz]眼球位置与运动nystagmus [nɪs'tægməs] 眼球震颤Oculocardiac reflex ['ɒkjʊloʊkɑ:dɪæk] 眼心反射Abnormal movements [æbˈnɔ:rml] 异常运动confusion [kənˈfjuʒən] 意识混浊Intention tremors [ɪnˈtɛnʃən][ˈtrɛmɚ] 意向性震颤Primary headache [ˈpraɪmeri] 原发性头痛Remote memory [rɪˈmoʊt] 远记忆hyperkinesis [ˌhaɪpəkɪ'nɪsɪs] 运动功能亢进hyperopia [ˌhaɪpə'roʊpɪr] 远视Kinetic deviation test [kɪˈnɛtɪk, kaɪ-][ˌdiviˈeʃən]运动偏离试验Motor aura 运动先兆Motor aphasia 运动性失语症Motor tremors 运动性震颤Motor evoked potential [pəˈtɛnʃəl] 运动诱发电位delirium [dɪˈlɪriəm] 谵妄状态Tandem position [ˈtændəm] 站立姿势Palmomental reflex 掌颏反射clonus ['kləʊnəs] 震颤Finger-to-nose test [ˈfɪŋɡɚ] 指鼻试验baragnosis [bæræɡn'ɡoʊsɪs] 重量失认Chief complaint [tʃif][kəmˈplent] 主诉Postural tremors [ˈpɑ:stʃərəl] 姿势性震颤[ˌɔ:tə'nɒmɪk] 自主神经系统Autonomic nervoussystemPlantar reflex [ˈplæntɚ, -ˌtɑr] 足跖反射Sitting position 坐位。
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中英文专业对照表acetylcholinesterase，AChE 乙酰胆碱酯酶α--amino-3-hydroxy- 5methyl- 4-isoxa -zoleppropionate，AMPA α-氨基-羟基-5-甲基-4-异噁唑-丙酸accessory 附属细胞acetyl coenzyme A，乙酰CoA 乙酰辅酶AAcetylcholine，ACh 乙酰胆碱acid-sensing ionic channel，ASIC 酸敏感离子通道acquisition 获得action potential,AP 动作电位Acute autonomic paralysis,Acute dysautonomia 急性自主神经功能不全adapter protein 衔接子蛋白adeno-associated virus (AAV) 腺病毒相关病毒载体adenosindeaminase (ADA) 腺苷脱苷酶adenosine triphosphate,α、β、γATP 三磷酸腺adenovirus vector (AdV) 腺病毒载体adenylyl cyclase, AC 腺苷酸环化酶ADP-ribosylation ADP核酶化adrenal medulla chromaffin cell 肾上腺髓质嗜铬细胞adrenocorticotropic hormone releasing hormone, ACTH 促肾上腺激素释放激素advanced glycation end products，AGEs 晚期糖化终产物Agenesis of corpus callosum 胼胝体不发育agrin 聚集蛋白airway hyperresponsiveness,AH 气道高反应性A-kinase-anchoring-protein,AKAP 锚定蛋白alar plate 翼板allodynia 触诱发痛alpha – gamma coactivation α-γ共同激活Alzheimer disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病aminoguanidine，AG 氨基胍aminoxyacetic acid，AOAA 氨氧乙酸Ammon 海马amnesiac 没记性amphetamine 苯丙胺β- amyloid deposition Aβ沉积β- amyloid pre-protein, β-APP β-淀粉样前体蛋白β-amyloid protein,β-AP β-淀粉样蛋白Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症anatomically addressedsynapse 解剖定向突触Anencephaly 无脑畸形angiotensinogen, AGT 血管紧张素原angiotensin或angiotonin，Ang 血管紧张素anisotropi 弥散的各向异性anterior column (horn) 前柱（角）antidiuretic hormone, ADH 抗利尿激素antigen-presenting cells，APC 抗原提呈细胞anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide 反义寡脱氧核苷酸anti-sense techniques 反义技术apoptosis body 凋亡小体apoptosis inducing factor, AIF 细胞凋亡诱导因子apparent diffusion coefficient，ADC 表观弥散系数arginine-vasopressin, AVP 精氨酸升压素arm projection neurons 臂投射神经元aromatic alkylamine N-methyl transferase，AANMT 芳香烃胺氮位甲基移位酶aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase，AADC 芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶Arrhythmicity 无节律artery spin labeling, ASL 动脉质子自旋标记法association region 联合区associative learning 联合性学习astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Atrial natriuretic factor，ANF 心钠素atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 心房钠尿肽attention deficit hyperactive disorder, ADHD注意力障碍多动症autocoids 局部激素或自身活性物质autogenetic inhibition 自生性抑制automatic pathway 自动加工通路Autonomic Nervous System 自主神经系统autoreceptor 自身受体axon 轴突baclofen 氯苯氨基丁酸ball and chain model 球与链模型band pass filter 带通滤波器barrel field 桶区basal plate 基板Bedding 笼底铺垫物benzodiazepine，BZ 安定bicuculline 荷包牡丹碱Biological clock 生物钟biotin-avidin system 生物素-亲合素系统black widow spider venom 黑寡妇蜘蛛毒blood brain barrier，BBB 血-脑屏障Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent, BOLD 血氧水平依赖blood perfusion imaging 血流灌注显像bolus injection 团注bone marrow stem cells 骨髓干细胞bradykinesia 运动徐缓bradykinin, BK 缓激肽brain ischemia 脑缺血brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,BDNF 