人教版高中英语必修五各单元短语及句型整合

人教版高中英语必修五各单元短语及句型整合
作者：王海峰
Unit 1 Great scientists
1. put forward 提出
知识拓展
come up with 提出、想出
think of 想起、思考、想象
bring up 提出、教育、抚养、呕吐
2. draw a conclusion 得出结论
知识拓展
in conclusion 最后
conclude sth from...从……推断出……
, including sth = with sth included 包括……
exclude v. 不包括
词根知识：clude“关”
con “共同”+clude=conclude关一起，即“得出结论”
in“向内”+clude=include关进去，即“包括”
ex “向外”+clude=exclude关外面，即“不包括”
2. be infected with 染上...（疾病）
知识拓展
be infectious 有传染性的
Bird flu is infectious. 禽流感传染。

A man who suffers from bird flu is infectious.
患有禽流感的人会传染的。

同词根讲解：fect“做、作”，
in“向内”，infect 向里作，即“感染”
ef变自ex，effect向外作，即“效果、影响”
af变自ad, 表示强调，affect “影响”、“感动”
① 这花每天都要见一会儿太阳。

This flower should be exposed to the sun for a while every day.
②吸二手烟对人体危害很大。

It’s very harmful to be exposed to second smoke.
3. scientific research科学研究
science n. 科学；scientist n. 科学家
4. remove...from...把……从……移开、去除
5. expose...to...使……暴露于……
知识拓展
be exposed to...暴露于。

关于此词，英汉用法差异较大：请熟记以下句子：
6. cure sb of sth治疗某人某病
知识拓展
inform sb of sth通知某人某事
accuse sb of sth控告某人某罪
remind sb of sth使某人想起某事
rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某事
rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物
7. in the neighborhood在邻近在附近
neighbor n. 邻居（人）；neighborhood n. 街坊、居民
They are my neighbors.他们是我家邻居。

（next to each other）
Be quiet！Or you will wake up the whole neighborhood. 小声点，你会把邻居全都吵醒的。

neighborhood committee居委会
8. link A to B 将A与B联系起来
知识拓展
connect A with B 将两者连接/系起来；
relate A to B 将两者连系起来
combine A with B 将A和B结合起来9. with certainty=certainly确定地
with care = carefully 小心地
with caution = cautiously谨慎地
with kindness = kindly 亲切地
with joy = joyfully 高兴地
with anger = angrily 生气地
with sorrow = sorrowfully 悲伤地
with ease = easily 不费力地
with delight = delightedly 欣然
10. contribute sth to...捐献；投稿
知识拓展
contribute to sth 捐献；促成；投稿
lead to sth导致
make a contribution to...为……做出贡献
make contributions to...为……做出贡献
词根讲解：tribute交给、贡物
contribute 一起交给，即“贡献”
distribute 交出去，即“分发”
11.apart from 除……之外(还)；加之；
知识拓展
= besides / in addition to / as well as 除……之外(还)；加之；
= expect for除……之外(都)；若不是11. positive 积极的肯定的确实的
知识拓展
negative 消极的否定的
passive 消极的
subjective 主观的
objective 客观的
ambiguous 模棱两可的
以上词汇阅读理解之态度分析题常用。