脑源性神经营养因子α-bungarotoxin，α-BGT α-银环蛇毒Bursts of openings 爆发型开放buspirone 丁螺环酮Ca2+ -overload Ca2+ 超载cadherin,CAD 钙粘着蛋白Calcineurin 钙调蛋白calcitonin gene-related peptide, CGRP 降钙素基因相关肽calcitonin, CT 降钙素calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II，CaM KII 钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶II Calpain 钙离子依赖性中性蛋白水解酶Calyculin A，CA 花萼海绵诱癌素cAMP response element binding protein ，CREB-1 cAMP反应元件结合蛋白-1 β-carboline β-咔啉类化合物casein kinase-1，CK-1 酪蛋白激酶-1caspase 半胱氨酸/天冬氨酰蛋白酶Catalytic subunit 催化亚单位catecholamine，CA 儿茶酚胺catechol-o-methyl transferase，COMT 儿茶酚胺-氧位-甲基转移酶Caudal subnuclei 尾侧亚核caudate nucleus 尾核celiac plexus 腹腔神经丛cell apoptosis 细胞凋亡cell death gene (ced) 细胞死亡基因cell division cycle，cdc 细胞分裂周期cell engineering antibody techniques 细胞工程抗体技术cell line 细胞系cell lineage 细胞谱系cell therapy 细胞治疗cells adhesion molecules (CAMs) 细胞粘着分子central benzuzepine receptor 中枢性BZ受体central nervous system (CNS) 中枢神经系统central pattern generator,CPG 中枢构型发生器ceramide 神经酰胺cerebellar plate 小脑板cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral vasospasm，CVS 脑血管痉挛cervical flexure 颈曲cGMP-dependent protein kinase，CG-PK或PKG cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶chemical shift imaging CSI 化学位移成像chemically addressed synapse 化学定向突触chemoattraction 化学吸引chemokine 趋化因子chemorepulsion 化学排斥chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪cholecystokinin, CCK 缩胆囊素choline acetyltransferase，ChAT 胆碱乙酰基转位酶Choline, Cho 胆碱Cholineacetylase，ChAC 胆碱乙酰化酶cholinergic differentiation factor/leukemia inhibitory factor 胆碱分化因子/白血病细胞抑制因子chorda mesoderm 脊索中胚层ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor α,CNTFRα睫状神经营养因子受体αciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF 睫状神经营养因子cingulate motor cortex 扣带运动区Circadian osci11ator 日节律Circadian pacemaker 日起律器Circadian time，CT 日时Circadian timing system 日节律定时系统clasp-knife reflex 折刀反射classical conditioning reflex 经典条件反射clonidine 氯压定clozapine 氯氮平co-agonist 辅助激动剂cocaine 可卡因cochlear Potential 耳蜗电位cognitive stimulation imaging 认知激活显像collapsin 萎陷蛋白colliculur plate 丘板conditioned response 条件反应conditioned stimulus，CS 条件刺激conjugate eye movement 联合眼运动connexon 连接蛋白Constant darkness∶DD 无光照的恒暗constitutive secretory 非Aβ源性途径或构成型分泌constitutive NOS，cNOS 结构型或原生型NOScontext -dependent 前后关系相依赖的convergence 会聚convergence-facilitation theory 会聚-易化学说convergence-projection theory 会聚-投射学说coordination bonds 配位键cortical atrophy 大脑皮质萎缩cortical plate 皮质板corticormotoneuronalcell，CM细胞皮质运动神经元corticostriatal loops 皮层-纹状体攀corticotropin releasing factor，CRF 促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH 促皮质激素释放激素counter-response 对抗反应Creatine/Phosphocreatine, Cr/PCr 肌酸/磷酸肌酸creep 蠕变Creulzfeldt-Jakob disease,CJD 海绵状脑病cross cerebellar dysconnection，CCD 交叉性小脑联系不能crossed extension reflex 交叉伸反射或对侧伸肌反射cross-linking 广泛交联cross-talk 对话cyclic ADP-ribdse，cADPR 环ADP-核糖cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase，PKA 环磷酸腺苷依赖性蛋白激酶cyclin-dependent kinase，cdk 周期蛋白依赖性激酶Cycloheximide 环己亚胺，一种蛋白合成抑制剂cycloleucine 环亮氨酸Cyclosporin A ,CSA 环胞菌素Acytokine 细胞因子DAT , dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Deactivation 去活化decerebrate rigidity 去大脑僵直declarative memory or explicit memory 陈述记忆degranulation 脱粒delayed neuronal death，DND 迟发性神经元坏死delayed neuronal degeneration，DND 延迟性神经细胞退化delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) 迟发性CVSdendrite 树突dendritic cells 树状突细胞Deoxy-hemoglobin, Deoxy-Hb 脱氧血红蛋白Derepression 去抑制diacylglycerol，DAG 二酰基甘油diaschisis，DC 远隔离机能障碍diazepam binding inhibitor，DBI 致焦虑肽diencephalon vesicle 间脑泡diffuce noxious inhibitory controls, DNIC 广泛伤害抑制diffusible inducing factor 可扩散诱导因子diffusion weighted imaging, DWI 弥散加权成像diffusion-sensitizing gradient pulses，DSGP 弥散敏感梯度脉冲18F-DOPA 18氟-多巴directed synapse 定向突触dishabituation 去习惯化disinhibition 去抑制divergence 分散DNA fragmentation factor, DFF DNA断裂因子docking 搭靠docking 锚靠doctrine of specific nerve energies 特殊神经能量定律dopa-decarboxylase，DDC 多巴脱羧酶dopamine β–hydroxylase，DβH 多巴胺-β-羟化酶Dopamine ,DA 多巴胺Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein, DARPP32 多巴胺和cAMP调节的32kDa磷蛋白dopamine transporter 多巴胺转运体Dopa-responsive dystonia 多巴反应性肌张力障碍droperidol 氟哌啶Drosophira；Fruit- fly 果蝇dual nerve supply 双重神经支配Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD 假肥大型肌营养不良症dunce 笨蛋dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic response 动态反应dynamic stretch reflex 动态牵张反射dynorphin，Dyn 强啡肽dystroglycan 肌营养不良蛋白多糖dystrophin 肌营养不良素early gene 早期基因early LTP 早期LTPecho planar imaging, EPI 回波平面成像Ectoderm 外胚层ectomeninx 外脑（脊）膜effector cells 效应细胞elaborate semantic retrival 精细复述提取elctrogenic potassium pump 生电性钾泵electrochemical potential,μ电化学电位electrotonic synapse 电紧张突触encapsulated cells 包囊细胞endocochlear potenyial,EP 耳蜗内电位endogenous opioid peptides 内源性阿片样肽endomeninx 内脑膜endorphlins 内啡肽类endothelial NOS，eNOS 内皮NOSendothelin, ET 内皮素endothelium Ec 微血管内皮细胞endothelium-derived relaxing factor，EDRF 内皮细胞源性血管舒张因子ENK , enkephalin 脑啡肽enterochromaffin cell 嗜铬细胞Entrainment 协同性epidermal grouth factor,EGF 表皮生长因子epilepsy 癫痫epinephrine或adrenaline，E或AD 肾上腺素episodic memory 事件记忆Erythromalalgia 红斑性肢痛症event related potential, ERP事件相关电位ex vivo 离体转移法excitatory amino acid ，EAA 兴奋氨基酸excitatory postsynaptic current,EPSC 兴奋性突触后电流excitatory postsynaptic potential,EPSP 兴奋性突触后电位exocytosis 胞吐exteroceptor 外感受器extinction 消退extracellular signal related protein kinase，ERKs 细胞外信号相关的蛋白激酶facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, FSHD 面肩肱型肌营养不良症fast transmission 快速突触传递18F-2-F-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 18F-FDG 18氟-2-氟代-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖feedforward inhibition 前馈抑制fibroblast growt factor,FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子final pathway 最后通路Firing rate 放电频率fixating system 眼固定系统flexion reflex afferents,FRAs 屈肌反射传入纤维flexor reflex 屈肌反射floor plate 底板6-fluotryptophan 6-氟色氨酸fluoxetine 氟西汀forebrain or prosencephalon vesicle 前脑泡Forkhead 叉头蛋白，一种诱导凋亡的转录因子Forskolin，FK 富司克林520free choline 游离胆碱Free induction decay FID 自由感应衰减Freerunning 自律Frequency coding 频率编码functional magnetic resonance imaging，fMRI 功能性核磁共振显像functional MRI, fMRI 脑功能磁共振成像fusion 融合GABA -氨基丁酸Gadolinium,Gd 钆galanin, Gal 甘丙肽gap junction 缝隙连接gating currents 门控电流GDNF, glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor 胶质源性神经营养因子gene augmentation 基因增强gene constraint 基因抑制gene correction 基因修正gene engineering antibody techniques 基因工程抗体技术gene inactivation 基因失活gene replacement 基因置换gene therapy 基因治疗gene transfer techniques 基因转染技术general somatic afferent 一般躯体传入核团general somatic efferent 一般躯体传出核团general viseral efferent 一般内脏传出核团generator potential 发生器电位genetically engineered cells 遗传工程细胞或遗传修饰细胞Genicu1ohypotha1amic tract,GHT 膝丘束glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF 胶质细胞源性神营养因子globus pallidus 苍白球Glutamate/Glutamine, Glu /Gln, 总称Glx 谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺glutamic acid decarboxylase，GAD 谷氨酸脱羧酶glutathione S-trasferase，GSTM1 谷胱甘肽硫基转移酶glycation 异常糖化Glycerophosphocholine 甘油磷酸胆碱130kDa glycoprotein gp130glycoprotein 糖蛋白glycosylation 糖基化glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage,GPI 糖基磷脂酰肌醇键goaldirected 目标指向gonadotropin releasing hormone, GnRH 促性腺激素释放激素Gr kinase 大鼠小脑源性钙/钙调素-依赖性蛋白激酶gradient