12. be strict with sb对某人严格的
be strict in one’s work 工作很认真
13. make sense有意义；言之有理
知识拓展
suspect sb of sth怀疑某人某事
make no sense 没意义，讲不通
make sense of…= understand 理解明白common sense 常识
14. be enthusiastic about...对……充满热情
知识拓展
enthusiasm n. 热情
be cautious about...对……小心的，谨慎的
be concerned about...关心；挂念
15. attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听报告/上学
知识拓展
attend (on/upon) sb 照顾某人；伺候某人attend to 处理对付接待专心注意16. face /meet a challenge面临/应对挑战
知识拓展
be faced with sth 面对
17. absorb sb’s attention吸引某人的注意力
知识拓展
be absorbed in...全神贯注于……
draw one’s attention (to) 吸引谁的的注意力（到……）
attract sb to sth 吸引某人至……
18. suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是……
suspicious adj. 可疑的、多疑的
I doubt whether sb will do sth 怀疑某人是否会做……
I don’t doubt that …我相信……
19. blame sb for (doing) sth因（做）某事而责备某人
知识拓展
Sb be to blame（for sth）(对某事)负有责任，(因某事)应受责备
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎到某人身上20. announce sth to sb 向某人宣布、通告某事
知识拓展
It’s announced that...据宣布……
词根知识：nounce 通知
pro“公开”，pronounce 公开通知，即发音；宣判
pronunciation n. 发音（注意拼写变化）
de“去掉”，denounce 去掉通知，即诋毁21. instruct sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
知识拓展
follow one’s instructions/advice 听从某人的指示/建议
词根知识：struct “建造”
con“一起”，construct v. 建造、修建；
construction n. 建设、建筑物
de“去掉”，stroy=struct destroy v. 破坏；
destruction n. 破坏
22.lift up 举起抬高
23. prevent…from…阻止……做……
知识拓展
stop...(from)...阻止……做……
keep...from...阻止……做……
注意：keep sb doing sth 意思为“让某人不停地做”
24. so clever a child = such a clever child
25. come to an end 结束
26. be responsible for = take the responsibility for 对……负责
response n. 响应、反应、回答；respond v. 回答、做出反应
responsibility n. 责任、义务
27. make room for 为...腾地方
28. make a face 做鬼脸
知识拓展
make a difference 有影响,起(重要)作用，大有作为
make fun of 取笑，嘲笑
make use of 使用；利用
make the most/best of 尽量利用，充分使用
make up one’s mind下决心；拿定主意
make up for 补偿,弥补
make up of.. 由……组成，构成
make it 办成；做到；成功；及时到达
make beds铺床叠被
make out 辨认出
make one’s way 前进成功发迹
make (both ) ends meet 量入为出，使收支相抵
make oneself at home 不要拘束;别客气
make oneself understood 把话说清楚,把意思交代明白
Unit 2 The United Kingdom
1.the United Kingdom联合王国
知识拓展
the United Nations联合国
the United States美国
2.consist of...由...组成
知识拓展
be made up of...由...组成
compose v. 构成、写作
构词法讲解：sist “站立”
resist v. re“相反”，反着站，即“抵抗”
assist v. as “来”，表示强调，来站，即“协助”
persist v. per“完全、贯穿”，始终站立，即“坚持”
insist v. in“向内”，站里边，即“坚持、强调”
3.divide ...into...把...分成...(整体分成部分)
知识拓展
separate...from...将...分隔开，隔离
4.break away (from) (从……)挣脱、逃离
5.clarify one’s views/position澄清，阐明某人的观点/立场
= make one’s views clear阐明某人的观点6.be unwilling to do 不愿意做某事
知识拓展
be willing to do sth愿意做某事
volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
be reluctant to do sth 不情愿做
7. to one’s credit为...带来荣誉，值得赞扬，在...名下
知识拓展
on credit以赊购方式
credit card 信用证
8. conflict with...与...相冲突
9. for one’s convenience为了某人方便起见
知识拓展
for one’s sake 为了谁好
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
If it is convenient for/to you如果你方便的话
It is convenient for sb to do sth对于某人来说做某
事方便
10. attract one’s attention(to...)吸引某人的注意力于...
知识拓展
draw one’s attention 吸引某人注意力
attract sb to sth吸引某人注意到某事
attraction 吸引力，吸引人的事物/地方11. leave out省去遗漏不考虑
知识拓展
leave alone不管别惹让...独自待着
leave aside 搁置
leave behind忘带留下
leave for动身去某地
leave off停止中断
let out发出
12. quarrel with sb about sth就某事与某人争论
13. take the place of 代替
知识拓展
take one’s place代替某人
replace vt. 取代、替代
take place 发生、举办14. break down损坏、崩溃、抛锚、中断
知识拓展
break through取得突破
break into闯入突然开始
break out爆发突然发生
break up分手分裂瓦解
break off中断break in打断插嘴
15. arrange sth for sb为某人安排某事
知识拓展
arrange for sb to do sth安排某人做某事
arrange the books 整理书籍
range n. 范围、山脉；beyond range 超出射程
16. to one’s delight令人（很）高兴的是
知识拓展
What delights me most is...最让我高兴的是...
be delighted at/with/by 因...高兴
delighted adj. 高兴地；delightedly adv. 欣喜地
17. be consistent with...与...一致的
知识拓展
be in agreement with 与……一致；同意18. make a list of..列...的清单
at the top/bottom of a list 位列名单之首/之末
19. remain standing for one thousand years 已然矗立千年
知识拓展
remain a salesman （link v.）依然是销售员
20.on special occasions在特别的时刻
知识拓展
a big/great / splendid occasion 盛大场合
a formal / social occasion 正式/社交场合
a sad/solemn occasion 悲伤/庄重的场合
a festive occasion节庆场合
21.It’s a pity that he didn’t accept the job.
知识拓展
It’s a pity that....令人遗憾的是...
It’s a shame that...令人羞愧的是……
It’s an honor that...令人荣耀的是……
It’s a surprise that...令人意想不到的是……
It’s a fact//a question 事实/问题是……
It’s no wonder that...难怪……
Unit 3 Life in the future
1.sth leave a(n)good/bad/deep impression on sb. 某物给某人留下好/坏/深刻的印象
知识拓展
sb be impressed by/with sth某人对某事印象深刻
impress sth on sb使某人铭记某事
impressive adj.印象深刻的
2.take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用
知识拓展
take off脱下起飞成功
take down记下
take over 接管接收
take in吸收理解收留欺骗
take on呈现（颜色、新面貌意思等）
take over 接管接收
3.set up 建立
知识拓展
give up放弃
turn up调高出现
pick up捡起好转收听偶然学会染上hold up耽搁阻碍
4. suffer from 遭受；忍受
He suffered from poverty all his life. 他一生受贫穷之苦。