echo 梯度回波graphesthesia 书写觉growth cone 生长锥growth hormone releasing hormone, GRH 生长激素释放激素growth hormone, GH 生长激素GSH , glutathione 谷胱甘肽guanine nucleoside regulatory proteins 鸟核苷酸调节蛋白，G调节蛋白，简称G蛋白Guillain-Barre syndrome, GBS 格林-巴利综合征habituation 习惯化Half-Center model 半中枢模式haloperidol 氟哌啶醇hand manipulation neurons 手操作神经元hand-eye coordination neurons 手-眼协调神经元hematopoietic cytokines 成血细胞因子heme 血红素hemeostasis 自稳调节hemicholinum-3，HC-3 密胆碱-3herpes simples virus (HSV) 单纯疱疹病毒载体heteroceptors 异源受体heterodimer 异质二聚体high molecular weight-MAP，HMW-MAP 微管相关蛋白hindbrain or rhombencephalon vesicle 后(菱)脑泡hippocampus 海马hirudin 水蛭素histamine 组胺homobox genes (Hox) 同源盒基因homogeneity 同源性homophilic 同种亲和homoreceptor 同源受体homovanillic acid，HVA 高香草酸hormone 激素human sodium/iodine transporter, h Na/Itransporter 人钠/碘同向转运体Huntington disease, HD 亨廷顿病hydrazinopropionic acid 肼基丙酸6-hydroxydopa 6-羟多巴hydroxyindole-o-methyl transferase，HIOMT 羟基吲哚氧位甲基移位酶5-hydroxyindole acetic acid，5-HIAA 5-羟吲哚乙酸3，4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid，DOPAC 3，4-双羟苯乙酸5-hydroxytryptamine transporter, 5-HTT5-羟色胺转运体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase，5-HTPDC 5-羟色氨酸脱羧酶hyperalgesia 痛觉过敏hypercolum 超柱hyperkinesia 运动过度hyperkplexia 惊厥病hypokinesia 运动减少Hypophysiotrophic area,HTA 下丘脑促垂体区idiopathic orthostatic hypotension 特发性直立性低血压imaging agent 显像剂imaging fusion techniques, image registration techniques 图像融合技术imaging techniques 显像技术immediate early genes ，IGEs 即刻早期基因immortalized cell 永生细胞immunnoisolated cell therapy 免疫隔离细胞疗法Immunologically privileged organ 与免疫系统作用“隔绝”的“特赦”器官immunoreactivity 免疫反应性123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodo-amphetamine, 123I-IMP 123碘-IMPimplicit memory 内隐记忆imprinting 铭记in vivo 活体直接转移法inactivation 失活inclusion 包涵体inducible NOS，iNOS 诱生型NOSinhibin 抑制素inhibitor-1 抑制物-1inhibitory amino acid，IAA 抑制性氨基酸inhibitory autoreceptor 抑制性自身受体inhibitory postsynaptic current,IPSC 抑制性突触后电流inhibitory postsynaptic potential,IPSP 抑制性突触后电位initial segment,IS 轴突始段inorganicphosphate,Pi 无机磷Inositol, Ino 肌醇inositol-1，4，5-triphosphate，IP3三磷酸肌醇Input pathway 传入通路insulin-like growth factor,IGF 胰岛素样生长因子integrin 整合素Intergeniculate1eaflet，IGL 外侧膝状体膝间小叶interleukin,IL 白细胞介素intermediate zone (IZ) or mantle zone (MZ) 中间层或套层intermesenteric plexus 肠系膜间神经丛interneuronal communication 神经元通讯interneurons 中间神经元interoceptor 内感受器intersegmental reflex 节间反射intracerebral hemorrhage，ICH 脑出血intrafusal muscle fiber 梭内肌纤维inverse agonist 反向激动剂inverse myotatic reflex 反肌伸长反射involuntary nervous system 不随意神经系统ion channel 离子通道IP3-5-phosphomonoesterase，IP3-5-PME IP3磷酸单酯酶isoguvacine 异四氢烟酸Isoproterenol，IP 异丙肾上腺素IV ventricle 第四脑室J-coupling J耦合jet 1ag 快速时区变化综合征，俗称倒时差Jun amino-terminal kinase Jun氨基末端激酶justaglomerular apparatus 旁肾小球装置Kainic acid,KA 海人酸kallikrein-kininogen-kinin，KKK 激肽释放酶一激肽原一激肽ketamine 氯胺酮Kinesthetic aproxia 运动性运用不能kinin 激肽kinocilium 动纤毛knee jerk reflex 膝跳反射knockout,Kn 基因敲除kynurenate 犬尿烯酸Lactate Lac 乳酸laminin 层粘连蛋白late gene 晚期基因late LTP 晚期LTPlateral column (horn) 侧角（柱）lateral inhibition 侧抑制lateral premotor area 外侧前运动区l-dopa 左旋多巴leak out 漏出leak potassium channels “漏钾”通道lectin-like receptor 凝集素样受体leucine rich motif, LRM 亮氨酸富集结构leukemia inhibitory factor receptor β,LIEFβ白血病抑制因子受体βLeukotrienes 白三烯Lewy body Lewy 小体L-glutamate-γ-hydrazide L-谷氨酸-γ-肼ligand 配体Ligand-gated ion channels 配体门控离子通道Light-dark cyc1e，LD 明-暗周期limb-girdle muscular dystrophy，LGMD 肢带型肌营养不良症Lipid, Lip 脂质lipofectin 阳离子脂质体lipofuscin 脂褐质liposome-mediated DNA transfer 脂质体介导的DNA转移load test 负荷试验local circuit neuron 局部环路神经元local circuits 局部环路local or intrinsic neurons 局部神经元local response 局部反应locomotion 行走运动Long-day breeder 长日繁殖动物Long-term depression,LTD 长时程抑制long-term memory 长时记忆long-term potentiation，LTP 长时程增强lumlar splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经丛luteinzing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH 促黄体生成激素释放激素lymphoid stroma 淋巴样基质lymphorrhage 淋巴溢lysergic acid diethylamide，LSD 麦角二乙酰胺MAG 髓鞘相关糖蛋白magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS 磁共振波谱学magnetic susceptibility 磁化率major depression 重性抑郁症MAO-B 单胺氧化酶Bmarginal zone (MZ) 缘层MBP 髓鞘碱性蛋白Me1atonin 褪黑激素medial motor cortex 内侧运动区mediator 介质Meissner’s Corpuscle Meissner触觉小体melatonin 褪黑素Meningomyelocele 脊髓脊膜膨出3-mercaptopropionic acid，3-MP 3-巯基丙酸Merkel’s disk Merkel球3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol，MHPG 3-甲氧基-4-羟苯乙二醇5-methoxyindole acetic acid，5-MIAA 5-甲氧基吲哚乙酸α-Methyl-dopa-hydrazine α-甲基多巴肼mesencephalic aqueduct 中脑水管mesencephalic flexure 中脑曲mesencephalic locomotor region,MLR 中脑运动区Mesenchyme 间胚层metabolic imaging 新陈代谢显像metabotropic glutamate receptors，mGluRs 旧称ACPD受体促代谢型谷氨酸受体Metoclopramide 甲氧氯普胺，又称灭吐灵、胃复安micro positron emission tomography, microPET 微型正电子发射式断层仪microbrain system in the heart 心脏微脑系统microcapsule 微囊microcircuits 微环路Microencephaly 脑过小畸形microglical cell 小胶质细胞microneurography 微神经元图microphonic potential, CM 微音器电位microtubule associated protein，MAP 微管相关蛋白midbrain or mesencephalon vesicle 中脑泡miniature end-plate potential,MEPP 微小终板电位mirrorneurons 镜像神经元mitogen 有丝分裂素mitogen-activated protein kinase ，MAP激酶分裂素活化蛋白激酶modality 感觉模态modulator 调质MOG 髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白monoamine oxidase，MAO 单胺氧化酶monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射mood stabilizing drugs 情感心境稳定剂motifs 结构单元motoneuron pool 运动神经元池motor neuron disease 运动神经元疾病motor nucleus 运动核motor unit 运动单位motormap 大脑皮质运动定位图MPP＋, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 1-甲基-4苯基吡啶离子MPTP,1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-etrahydropyridine 1-甲基-4苯基-1, 2, 3, 6-四羟吡啶Mullerian duct inhibiting hormone，MIH 苗勒氏管抑制激素multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化Multiple system atorphy 多系统萎缩muscatinic receptor，M-AChR 毒蕈碱受体，M-受体muscimol 蝇蕈醇muscle spindle 肌梭myllinatio 髓鞘形成myllination 体节myoblasts 成肌细胞myogenic cells 肌源细胞myo-Inositol，mI 内消螺旋肌醇myotatic reflex 肌伸长反射myotonic dystrophy, DM 强直性肌营养不良症N-acetylaspartate, NAA 氮乙酰天门冬氨酸Natriuretic peptide，ANP 肾内利钠肽n-butyl-β-carboline-3- carboxylate，β-CCB n-丁基-β-咔啉-3-羧酸negative shift 负转化nerve growth factor, NGF 神经生长因子Netrin 网蛋白network 网络neural cell adhesion molecule，NCAM 神经细胞粘连分子neural progenitor cells 神经元前体细胞neuritic thread，NT 神经炎毯neuroblast 成神经细胞neurodegenerative diseases 神经退行性疾病neuroeffector junction 神经元-效应器连接neurofibrillary tangle，NFT 神经原纤维缠结neurogliocyte 神经胶质细胞neuroimmunoendocrine network 神经免疫内分泌网络neuroimmunomodulation 神经免疫调制neurokinin, NK 神经激肽neuroleptics 抗精神失常的药物neurolukin 神经白细胞素neuromeres 神经管节（菱形节）Neuron 神经元neuronal NOS，nNOS 神经元型NOSneuronal plasticity 神经元可塑性neuronotrophic factors (NTFs) 神经营养因子neuropeptide K, NPK 神经肽Kneuropeptide Y, NPY 神经肽Yneuropeptide, NP 神经肽neurotensin, NT 神经降压素neurotransmitter coexistence 递质共存neurotrophic factors, NTFs 神经营养因子neurotrophin receptor interacting factor,NRIF NT受体相互作用因子neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR神经营养素受体neurotrophin, NTs家族神经营养素家族neurotrophin-3 ，NT-3 神经营养素-3 neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5 神经营养素-4/5 neurotrophin-6 神经营养素-6 Neurulation 神经胚形成nicotinid receptor，N-AChR 烟碱受体，N-受体nitrergic 氮能Nitric oxide ，NO 一氧化氮nitric oxide synthase，NOS 一氧化氮合酶nitric oxide，NO 一氧化氮nitroxidergic 一氧化氮能N-methyl-D-aspartate, NMDA N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸nociception 伤害性感受non-adrenergic non- cholinergic，NANC 非肾上腺素能非胆碱能nonassociative learning 非联合性学习non-automatic pathway 控制通路或非自动加工通路nondeclarative memory or implicit memory 非陈述记忆non-directed synapse 非定向突触Nonphotic entrainment 非光源协同化non-proline-directed protein kinase，non-PDPK 非脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶no-reflow 无复流norepinephrine或noradrenaline，NE或NA 去甲肾上腺素Notch Intracellular Domain，NICD 胞内域nuclear bag fiber 核袋纤维nuclear chain fiber 核链纤维nuclear factor-κ gene bindingκ基因结合核因子Nucleus tractus solitarius, NTS 孤束核octreotide 奥曲肽ocular disparity representation 眼差异代表区Ocular Dominance Columns 眼优势柱oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, OPMD 眼咽型肌营养不良症ohosphatidylinositol，ptdlns 磷脂肌醇Okaidaic acid，OA 冈田酸6-OHDA 6-羟基多巴胺oligodendroglia cell 少突胶质细胞omnipause neurons 全暂停神经元open-channel blockers 开放通道阻滞剂operant conditioning reflex 操作式条件反射opioid peptide，OP 阿片肽opioid receptor-like ,ORL 阿片受体样受体opioid receptors 阿片受体optic chiasm 视交叉optokinetic reflex 眼动反射ordered recruitment 有序募集organic sensation 脏器感受orphan receptor 孤儿受体orphanin, OFQ 孤啡肽orthographic processing 字型加工OSP 少突胶质细胞特异蛋白otoacoustic emission，OAE 耳声发射output pathway 传出通路overshoot 超射oxygen free radicals 氧自由基Oxy-hemoglobin, Oxy-Hb 氧合血红蛋白oxytocin, OT 催产素Pacemaker 起律pacemaker细胞P细胞Pacinian Corpuscle 环层小体pain 痛觉paired helical filament，PHF 双螺旋丝pancreatic polypeptide, PP 胰多肽Pandysautonomia 全自主神经功能不全parabrachial area 臂旁区para-chlorophenylalamine，PCPA 对氯苯丙氨酸parallel process 平行过程parallel synapse 平行性突触paramagnetic 顺磁paramedian pontine reticular formation, PPRF 旁正中脑桥网状结构pargyline 帕吉宁parietal pain 壁层痛parieto-premotor channels 顶叶-前运动通路Parkinson’s disease, PD 帕金森病paroxetine 帕罗西汀part per million 化学位移相对值particle bombardment 颗粒轰击技术patch clamp 膜片钳patterned movement 型式化运动p-chloroamphetamine，PCA 对氯苯丙胺penumbra 缺血半暗带peptide YY, PYY 胰多肽样肽perceptual representative system，PRS 知觉表征系统perfusion weighted imaging, PWI 灌注成像perikaryon 核周体phage display 噬菌体展示Phase advance 时相前移Phase de1ay 时相后移Phase response curve，PRC 时相反应曲线Phase shifting 时相位移phencyclidine，PCP 苯环已哌啶（苯环立啶）phenyketonurin 苯丙酮尿症phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase，PNMT 苯乙醇胺氮位甲基移位酶pheochromocytoma cells(PC12) 大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞δ-philanthotoxin(δ-PHTX) 寄生穴蜂毒素phonological processing 语音加工phorbel ester 佛波醇酯phosphalidylinosilol 磷脂酰肌醇Phosphocholine 磷酸胆碱phosphocreatine,PCr 磷酸肌酸phosphodiesterase PDE 磷酸二酯酶phosphodiesters, PDE 磷酸双脂phosphoinositide cycle 肌醇磷脂循环phospholipase C PLC 磷脂酶C phosphomonoesters, PME 磷酸单脂phosphoprotein phosphatases 磷蛋白磷酸（酯）酶phosphotidyl inositol，PI 磷脂酰肌醇Photoentrainment 光源协同性Photorecepto 光感受器phrenology 颅相学Pinealocytes 松果体细胞pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, PACAP 垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽place coding 部位编码Plasma membrane transporter 膜转运体plasmid vector 质粒载体plasticity 可塑性pletelet-derived growth factor,PDGF 血小板源性生长因子PLP 蛋白脂蛋白poattetanic potentiation 强直后强化point-resolved spectroscopy PRESS 点分辨光谱法polymodal 多模式型polysynaptic reflex 多突触反射pontine flexure 桥曲positron emission tomography，PET 正电子发射断层扫描posterior column (horn) 后柱（角）posterior commissure 后联合Posterior parietal cortex 后顶叶皮质post-receptor defect 受体后缺陷postsynaptic current 突触后电流postsynaptic potential,PSP 突触后电位Premotor cortex area，PM 前运动区preparatory potential 准备电位pre-pro-opiomelanocortin, POMC 前阿黑皮素原pre-protachykinin, PPT 前速激肽原pre-supplementary motor area 前辅助运动区presynaptic inhibition 突触前抑制pretangle 缠结形成前期preterminal N-AChRs 末梢前N-胆碱受体primary afferent depolarization, PAD 初级传入纤维末梢去极化Primary motor cortex，MI 初级运动皮质primary neurons 原代神经元primary