My father suffers from high blood pressure. 我父亲有高血压。

suffer loss/damage/injury 遭受损失/损伤
注意：口语体说He has a headache. 而不说He suffers from a headache.
5. as a result 结果，因此
知识拓展
as a result of 由于因为
because of 由于因为
due to 由于因为
owing to 由于因为
thanks to sb/sth由于因为
therefore adv. 因此；consequently adv. 因此、结果
6. be similar to sth.与...相似
7. previous to sth.在...之前；先于
the previous day/chapter/owner etc 前一天/章/主人等
the former president 前任总统
former name 曾用名
ex-wife / former wife前妻
ex-husband / former husband 前夫
8. be surrounded by 被...所包围
知识拓展
surroundings n. 环境（周围的事物）
environment n. 自然环境（air, water, land on earth）
circumstance n. [常用复数] 情况、状况（影响situation的conditions）
atmosphere n. 气氛
9.tolerate v. 忍受；tolerance n. 忍受
知识拓展
can’t stand doing sth 无法忍受做某事
can’t stand to do sth
bear sth
put up with doing 容忍做某事
10. show sb around 领某人参观
知识拓展
look around环顾四周
walk around四处走走
hang around 闲逛
11. press sb to do sth催促某人做某事pressure n.压力
知识拓展
push sb to do sth 推着某人做什么12.switch on/off 打开/关掉
知识拓展
turn on / off 打开/关掉
13.be tired = be exhausted = be worn out 筋疲力尽的
14.move on 向前移动
15.turn into转变成
知识拓展
turn up 出现, 卷起, 调大
turn out 生产, 结果（是）
turn to 求助于
turn down 拒绝, 翻下, 调小
turn a blind eye to sth. 装作没看见
turn a deaf ear to sth. 置若罔闻
16.speed up 加速
知识拓展
slow down减速
at a speed of ....以...速度
accelerate v. 加速
17.stare at凝视
知识拓展
glare at 怒目而视
glance at 瞥见
18.in space 在太空里
知识拓展
on the earth在地球上
in the earth 在泥土里
what on earth is it? 这究竟是什么？ 19. the instant “ 一……就……”. 知识拓展 instantly the moment
as soon as
instant coffee 速溶咖啡 instant food 即食食品 20. swallow up 吞没 耗尽 吞并 21. optimistic 乐观的 知识拓展 pessimistic 悲观的 22. effective 有效的 知识拓展
efficient 高效的 affective 感情的
23. environmentally friendly 环保的 24. be greedy for sth.对...很贪婪
知识拓展
be greedy to do sth.渴望做某事 25. available adj. 可获得的 可利用的 有空的
翻译：
这书本到处都有卖的。

This book is sold everywhere. This book can be bought everywhere. This book is available everywhere. 对！！
Unit 4 Making the news
1. find out 弄明白搞清楚 知识拓展
work out 算出， 想出办法来 give out 散发， 分发， look out 当心，提防 put out 扑灭 hand out 散发 send out 发出， 派遣 run out 用完 go out 熄灭 let out 泄露， 发出 2. take photographs 拍照 take photos of 给...拍照 make selfies 自拍
3. cover a story 报道新闻 cover the pot 盖上锅盖 cover 30 miles 走了30英里 This course doesn’t cover business law. 这课程不包括商业法。