non-neuronal cells 原代非神经元细胞primary orthostatic hypotension，亦即Shy-Drager综合征原发性直立性低血压primary sensory ending 初级感觉末梢primilite meninx 原始脑（脊）膜principle of connectional 神经元通信特性原理Principle of dynamic polarizational 神经元极化原理procedural memory 程序记忆programmed cell death 程序性细胞死亡prolactin, PRL 催乳素proline-directed protein kinase，PDPK 脯氨酸指导的蛋白激酶propriospinal neuron 脊髓固有神经元prostaglandins，PGs 前列腺素proteasome 泛素蛋白酶小体protective effect 保护作用protein kinase C，PKC 蛋白激酶Cprotein phosphatases,PP 蛋白磷酸酯酶pseudoaffective reaction 伪情感反应Pure Pandysautonomia “全”或“纯”自主神经功能不全putamen 壳核quantal release 递质量子释放quasi visceral pain 准内脏痛123I-quinuclidinyl-benzilate, 123I-QNB 123碘-二苯羟乙酸喹啉酯quinolinic acid QUIN 喹啉酸Quisqualic acid ，QA 使君子（氨）酸radial glial cell 放射胶质细胞radioimmunoassay, RIA 放射免疫分析技术radio-immunu-imaging, RII 放射免疫显像radionuclide imaging techniques 放射性核素显像技术radio-receptor imaging 放射受体显像ragidity 肌僵直Raphe nuclei 中缝核rapid eye movement, REM 快速眼动Rathkes Pouch 拉司克囊Raynaud's Disease and Raynaud's Phenomenom 雷诺氏病及雷诺氏现象receptive field-specificity of the columns 柱的感受野特性receptor 受体receptor for advanced glycation end products，RAGE 晚期糖化终产物受体receptor potential 感受器电位receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK 受体酪氨酸激酶receptor-specificity of columns 柱的感受器特性reciprocal inhibition 交互神经支配reciprocal inhibition 交互抑制reciprocal synapse 交互性突触recurrent inhibition 返回性抑制referred pain 牵涉痛regional cerebral blood flow, rCBF 局部脑血流量regional Cerebral Blood Volume, rCBV 局部脑血容量regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose, rCMRGlu 局部脑葡萄糖代谢率regional Mean Transit Time, rMTT 局部平均通过时间Regulatory subunit 调节亚单位relaxation rate 质子弛豫率relay or principal neurons 接替神经元resetting 重新调定resting membrane potential,RMP或RP 静息膜电位restrictive diffusion 受限弥散retention 保留reticular formation, RF 网状结构Retinohypotha1amic tract；RHT 视丘束retrovirus vector (RV) 逆转录病毒载体reversal current 向膜内流转变为向外流rewarding system 奖赏系统Riley Day综合征, familial dysautonomia 家族性自主神经功能不全risperdal 维思通rodopsin 视紫红质rohombic lips 菱唇Rolipram 罗列普拉roof plate 顶板rostral interstitial nucleus 间质核Ruffini’s corpuscle Ruffini小体Running-wheel 跑动轮rutabaga 傻瓜saccadic eye movement 眼扫视运动scaffolds 脚手架scavenger receptor, SR 清道夫受体schizophrenia 精神分裂症sebsorimotor transformation 感觉运动转化Secondary sensory ending 次级感觉末梢selegiline 司来吉兰selfaggregation 易自聚性semantic memory 语义记忆semantic processing 语义加工semaphorin 导向蛋白senile plaque，SP 老年斑sensitization 敏感化serial synapse 连续性突触serine hydroxymethyl transferase，SHMT 丝氨酸羟甲基移位酶serotonin-type S型set-related 设置相关sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area, SDN-POA 视前区性别双态核shearing motion 剪切运动short latency-abrupt, SL-A 短潜伏期-突发性short latency-sustained, SL-S 短潜伏期-持续性short-term memory 短短时记忆shuntinginhibition 分流抑制shuttle vector 穿梭载体Silent nociceptor 静止痛觉感受器single chain Fv antibody fragment, scFv 单链Fv抗体single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT 单光子发射式计算机断层仪size principle 大小原则skeletofusimotor or beta efferents 骨骼肌梭动纤维或β传出纤维slow transmission 慢速突触传递small fiber neuropathy 小纤维神经病smooth pursuit movement 眼平稳跟踪运动sodium dodecylsulfate，SDS 十二烷基硫酸钠soluble guanylyl cyclase，sGC 鸟苷酸环化酶somatostatin, SS 生长抑素somatotopic organization 定位关系somites 体节SP , substance P P物质space constant,r 空间常数spatial pattern 空间构型special summation 空间总和special viseral afferent 特殊内脏传入核团special viseral efferent 特殊内脏传出核团specific 5-HT binding protein，SBP 5-HT结合蛋白SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射计算机断层扫描spike potential 锋电位Spina bifida occulta 隐性脊柱裂spinal shock 脊休克spinalisation 脊髓化spinohypothalamic tract，SHT 脊髓下丘脑束spinoreticular tract, SRT 脊髓网状束spinothalamic tract, STT 脊丘束spin-spin coupling 自旋-自旋耦合stagnant or ischemia anoxia 停滞性（或缺血性）缺O2 stance phase 站立相state-dependent reflex reversal 状态依赖性反射逆转static equilibrium 静态平衡static response 静态反应static stretch reflex 静态牵张反射statistic parameter map, SPM 123碘-IMPstereocilia 静纤毛stereognosis 实体觉steriod concentrating neuron 浓集性腺类固醇的神经元stiffness 劲度stimulated-echo acquisition mode STEAM 受激回波采集方式stimulation produced analgesia，SPA 脑刺激镇痛stretch reflex 牵张反射striatum 纹状体stromal cells 基质细胞subcortical and cortical motivation areas 皮质与皮质下动机区Subjective day 主观昼Subjective night 主观夜submedian 中线下核subnucleus reticularis dorsalis, SRD 背侧网状亚核Subparaventricular zone 室旁下区substantia inomata 未名质substantia nigra pars compacta, SNc 黑质致密部substantia nigra pars reticulata, SNr 黑质网状部substantia nigra, SN 黑质subthalamic nucleus, STN 丘脑底核subventricular zone SZ 脑室下层succinic semialdehyde，SSA 琥珀酸半醛sulcus limitans 界沟sulpiride 舒必利sumatriptan 舒马坦summating potential，SP 总和电位suoerfamily 超家族superparamagnetic 超顺磁性supplement move area,SMA 辅助运动区Suprachiasmatic nuclei；SCN 视交叉上核swing phase 移动相syllo-Inositol SISympathetic system, ,parasympathetic system 交感神经系统及副交感神经系统synapse 突触synapsin 突触蛋白synaptic after-polarization细胞SAH细胞synaptic contact zone 突触接触带synaptic convergence 突触性聚合synaptic divergence 突触性分散synaptic facilitation 突触易化synaptic glomerulus 突触球synaptic integration 突触整合synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性synaptic potentiation 突触强化synaptic细胞S细胞synaptophysin 突触素Synchronization 同步化syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH，SIADH 抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征tachykinin 速激肽tacrine 他可林target cells 靶细胞targeted gene transfer via receptors 受体介导的基因转移Telencephalon vesicle 端脑泡temporal ischemic attack, TIA 暂时性缺血性发作temporal pattern 时间构型temporal resolution 时间分辨率temporal summation 时间总和tendon organ 腱器官terminal N-AChRs 末梢N-胆碱受体testis determining factor，TDF 睾丸决定因子testosterone 睾酮tetrabenazine 四苯嗪tetrahydrofolate，FH4 四氢叶酸Therapeutic-window 治疗窗4，5，6，7-tetra hydroiso oxazalo-[5，4-C] pyridine-3-ol THIPthreshold potential,TP 阈电位thymie polypeptid hormone 胸腺多肽激素thyrotropin hormone，TSH 促甲状腺激素thyrotropin releasing hormone, TRH 促甲状腺激素释放激素time constant 时间常数Timekeeping 定时Timing cues 时信tissue modeling 脑组织塑型trafficking 交通移动transaldolase 转缩醛酶transcortical circuits 跨皮质环路transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation，TENS 跨皮电刺激神经transcytosis 细胞内转运作用transforming growth factor-β, TGF-β转化生长因子-βtransmembrane signaling 跨膜信息转导transmitter gated ion channels 递质门控离子通道transporeter，T 转运体triad 三联体triazolopyridezine，CL 218872 三唑哒嗪tricyclic antidepressants 三环抗抑郁剂trifluoperazine 三氟吡拉嗪trigger zone 触发区trophic factortheory 营养因子理论tropolone 托酚酮tropomyosin receptor kinase 原肌球蛋白受体激酶true visceral pain 真脏器痛truncation 截断作用tryptophan hydroxylase，TPH 色氨酸羟化酶Tryptophen 色氨酸tubulin 微管蛋白tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 肿瘤坏死因子受体结合蛋白tyrosine hydroxylase, TH 酪氨酸羟化酶tyrosine kinase 酪氨酸激酶ubiquitination 泛素化unbiquitin carboxyterminal hydrolase 泛素羧端水解酶unconditioned response 非条件反应unconditioned stimulus，US 非条件刺激urodilation 肾利钠肽use-dependence 应用依赖性vascular volume receptor 容量感受器vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP 血管活性肠肽vasopressin, VP 血管升压素vegetative nervous system 植物神经系统veiled cell 面纱细胞ventricular zone VZ 脑室层verbalworking memory 语言性工作记忆vergence movement 聚散运动vesicular monoamine transporter，VMAT 囊泡单胺类转运体vesicular neurotransmitter transporters，VNTs 囊泡转运体vestibular nystagmus 前庭眼震颤vestibulo-ocular reflex 前庭眼反射viral vector 病毒载体visceral brain 内脏脑Visceral nervous system 内脏神经系统visceral pain 内脏痛visceral sensation, VS 内脏感觉visceroceptor 内脏感受器VMAT2, vesicular monoamine transporter，单胺囊泡转运体。