cover 30 acres 占地30英亩
4. concentrate on(doing) sth 全神贯注于... 知识拓展 focus on 聚焦于 be buried in 埋头于
be absorbed in 被……所吸引 be lost in 集中；全神贯注于... 5. have a nose for 对……敏感 知识拓展
错！！！
have a taste for = like 喜好什么
have an eye for 对……有鉴别能力
have an ear for 对（乐曲）有鉴赏力
6. keep sth in mind 记在心头
7. inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
知识拓展
keep sb informed of sth使某人了解某事informed 见闻广的
8. depend on/upon 依靠依赖
知识拓展
depend on it that...请相信
That depends或It all depends.看情况
depend on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事9. accuse sb of sth指控某人某罪
知识拓展
charge sb with sth
blame sb for (doing) sth因(做)...指责某人10. so as to do sth= in order to do 为了做某事
知识拓展
so as not to do = in order not to do为了不做某事
11. look forward to doing sth 盼望/期待做
某事
知识拓展
pay attention to doing sth 注意做什么
make contributions to （doing）sth 对（做）某事有贡献
be addicted to 沉溺于
be devoted to 致力于12.defend...against 保卫...以免于...
defense n. 防护、防御设施
13.by accident 偶然地意外地
知识拓展
by chance偶然地意外地
accidentally 偶然地意外地
14.on purpose 故意地
知识拓展
by design故意地
deliberately 故意地
15.ahead of...在...前面
知识拓展
ahead of time 提前
go ahead 去吧前进
16.set to work 开始积极工作
知识拓展
get down to work 认真开始工作
st of all 最后
18.Begin with以...开始
19.be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事
知识拓展
be delighted at/by/with因...而高兴
to one’s delight 令人高兴的是
take delight in 以...为乐
20.submit sth to...向...呈交某物
知识拓展
hand sth in to sb 交给某人
submit to...屈服于/服从...
词根讲解：mit“送、派”
ad “来”，表示强调，admit v. 承认、容许
进入
com “共同”，commit v. 犯罪、把……交托给
21.be eager to do 渴望做某事
知识拓展
be dying to do 急切地去做
long to do 渴望做某事
be anxious to do渴望做某事
be eager for/about sth 渴望获得
be dying for sth 渴望获得
be anxious for渴望获得
long for渴望得到...
22.assist sb in doing sth
知识拓展
assist sb to do sth
assist sb with sth帮助某人做某事
assistant 助理；assistance n. 帮助
23. acquire/form the habit of doing sth养成做某事的习惯
知识拓展
acquire a good knowledge of...精通...
require v. = need/demand/ask/order 需要、要求、命令
enquire v. = ask 询问24. in case/in case of 万一以防
知识拓展
Take an umbrella, in case it rains.
Take an umbrella in case of rain.
in any case 无论如何
in no case决不
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话
as is often the case这是常有的事
25. demand to do要求做
知识拓展
meet/satisfy one’s demand满足...的需要
26.be supposed to 应该
27.be senior to...比...年长/职位高
知识拓展
be junior to比..年轻/职位低
28.above all首先
知识拓展
after all毕竟，终究
all in all总之
all over 遍及
29.approve of sth 同意/赞同某事
30.in the process of...在...过程中
appoint sb to be/as sth 任命某人为...
Unit 5 First aid
1.first aid 急救
2.fall ill 生病知识拓展fall behind 落后于fall silent 沉默
fall off从...跌落
fall down跌倒
fall in love with...爱上...
fall into the habit of...形成...习惯
fall into debt欠债
fall asleep睡着
3.electric shock触电
4.squeeze out炸出挤出squeeze into挤入塞进
5. over and over again 反复多次
6. be in place适当
知识拓展
be out of place不适当
in place of代替
take place发生举行
take the place of = replace 代替
7. get injured 受伤get burned 烧伤烫伤
8. vary with...随...而变动act as 担当
知识拓展
a variety of = various 各种各种的
vary from...to...从...到...不等
9. provide sb with sth 向某人提供某物
知识拓展
provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物
supply sb with sth 向某人提供什么
supply sth to sb向某人提供什么
10. be grateful to sb for sth.因某事对某人很感激
11. be presented with 被授予...
12. cut off 切掉
知识拓展
be cut off from outside world 与世隔绝
13.a great/large number of 许多
the number of... ...的数量
14.put one’s hands on...找到
15.be proud of = take pride in 为……感到
骄傲
16.have a good knowledge of...很了解；掌
握
17.make a difference有影响起作用
知识拓展
make no difference无影响不起作用
make a/no difference to...对……有/没影响
18.It is vital to do sth做……很重要
知识拓展
It’s very important to do sth 做……很重要
19.pour into涌入
知识拓展
pour out倾诉
20. pour cold water on...对...泼冷水
21. as we can see 正如我们看到的
知识拓展
as we all know我们都知道
as is known to all众所周知
as is often the case 这是常有的事
22. be on fire 着火
23. be/get involved in 卷入介入
24. treat sb well/badly善待/虐待某
11
知识拓展
treat sb as... 把...当做..来对待
It is my treat.我请客
25.apply to 适应于
知识拓展
apply...to...把...应用于...；给...涂/敷...
apply for a job申请工作
apply to do申请做某事
26. There is no doubt that ...毫无疑问……
12。